[PATCH v4 0/6] KVM: x86: Prep KVM hypercall handling for TDX

Sean Christopherson posted 6 patches 1 year, 2 months ago
arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h |  6 ----
arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c          |  4 +--
arch/x86/kvm/x86.c              | 50 +++++++++++----------------------
arch/x86/kvm/x86.h              | 28 ++++++++++++++++++
4 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)
[PATCH v4 0/6] KVM: x86: Prep KVM hypercall handling for TDX
Posted by Sean Christopherson 1 year, 2 months ago
Effectively v4 of Binbin's series to handle hypercall exits to userspace in
a generic manner, so that TDX

Binbin and Kai, this is fairly different that what we last discussed.  While
sorting through Binbin's latest patch, I stumbled on what I think/hope is an
approach that will make life easier for TDX.  Rather than have common code
set the return value, _and_ have TDX implement a callback to do the same for
user return MSRs, just use the callback for all paths.

As for abusing vcpu->run->hypercall.ret... It's obviously a bit gross, but
I think it's a lesser evil than having multiple a one-line wrappers just to
trampoline in the return code.

v4:
 - Fix an SEV-* bug where KVM trips the WARN in is_64_bit_mode().
 - Add a pile of reworks to (hopefully) avoid as much duplicate code when
   TDX comes along.

v3: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240826022255.361406-1-binbin.wu@linux.intel.com

Binbin Wu (1):
  KVM: x86: Add a helper to check for user interception of KVM
    hypercalls

Sean Christopherson (5):
  KVM: x86: Play nice with protected guests in complete_hypercall_exit()
  KVM: x86: Move "emulate hypercall" function declarations to x86.h
  KVM: x86: Bump hypercall stat prior to fully completing hypercall
  KVM: x86: Always complete hypercall via function callback
  KVM: x86: Refactor __kvm_emulate_hypercall() into a macro

 arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h |  6 ----
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c          |  4 +--
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c              | 50 +++++++++++----------------------
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.h              | 28 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)


base-commit: 4d911c7abee56771b0219a9fbf0120d06bdc9c14
-- 
2.47.0.338.g60cca15819-goog
Re: [PATCH v4 0/6] KVM: x86: Prep KVM hypercall handling for TDX
Posted by Huang, Kai 1 year, 2 months ago
On Wed, 2024-11-27 at 16:43 -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> Effectively v4 of Binbin's series to handle hypercall exits to userspace in
> a generic manner, so that TDX
> 
> Binbin and Kai, this is fairly different that what we last discussed.  While
> sorting through Binbin's latest patch, I stumbled on what I think/hope is an
> approach that will make life easier for TDX.  Rather than have common code
> set the return value, _and_ have TDX implement a callback to do the same for
> user return MSRs, just use the callback for all paths.
> 
> As for abusing vcpu->run->hypercall.ret... It's obviously a bit gross, but
> I think it's a lesser evil than having multiple a one-line wrappers just to
> trampoline in the return code.

Doesn't seem to be "gross" to me, and AFAICT now for TDX we just need to play
with __kvm_emulate_hypercall() with a TDX-specific completion callback.

Which is nice.  Thanks!

For this series:

Reviewed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Re: [PATCH v4 0/6] KVM: x86: Prep KVM hypercall handling for TDX
Posted by Sean Christopherson 1 year, 1 month ago
On Wed, 27 Nov 2024 16:43:38 -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> Effectively v4 of Binbin's series to handle hypercall exits to userspace in
> a generic manner, so that TDX
> 
> Binbin and Kai, this is fairly different that what we last discussed.  While
> sorting through Binbin's latest patch, I stumbled on what I think/hope is an
> approach that will make life easier for TDX.  Rather than have common code
> set the return value, _and_ have TDX implement a callback to do the same for
> user return MSRs, just use the callback for all paths.
> 
> [...]

Applied patch 1 to kvm-x86 fixes.  I'm going to hold off on the rest until the
dust settles on the SEAMCALL interfaces, e.g. in case TDX ends up marshalling
state into the "normal" GPRs.

[1/6] KVM: x86: Play nice with protected guests in complete_hypercall_exit()
      https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux/commit/a317794eefd0
[2/6] KVM: x86: Add a helper to check for user interception of KVM hypercalls
      (no commit info)
[3/6] KVM: x86: Move "emulate hypercall" function declarations to x86.h
      (no commit info)
[4/6] KVM: x86: Bump hypercall stat prior to fully completing hypercall
      (no commit info)
[5/6] KVM: x86: Always complete hypercall via function callback
      (no commit info)
[6/6] KVM: x86: Refactor __kvm_emulate_hypercall() into a macro
      (no commit info)

--
https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux/tree/next
Re: [PATCH v4 0/6] KVM: x86: Prep KVM hypercall handling for TDX
Posted by Binbin Wu 1 year ago


On 12/19/2024 10:40 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> On Wed, 27 Nov 2024 16:43:38 -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
>> Effectively v4 of Binbin's series to handle hypercall exits to userspace in
>> a generic manner, so that TDX
>>
>> Binbin and Kai, this is fairly different that what we last discussed.  While
>> sorting through Binbin's latest patch, I stumbled on what I think/hope is an
>> approach that will make life easier for TDX.  Rather than have common code
>> set the return value, _and_ have TDX implement a callback to do the same for
>> user return MSRs, just use the callback for all paths.
>>
>> [...]
> Applied patch 1 to kvm-x86 fixes.  I'm going to hold off on the rest until the
> dust settles on the SEAMCALL interfaces, e.g. in case TDX ends up marshalling
> state into the "normal" GPRs.
Hi Sean, Based on your suggestions in the link https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/Z1suNzg2Or743a7e@google.com, the v2 of "KVM: TDX: TDX hypercalls may exit to userspace" is planned to morph the TDG.VP.VMCALL with KVM hypercall to EXIT_REASON_VMCALL and marshall r10~r14 from vp_enter_args in struct vcpu_tdx to the appropriate x86 registers for KVM hypercall handling.

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/tdx.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/tdx.c
index ef66985ddc91..d5aaf66af835 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/tdx.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/tdx.c
@@ -935,6 +935,23 @@ fastpath_t tdx_vcpu_run(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool force_immediate_exit)
         return tdx_exit_handlers_fastpath(vcpu);
  }
+static int complete_hypercall_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+       tdvmcall_set_return_code(vcpu, vcpu->run->hypercall.ret);
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static int tdx_emulate_vmcall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+       kvm_rax_write(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r10);
+       kvm_rbx_write(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r11);
+       kvm_rcx_write(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r12);
+       kvm_rdx_write(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r13);
+       kvm_rsi_write(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r14);
+
+       return __kvm_emulate_hypercall(vcpu, 0, complete_hypercall_exit);
+}
+
  static int handle_tdvmcall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
  {
         switch (tdvmcall_leaf(vcpu)) {
@@ -1286,6 +1303,8 @@ int tdx_handle_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, fastpath_t fastpath)
                 return 0;
         case EXIT_REASON_TDCALL:
                 return handle_tdvmcall(vcpu);
+       case EXIT_REASON_VMCALL:
+               return tdx_emulate_vmcall(vcpu);
         default:
                 break;
         }


To test TDX, I made some modifications to your patch
"KVM: x86: Refactor __kvm_emulate_hypercall() into a macro"
Are the following changes make sense to you?

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index a2198807290b..2c5df57ad799 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -10088,9 +10088,7 @@ int kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
         if (kvm_hv_hypercall_enabled(vcpu))
                 return kvm_hv_hypercall(vcpu);
-       return __kvm_emulate_hypercall(vcpu, rax, rbx, rcx, rdx, rsi,
-                                      is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu),
-                                      kvm_x86_call(get_cpl)(vcpu),
+       return __kvm_emulate_hypercall(vcpu, kvm_x86_call(get_cpl)(vcpu),
                                        complete_hypercall_exit);
  }
  EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_emulate_hypercall);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
index b00ecbfef000..989bed5b48b0 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
@@ -623,19 +623,18 @@ int ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long nr,
                               int op_64_bit, int cpl,
                               int (*complete_hypercall)(struct kvm_vcpu *));
-#define __kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu, nr, a0, a1, a2, a3, op_64_bit, cpl, complete_hypercall) \
-({                                                                                             \
-       int __ret;                                                                              \
-                                                                                               \
-       __ret = ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu,                                                \
-                                         kvm_##nr##_read(_vcpu), kvm_##a0##_read(_vcpu),       \
-                                         kvm_##a1##_read(_vcpu), kvm_##a2##_read(_vcpu),       \
-                                         kvm_##a3##_read(_vcpu), op_64_bit, cpl,               \
-                                         complete_hypercall);                                  \
-                                                                                               \
-       if (__ret > 0)                                                                          \
-               __ret = complete_hypercall(_vcpu);                                              \
-       __ret;                                                                                  \
+#define __kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu, cpl, complete_hypercall)                                \
+({                                                                                     \
+       int __ret;                                                                      \
+       __ret = ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu, kvm_rax_read(_vcpu),                   \
+                                         kvm_rbx_read(_vcpu), kvm_rcx_read(_vcpu),     \
+                                         kvm_rdx_read(_vcpu), kvm_rsi_read(_vcpu),     \
+                                         is_64_bit_hypercall(_vcpu), cpl,              \
+                                         complete_hypercall);                          \
+                                                                                       \
+       if (__ret > 0)                                                                  \
+               __ret = complete_hypercall(_vcpu);                                      \
+       __ret;                                                                          \
  })
  int kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);


Re: [PATCH v4 0/6] KVM: x86: Prep KVM hypercall handling for TDX
Posted by Sean Christopherson 1 year ago
On Wed, Jan 15, 2025, Binbin Wu wrote:
> On 12/19/2024 10:40 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> > On Wed, 27 Nov 2024 16:43:38 -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> > > Effectively v4 of Binbin's series to handle hypercall exits to userspace in
> > > a generic manner, so that TDX
> > > 
> > > Binbin and Kai, this is fairly different that what we last discussed.  While
> > > sorting through Binbin's latest patch, I stumbled on what I think/hope is an
> > > approach that will make life easier for TDX.  Rather than have common code
> > > set the return value, _and_ have TDX implement a callback to do the same for
> > > user return MSRs, just use the callback for all paths.
> > > 
> > > [...]
> > Applied patch 1 to kvm-x86 fixes.  I'm going to hold off on the rest until the
> > dust settles on the SEAMCALL interfaces, e.g. in case TDX ends up marshalling
> > state into the "normal" GPRs.
> Hi Sean, Based on your suggestions in the link
> https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/Z1suNzg2Or743a7e@google.com, the v2 of "KVM: TDX:
> TDX hypercalls may exit to userspace" is planned to morph the TDG.VP.VMCALL
> with KVM hypercall to EXIT_REASON_VMCALL and marshall r10~r14 from
> vp_enter_args in struct vcpu_tdx to the appropriate x86 registers for KVM
> hypercall handling.

...

> To test TDX, I made some modifications to your patch
> "KVM: x86: Refactor __kvm_emulate_hypercall() into a macro"
> Are the following changes make sense to you?

Yes, but I think we can go a step further and effectively revert the bulk of commit
e913ef159fad ("KVM: x86: Split core of hypercall emulation to helper function"),
i.e. have ____kvm_emulate_hypercall() read the GPRs instead of passing them in
via the macro.

> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
> index a2198807290b..2c5df57ad799 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
> @@ -10088,9 +10088,7 @@ int kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>         if (kvm_hv_hypercall_enabled(vcpu))
>                 return kvm_hv_hypercall(vcpu);
> -       return __kvm_emulate_hypercall(vcpu, rax, rbx, rcx, rdx, rsi,
> -                                      is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu),
> -                                      kvm_x86_call(get_cpl)(vcpu),
> +       return __kvm_emulate_hypercall(vcpu, kvm_x86_call(get_cpl)(vcpu),
>                                        complete_hypercall_exit);
>  }
>  EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_emulate_hypercall);
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
> index b00ecbfef000..989bed5b48b0 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
> @@ -623,19 +623,18 @@ int ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long nr,
>                               int op_64_bit, int cpl,
>                               int (*complete_hypercall)(struct kvm_vcpu *));
> -#define __kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu, nr, a0, a1, a2, a3, op_64_bit, cpl, complete_hypercall) \
> -({                                                                                             \
> -       int __ret;                                                                              \
> -                                                                                               \
> -       __ret = ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu,                                                \
> -                                         kvm_##nr##_read(_vcpu), kvm_##a0##_read(_vcpu),       \
> -                                         kvm_##a1##_read(_vcpu), kvm_##a2##_read(_vcpu),       \
> -                                         kvm_##a3##_read(_vcpu), op_64_bit, cpl,               \
> -                                         complete_hypercall);                                  \
> -                                                                                               \
> -       if (__ret > 0)                                                                          \
> -               __ret = complete_hypercall(_vcpu);                                              \
> -       __ret;                                                                                  \
> +#define __kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu, cpl, complete_hypercall)                                \
> +({                                                                                     \
> +       int __ret;                                                                      \
> +       __ret = ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu, kvm_rax_read(_vcpu),                   \
> +                                         kvm_rbx_read(_vcpu), kvm_rcx_read(_vcpu),     \
> +                                         kvm_rdx_read(_vcpu), kvm_rsi_read(_vcpu),     \
> +                                         is_64_bit_hypercall(_vcpu), cpl,              \
> +                                         complete_hypercall);                          \
> +                                                                                       \
> +       if (__ret > 0)                                                                  \
> +               __ret = complete_hypercall(_vcpu);                                      \
> +       __ret;                                                                          \
>  })
>  int kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
> 
> 
Re: [PATCH v4 0/6] KVM: x86: Prep KVM hypercall handling for TDX
Posted by Binbin Wu 1 year ago


On 1/18/2025 3:31 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> On Wed, Jan 15, 2025, Binbin Wu wrote:
>> On 12/19/2024 10:40 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
>>> On Wed, 27 Nov 2024 16:43:38 -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
>>>> Effectively v4 of Binbin's series to handle hypercall exits to userspace in
>>>> a generic manner, so that TDX
>>>>
>>>> Binbin and Kai, this is fairly different that what we last discussed.  While
>>>> sorting through Binbin's latest patch, I stumbled on what I think/hope is an
>>>> approach that will make life easier for TDX.  Rather than have common code
>>>> set the return value, _and_ have TDX implement a callback to do the same for
>>>> user return MSRs, just use the callback for all paths.
>>>>
>>>> [...]
>>> Applied patch 1 to kvm-x86 fixes.  I'm going to hold off on the rest until the
>>> dust settles on the SEAMCALL interfaces, e.g. in case TDX ends up marshalling
>>> state into the "normal" GPRs.
>> Hi Sean, Based on your suggestions in the link
>> https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/Z1suNzg2Or743a7e@google.com, the v2 of "KVM: TDX:
>> TDX hypercalls may exit to userspace" is planned to morph the TDG.VP.VMCALL
>> with KVM hypercall to EXIT_REASON_VMCALL and marshall r10~r14 from
>> vp_enter_args in struct vcpu_tdx to the appropriate x86 registers for KVM
>> hypercall handling.
> ...
>
>> To test TDX, I made some modifications to your patch
>> "KVM: x86: Refactor __kvm_emulate_hypercall() into a macro"
>> Are the following changes make sense to you?
> Yes, but I think we can go a step further and effectively revert the bulk of commit
> e913ef159fad ("KVM: x86: Split core of hypercall emulation to helper function"),
> i.e. have ____kvm_emulate_hypercall() read the GPRs instead of passing them in
> via the macro.

Sure.

Are you OK if I sent the change (as a prep patch) along with v2 of
"TDX hypercalls may exit to userspace"?

>
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
>> index a2198807290b..2c5df57ad799 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
>> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
>> @@ -10088,9 +10088,7 @@ int kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>>          if (kvm_hv_hypercall_enabled(vcpu))
>>                  return kvm_hv_hypercall(vcpu);
>> -       return __kvm_emulate_hypercall(vcpu, rax, rbx, rcx, rdx, rsi,
>> -                                      is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu),
>> -                                      kvm_x86_call(get_cpl)(vcpu),
>> +       return __kvm_emulate_hypercall(vcpu, kvm_x86_call(get_cpl)(vcpu),
>>                                         complete_hypercall_exit);
>>   }
>>   EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_emulate_hypercall);
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
>> index b00ecbfef000..989bed5b48b0 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
>> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
>> @@ -623,19 +623,18 @@ int ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long nr,
>>                                int op_64_bit, int cpl,
>>                                int (*complete_hypercall)(struct kvm_vcpu *));
>> -#define __kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu, nr, a0, a1, a2, a3, op_64_bit, cpl, complete_hypercall) \
>> -({                                                                                             \
>> -       int __ret;                                                                              \
>> -                                                                                               \
>> -       __ret = ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu,                                                \
>> -                                         kvm_##nr##_read(_vcpu), kvm_##a0##_read(_vcpu),       \
>> -                                         kvm_##a1##_read(_vcpu), kvm_##a2##_read(_vcpu),       \
>> -                                         kvm_##a3##_read(_vcpu), op_64_bit, cpl,               \
>> -                                         complete_hypercall);                                  \
>> -                                                                                               \
>> -       if (__ret > 0)                                                                          \
>> -               __ret = complete_hypercall(_vcpu);                                              \
>> -       __ret;                                                                                  \
>> +#define __kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu, cpl, complete_hypercall)                                \
>> +({                                                                                     \
>> +       int __ret;                                                                      \
>> +       __ret = ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(_vcpu, kvm_rax_read(_vcpu),                   \
>> +                                         kvm_rbx_read(_vcpu), kvm_rcx_read(_vcpu),     \
>> +                                         kvm_rdx_read(_vcpu), kvm_rsi_read(_vcpu),     \
>> +                                         is_64_bit_hypercall(_vcpu), cpl,              \
>> +                                         complete_hypercall);                          \
>> +                                                                                       \
>> +       if (__ret > 0)                                                                  \
>> +               __ret = complete_hypercall(_vcpu);                                      \
>> +       __ret;                                                                          \
>>   })
>>   int kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
>>
>>

Re: [PATCH v4 0/6] KVM: x86: Prep KVM hypercall handling for TDX
Posted by Sean Christopherson 1 year ago
On Mon, Jan 20, 2025, Binbin Wu wrote:
> On 1/18/2025 3:31 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> > On Wed, Jan 15, 2025, Binbin Wu wrote:
> > > On 12/19/2024 10:40 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> > > > On Wed, 27 Nov 2024 16:43:38 -0800, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> > > > > Effectively v4 of Binbin's series to handle hypercall exits to userspace in
> > > > > a generic manner, so that TDX
> > > > > 
> > > > > Binbin and Kai, this is fairly different that what we last discussed.  While
> > > > > sorting through Binbin's latest patch, I stumbled on what I think/hope is an
> > > > > approach that will make life easier for TDX.  Rather than have common code
> > > > > set the return value, _and_ have TDX implement a callback to do the same for
> > > > > user return MSRs, just use the callback for all paths.
> > > > > 
> > > > > [...]
> > > > Applied patch 1 to kvm-x86 fixes.  I'm going to hold off on the rest until the
> > > > dust settles on the SEAMCALL interfaces, e.g. in case TDX ends up marshalling
> > > > state into the "normal" GPRs.
> > > Hi Sean, Based on your suggestions in the link
> > > https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/Z1suNzg2Or743a7e@google.com, the v2 of "KVM: TDX:
> > > TDX hypercalls may exit to userspace" is planned to morph the TDG.VP.VMCALL
> > > with KVM hypercall to EXIT_REASON_VMCALL and marshall r10~r14 from
> > > vp_enter_args in struct vcpu_tdx to the appropriate x86 registers for KVM
> > > hypercall handling.
> > ...
> > 
> > > To test TDX, I made some modifications to your patch
> > > "KVM: x86: Refactor __kvm_emulate_hypercall() into a macro"
> > > Are the following changes make sense to you?
> > Yes, but I think we can go a step further and effectively revert the bulk of commit
> > e913ef159fad ("KVM: x86: Split core of hypercall emulation to helper function"),
> > i.e. have ____kvm_emulate_hypercall() read the GPRs instead of passing them in
> > via the macro.
> 
> Sure.
> 
> Are you OK if I sent the change (as a prep patch) along with v2 of
> "TDX hypercalls may exit to userspace"?

Ya, go for it.