The auxiliary device registration was using a hardcoded ID of 0, which
caused probe() to fail on multi-GPU systems with:

   sysfs: cannot create duplicate filename '/bus/auxiliary/devices/NovaCore.nova-drm.0'

Fix this by using an LKMM atomic counter to generate unique IDs for each
GPU's aux device registration. The TODO item to eventually use XArray
for recycling aux device IDs is retained (and modified slightly: IDA
might be better) but for now, this works very nicely.

This has the side effect of making debugfs[1] work on multi-GPU systems.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/20260203224757.871729-1-ttabi@nvidia.com

Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
Cc: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Signed-off-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
---
 drivers/gpu/nova-core/driver.rs | 14 +++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

Changes in v2:

* Use LKMM atomics (kernel::sync::atomic::Atomic<u32>) instead of Rust
  standard library atomics (core::sync::atomic::AtomicU32).

* Fix vertical import formatting (add rustfmt guard comment).

* Remove stray "we" from TODO comment.


diff --git a/drivers/gpu/nova-core/driver.rs b/drivers/gpu/nova-core/driver.rs
index 5a4cc047bcfc..eec8871aa6a5 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/nova-core/driver.rs
+++ b/drivers/gpu/nova-core/driver.rs
@@ -14,11 +14,18 @@
     },
     prelude::*,
     sizes::SZ_16M,
+    sync::atomic::{
+        Atomic,
+        Relaxed, //
+    },
     sync::Arc, //
 };
 
 use crate::gpu::Gpu;
 
+/// Counter for generating unique auxiliary device IDs.
+static AUXILIARY_ID_COUNTER: Atomic<u32> = Atomic::new(0);
+
 #[pin_data]
 pub(crate) struct NovaCore {
     #[pin]
@@ -85,12 +92,17 @@ fn probe(pdev: &pci::Device<Core>, _info: &Self::IdInfo) -> impl PinInit<Self, E
                 GFP_KERNEL,
             )?;
 
+            // TODO[XARR]: Use XArray or perhaps IDA for proper ID allocation/recycling. For now,
+            // use a simple atomic counter that never recycles IDs. A unique ID is required for
+            // multi-GPU systems; without it, probe() fails for all but the first GPU.
+            let aux_id = AUXILIARY_ID_COUNTER.fetch_add(1, Relaxed);
+
             Ok(try_pin_init!(Self {
                 gpu <- Gpu::new(pdev, bar.clone(), bar.access(pdev.as_ref())?),
                 _reg <- auxiliary::Registration::new(
                     pdev.as_ref(),
                     c"nova-drm",
-                    0, // TODO[XARR]: Once it lands, use XArray; for now we don't use the ID.
+                    aux_id,
                     crate::MODULE_NAME
                 ),
             }))

base-commit: 9845cf73f7db6094c0d8419d6adb848028f4a921
-- 
2.53.0

On Thu Feb 5, 2026 at 10:17 PM GMT, John Hubbard wrote:
> The auxiliary device registration was using a hardcoded ID of 0, which
> caused probe() to fail on multi-GPU systems with:
> 
>    sysfs: cannot create duplicate filename '/bus/auxiliary/devices/NovaCore.nova-drm.0'
> 
> Fix this by using an LKMM atomic counter to generate unique IDs for each
> GPU's aux device registration. The TODO item to eventually use XArray
> for recycling aux device IDs is retained (and modified slightly: IDA
> might be better) but for now, this works very nicely.
> 
> This has the side effect of making debugfs[1] work on multi-GPU systems.
> 
> [1] https://lore.kernel.org/20260203224757.871729-1-ttabi@nvidia.com
> 
> Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
> Cc: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
> Signed-off-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>

Reviewed-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>

> ---
>  drivers/gpu/nova-core/driver.rs | 14 +++++++++++++-
>  1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> 
> Changes in v2:
> 
> * Use LKMM atomics (kernel::sync::atomic::Atomic<u32>) instead of Rust
>   standard library atomics (core::sync::atomic::AtomicU32).
> 
> * Fix vertical import formatting (add rustfmt guard comment).
> 
> * Remove stray "we" from TODO comment.
>