[PATCH v4 2/2] rust: lockdep: Use Pin for all LockClassKey usages

Mitchell Levy posted 2 patches 10 months, 1 week ago
[PATCH v4 2/2] rust: lockdep: Use Pin for all LockClassKey usages
Posted by Mitchell Levy 10 months, 1 week ago
Reintroduce dynamically-allocated LockClassKeys such that they are
automatically (de)registered. Require that all usages of LockClassKeys
ensure that they are Pin'd.

Currently, only `'static` LockClassKeys are supported, so Pin is
redundant. However, it is intended that dynamically-allocated
LockClassKeys will eventually be supported, so using Pin from the outset
will make that change simpler.

Closes: https://github.com/Rust-for-Linux/linux/issues/1102
Suggested-by: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin@proton.me>
Suggested-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mitchell Levy <levymitchell0@gmail.com>
---
 rust/helpers/helpers.c          |  1 +
 rust/helpers/sync.c             | 13 ++++++++++
 rust/kernel/sync.rs             | 57 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs     |  5 ++--
 rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs        |  9 +++----
 rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs |  5 ++--
 rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs        |  2 +-
 rust/kernel/workqueue.rs        |  2 +-
 8 files changed, 78 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/rust/helpers/helpers.c b/rust/helpers/helpers.c
index 0640b7e115be..4c1a10a419cf 100644
--- a/rust/helpers/helpers.c
+++ b/rust/helpers/helpers.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "signal.c"
 #include "slab.c"
 #include "spinlock.c"
+#include "sync.c"
 #include "task.c"
 #include "uaccess.c"
 #include "vmalloc.c"
diff --git a/rust/helpers/sync.c b/rust/helpers/sync.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ff7e68b48810
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/helpers/sync.c
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+#include <linux/lockdep.h>
+
+void rust_helper_lockdep_register_key(struct lock_class_key *k)
+{
+	lockdep_register_key(k);
+}
+
+void rust_helper_lockdep_unregister_key(struct lock_class_key *k)
+{
+	lockdep_unregister_key(k);
+}
diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync.rs b/rust/kernel/sync.rs
index 16eab9138b2b..4104bc26471a 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/sync.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/sync.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 //! This module contains the kernel APIs related to synchronisation that have been ported or
 //! wrapped for usage by Rust code in the kernel.
 
+use crate::pin_init;
+use crate::prelude::*;
 use crate::types::Opaque;
 
 mod arc;
@@ -23,15 +25,64 @@
 
 /// Represents a lockdep class. It's a wrapper around C's `lock_class_key`.
 #[repr(transparent)]
-pub struct LockClassKey(Opaque<bindings::lock_class_key>);
+#[pin_data(PinnedDrop)]
+pub struct LockClassKey {
+    #[pin]
+    inner: Opaque<bindings::lock_class_key>,
+}
 
 // SAFETY: `bindings::lock_class_key` is designed to be used concurrently from multiple threads and
 // provides its own synchronization.
 unsafe impl Sync for LockClassKey {}
 
 impl LockClassKey {
+    /// Initializes a dynamically allocated lock class key. In the common case of using a
+    /// statically allocated lock class key, the static_lock_class! macro should be used instead.
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    /// ```
+    /// # use kernel::{c_str, stack_pin_init};
+    /// # use kernel::alloc::KBox;
+    /// # use kernel::types::ForeignOwnable;
+    /// # use kernel::sync::{LockClassKey, SpinLock};
+    ///
+    /// let key = KBox::pin_init(LockClassKey::new_dynamic(), GFP_KERNEL)?;
+    /// let key_ptr = key.into_foreign();
+    ///
+    /// {
+    ///     stack_pin_init!(let num: SpinLock<u32> = SpinLock::new(
+    ///         0,
+    ///         c_str!("my_spinlock"),
+    ///         // SAFETY: `key_ptr` is returned by the above `into_foreign()`, whose
+    ///         // `from_foreign()` has not yet been called.
+    ///         unsafe { <Pin<KBox<LockClassKey>> as ForeignOwnable>::borrow(key_ptr) }
+    ///     ));
+    /// }
+    ///
+    /// // SAFETY: We dropped `num`, the only use of the key, so the result of the previous
+    /// // `borrow` has also been dropped. Thus, it's safe to use from_foreign.
+    /// unsafe { drop(<Pin<KBox<LockClassKey>> as ForeignOwnable>::from_foreign(key_ptr)) };
+    ///
+    /// # Ok::<(), Error>(())
+    /// ```
+    pub fn new_dynamic() -> impl PinInit<Self> {
+        pin_init!(Self {
+            // SAFETY: lockdep_register_key expects an uninitialized block of memory
+            inner <- Opaque::ffi_init(|slot| unsafe { bindings::lockdep_register_key(slot) })
+        })
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn as_ptr(&self) -> *mut bindings::lock_class_key {
-        self.0.get()
+        self.inner.get()
+    }
+}
+
+#[pinned_drop]
+impl PinnedDrop for LockClassKey {
+    fn drop(self: Pin<&mut Self>) {
+        // SAFETY: self.as_ptr was registered with lockdep and self is pinned, so the address
+        // hasn't changed. Thus, it's safe to pass to unregister.
+        unsafe { bindings::lockdep_unregister_key(self.as_ptr()) }
     }
 }
 
@@ -44,7 +95,7 @@ macro_rules! static_lock_class {
             // SAFETY: lockdep expects uninitialized memory when it's handed a statically allocated
             // lock_class_key
             unsafe { ::core::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit().assume_init() };
-        &CLASS
+        $crate::prelude::Pin::static_ref(&CLASS)
     }};
 }
 
diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs
index 7df565038d7d..29289ccf55cc 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs
@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@
     time::Jiffies,
     types::Opaque,
 };
-use core::marker::PhantomPinned;
-use core::ptr;
+use core::{marker::PhantomPinned, pin::Pin, ptr};
 use macros::pin_data;
 
 /// Creates a [`CondVar`] initialiser with the given name and a newly-created lock class.
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ unsafe impl Sync for CondVar {}
 
 impl CondVar {
     /// Constructs a new condvar initialiser.
-    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: &'static LockClassKey) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
+    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: Pin<&'static LockClassKey>) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
         pin_init!(Self {
             _pin: PhantomPinned,
             // SAFETY: `slot` is valid while the closure is called and both `name` and `key` have
diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
index eb80048e0110..6dafe338bbc7 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
@@ -7,12 +7,9 @@
 
 use super::LockClassKey;
 use crate::{
-    init::PinInit,
-    pin_init,
-    str::CStr,
-    types::{NotThreadSafe, Opaque, ScopeGuard},
+    init::PinInit, pin_init, str::CStr, types::NotThreadSafe, types::Opaque, types::ScopeGuard,
 };
-use core::{cell::UnsafeCell, marker::PhantomPinned};
+use core::{cell::UnsafeCell, marker::PhantomPinned, pin::Pin};
 use macros::pin_data;
 
 pub mod mutex;
@@ -129,7 +126,7 @@ unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Send, B: Backend> Sync for Lock<T, B> {}
 
 impl<T, B: Backend> Lock<T, B> {
     /// Constructs a new lock initialiser.
-    pub fn new(t: T, name: &'static CStr, key: &'static LockClassKey) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
+    pub fn new(t: T, name: &'static CStr, key: Pin<&'static LockClassKey>) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
         pin_init!(Self {
             data: UnsafeCell::new(t),
             _pin: PhantomPinned,
diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs
index 480ee724e3cc..d65f94b5caf2 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 use core::{
     cell::UnsafeCell,
     marker::{PhantomData, PhantomPinned},
+    pin::Pin,
 };
 
 /// Trait implemented for marker types for global locks.
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ pub trait GlobalLockBackend {
     /// The backend used for this global lock.
     type Backend: Backend + 'static;
     /// The class for this global lock.
-    fn get_lock_class() -> &'static LockClassKey;
+    fn get_lock_class() -> Pin<&'static LockClassKey>;
 }
 
 /// Type used for global locks.
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ impl $crate::sync::lock::GlobalLockBackend for $name {
             type Item = $valuety;
             type Backend = $crate::global_lock_inner!(backend $kind);
 
-            fn get_lock_class() -> &'static $crate::sync::LockClassKey {
+            fn get_lock_class() -> Pin<&'static $crate::sync::LockClassKey> {
                 $crate::static_lock_class!()
             }
         }
diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs
index d5f17153b424..c4934f82d68b 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ pub struct PollCondVar {
 
 impl PollCondVar {
     /// Constructs a new condvar initialiser.
-    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: &'static LockClassKey) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
+    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: Pin<&'static LockClassKey>) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
         pin_init!(Self {
             inner <- CondVar::new(name, key),
         })
diff --git a/rust/kernel/workqueue.rs b/rust/kernel/workqueue.rs
index 0cd100d2aefb..6b6f3ad08951 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/workqueue.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/workqueue.rs
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ unsafe impl<T: ?Sized, const ID: u64> Sync for Work<T, ID> {}
 impl<T: ?Sized, const ID: u64> Work<T, ID> {
     /// Creates a new instance of [`Work`].
     #[inline]
-    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: &'static LockClassKey) -> impl PinInit<Self>
+    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: Pin<&'static LockClassKey>) -> impl PinInit<Self>
     where
         T: WorkItem<ID>,
     {

-- 
2.34.1
Re: [PATCH v4 2/2] rust: lockdep: Use Pin for all LockClassKey usages
Posted by Benno Lossin 10 months, 1 week ago
On 08.02.25 01:39, Mitchell Levy wrote:
> Reintroduce dynamically-allocated LockClassKeys such that they are
> automatically (de)registered. Require that all usages of LockClassKeys
> ensure that they are Pin'd.
> 
> Currently, only `'static` LockClassKeys are supported, so Pin is
> redundant. However, it is intended that dynamically-allocated
> LockClassKeys will eventually be supported, so using Pin from the outset
> will make that change simpler.
> 
> Closes: https://github.com/Rust-for-Linux/linux/issues/1102
> Suggested-by: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin@proton.me>
> Suggested-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
> Signed-off-by: Mitchell Levy <levymitchell0@gmail.com>

One nit below, but it's fine.

Reviewed-by: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin@proton.me>

> ---
>  rust/helpers/helpers.c          |  1 +
>  rust/helpers/sync.c             | 13 ++++++++++
>  rust/kernel/sync.rs             | 57 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
>  rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs     |  5 ++--
>  rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs        |  9 +++----
>  rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs |  5 ++--
>  rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs        |  2 +-
>  rust/kernel/workqueue.rs        |  2 +-
>  8 files changed, 78 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

[...]

> diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
> index eb80048e0110..6dafe338bbc7 100644
> --- a/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
> +++ b/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
> @@ -7,12 +7,9 @@
> 
>  use super::LockClassKey;
>  use crate::{
> -    init::PinInit,
> -    pin_init,
> -    str::CStr,
> -    types::{NotThreadSafe, Opaque, ScopeGuard},
> +    init::PinInit, pin_init, str::CStr, types::NotThreadSafe, types::Opaque, types::ScopeGuard,

Why does this change exist? I prefer imports to be merged.

---
Cheers,
Benno

>  };
> -use core::{cell::UnsafeCell, marker::PhantomPinned};
> +use core::{cell::UnsafeCell, marker::PhantomPinned, pin::Pin};
>  use macros::pin_data;
> 
>  pub mod mutex;
> @@ -129,7 +126,7 @@ unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Send, B: Backend> Sync for Lock<T, B> {}
> 
>  impl<T, B: Backend> Lock<T, B> {
>      /// Constructs a new lock initialiser.
> -    pub fn new(t: T, name: &'static CStr, key: &'static LockClassKey) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
> +    pub fn new(t: T, name: &'static CStr, key: Pin<&'static LockClassKey>) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
>          pin_init!(Self {
>              data: UnsafeCell::new(t),
>              _pin: PhantomPinned,
Re: [PATCH v4 2/2] rust: lockdep: Use Pin for all LockClassKey usages
Posted by Boqun Feng 10 months, 1 week ago
On Sun, Feb 09, 2025 at 09:57:00AM +0000, Benno Lossin wrote:
> On 08.02.25 01:39, Mitchell Levy wrote:
> > Reintroduce dynamically-allocated LockClassKeys such that they are
> > automatically (de)registered. Require that all usages of LockClassKeys
> > ensure that they are Pin'd.
> > 
> > Currently, only `'static` LockClassKeys are supported, so Pin is
> > redundant. However, it is intended that dynamically-allocated
> > LockClassKeys will eventually be supported, so using Pin from the outset
> > will make that change simpler.
> > 
> > Closes: https://github.com/Rust-for-Linux/linux/issues/1102
> > Suggested-by: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin@proton.me>
> > Suggested-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
> > Signed-off-by: Mitchell Levy <levymitchell0@gmail.com>
> 
> One nit below, but it's fine.
> 
> Reviewed-by: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin@proton.me>
> 

Thank you both!

> > ---
> >  rust/helpers/helpers.c          |  1 +
> >  rust/helpers/sync.c             | 13 ++++++++++
> >  rust/kernel/sync.rs             | 57 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
> >  rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs     |  5 ++--
> >  rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs        |  9 +++----
> >  rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs |  5 ++--
> >  rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs        |  2 +-
> >  rust/kernel/workqueue.rs        |  2 +-
> >  8 files changed, 78 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
> 
> [...]
> 
> > diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
> > index eb80048e0110..6dafe338bbc7 100644
> > --- a/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
> > +++ b/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
> > @@ -7,12 +7,9 @@
> > 
> >  use super::LockClassKey;
> >  use crate::{
> > -    init::PinInit,
> > -    pin_init,
> > -    str::CStr,
> > -    types::{NotThreadSafe, Opaque, ScopeGuard},
> > +    init::PinInit, pin_init, str::CStr, types::NotThreadSafe, types::Opaque, types::ScopeGuard,
> 
> Why does this change exist? I prefer imports to be merged.
> 

Agreed. Queued with this change reverted.

Regards,
Boqun

> ---
> Cheers,
> Benno
> 
> >  };
> > -use core::{cell::UnsafeCell, marker::PhantomPinned};
> > +use core::{cell::UnsafeCell, marker::PhantomPinned, pin::Pin};
> >  use macros::pin_data;
> > 
> >  pub mod mutex;
> > @@ -129,7 +126,7 @@ unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Send, B: Backend> Sync for Lock<T, B> {}
> > 
> >  impl<T, B: Backend> Lock<T, B> {
> >      /// Constructs a new lock initialiser.
> > -    pub fn new(t: T, name: &'static CStr, key: &'static LockClassKey) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
> > +    pub fn new(t: T, name: &'static CStr, key: Pin<&'static LockClassKey>) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
> >          pin_init!(Self {
> >              data: UnsafeCell::new(t),
> >              _pin: PhantomPinned,
>
[tip: locking/core] rust: lockdep: Use Pin for all LockClassKey usages
Posted by tip-bot2 for Mitchell Levy 9 months, 2 weeks ago
The following commit has been merged into the locking/core branch of tip:

Commit-ID:     3b5b307cf84ca3a73abe797df31e0efe897411a9
Gitweb:        https://git.kernel.org/tip/3b5b307cf84ca3a73abe797df31e0efe897411a9
Author:        Mitchell Levy <levymitchell0@gmail.com>
AuthorDate:    Fri, 07 Feb 2025 16:39:09 -08:00
Committer:     Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
CommitterDate: Tue, 25 Feb 2025 08:53:08 -08:00

rust: lockdep: Use Pin for all LockClassKey usages

Reintroduce dynamically-allocated LockClassKeys such that they are
automatically (de)registered. Require that all usages of LockClassKeys
ensure that they are Pin'd.

Currently, only `'static` LockClassKeys are supported, so Pin is
redundant. However, it is intended that dynamically-allocated
LockClassKeys will eventually be supported, so using Pin from the outset
will make that change simpler.

Closes: https://github.com/Rust-for-Linux/linux/issues/1102
Suggested-by: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin@proton.me>
Suggested-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mitchell Levy <levymitchell0@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin@proton.me>
Signed-off-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250207-rust-lockdep-v4-2-7a50a7e88656@gmail.com
---
 rust/helpers/helpers.c          |  1 +-
 rust/helpers/sync.c             | 13 +++++++-
 rust/kernel/sync.rs             | 57 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs     |  5 +--
 rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs        |  4 +-
 rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs |  5 +--
 rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs        |  2 +-
 rust/kernel/workqueue.rs        |  2 +-
 8 files changed, 77 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 rust/helpers/sync.c

diff --git a/rust/helpers/helpers.c b/rust/helpers/helpers.c
index 0640b7e..4c1a10a 100644
--- a/rust/helpers/helpers.c
+++ b/rust/helpers/helpers.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "signal.c"
 #include "slab.c"
 #include "spinlock.c"
+#include "sync.c"
 #include "task.c"
 #include "uaccess.c"
 #include "vmalloc.c"
diff --git a/rust/helpers/sync.c b/rust/helpers/sync.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff7e68b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/helpers/sync.c
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+#include <linux/lockdep.h>
+
+void rust_helper_lockdep_register_key(struct lock_class_key *k)
+{
+	lockdep_register_key(k);
+}
+
+void rust_helper_lockdep_unregister_key(struct lock_class_key *k)
+{
+	lockdep_unregister_key(k);
+}
diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync.rs b/rust/kernel/sync.rs
index 16eab91..4104bc2 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/sync.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/sync.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 //! This module contains the kernel APIs related to synchronisation that have been ported or
 //! wrapped for usage by Rust code in the kernel.
 
+use crate::pin_init;
+use crate::prelude::*;
 use crate::types::Opaque;
 
 mod arc;
@@ -23,15 +25,64 @@ pub use locked_by::LockedBy;
 
 /// Represents a lockdep class. It's a wrapper around C's `lock_class_key`.
 #[repr(transparent)]
-pub struct LockClassKey(Opaque<bindings::lock_class_key>);
+#[pin_data(PinnedDrop)]
+pub struct LockClassKey {
+    #[pin]
+    inner: Opaque<bindings::lock_class_key>,
+}
 
 // SAFETY: `bindings::lock_class_key` is designed to be used concurrently from multiple threads and
 // provides its own synchronization.
 unsafe impl Sync for LockClassKey {}
 
 impl LockClassKey {
+    /// Initializes a dynamically allocated lock class key. In the common case of using a
+    /// statically allocated lock class key, the static_lock_class! macro should be used instead.
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    /// ```
+    /// # use kernel::{c_str, stack_pin_init};
+    /// # use kernel::alloc::KBox;
+    /// # use kernel::types::ForeignOwnable;
+    /// # use kernel::sync::{LockClassKey, SpinLock};
+    ///
+    /// let key = KBox::pin_init(LockClassKey::new_dynamic(), GFP_KERNEL)?;
+    /// let key_ptr = key.into_foreign();
+    ///
+    /// {
+    ///     stack_pin_init!(let num: SpinLock<u32> = SpinLock::new(
+    ///         0,
+    ///         c_str!("my_spinlock"),
+    ///         // SAFETY: `key_ptr` is returned by the above `into_foreign()`, whose
+    ///         // `from_foreign()` has not yet been called.
+    ///         unsafe { <Pin<KBox<LockClassKey>> as ForeignOwnable>::borrow(key_ptr) }
+    ///     ));
+    /// }
+    ///
+    /// // SAFETY: We dropped `num`, the only use of the key, so the result of the previous
+    /// // `borrow` has also been dropped. Thus, it's safe to use from_foreign.
+    /// unsafe { drop(<Pin<KBox<LockClassKey>> as ForeignOwnable>::from_foreign(key_ptr)) };
+    ///
+    /// # Ok::<(), Error>(())
+    /// ```
+    pub fn new_dynamic() -> impl PinInit<Self> {
+        pin_init!(Self {
+            // SAFETY: lockdep_register_key expects an uninitialized block of memory
+            inner <- Opaque::ffi_init(|slot| unsafe { bindings::lockdep_register_key(slot) })
+        })
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn as_ptr(&self) -> *mut bindings::lock_class_key {
-        self.0.get()
+        self.inner.get()
+    }
+}
+
+#[pinned_drop]
+impl PinnedDrop for LockClassKey {
+    fn drop(self: Pin<&mut Self>) {
+        // SAFETY: self.as_ptr was registered with lockdep and self is pinned, so the address
+        // hasn't changed. Thus, it's safe to pass to unregister.
+        unsafe { bindings::lockdep_unregister_key(self.as_ptr()) }
     }
 }
 
@@ -44,7 +95,7 @@ macro_rules! static_lock_class {
             // SAFETY: lockdep expects uninitialized memory when it's handed a statically allocated
             // lock_class_key
             unsafe { ::core::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit().assume_init() };
-        &CLASS
+        $crate::prelude::Pin::static_ref(&CLASS)
     }};
 }
 
diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs
index 5c1e546..fbf68ad 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/sync/condvar.rs
@@ -17,8 +17,7 @@ use crate::{
     time::Jiffies,
     types::Opaque,
 };
-use core::marker::PhantomPinned;
-use core::ptr;
+use core::{marker::PhantomPinned, pin::Pin, ptr};
 use macros::pin_data;
 
 /// Creates a [`CondVar`] initialiser with the given name and a newly-created lock class.
@@ -103,7 +102,7 @@ unsafe impl Sync for CondVar {}
 
 impl CondVar {
     /// Constructs a new condvar initialiser.
-    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: &'static LockClassKey) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
+    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: Pin<&'static LockClassKey>) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
         pin_init!(Self {
             _pin: PhantomPinned,
             // SAFETY: `slot` is valid while the closure is called and both `name` and `key` have
diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
index f53e87d..360a10a 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use crate::{
     str::CStr,
     types::{NotThreadSafe, Opaque, ScopeGuard},
 };
-use core::{cell::UnsafeCell, marker::PhantomPinned};
+use core::{cell::UnsafeCell, marker::PhantomPinned, pin::Pin};
 use macros::pin_data;
 
 pub mod mutex;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Send, B: Backend> Sync for Lock<T, B> {}
 
 impl<T, B: Backend> Lock<T, B> {
     /// Constructs a new lock initialiser.
-    pub fn new(t: T, name: &'static CStr, key: &'static LockClassKey) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
+    pub fn new(t: T, name: &'static CStr, key: Pin<&'static LockClassKey>) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
         pin_init!(Self {
             data: UnsafeCell::new(t),
             _pin: PhantomPinned,
diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs
index 480ee72..d65f94b 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/sync/lock/global.rs
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ use crate::{
 use core::{
     cell::UnsafeCell,
     marker::{PhantomData, PhantomPinned},
+    pin::Pin,
 };
 
 /// Trait implemented for marker types for global locks.
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ pub trait GlobalLockBackend {
     /// The backend used for this global lock.
     type Backend: Backend + 'static;
     /// The class for this global lock.
-    fn get_lock_class() -> &'static LockClassKey;
+    fn get_lock_class() -> Pin<&'static LockClassKey>;
 }
 
 /// Type used for global locks.
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ macro_rules! global_lock {
             type Item = $valuety;
             type Backend = $crate::global_lock_inner!(backend $kind);
 
-            fn get_lock_class() -> &'static $crate::sync::LockClassKey {
+            fn get_lock_class() -> Pin<&'static $crate::sync::LockClassKey> {
                 $crate::static_lock_class!()
             }
         }
diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs
index d5f1715..c4934f8 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/sync/poll.rs
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ pub struct PollCondVar {
 
 impl PollCondVar {
     /// Constructs a new condvar initialiser.
-    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: &'static LockClassKey) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
+    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: Pin<&'static LockClassKey>) -> impl PinInit<Self> {
         pin_init!(Self {
             inner <- CondVar::new(name, key),
         })
diff --git a/rust/kernel/workqueue.rs b/rust/kernel/workqueue.rs
index 0cd100d..6b6f3ad 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/workqueue.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/workqueue.rs
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ unsafe impl<T: ?Sized, const ID: u64> Sync for Work<T, ID> {}
 impl<T: ?Sized, const ID: u64> Work<T, ID> {
     /// Creates a new instance of [`Work`].
     #[inline]
-    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: &'static LockClassKey) -> impl PinInit<Self>
+    pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, key: Pin<&'static LockClassKey>) -> impl PinInit<Self>
     where
         T: WorkItem<ID>,
     {