[PATCH] drm/msm: UAPI error reporting

Rob Clark posted 1 patch 2 days, 9 hours ago
drivers/gpu/drm/msm/adreno/adreno_gpu.c | 21 ++++----
drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.c           |  2 +-
drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.h           |  7 +++
drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_gem_submit.c    | 64 +++++++++++--------------
4 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-)
[PATCH] drm/msm: UAPI error reporting
Posted by Rob Clark 2 days, 9 hours ago
From: Rob Clark <robdclark@chromium.org>

Debugging incorrect UAPI usage tends to be a bit painful, so add a
helper macro to make it easier to add debug logging which can be enabled
at runtime via drm.debug.

Signed-off-by: Rob Clark <robdclark@chromium.org>
---
 drivers/gpu/drm/msm/adreno/adreno_gpu.c | 21 ++++----
 drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.c           |  2 +-
 drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.h           |  7 +++
 drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_gem_submit.c    | 64 +++++++++++--------------
 4 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/adreno/adreno_gpu.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/adreno/adreno_gpu.c
index b96ce6fed649..ad7df8736eec 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/adreno/adreno_gpu.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/adreno/adreno_gpu.c
@@ -310,10 +310,11 @@ int adreno_get_param(struct msm_gpu *gpu, struct msm_file_private *ctx,
 		     uint32_t param, uint64_t *value, uint32_t *len)
 {
 	struct adreno_gpu *adreno_gpu = to_adreno_gpu(gpu);
+	struct drm_device *drm = gpu->dev;
 
 	/* No pointer params yet */
 	if (*len != 0)
-		return -EINVAL;
+		return UERR(EINVAL, drm, "invalid len");
 
 	switch (param) {
 	case MSM_PARAM_GPU_ID:
@@ -365,12 +366,12 @@ int adreno_get_param(struct msm_gpu *gpu, struct msm_file_private *ctx,
 		return 0;
 	case MSM_PARAM_VA_START:
 		if (ctx->aspace == gpu->aspace)
-			return -EINVAL;
+			return UERR(EINVAL, drm, "requires per-process pgtables");
 		*value = ctx->aspace->va_start;
 		return 0;
 	case MSM_PARAM_VA_SIZE:
 		if (ctx->aspace == gpu->aspace)
-			return -EINVAL;
+			return UERR(EINVAL, drm, "requires per-process pgtables");
 		*value = ctx->aspace->va_size;
 		return 0;
 	case MSM_PARAM_HIGHEST_BANK_BIT:
@@ -386,14 +387,15 @@ int adreno_get_param(struct msm_gpu *gpu, struct msm_file_private *ctx,
 		*value = adreno_gpu->ubwc_config.macrotile_mode;
 		return 0;
 	default:
-		DBG("%s: invalid param: %u", gpu->name, param);
-		return -EINVAL;
+		return UERR(EINVAL, drm, "%s: invalid param: %u", gpu->name, param);
 	}
 }
 
 int adreno_set_param(struct msm_gpu *gpu, struct msm_file_private *ctx,
 		     uint32_t param, uint64_t value, uint32_t len)
 {
+	struct drm_device *drm = gpu->dev;
+
 	switch (param) {
 	case MSM_PARAM_COMM:
 	case MSM_PARAM_CMDLINE:
@@ -401,11 +403,11 @@ int adreno_set_param(struct msm_gpu *gpu, struct msm_file_private *ctx,
 		 * that should be a reasonable upper bound
 		 */
 		if (len > PAGE_SIZE)
-			return -EINVAL;
+			return UERR(EINVAL, drm, "invalid len");
 		break;
 	default:
 		if (len != 0)
-			return -EINVAL;
+			return UERR(EINVAL, drm, "invalid len");
 	}
 
 	switch (param) {
@@ -434,11 +436,10 @@ int adreno_set_param(struct msm_gpu *gpu, struct msm_file_private *ctx,
 	}
 	case MSM_PARAM_SYSPROF:
 		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
-			return -EPERM;
+			return UERR(EPERM, drm, "invalid permissions");
 		return msm_file_private_set_sysprof(ctx, gpu, value);
 	default:
-		DBG("%s: invalid param: %u", gpu->name, param);
-		return -EINVAL;
+		return UERR(EINVAL, drm, "%s: invalid param: %u", gpu->name, param);
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.c
index 8c13b08708d2..6416d2cb4efc 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.c
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ static int msm_ioctl_gem_info_set_iova(struct drm_device *dev,
 
 	/* Only supported if per-process address space is supported: */
 	if (priv->gpu->aspace == ctx->aspace)
-		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+		return UERR(EOPNOTSUPP, dev, "requires per-process pgtables");
 
 	if (should_fail(&fail_gem_iova, obj->size))
 		return -ENOMEM;
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.h
index 2e28a1344636..7fe0c67a602c 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_drv.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 #include <drm/drm_atomic.h>
 #include <drm/drm_atomic_helper.h>
+#include <drm/drm_print.h>
 #include <drm/drm_probe_helper.h>
 #include <drm/display/drm_dsc.h>
 #include <drm/msm_drm.h>
@@ -519,6 +520,12 @@ void msm_hrtimer_work_init(struct msm_hrtimer_work *work,
 			   clockid_t clock_id,
 			   enum hrtimer_mode mode);
 
+/* Helper for returning a UABI error with optional logging which can make
+ * it easier for userspace to understand what it is doing wrong.
+ */
+#define UERR(err, drm, fmt, ...) \
+	({ DRM_DEV_DEBUG_DRIVER((drm)->dev, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); -(err); })
+
 #define DBG(fmt, ...) DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER(fmt"\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
 #define VERB(fmt, ...) if (0) DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER(fmt"\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_gem_submit.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_gem_submit.c
index fba78193127d..550f9b808f27 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_gem_submit.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/msm/msm_gem_submit.c
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
 /* For userspace errors, use DRM_UT_DRIVER.. so that userspace can enable
  * error msgs for debugging, but we don't spam dmesg by default
  */
-#define SUBMIT_ERROR(submit, fmt, ...) \
-	DRM_DEV_DEBUG_DRIVER((submit)->dev->dev, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define SUBMIT_ERROR(err, submit, fmt, ...) \
+	UERR(err, (submit)->dev, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
 /*
  * Cmdstream submission:
@@ -142,8 +142,7 @@ static int submit_lookup_objects(struct msm_gem_submit *submit,
 
 		if ((submit_bo.flags & ~MSM_SUBMIT_BO_FLAGS) ||
 			!(submit_bo.flags & MANDATORY_FLAGS)) {
-			SUBMIT_ERROR(submit, "invalid flags: %x\n", submit_bo.flags);
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			ret = SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid flags: %x\n", submit_bo.flags);
 			i = 0;
 			goto out;
 		}
@@ -162,8 +161,7 @@ static int submit_lookup_objects(struct msm_gem_submit *submit,
 		 */
 		obj = idr_find(&file->object_idr, submit->bos[i].handle);
 		if (!obj) {
-			SUBMIT_ERROR(submit, "invalid handle %u at index %u\n", submit->bos[i].handle, i);
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			ret = SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid handle %u at index %u\n", submit->bos[i].handle, i);
 			goto out_unlock;
 		}
 
@@ -206,14 +204,12 @@ static int submit_lookup_cmds(struct msm_gem_submit *submit,
 		case MSM_SUBMIT_CMD_CTX_RESTORE_BUF:
 			break;
 		default:
-			SUBMIT_ERROR(submit, "invalid type: %08x\n", submit_cmd.type);
-			return -EINVAL;
+			return SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid type: %08x\n", submit_cmd.type);
 		}
 
 		if (submit_cmd.size % 4) {
-			SUBMIT_ERROR(submit, "non-aligned cmdstream buffer size: %u\n",
-				     submit_cmd.size);
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			ret = SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "non-aligned cmdstream buffer size: %u\n",
+					   submit_cmd.size);
 			goto out;
 		}
 
@@ -371,9 +367,8 @@ static int submit_bo(struct msm_gem_submit *submit, uint32_t idx,
 		struct drm_gem_object **obj, uint64_t *iova)
 {
 	if (idx >= submit->nr_bos) {
-		SUBMIT_ERROR(submit, "invalid buffer index: %u (out of %u)\n",
-			     idx, submit->nr_bos);
-		return -EINVAL;
+		return SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid buffer index: %u (out of %u)\n",
+				    idx, submit->nr_bos);
 	}
 
 	if (obj)
@@ -392,10 +387,8 @@ static int submit_reloc(struct msm_gem_submit *submit, struct drm_gem_object *ob
 	uint32_t *ptr;
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	if (offset % 4) {
-		SUBMIT_ERROR(submit, "non-aligned cmdstream buffer: %u\n", offset);
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
+	if (offset % 4)
+		return SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "non-aligned cmdstream buffer: %u\n", offset);
 
 	/* For now, just map the entire thing.  Eventually we probably
 	 * to do it page-by-page, w/ kmap() if not vmap()d..
@@ -414,9 +407,8 @@ static int submit_reloc(struct msm_gem_submit *submit, struct drm_gem_object *ob
 		uint64_t iova;
 
 		if (submit_reloc.submit_offset % 4) {
-			SUBMIT_ERROR(submit, "non-aligned reloc offset: %u\n",
-				     submit_reloc.submit_offset);
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			ret = SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "non-aligned reloc offset: %u\n",
+					   submit_reloc.submit_offset);
 			goto out;
 		}
 
@@ -425,8 +417,7 @@ static int submit_reloc(struct msm_gem_submit *submit, struct drm_gem_object *ob
 
 		if ((off >= (obj->size / 4)) ||
 				(off < last_offset)) {
-			SUBMIT_ERROR(submit, "invalid offset %u at reloc %u\n", off, i);
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			ret = SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid offset %u at reloc %u\n", off, i);
 			goto out;
 		}
 
@@ -513,12 +504,12 @@ static struct drm_syncobj **msm_parse_deps(struct msm_gem_submit *submit,
 
 		if (syncobj_desc.point &&
 		    !drm_core_check_feature(submit->dev, DRIVER_SYNCOBJ_TIMELINE)) {
-			ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+			ret = SUBMIT_ERROR(EOPNOTSUPP, submit, "syncobj timeline unsupported");
 			break;
 		}
 
 		if (syncobj_desc.flags & ~MSM_SUBMIT_SYNCOBJ_FLAGS) {
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			ret = -SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid syncobj flags");
 			break;
 		}
 
@@ -531,7 +522,7 @@ static struct drm_syncobj **msm_parse_deps(struct msm_gem_submit *submit,
 			syncobjs[i] =
 				drm_syncobj_find(file, syncobj_desc.handle);
 			if (!syncobjs[i]) {
-				ret = -EINVAL;
+				ret = SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid syncobj handle");
 				break;
 			}
 		}
@@ -588,14 +579,14 @@ static struct msm_submit_post_dep *msm_parse_post_deps(struct drm_device *dev,
 		post_deps[i].point = syncobj_desc.point;
 
 		if (syncobj_desc.flags) {
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			ret = UERR(EINVAL, dev, "invalid syncobj flags");
 			break;
 		}
 
 		if (syncobj_desc.point) {
 			if (!drm_core_check_feature(dev,
 			                            DRIVER_SYNCOBJ_TIMELINE)) {
-				ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+				ret = UERR(EOPNOTSUPP, dev, "syncobj timeline unsupported");
 				break;
 			}
 
@@ -609,7 +600,7 @@ static struct msm_submit_post_dep *msm_parse_post_deps(struct drm_device *dev,
 		post_deps[i].syncobj =
 			drm_syncobj_find(file, syncobj_desc.handle);
 		if (!post_deps[i].syncobj) {
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			ret = UERR(EINVAL, dev, "invalid syncobj handle");
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -677,10 +668,10 @@ int msm_ioctl_gem_submit(struct drm_device *dev, void *data,
 	 * be more clever to dispatch to appropriate gpu module:
 	 */
 	if (MSM_PIPE_ID(args->flags) != MSM_PIPE_3D0)
-		return -EINVAL;
+		return SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid pipe");
 
 	if (MSM_PIPE_FLAGS(args->flags) & ~MSM_SUBMIT_FLAGS)
-		return -EINVAL;
+		return SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid flags");
 
 	if (args->flags & MSM_SUBMIT_SUDO) {
 		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DRM_MSM_GPU_SUDO) ||
@@ -724,7 +715,7 @@ int msm_ioctl_gem_submit(struct drm_device *dev, void *data,
 		in_fence = sync_file_get_fence(args->fence_fd);
 
 		if (!in_fence) {
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			ret = SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid in-fence");
 			goto out_unlock;
 		}
 
@@ -789,8 +780,8 @@ int msm_ioctl_gem_submit(struct drm_device *dev, void *data,
 		if (!submit->cmd[i].size ||
 			((submit->cmd[i].size + submit->cmd[i].offset) >
 				obj->size / 4)) {
-			SUBMIT_ERROR(submit, "invalid cmdstream size: %u\n", submit->cmd[i].size * 4);
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			ret = SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid cmdstream size: %u\n",
+					   submit->cmd[i].size * 4);
 			goto out;
 		}
 
@@ -800,8 +791,7 @@ int msm_ioctl_gem_submit(struct drm_device *dev, void *data,
 			continue;
 
 		if (!gpu->allow_relocs) {
-			SUBMIT_ERROR(submit, "relocs not allowed\n");
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			ret = SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "relocs not allowed\n");
 			goto out;
 		}
 
@@ -827,7 +817,7 @@ int msm_ioctl_gem_submit(struct drm_device *dev, void *data,
 			(!args->fence || idr_find(&queue->fence_idr, args->fence))) {
 		spin_unlock(&queue->idr_lock);
 		idr_preload_end();
-		ret = -EINVAL;
+		ret = SUBMIT_ERROR(EINVAL, submit, "invalid in-fence-sn");
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-- 
2.47.0
Re: [PATCH] drm/msm: UAPI error reporting
Posted by Konrad Dybcio 1 day, 14 hours ago
On 21.11.2024 5:48 PM, Rob Clark wrote:
> From: Rob Clark <robdclark@chromium.org>
> 
> Debugging incorrect UAPI usage tends to be a bit painful, so add a
> helper macro to make it easier to add debug logging which can be enabled
> at runtime via drm.debug.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Rob Clark <robdclark@chromium.org>
> ---

[...]

> +/* Helper for returning a UABI error with optional logging which can make
> + * it easier for userspace to understand what it is doing wrong.
> + */
> +#define UERR(err, drm, fmt, ...) \
> +	({ DRM_DEV_DEBUG_DRIVER((drm)->dev, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); -(err); })
> +
>  #define DBG(fmt, ...) DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER(fmt"\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
>  #define VERB(fmt, ...) if (0) DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER(fmt"\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)

I'm generally not a fan of adding driver-specific debug prints..

Maybe that's something that could be pushed to the drm-common layer
or even deeper down the stack?

Konrad
Re: [PATCH] drm/msm: UAPI error reporting
Posted by Rob Clark 1 day, 10 hours ago
On Fri, Nov 22, 2024 at 4:21 AM Konrad Dybcio
<konrad.dybcio@oss.qualcomm.com> wrote:
>
> On 21.11.2024 5:48 PM, Rob Clark wrote:
> > From: Rob Clark <robdclark@chromium.org>
> >
> > Debugging incorrect UAPI usage tends to be a bit painful, so add a
> > helper macro to make it easier to add debug logging which can be enabled
> > at runtime via drm.debug.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Rob Clark <robdclark@chromium.org>
> > ---
>
> [...]
>
> > +/* Helper for returning a UABI error with optional logging which can make
> > + * it easier for userspace to understand what it is doing wrong.
> > + */
> > +#define UERR(err, drm, fmt, ...) \
> > +     ({ DRM_DEV_DEBUG_DRIVER((drm)->dev, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); -(err); })
> > +
> >  #define DBG(fmt, ...) DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER(fmt"\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
> >  #define VERB(fmt, ...) if (0) DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER(fmt"\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
>
> I'm generally not a fan of adding driver-specific debug prints..
>
> Maybe that's something that could be pushed to the drm-common layer
> or even deeper down the stack?

Even if we had something like DRM_DBG_UABI_ERROR() I'd probably still
just #define UERR() to be a wrapper for it, since line length/wrapping
tends to be a bit of a challenge.  And I have a fairly substantial
patch stack on top of this adding sparse/vm_bind support.  (Debugging
that was actually the motivation for this patch.)

I noticed that xe has something similar, but slightly different shape,
in the form of XE_IOCTL_DBG().. but that kinda just moves the line
length problem into the if() conditional.  (And doesn't provide the
benefit of being able to display the incorrect param.)

BR,
-R
Re: [PATCH] drm/msm: UAPI error reporting
Posted by Konrad Dybcio 1 day, 2 hours ago
On 22.11.2024 4:51 PM, Rob Clark wrote:
> On Fri, Nov 22, 2024 at 4:21 AM Konrad Dybcio
> <konrad.dybcio@oss.qualcomm.com> wrote:
>>
>> On 21.11.2024 5:48 PM, Rob Clark wrote:
>>> From: Rob Clark <robdclark@chromium.org>
>>>
>>> Debugging incorrect UAPI usage tends to be a bit painful, so add a
>>> helper macro to make it easier to add debug logging which can be enabled
>>> at runtime via drm.debug.
>>>
>>> Signed-off-by: Rob Clark <robdclark@chromium.org>
>>> ---
>>
>> [...]
>>
>>> +/* Helper for returning a UABI error with optional logging which can make
>>> + * it easier for userspace to understand what it is doing wrong.
>>> + */
>>> +#define UERR(err, drm, fmt, ...) \
>>> +     ({ DRM_DEV_DEBUG_DRIVER((drm)->dev, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); -(err); })
>>> +
>>>  #define DBG(fmt, ...) DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER(fmt"\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
>>>  #define VERB(fmt, ...) if (0) DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER(fmt"\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
>>
>> I'm generally not a fan of adding driver-specific debug prints..
>>
>> Maybe that's something that could be pushed to the drm-common layer
>> or even deeper down the stack?
> 
> Even if we had something like DRM_DBG_UABI_ERROR() I'd probably still
> just #define UERR() to be a wrapper for it, since line length/wrapping
> tends to be a bit of a challenge.  And I have a fairly substantial
> patch stack on top of this adding sparse/vm_bind support.  (Debugging
> that was actually the motivation for this patch.)

Alright, let's not get in the way then

> I noticed that xe has something similar, but slightly different shape,
> in the form of XE_IOCTL_DBG().. but that kinda just moves the line
> length problem into the if() conditional.  (And doesn't provide the
> benefit of being able to display the incorrect param.)

Maybe rust comes one day and the lines will start growing vertically ;)

Konrad
Re: [PATCH] drm/msm: UAPI error reporting
Posted by Rob Clark 1 day ago
On Fri, Nov 22, 2024 at 4:19 PM Konrad Dybcio
<konrad.dybcio@oss.qualcomm.com> wrote:
>
> On 22.11.2024 4:51 PM, Rob Clark wrote:
> > On Fri, Nov 22, 2024 at 4:21 AM Konrad Dybcio
> > <konrad.dybcio@oss.qualcomm.com> wrote:
> >>
> >> On 21.11.2024 5:48 PM, Rob Clark wrote:
> >>> From: Rob Clark <robdclark@chromium.org>
> >>>
> >>> Debugging incorrect UAPI usage tends to be a bit painful, so add a
> >>> helper macro to make it easier to add debug logging which can be enabled
> >>> at runtime via drm.debug.
> >>>
> >>> Signed-off-by: Rob Clark <robdclark@chromium.org>
> >>> ---
> >>
> >> [...]
> >>
> >>> +/* Helper for returning a UABI error with optional logging which can make
> >>> + * it easier for userspace to understand what it is doing wrong.
> >>> + */
> >>> +#define UERR(err, drm, fmt, ...) \
> >>> +     ({ DRM_DEV_DEBUG_DRIVER((drm)->dev, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); -(err); })
> >>> +
> >>>  #define DBG(fmt, ...) DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER(fmt"\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
> >>>  #define VERB(fmt, ...) if (0) DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER(fmt"\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
> >>
> >> I'm generally not a fan of adding driver-specific debug prints..
> >>
> >> Maybe that's something that could be pushed to the drm-common layer
> >> or even deeper down the stack?
> >
> > Even if we had something like DRM_DBG_UABI_ERROR() I'd probably still
> > just #define UERR() to be a wrapper for it, since line length/wrapping
> > tends to be a bit of a challenge.  And I have a fairly substantial
> > patch stack on top of this adding sparse/vm_bind support.  (Debugging
> > that was actually the motivation for this patch.)
>
> Alright, let's not get in the way then
>
> > I noticed that xe has something similar, but slightly different shape,
> > in the form of XE_IOCTL_DBG().. but that kinda just moves the line
> > length problem into the if() conditional.  (And doesn't provide the
> > benefit of being able to display the incorrect param.)
>
> Maybe rust comes one day and the lines will start growing vertically ;)

Rust for the userspace facing rendernode side of the driver, in
particular, would be interesting for me, tbh.  Especially if handle
related rust<->c layers are designed properly.  I've lost track of how
many handle lifetime race condition UAF's I've seen ;-)

Re-writing entire drivers is a big lift, especially when there is so
much hw+features to enable.  KMS is limited to drm master (generally a
somewhat privileged process), so less of a concern from a security
standpoint.  Much of the GPU side of things is "boring" power related
stuff (suspend/resume/devfreq).  But the rendernode ioctls are open to
any process that can use the GPU in a typical setup.

BR,
-R