[v9] rust: add `register!` macro

[PATCH v9 06/10] rust: io: use generic read/write accessors for primitive accesses

Posted by Alexandre Courbot 2 weeks, 5 days ago

By providing the required `IoLoc` implementations on `usize`, we can
leverage the generic accessors and reduce the number of unsafe blocks in
the module.

This also allows us to directly call the generic `read/write/update`
methods with primitive types, so add examples illustrating this.

Signed-off-by: Alexandre Courbot <acourbot@nvidia.com>
---
 rust/kernel/io.rs | 218 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 1 file changed, 150 insertions(+), 68 deletions(-)

diff --git a/rust/kernel/io.rs b/rust/kernel/io.rs
index e7e32f921efb..c9d43b1372ab 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/io.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/io.rs
@@ -197,6 +197,26 @@ pub trait IoLoc<T> {
     fn offset(self) -> usize;
 }
 
+/// Implements [`IoLoc<$ty>`] for [`usize`], allowing to use `usize` as a parameter of
+/// [`Io::read`] and [`Io::write`].
+macro_rules! impl_usize_ioloc {
+    ($($ty:ty),*) => {
+        $(
+            impl IoLoc<$ty> for usize {
+                type IoType = $ty;
+
+                #[inline(always)]
+                fn offset(self) -> usize {
+                    self
+                }
+            }
+        )*
+    }
+}
+
+// Provide the ability to read any primitive type from a [`usize`].
+impl_usize_ioloc!(u8, u16, u32, u64);
+
 /// Types implementing this trait (e.g. MMIO BARs or PCI config regions)
 /// can perform I/O operations on regions of memory.
 ///
@@ -241,10 +261,7 @@ fn try_read8(&self, offset: usize) -> Result<u8>
     where
         Self: IoCapable<u8>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr::<u8>(offset)?;
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr`.
-        Ok(unsafe { self.io_read(address) })
+        self.try_read(offset)
     }
 
     /// Fallible 16-bit read with runtime bounds check.
@@ -253,10 +270,7 @@ fn try_read16(&self, offset: usize) -> Result<u16>
     where
         Self: IoCapable<u16>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr::<u16>(offset)?;
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr`.
-        Ok(unsafe { self.io_read(address) })
+        self.try_read(offset)
     }
 
     /// Fallible 32-bit read with runtime bounds check.
@@ -265,10 +279,7 @@ fn try_read32(&self, offset: usize) -> Result<u32>
     where
         Self: IoCapable<u32>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr::<u32>(offset)?;
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr`.
-        Ok(unsafe { self.io_read(address) })
+        self.try_read(offset)
     }
 
     /// Fallible 64-bit read with runtime bounds check.
@@ -277,10 +288,7 @@ fn try_read64(&self, offset: usize) -> Result<u64>
     where
         Self: IoCapable<u64>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr::<u64>(offset)?;
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr`.
-        Ok(unsafe { self.io_read(address) })
+        self.try_read(offset)
     }
 
     /// Fallible 8-bit write with runtime bounds check.
@@ -289,11 +297,7 @@ fn try_write8(&self, value: u8, offset: usize) -> Result
     where
         Self: IoCapable<u8>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr::<u8>(offset)?;
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr`.
-        unsafe { self.io_write(value, address) };
-        Ok(())
+        self.try_write(offset, value)
     }
 
     /// Fallible 16-bit write with runtime bounds check.
@@ -302,11 +306,7 @@ fn try_write16(&self, value: u16, offset: usize) -> Result
     where
         Self: IoCapable<u16>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr::<u16>(offset)?;
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr`.
-        unsafe { self.io_write(value, address) };
-        Ok(())
+        self.try_write(offset, value)
     }
 
     /// Fallible 32-bit write with runtime bounds check.
@@ -315,11 +315,7 @@ fn try_write32(&self, value: u32, offset: usize) -> Result
     where
         Self: IoCapable<u32>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr::<u32>(offset)?;
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr`.
-        unsafe { self.io_write(value, address) };
-        Ok(())
+        self.try_write(offset, value)
     }
 
     /// Fallible 64-bit write with runtime bounds check.
@@ -328,11 +324,7 @@ fn try_write64(&self, value: u64, offset: usize) -> Result
     where
         Self: IoCapable<u64>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr::<u64>(offset)?;
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr`.
-        unsafe { self.io_write(value, address) };
-        Ok(())
+        self.try_write(offset, value)
     }
 
     /// Infallible 8-bit read with compile-time bounds check.
@@ -341,10 +333,7 @@ fn read8(&self, offset: usize) -> u8
     where
         Self: IoKnownSize + IoCapable<u8>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr_assert::<u8>(offset);
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr_assert`.
-        unsafe { self.io_read(address) }
+        self.read(offset)
     }
 
     /// Infallible 16-bit read with compile-time bounds check.
@@ -353,10 +342,7 @@ fn read16(&self, offset: usize) -> u16
     where
         Self: IoKnownSize + IoCapable<u16>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr_assert::<u16>(offset);
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr_assert`.
-        unsafe { self.io_read(address) }
+        self.read(offset)
     }
 
     /// Infallible 32-bit read with compile-time bounds check.
@@ -365,10 +351,7 @@ fn read32(&self, offset: usize) -> u32
     where
         Self: IoKnownSize + IoCapable<u32>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr_assert::<u32>(offset);
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr_assert`.
-        unsafe { self.io_read(address) }
+        self.read(offset)
     }
 
     /// Infallible 64-bit read with compile-time bounds check.
@@ -377,10 +360,7 @@ fn read64(&self, offset: usize) -> u64
     where
         Self: IoKnownSize + IoCapable<u64>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr_assert::<u64>(offset);
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr_assert`.
-        unsafe { self.io_read(address) }
+        self.read(offset)
     }
 
     /// Infallible 8-bit write with compile-time bounds check.
@@ -389,10 +369,7 @@ fn write8(&self, value: u8, offset: usize)
     where
         Self: IoKnownSize + IoCapable<u8>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr_assert::<u8>(offset);
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr_assert`.
-        unsafe { self.io_write(value, address) }
+        self.write(offset, value)
     }
 
     /// Infallible 16-bit write with compile-time bounds check.
@@ -401,10 +378,7 @@ fn write16(&self, value: u16, offset: usize)
     where
         Self: IoKnownSize + IoCapable<u16>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr_assert::<u16>(offset);
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr_assert`.
-        unsafe { self.io_write(value, address) }
+        self.write(offset, value)
     }
 
     /// Infallible 32-bit write with compile-time bounds check.
@@ -413,10 +387,7 @@ fn write32(&self, value: u32, offset: usize)
     where
         Self: IoKnownSize + IoCapable<u32>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr_assert::<u32>(offset);
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr_assert`.
-        unsafe { self.io_write(value, address) }
+        self.write(offset, value)
     }
 
     /// Infallible 64-bit write with compile-time bounds check.
@@ -425,13 +396,31 @@ fn write64(&self, value: u64, offset: usize)
     where
         Self: IoKnownSize + IoCapable<u64>,
     {
-        let address = self.io_addr_assert::<u64>(offset);
-
-        // SAFETY: `address` has been validated by `io_addr_assert`.
-        unsafe { self.io_write(value, address) }
+        self.write(offset, value)
     }
 
     /// Generic fallible read with runtime bounds check.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// Read a primitive type from an I/O address:
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use kernel::io::{
+    ///     Io,
+    ///     Mmio,
+    /// };
+    ///
+    /// fn do_reads(io: &Mmio) -> Result {
+    ///     // 32-bit read from address `0x10`.
+    ///     let v: u32 = io.try_read(0x10)?;
+    ///
+    ///     // 8-bit read from address `0xfff`.
+    ///     let v: u8 = io.try_read(0xfff)?;
+    ///
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
     #[inline(always)]
     fn try_read<T, L>(&self, location: L) -> Result<T>
     where
@@ -445,6 +434,27 @@ fn try_read<T, L>(&self, location: L) -> Result<T>
     }
 
     /// Generic fallible write with runtime bounds check.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// Write a primitive type to an I/O address:
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use kernel::io::{
+    ///     Io,
+    ///     Mmio,
+    /// };
+    ///
+    /// fn do_writes(io: &Mmio) -> Result {
+    ///     // 32-bit write of value `1` at address `0x10`.
+    ///     io.try_write(0x10, 1u32)?;
+    ///
+    ///     // 8-bit write of value `0xff` at address `0xfff`.
+    ///     io.try_write(0xfff, 0xffu8)?;
+    ///
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
     #[inline(always)]
     fn try_write<T, L>(&self, location: L, value: T) -> Result
     where
@@ -464,6 +474,23 @@ fn try_write<T, L>(&self, location: L, value: T) -> Result
     ///
     /// Note: this does not perform any synchronization. The caller is responsible for ensuring
     /// exclusive access if required.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// Read the u32 value at address `0x10`, increment it, and store the updated value back:
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use kernel::io::{
+    ///     Io,
+    ///     Mmio,
+    /// };
+    ///
+    /// fn do_update(io: &Mmio<0x1000>) -> Result {
+    ///     io.try_update(0x10, |v: u32| {
+    ///         v + 1
+    ///     })
+    /// }
+    /// ```
     #[inline(always)]
     fn try_update<T, L, F>(&self, location: L, f: F) -> Result
     where
@@ -484,6 +511,25 @@ fn try_update<T, L, F>(&self, location: L, f: F) -> Result
     }
 
     /// Generic infallible read with compile-time bounds check.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// Read a primitive type from an I/O address:
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use kernel::io::{
+    ///     Io,
+    ///     Mmio,
+    /// };
+    ///
+    /// fn do_reads(io: &Mmio<0x1000>) {
+    ///     // 32-bit read from address `0x10`.
+    ///     let v: u32 = io.read(0x10);
+    ///
+    ///     // 8-bit read from the top of the I/O space.
+    ///     let v: u8 = io.read(0xfff);
+    /// }
+    /// ```
     #[inline(always)]
     fn read<T, L>(&self, location: L) -> T
     where
@@ -497,6 +543,25 @@ fn read<T, L>(&self, location: L) -> T
     }
 
     /// Generic infallible write with compile-time bounds check.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// Write a primitive type to an I/O address:
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use kernel::io::{
+    ///     Io,
+    ///     Mmio,
+    /// };
+    ///
+    /// fn do_writes(io: &Mmio<0x1000>) {
+    ///     // 32-bit write of value `1` at address `0x10`.
+    ///     io.write(0x10, 1u32);
+    ///
+    ///     // 8-bit write of value `0xff` at the top of the I/O space.
+    ///     io.write(0xfff, 0xffu8);
+    /// }
+    /// ```
     #[inline(always)]
     fn write<T, L>(&self, location: L, value: T)
     where
@@ -514,6 +579,23 @@ fn write<T, L>(&self, location: L, value: T)
     ///
     /// Note: this does not perform any synchronization. The caller is responsible for ensuring
     /// exclusive access if required.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// Read the u32 value at address `0x10`, increment it, and store the updated value back:
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use kernel::io::{
+    ///     Io,
+    ///     Mmio,
+    /// };
+    ///
+    /// fn do_update(io: &Mmio<0x1000>) {
+    ///     io.update(0x10, |v: u32| {
+    ///         v + 1
+    ///     })
+    /// }
+    /// ```
     #[inline(always)]
     fn update<T, L, F>(&self, location: L, f: F)
     where

-- 
2.53.0

Re: [PATCH v9 06/10] rust: io: use generic read/write accessors for primitive accesses

Posted by Gary Guo 2 weeks, 5 days ago

On Sat Mar 14, 2026 at 1:06 AM GMT, Alexandre Courbot wrote:
> By providing the required `IoLoc` implementations on `usize`, we can
> leverage the generic accessors and reduce the number of unsafe blocks in
> the module.
> 
> This also allows us to directly call the generic `read/write/update`
> methods with primitive types, so add examples illustrating this.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Alexandre Courbot <acourbot@nvidia.com>

Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>

> ---
>  rust/kernel/io.rs | 218 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
>  1 file changed, 150 insertions(+), 68 deletions(-)

[PATCH v9 01/10] rust: enable the `generic_arg_infer` feature
[PATCH v9 02/10] rust: num: add `shr` and `shl` methods to `Bounded`
[PATCH v9 03/10] rust: num: add `into_bool` method to `Bounded`
[PATCH v9 04/10] rust: num: make Bounded::get const
[PATCH v9 05/10] rust: io: add IoLoc type and generic I/O accessors
[PATCH v9 06/10] rust: io: use generic read/write accessors for primitive accesses
[PATCH v9 07/10] rust: io: add `register!` macro
[PATCH v9 08/10] rust: io: introduce `write_reg` and `LocatedRegister`
[PATCH v9 09/10] sample: rust: pci: use `register!` macro
[PATCH FOR REFERENCE v9 10/10] gpu: nova-core: use the kernel `register!` macro