arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 + arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c | 8 ++++++++ tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 + tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c | 3 +++ tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c | 5 +++++ 5 files changed, 18 insertions(+)
Recent Clang can use RAX as a temporary register for the DRAP stack
alignment sequence. Add support for that.
Fixes the following warning:
vmlinux.o: error: objtool: vmw_host_printf+0xd: unknown CFA base reg 0
Reported-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/cefefdd1-7b82-406d-8ff4-e4b167e45ee6@app.fastmail.com
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
---
arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 +
arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c | 8 ++++++++
tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 +
tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c | 3 +++
tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c | 5 +++++
5 files changed, 18 insertions(+)
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
index e0125afa53fb..b3cc7970fa54 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
#define ORC_REG_R13 7
#define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 8
#define ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT 9
+#define ORC_REG_AX 10
#define ORC_REG_MAX 15
#define ORC_TYPE_UNDEFINED 0
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
index f610fde2d5c4..32f7e918d3d9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
@@ -578,6 +578,14 @@ bool unwind_next_frame(struct unwind_state *state)
}
break;
+ case ORC_REG_AX:
+ if (!get_reg(state, offsetof(struct pt_regs, ax), &sp)) {
+ orc_warn_current("missing AX value at %pB\n",
+ (void *)state->ip);
+ goto err;
+ }
+ break;
+
default:
orc_warn("unknown SP base reg %d at %pB\n",
orc->sp_reg, (void *)state->ip);
diff --git a/tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h b/tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
index e0125afa53fb..b3cc7970fa54 100644
--- a/tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
+++ b/tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
#define ORC_REG_R13 7
#define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 8
#define ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT 9
+#define ORC_REG_AX 10
#define ORC_REG_MAX 15
#define ORC_TYPE_UNDEFINED 0
diff --git a/tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c b/tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c
index c5817829cdfa..5931b2393bd8 100644
--- a/tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c
+++ b/tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c
@@ -896,6 +896,9 @@ int arch_decode_hint_reg(u8 sp_reg, int *base)
case ORC_REG_DX:
*base = CFI_DX;
break;
+ case ORC_REG_AX:
+ *base = CFI_AX;
+ break;
default:
return -1;
}
diff --git a/tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c b/tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c
index 735e150ca6b7..5494bb450ab5 100644
--- a/tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c
+++ b/tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c
@@ -70,6 +70,9 @@ int init_orc_entry(struct orc_entry *orc, struct cfi_state *cfi, struct instruct
case CFI_DX:
orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_DX;
break;
+ case CFI_AX:
+ orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_AX;
+ break;
default:
ERROR_INSN(insn, "unknown CFA base reg %d", cfi->cfa.base);
return -1;
@@ -138,6 +141,8 @@ static const char *reg_name(unsigned int reg)
return "bp(ind)";
case ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT:
return "sp(ind)";
+ case ORC_REG_AX:
+ return "ax";
default:
return "?";
}
--
2.53.0On Mon, Mar 16, 2026 at 05:47:56PM -0700, Josh Poimboeuf wrote: > Recent Clang can use RAX as a temporary register for the DRAP stack > alignment sequence. Add support for that. > > Fixes the following warning: > > vmlinux.o: error: objtool: vmw_host_printf+0xd: unknown CFA base reg 0 > > Reported-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> > Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/cefefdd1-7b82-406d-8ff4-e4b167e45ee6@app.fastmail.com > Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org> > --- > arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 + > arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c | 8 ++++++++ > tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 + > tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c | 3 +++ > tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c | 5 +++++ > 5 files changed, 18 insertions(+) > > diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h > index e0125afa53fb..b3cc7970fa54 100644 > --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h > +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h > @@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ > #define ORC_REG_R13 7 > #define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 8 > #define ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT 9 > +#define ORC_REG_AX 10 > #define ORC_REG_MAX 15 I'm 'annoyed' at the placement of that register. I know its not important, but I can't silence my OCD saying that AX should come before DX. Also, SP comes before BP and both before DI. Something like so perhaps? --- diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h index e0125afa53fb..5df398761c70 100644 --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h @@ -28,15 +28,19 @@ * and GCC realigned stacks. */ #define ORC_REG_UNDEFINED 0 -#define ORC_REG_PREV_SP 1 + +#define ORC_REG_AX 1 #define ORC_REG_DX 2 -#define ORC_REG_DI 3 +#define ORC_REG_SP 3 #define ORC_REG_BP 4 -#define ORC_REG_SP 5 +#define ORC_REG_DI 5 #define ORC_REG_R10 6 #define ORC_REG_R13 7 -#define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 8 + +#define ORC_REG_PREV_SP 8 #define ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT 9 +#define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 10 + #define ORC_REG_MAX 15 #define ORC_TYPE_UNDEFINED 0
On Tue, Mar 17, 2026 at 09:18:25AM +0100, Peter Zijlstra wrote: > On Mon, Mar 16, 2026 at 05:47:56PM -0700, Josh Poimboeuf wrote: > > Recent Clang can use RAX as a temporary register for the DRAP stack > > alignment sequence. Add support for that. > > > > Fixes the following warning: > > > > vmlinux.o: error: objtool: vmw_host_printf+0xd: unknown CFA base reg 0 > > > > Reported-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> > > Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/cefefdd1-7b82-406d-8ff4-e4b167e45ee6@app.fastmail.com > > Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org> > > --- > > arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 + > > arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c | 8 ++++++++ > > tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 + > > tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c | 3 +++ > > tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c | 5 +++++ > > 5 files changed, 18 insertions(+) > > > > diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h > > index e0125afa53fb..b3cc7970fa54 100644 > > --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h > > +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h > > @@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ > > #define ORC_REG_R13 7 > > #define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 8 > > #define ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT 9 > > +#define ORC_REG_AX 10 > > #define ORC_REG_MAX 15 > > I'm 'annoyed' at the placement of that register. I know its not > important, but I can't silence my OCD saying that AX should come before > DX. > > Also, SP comes before BP and both before DI. > > Something like so perhaps? That bothered me too, but I was trying to keep the diffstat down. But sure, why not... What about the switch statements? Should we reorder them too while at it? If so, starting to feel like a separate patch. -- Josh
On Tue, Mar 17, 2026 at 08:30:59AM -0700, Josh Poimboeuf wrote: > On Tue, Mar 17, 2026 at 09:18:25AM +0100, Peter Zijlstra wrote: > > On Mon, Mar 16, 2026 at 05:47:56PM -0700, Josh Poimboeuf wrote: > > > Recent Clang can use RAX as a temporary register for the DRAP stack > > > alignment sequence. Add support for that. > > > > > > Fixes the following warning: > > > > > > vmlinux.o: error: objtool: vmw_host_printf+0xd: unknown CFA base reg 0 > > > > > > Reported-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> > > > Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/cefefdd1-7b82-406d-8ff4-e4b167e45ee6@app.fastmail.com > > > Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org> > > > --- > > > arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 + > > > arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c | 8 ++++++++ > > > tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 + > > > tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c | 3 +++ > > > tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c | 5 +++++ > > > 5 files changed, 18 insertions(+) > > > > > > diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h > > > index e0125afa53fb..b3cc7970fa54 100644 > > > --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h > > > +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h > > > @@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ > > > #define ORC_REG_R13 7 > > > #define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 8 > > > #define ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT 9 > > > +#define ORC_REG_AX 10 > > > #define ORC_REG_MAX 15 > > > > I'm 'annoyed' at the placement of that register. I know its not > > important, but I can't silence my OCD saying that AX should come before > > DX. > > > > Also, SP comes before BP and both before DI. > > > > Something like so perhaps? > > That bothered me too, but I was trying to keep the diffstat down. But > sure, why not... > > What about the switch statements? Should we reorder them too while at > it? If so, starting to feel like a separate patch. Agreed, switch statement order should match the definition order. And yes separate patch is fine.
On Tue, Mar 17, 2026 at 09:35:02PM +0100, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> On Tue, Mar 17, 2026 at 08:30:59AM -0700, Josh Poimboeuf wrote:
> > On Tue, Mar 17, 2026 at 09:18:25AM +0100, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> > > On Mon, Mar 16, 2026 at 05:47:56PM -0700, Josh Poimboeuf wrote:
> > > > Recent Clang can use RAX as a temporary register for the DRAP stack
> > > > alignment sequence. Add support for that.
> > > >
> > > > Fixes the following warning:
> > > >
> > > > vmlinux.o: error: objtool: vmw_host_printf+0xd: unknown CFA base reg 0
> > > >
> > > > Reported-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
> > > > Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/cefefdd1-7b82-406d-8ff4-e4b167e45ee6@app.fastmail.com
> > > > Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
> > > > ---
> > > > arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 +
> > > > arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c | 8 ++++++++
> > > > tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 1 +
> > > > tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c | 3 +++
> > > > tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c | 5 +++++
> > > > 5 files changed, 18 insertions(+)
> > > >
> > > > diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
> > > > index e0125afa53fb..b3cc7970fa54 100644
> > > > --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
> > > > +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
> > > > @@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
> > > > #define ORC_REG_R13 7
> > > > #define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 8
> > > > #define ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT 9
> > > > +#define ORC_REG_AX 10
> > > > #define ORC_REG_MAX 15
> > >
> > > I'm 'annoyed' at the placement of that register. I know its not
> > > important, but I can't silence my OCD saying that AX should come before
> > > DX.
> > >
> > > Also, SP comes before BP and both before DI.
> > >
> > > Something like so perhaps?
> >
> > That bothered me too, but I was trying to keep the diffstat down. But
> > sure, why not...
> >
> > What about the switch statements? Should we reorder them too while at
> > it? If so, starting to feel like a separate patch.
>
> Agreed, switch statement order should match the definition order. And
> yes separate patch is fine.
Ok, we can add the following on top:
---8<---
From: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Subject: [PATCH] objtool/x86: Reorder ORC register numbering
Reorder the ORC register values so their ordering matches the x86
instruction set register encodings.
No functional change intended.
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
---
arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 10 +++---
arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c | 48 +++++++++++++++-----------
tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h | 10 +++---
tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c | 21 ++++++-----
tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c | 36 +++++++++----------
5 files changed, 67 insertions(+), 58 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
index b3cc7970fa54..5837c2bb277f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
@@ -28,16 +28,16 @@
* and GCC realigned stacks.
*/
#define ORC_REG_UNDEFINED 0
-#define ORC_REG_PREV_SP 1
+#define ORC_REG_AX 1
#define ORC_REG_DX 2
-#define ORC_REG_DI 3
+#define ORC_REG_SP 3
#define ORC_REG_BP 4
-#define ORC_REG_SP 5
+#define ORC_REG_DI 5
#define ORC_REG_R10 6
#define ORC_REG_R13 7
-#define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 8
+#define ORC_REG_PREV_SP 8
#define ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT 9
-#define ORC_REG_AX 10
+#define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 10
#define ORC_REG_MAX 15
#define ORC_TYPE_UNDEFINED 0
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
index 32f7e918d3d9..6407bc9256bf 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
@@ -546,25 +546,15 @@ bool unwind_next_frame(struct unwind_state *state)
indirect = true;
break;
- case ORC_REG_R10:
- if (!get_reg(state, offsetof(struct pt_regs, r10), &sp)) {
- orc_warn_current("missing R10 value at %pB\n",
- (void *)state->ip);
- goto err;
- }
- break;
+ /*
+ * Any of the below registers may temporarily hold the stack pointer,
+ * typically during a DRAP stack realignment sequence or some other
+ * stack swizzle.
+ */
- case ORC_REG_R13:
- if (!get_reg(state, offsetof(struct pt_regs, r13), &sp)) {
- orc_warn_current("missing R13 value at %pB\n",
- (void *)state->ip);
- goto err;
- }
- break;
-
- case ORC_REG_DI:
- if (!get_reg(state, offsetof(struct pt_regs, di), &sp)) {
- orc_warn_current("missing RDI value at %pB\n",
+ case ORC_REG_AX:
+ if (!get_reg(state, offsetof(struct pt_regs, ax), &sp)) {
+ orc_warn_current("missing AX value at %pB\n",
(void *)state->ip);
goto err;
}
@@ -578,9 +568,25 @@ bool unwind_next_frame(struct unwind_state *state)
}
break;
- case ORC_REG_AX:
- if (!get_reg(state, offsetof(struct pt_regs, ax), &sp)) {
- orc_warn_current("missing AX value at %pB\n",
+ case ORC_REG_DI:
+ if (!get_reg(state, offsetof(struct pt_regs, di), &sp)) {
+ orc_warn_current("missing RDI value at %pB\n",
+ (void *)state->ip);
+ goto err;
+ }
+ break;
+
+ case ORC_REG_R10:
+ if (!get_reg(state, offsetof(struct pt_regs, r10), &sp)) {
+ orc_warn_current("missing R10 value at %pB\n",
+ (void *)state->ip);
+ goto err;
+ }
+ break;
+
+ case ORC_REG_R13:
+ if (!get_reg(state, offsetof(struct pt_regs, r13), &sp)) {
+ orc_warn_current("missing R13 value at %pB\n",
(void *)state->ip);
goto err;
}
diff --git a/tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h b/tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
index b3cc7970fa54..5837c2bb277f 100644
--- a/tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
+++ b/tools/arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
@@ -28,16 +28,16 @@
* and GCC realigned stacks.
*/
#define ORC_REG_UNDEFINED 0
-#define ORC_REG_PREV_SP 1
+#define ORC_REG_AX 1
#define ORC_REG_DX 2
-#define ORC_REG_DI 3
+#define ORC_REG_SP 3
#define ORC_REG_BP 4
-#define ORC_REG_SP 5
+#define ORC_REG_DI 5
#define ORC_REG_R10 6
#define ORC_REG_R13 7
-#define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 8
+#define ORC_REG_PREV_SP 8
#define ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT 9
-#define ORC_REG_AX 10
+#define ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT 10
#define ORC_REG_MAX 15
#define ORC_TYPE_UNDEFINED 0
diff --git a/tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c b/tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c
index 5931b2393bd8..350b8ee6e776 100644
--- a/tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c
+++ b/tools/objtool/arch/x86/decode.c
@@ -875,14 +875,20 @@ int arch_decode_hint_reg(u8 sp_reg, int *base)
case ORC_REG_UNDEFINED:
*base = CFI_UNDEFINED;
break;
+ case ORC_REG_AX:
+ *base = CFI_AX;
+ break;
+ case ORC_REG_DX:
+ *base = CFI_DX;
+ break;
case ORC_REG_SP:
*base = CFI_SP;
break;
case ORC_REG_BP:
*base = CFI_BP;
break;
- case ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT:
- *base = CFI_SP_INDIRECT;
+ case ORC_REG_DI:
+ *base = CFI_DI;
break;
case ORC_REG_R10:
*base = CFI_R10;
@@ -890,14 +896,11 @@ int arch_decode_hint_reg(u8 sp_reg, int *base)
case ORC_REG_R13:
*base = CFI_R13;
break;
- case ORC_REG_DI:
- *base = CFI_DI;
+ case ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT:
+ *base = CFI_SP_INDIRECT;
break;
- case ORC_REG_DX:
- *base = CFI_DX;
- break;
- case ORC_REG_AX:
- *base = CFI_AX;
+ case ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT:
+ *base = CFI_BP_INDIRECT;
break;
default:
return -1;
diff --git a/tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c b/tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c
index 5494bb450ab5..eff078ecc945 100644
--- a/tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c
+++ b/tools/objtool/arch/x86/orc.c
@@ -46,17 +46,20 @@ int init_orc_entry(struct orc_entry *orc, struct cfi_state *cfi, struct instruct
orc->signal = cfi->signal;
switch (cfi->cfa.base) {
+ case CFI_AX:
+ orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_AX;
+ break;
+ case CFI_DX:
+ orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_DX;
+ break;
case CFI_SP:
orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_SP;
break;
- case CFI_SP_INDIRECT:
- orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT;
- break;
case CFI_BP:
orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_BP;
break;
- case CFI_BP_INDIRECT:
- orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT;
+ case CFI_DI:
+ orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_DI;
break;
case CFI_R10:
orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_R10;
@@ -64,14 +67,11 @@ int init_orc_entry(struct orc_entry *orc, struct cfi_state *cfi, struct instruct
case CFI_R13:
orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_R13;
break;
- case CFI_DI:
- orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_DI;
+ case CFI_SP_INDIRECT:
+ orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT;
break;
- case CFI_DX:
- orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_DX;
- break;
- case CFI_AX:
- orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_AX;
+ case CFI_BP_INDIRECT:
+ orc->sp_reg = ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT;
break;
default:
ERROR_INSN(insn, "unknown CFA base reg %d", cfi->cfa.base);
@@ -125,24 +125,24 @@ static const char *reg_name(unsigned int reg)
switch (reg) {
case ORC_REG_PREV_SP:
return "prevsp";
+ case ORC_REG_AX:
+ return "ax";
case ORC_REG_DX:
return "dx";
- case ORC_REG_DI:
- return "di";
case ORC_REG_BP:
return "bp";
case ORC_REG_SP:
return "sp";
+ case ORC_REG_DI:
+ return "di";
case ORC_REG_R10:
return "r10";
case ORC_REG_R13:
return "r13";
- case ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT:
- return "bp(ind)";
case ORC_REG_SP_INDIRECT:
return "sp(ind)";
- case ORC_REG_AX:
- return "ax";
+ case ORC_REG_BP_INDIRECT:
+ return "bp(ind)";
default:
return "?";
}
--
2.53.0
On Tue, Mar 17, 2026 at 03:44:47PM -0700, Josh Poimboeuf wrote: > Ok, we can add the following on top: > > ---8<--- > > From: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org> > Subject: [PATCH] objtool/x86: Reorder ORC register numbering > > Reorder the ORC register values so their ordering matches the x86 > instruction set register encodings. > > No functional change intended. > > Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> > Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org> Excellent, thanks!
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