This patch introduces four new helper functions to abstract the
management of the panic_cpu variable. These functions will be used in
subsequent patches to refactor existing code.
The direct use of panic_cpu can be error-prone and ambiguous, as it
requires manual checks to determine which CPU is handling the panic.
The new helpers clarify intent:
panic_try_start():
Atomically sets the current CPU as the panicking CPU.
panic_reset():
Reset panic_cpu to PANIC_CPU_INVALID.
panic_in_progress():
Checks if a panic has been triggered.
panic_on_this_cpu():
Returns true if the current CPU is the panic originator.
panic_on_other_cpu():
Returns true if a panic is on another CPU.
This change lays the groundwork for improved code readability
and robustness in the panic handling subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Jinchao Wang <wangjinchao600@gmail.com>
---
include/linux/panic.h | 6 +++++
kernel/panic.c | 53 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
kernel/printk/printk.c | 5 ----
3 files changed, 59 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/panic.h b/include/linux/panic.h
index 7be742628c25..6f972a66c13e 100644
--- a/include/linux/panic.h
+++ b/include/linux/panic.h
@@ -43,6 +43,12 @@ void abort(void);
extern atomic_t panic_cpu;
#define PANIC_CPU_INVALID -1
+bool panic_try_start(void);
+void panic_reset(void);
+bool panic_in_progress(void);
+bool panic_on_this_cpu(void);
+bool panic_on_other_cpu(void);
+
/*
* Only to be used by arch init code. If the user over-wrote the default
* CONFIG_PANIC_TIMEOUT, honor it.
diff --git a/kernel/panic.c b/kernel/panic.c
index 72fcbb5a071b..eacb0c972110 100644
--- a/kernel/panic.c
+++ b/kernel/panic.c
@@ -294,6 +294,59 @@ void __weak crash_smp_send_stop(void)
atomic_t panic_cpu = ATOMIC_INIT(PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
+bool panic_try_start(void)
+{
+ int old_cpu, this_cpu;
+
+ /*
+ * Only one CPU is allowed to execute the crash_kexec() code as with
+ * panic(). Otherwise parallel calls of panic() and crash_kexec()
+ * may stop each other. To exclude them, we use panic_cpu here too.
+ */
+ old_cpu = PANIC_CPU_INVALID;
+ this_cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
+
+ return atomic_try_cmpxchg(&panic_cpu, &old_cpu, this_cpu);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_try_start);
+
+void panic_reset(void)
+{
+ atomic_set(&panic_cpu, PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_reset);
+
+bool panic_in_progress(void)
+{
+ return unlikely(atomic_read(&panic_cpu) != PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_in_progress);
+
+/* Return true if a panic is in progress on the current CPU. */
+bool panic_on_this_cpu(void)
+{
+ /*
+ * We can use raw_smp_processor_id() here because it is impossible for
+ * the task to be migrated to the panic_cpu, or away from it. If
+ * panic_cpu has already been set, and we're not currently executing on
+ * that CPU, then we never will be.
+ */
+ return unlikely(atomic_read(&panic_cpu) == raw_smp_processor_id());
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_on_this_cpu);
+
+/*
+ * Return true if a panic is in progress on a remote CPU.
+ *
+ * On true, the local CPU should immediately release any printing resources
+ * that may be needed by the panic CPU.
+ */
+bool panic_on_other_cpu(void)
+{
+ return (panic_in_progress() && !this_cpu_in_panic());
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_on_other_cpu);
+
/*
* A variant of panic() called from NMI context. We return if we've already
* panicked on this CPU. If another CPU already panicked, loop in
diff --git a/kernel/printk/printk.c b/kernel/printk/printk.c
index 0efbcdda9aab..5fe35f377b79 100644
--- a/kernel/printk/printk.c
+++ b/kernel/printk/printk.c
@@ -345,11 +345,6 @@ static void __up_console_sem(unsigned long ip)
}
#define up_console_sem() __up_console_sem(_RET_IP_)
-static bool panic_in_progress(void)
-{
- return unlikely(atomic_read(&panic_cpu) != PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
-}
-
/* Return true if a panic is in progress on the current CPU. */
bool this_cpu_in_panic(void)
{
--
2.43.0On Mon 2025-08-25 10:29:29, Jinchao Wang wrote:
> This patch introduces four new helper functions to abstract the
> management of the panic_cpu variable. These functions will be used in
> subsequent patches to refactor existing code.
>
> The direct use of panic_cpu can be error-prone and ambiguous, as it
> requires manual checks to determine which CPU is handling the panic.
> The new helpers clarify intent:
>
> panic_try_start():
> Atomically sets the current CPU as the panicking CPU.
>
> panic_reset():
> Reset panic_cpu to PANIC_CPU_INVALID.
>
> panic_in_progress():
> Checks if a panic has been triggered.
>
> panic_on_this_cpu():
> Returns true if the current CPU is the panic originator.
>
> panic_on_other_cpu():
> Returns true if a panic is on another CPU.
>
> This change lays the groundwork for improved code readability
> and robustness in the panic handling subsystem.
>
> Signed-off-by: Jinchao Wang <wangjinchao600@gmail.com>
> ---
> include/linux/panic.h | 6 +++++
> kernel/panic.c | 53 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> kernel/printk/printk.c | 5 ----
> 3 files changed, 59 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/panic.h b/include/linux/panic.h
> index 7be742628c25..6f972a66c13e 100644
> --- a/include/linux/panic.h
> +++ b/include/linux/panic.h
> @@ -43,6 +43,12 @@ void abort(void);
> extern atomic_t panic_cpu;
> #define PANIC_CPU_INVALID -1
>
> +bool panic_try_start(void);
> +void panic_reset(void);
> +bool panic_in_progress(void);
> +bool panic_on_this_cpu(void);
> +bool panic_on_other_cpu(void);
> +
> /*
> * Only to be used by arch init code. If the user over-wrote the default
> * CONFIG_PANIC_TIMEOUT, honor it.
> diff --git a/kernel/panic.c b/kernel/panic.c
> index 72fcbb5a071b..eacb0c972110 100644
> --- a/kernel/panic.c
> +++ b/kernel/panic.c
> @@ -294,6 +294,59 @@ void __weak crash_smp_send_stop(void)
>
> atomic_t panic_cpu = ATOMIC_INIT(PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
>
> +bool panic_try_start(void)
> +{
> + int old_cpu, this_cpu;
> +
> + /*
> + * Only one CPU is allowed to execute the crash_kexec() code as with
> + * panic(). Otherwise parallel calls of panic() and crash_kexec()
> + * may stop each other. To exclude them, we use panic_cpu here too.
> + */
> + old_cpu = PANIC_CPU_INVALID;
> + this_cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
> +
> + return atomic_try_cmpxchg(&panic_cpu, &old_cpu, this_cpu);
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_try_start);
> +
> +void panic_reset(void)
> +{
> + atomic_set(&panic_cpu, PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_reset);
> +
> +bool panic_in_progress(void)
> +{
> + return unlikely(atomic_read(&panic_cpu) != PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_in_progress);
> +
> +/* Return true if a panic is in progress on the current CPU. */
> +bool panic_on_this_cpu(void)
> +{
> + /*
> + * We can use raw_smp_processor_id() here because it is impossible for
> + * the task to be migrated to the panic_cpu, or away from it. If
> + * panic_cpu has already been set, and we're not currently executing on
> + * that CPU, then we never will be.
> + */
> + return unlikely(atomic_read(&panic_cpu) == raw_smp_processor_id());
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_on_this_cpu);
> +
> +/*
> + * Return true if a panic is in progress on a remote CPU.
> + *
> + * On true, the local CPU should immediately release any printing resources
> + * that may be needed by the panic CPU.
> + */
> +bool panic_on_other_cpu(void)
> +{
> + return (panic_in_progress() && !this_cpu_in_panic());
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_on_other_cpu);
> +
> /*
> * A variant of panic() called from NMI context. We return if we've already
> * panicked on this CPU. If another CPU already panicked, loop in
> diff --git a/kernel/printk/printk.c b/kernel/printk/printk.c
> index 0efbcdda9aab..5fe35f377b79 100644
> --- a/kernel/printk/printk.c
> +++ b/kernel/printk/printk.c
> @@ -345,11 +345,6 @@ static void __up_console_sem(unsigned long ip)
> }
> #define up_console_sem() __up_console_sem(_RET_IP_)
>
> -static bool panic_in_progress(void)
> -{
> - return unlikely(atomic_read(&panic_cpu) != PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
> -}
> -
> /* Return true if a panic is in progress on the current CPU. */
> bool this_cpu_in_panic(void)
> {
All the functions are trivial. It would make sense to define
them in linux/panic.h. Then the callers would benefit
from the (unlikely) prediction macro...
It can be done in a followup path.
Otherwise, the patch looks good. I think that it is too late
but feel free to use:
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Best Regards,
Petr
On Tue, Sep 16, 2025 at 11:57:11AM +0200, Petr Mladek wrote:
> On Mon 2025-08-25 10:29:29, Jinchao Wang wrote:
> > This patch introduces four new helper functions to abstract the
> > management of the panic_cpu variable. These functions will be used in
> > subsequent patches to refactor existing code.
> >
> > The direct use of panic_cpu can be error-prone and ambiguous, as it
> > requires manual checks to determine which CPU is handling the panic.
> > The new helpers clarify intent:
> >
> > panic_try_start():
> > Atomically sets the current CPU as the panicking CPU.
> >
> > panic_reset():
> > Reset panic_cpu to PANIC_CPU_INVALID.
> >
> > panic_in_progress():
> > Checks if a panic has been triggered.
> >
> > panic_on_this_cpu():
> > Returns true if the current CPU is the panic originator.
> >
> > panic_on_other_cpu():
> > Returns true if a panic is on another CPU.
> >
> > This change lays the groundwork for improved code readability
> > and robustness in the panic handling subsystem.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Jinchao Wang <wangjinchao600@gmail.com>
> > ---
> > include/linux/panic.h | 6 +++++
> > kernel/panic.c | 53 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> > kernel/printk/printk.c | 5 ----
> > 3 files changed, 59 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/include/linux/panic.h b/include/linux/panic.h
> > index 7be742628c25..6f972a66c13e 100644
> > --- a/include/linux/panic.h
> > +++ b/include/linux/panic.h
> > @@ -43,6 +43,12 @@ void abort(void);
> > extern atomic_t panic_cpu;
> > #define PANIC_CPU_INVALID -1
> >
> > +bool panic_try_start(void);
> > +void panic_reset(void);
> > +bool panic_in_progress(void);
> > +bool panic_on_this_cpu(void);
> > +bool panic_on_other_cpu(void);
> > +
> > /*
> > * Only to be used by arch init code. If the user over-wrote the default
> > * CONFIG_PANIC_TIMEOUT, honor it.
> > diff --git a/kernel/panic.c b/kernel/panic.c
> > index 72fcbb5a071b..eacb0c972110 100644
> > --- a/kernel/panic.c
> > +++ b/kernel/panic.c
> > @@ -294,6 +294,59 @@ void __weak crash_smp_send_stop(void)
> >
> > atomic_t panic_cpu = ATOMIC_INIT(PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
> >
> > +bool panic_try_start(void)
> > +{
> > + int old_cpu, this_cpu;
> > +
> > + /*
> > + * Only one CPU is allowed to execute the crash_kexec() code as with
> > + * panic(). Otherwise parallel calls of panic() and crash_kexec()
> > + * may stop each other. To exclude them, we use panic_cpu here too.
> > + */
> > + old_cpu = PANIC_CPU_INVALID;
> > + this_cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
> > +
> > + return atomic_try_cmpxchg(&panic_cpu, &old_cpu, this_cpu);
> > +}
> > +EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_try_start);
> > +
> > +void panic_reset(void)
> > +{
> > + atomic_set(&panic_cpu, PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
> > +}
> > +EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_reset);
> > +
> > +bool panic_in_progress(void)
> > +{
> > + return unlikely(atomic_read(&panic_cpu) != PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
> > +}
> > +EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_in_progress);
> > +
> > +/* Return true if a panic is in progress on the current CPU. */
> > +bool panic_on_this_cpu(void)
> > +{
> > + /*
> > + * We can use raw_smp_processor_id() here because it is impossible for
> > + * the task to be migrated to the panic_cpu, or away from it. If
> > + * panic_cpu has already been set, and we're not currently executing on
> > + * that CPU, then we never will be.
> > + */
> > + return unlikely(atomic_read(&panic_cpu) == raw_smp_processor_id());
> > +}
> > +EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_on_this_cpu);
> > +
> > +/*
> > + * Return true if a panic is in progress on a remote CPU.
> > + *
> > + * On true, the local CPU should immediately release any printing resources
> > + * that may be needed by the panic CPU.
> > + */
> > +bool panic_on_other_cpu(void)
> > +{
> > + return (panic_in_progress() && !this_cpu_in_panic());
> > +}
> > +EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_on_other_cpu);
> > +
> > /*
> > * A variant of panic() called from NMI context. We return if we've already
> > * panicked on this CPU. If another CPU already panicked, loop in
> > diff --git a/kernel/printk/printk.c b/kernel/printk/printk.c
> > index 0efbcdda9aab..5fe35f377b79 100644
> > --- a/kernel/printk/printk.c
> > +++ b/kernel/printk/printk.c
> > @@ -345,11 +345,6 @@ static void __up_console_sem(unsigned long ip)
> > }
> > #define up_console_sem() __up_console_sem(_RET_IP_)
> >
> > -static bool panic_in_progress(void)
> > -{
> > - return unlikely(atomic_read(&panic_cpu) != PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
> > -}
> > -
> > /* Return true if a panic is in progress on the current CPU. */
> > bool this_cpu_in_panic(void)
> > {
>
> All the functions are trivial. It would make sense to define
> them in linux/panic.h. Then the callers would benefit
> from the (unlikely) prediction macro...
>
> It can be done in a followup path.
Thanks for feedback, I will do it later.
BTW, this series was merged to -mm branch already.
>
> Otherwise, the patch looks good. I think that it is too late
> but feel free to use:
>
> Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
>
> Best Regards,
> Petr
--
Jinchao
© 2016 - 2025 Red Hat, Inc.