mm/page-writeback.c | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------- 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
With the strictlimit flag, wb_thresh acts as a hard limit in
balance_dirty_pages() and wb_position_ratio(). When device write
operations are inactive, wb_thresh can drop to 0, causing writes to be
blocked. The issue occasionally occurs in fuse fs, particularly with
network backends, the write thread is blocked frequently during a period.
To address it, this patch raises the minimum wb_thresh to a controllable
level, similar to the non-strictlimit case.
Signed-off-by: Jim Zhao <jimzhao.ai@gmail.com>
---
Changes in v2:
1. Consolidate all wb_thresh bumping logic in __wb_calc_thresh for consistency;
2. Replace the limit variable with thresh for calculating the bump value,
as __wb_calc_thresh is also used to calculate the background threshold;
3. Add domain_dirty_avail in wb_calc_thresh to get dtc->dirty.
---
mm/page-writeback.c | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
diff --git a/mm/page-writeback.c b/mm/page-writeback.c
index e5a9eb795f99..8b13bcb42de3 100644
--- a/mm/page-writeback.c
+++ b/mm/page-writeback.c
@@ -917,7 +917,9 @@ static unsigned long __wb_calc_thresh(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
unsigned long thresh)
{
struct wb_domain *dom = dtc_dom(dtc);
+ struct bdi_writeback *wb = dtc->wb;
u64 wb_thresh;
+ u64 wb_max_thresh;
unsigned long numerator, denominator;
unsigned long wb_min_ratio, wb_max_ratio;
@@ -931,11 +933,27 @@ static unsigned long __wb_calc_thresh(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
wb_thresh *= numerator;
wb_thresh = div64_ul(wb_thresh, denominator);
- wb_min_max_ratio(dtc->wb, &wb_min_ratio, &wb_max_ratio);
+ wb_min_max_ratio(wb, &wb_min_ratio, &wb_max_ratio);
wb_thresh += (thresh * wb_min_ratio) / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
- if (wb_thresh > (thresh * wb_max_ratio) / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE))
- wb_thresh = thresh * wb_max_ratio / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
+
+ /*
+ * It's very possible that wb_thresh is close to 0 not because the
+ * device is slow, but that it has remained inactive for long time.
+ * Honour such devices a reasonable good (hopefully IO efficient)
+ * threshold, so that the occasional writes won't be blocked and active
+ * writes can rampup the threshold quickly.
+ */
+ if (thresh > dtc->dirty) {
+ if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT))
+ wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (thresh - dtc->dirty) / 100);
+ else
+ wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (thresh - dtc->dirty) / 8);
+ }
+
+ wb_max_thresh = thresh * wb_max_ratio / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
+ if (wb_thresh > wb_max_thresh)
+ wb_thresh = wb_max_thresh;
return wb_thresh;
}
@@ -944,6 +962,7 @@ unsigned long wb_calc_thresh(struct bdi_writeback *wb, unsigned long thresh)
{
struct dirty_throttle_control gdtc = { GDTC_INIT(wb) };
+ domain_dirty_avail(&gdtc, true);
return __wb_calc_thresh(&gdtc, thresh);
}
@@ -1120,12 +1139,6 @@ static void wb_position_ratio(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT)) {
long long wb_pos_ratio;
- if (dtc->wb_dirty < 8) {
- dtc->pos_ratio = min_t(long long, pos_ratio * 2,
- 2 << RATELIMIT_CALC_SHIFT);
- return;
- }
-
if (dtc->wb_dirty >= wb_thresh)
return;
@@ -1196,14 +1209,6 @@ static void wb_position_ratio(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
*/
if (unlikely(wb_thresh > dtc->thresh))
wb_thresh = dtc->thresh;
- /*
- * It's very possible that wb_thresh is close to 0 not because the
- * device is slow, but that it has remained inactive for long time.
- * Honour such devices a reasonable good (hopefully IO efficient)
- * threshold, so that the occasional writes won't be blocked and active
- * writes can rampup the threshold quickly.
- */
- wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (limit - dtc->dirty) / 8);
/*
* scale global setpoint to wb's:
* wb_setpoint = setpoint * wb_thresh / thresh
@@ -1459,17 +1464,10 @@ static void wb_update_dirty_ratelimit(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
* balanced_dirty_ratelimit = task_ratelimit * write_bw / dirty_rate).
* Hence, to calculate "step" properly, we have to use wb_dirty as
* "dirty" and wb_setpoint as "setpoint".
- *
- * We rampup dirty_ratelimit forcibly if wb_dirty is low because
- * it's possible that wb_thresh is close to zero due to inactivity
- * of backing device.
*/
if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT)) {
dirty = dtc->wb_dirty;
- if (dtc->wb_dirty < 8)
- setpoint = dtc->wb_dirty + 1;
- else
- setpoint = (dtc->wb_thresh + dtc->wb_bg_thresh) / 2;
+ setpoint = (dtc->wb_thresh + dtc->wb_bg_thresh) / 2;
}
if (dirty < setpoint) {
--
2.20.1On Tue 19-11-24 19:44:42, Jim Zhao wrote:
> With the strictlimit flag, wb_thresh acts as a hard limit in
> balance_dirty_pages() and wb_position_ratio(). When device write
> operations are inactive, wb_thresh can drop to 0, causing writes to be
> blocked. The issue occasionally occurs in fuse fs, particularly with
> network backends, the write thread is blocked frequently during a period.
> To address it, this patch raises the minimum wb_thresh to a controllable
> level, similar to the non-strictlimit case.
>
> Signed-off-by: Jim Zhao <jimzhao.ai@gmail.com>
> ---
> Changes in v2:
> 1. Consolidate all wb_thresh bumping logic in __wb_calc_thresh for consistency;
> 2. Replace the limit variable with thresh for calculating the bump value,
> as __wb_calc_thresh is also used to calculate the background threshold;
> 3. Add domain_dirty_avail in wb_calc_thresh to get dtc->dirty.
Since the odd value of BdiDirryThresh got explained (independent cosmetic
bug), feel free to add:
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Honza
> ---
> mm/page-writeback.c | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
> 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/mm/page-writeback.c b/mm/page-writeback.c
> index e5a9eb795f99..8b13bcb42de3 100644
> --- a/mm/page-writeback.c
> +++ b/mm/page-writeback.c
> @@ -917,7 +917,9 @@ static unsigned long __wb_calc_thresh(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
> unsigned long thresh)
> {
> struct wb_domain *dom = dtc_dom(dtc);
> + struct bdi_writeback *wb = dtc->wb;
> u64 wb_thresh;
> + u64 wb_max_thresh;
> unsigned long numerator, denominator;
> unsigned long wb_min_ratio, wb_max_ratio;
>
> @@ -931,11 +933,27 @@ static unsigned long __wb_calc_thresh(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
> wb_thresh *= numerator;
> wb_thresh = div64_ul(wb_thresh, denominator);
>
> - wb_min_max_ratio(dtc->wb, &wb_min_ratio, &wb_max_ratio);
> + wb_min_max_ratio(wb, &wb_min_ratio, &wb_max_ratio);
>
> wb_thresh += (thresh * wb_min_ratio) / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
> - if (wb_thresh > (thresh * wb_max_ratio) / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE))
> - wb_thresh = thresh * wb_max_ratio / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
> +
> + /*
> + * It's very possible that wb_thresh is close to 0 not because the
> + * device is slow, but that it has remained inactive for long time.
> + * Honour such devices a reasonable good (hopefully IO efficient)
> + * threshold, so that the occasional writes won't be blocked and active
> + * writes can rampup the threshold quickly.
> + */
> + if (thresh > dtc->dirty) {
> + if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT))
> + wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (thresh - dtc->dirty) / 100);
> + else
> + wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (thresh - dtc->dirty) / 8);
> + }
> +
> + wb_max_thresh = thresh * wb_max_ratio / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
> + if (wb_thresh > wb_max_thresh)
> + wb_thresh = wb_max_thresh;
>
> return wb_thresh;
> }
> @@ -944,6 +962,7 @@ unsigned long wb_calc_thresh(struct bdi_writeback *wb, unsigned long thresh)
> {
> struct dirty_throttle_control gdtc = { GDTC_INIT(wb) };
>
> + domain_dirty_avail(&gdtc, true);
> return __wb_calc_thresh(&gdtc, thresh);
> }
>
> @@ -1120,12 +1139,6 @@ static void wb_position_ratio(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
> if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT)) {
> long long wb_pos_ratio;
>
> - if (dtc->wb_dirty < 8) {
> - dtc->pos_ratio = min_t(long long, pos_ratio * 2,
> - 2 << RATELIMIT_CALC_SHIFT);
> - return;
> - }
> -
> if (dtc->wb_dirty >= wb_thresh)
> return;
>
> @@ -1196,14 +1209,6 @@ static void wb_position_ratio(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
> */
> if (unlikely(wb_thresh > dtc->thresh))
> wb_thresh = dtc->thresh;
> - /*
> - * It's very possible that wb_thresh is close to 0 not because the
> - * device is slow, but that it has remained inactive for long time.
> - * Honour such devices a reasonable good (hopefully IO efficient)
> - * threshold, so that the occasional writes won't be blocked and active
> - * writes can rampup the threshold quickly.
> - */
> - wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (limit - dtc->dirty) / 8);
> /*
> * scale global setpoint to wb's:
> * wb_setpoint = setpoint * wb_thresh / thresh
> @@ -1459,17 +1464,10 @@ static void wb_update_dirty_ratelimit(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
> * balanced_dirty_ratelimit = task_ratelimit * write_bw / dirty_rate).
> * Hence, to calculate "step" properly, we have to use wb_dirty as
> * "dirty" and wb_setpoint as "setpoint".
> - *
> - * We rampup dirty_ratelimit forcibly if wb_dirty is low because
> - * it's possible that wb_thresh is close to zero due to inactivity
> - * of backing device.
> */
> if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT)) {
> dirty = dtc->wb_dirty;
> - if (dtc->wb_dirty < 8)
> - setpoint = dtc->wb_dirty + 1;
> - else
> - setpoint = (dtc->wb_thresh + dtc->wb_bg_thresh) / 2;
> + setpoint = (dtc->wb_thresh + dtc->wb_bg_thresh) / 2;
> }
>
> if (dirty < setpoint) {
> --
> 2.20.1
>
--
Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
SUSE Labs, CR
Thanks, Jan, I just sent patch v2, could you please review it ?
And I found the debug info in the bdi stats.
The BdiDirtyThresh value may be greater than DirtyThresh, and after applying this patch, the value of BdiDirtyThresh could become even larger.
without patch:
---
root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0# cat stats
BdiWriteback: 0 kB
BdiReclaimable: 96 kB
BdiDirtyThresh: 1346824 kB
DirtyThresh: 673412 kB
BackgroundThresh: 336292 kB
BdiDirtied: 19872 kB
BdiWritten: 19776 kB
BdiWriteBandwidth: 0 kBps
b_dirty: 0
b_io: 0
b_more_io: 0
b_dirty_time: 0
bdi_list: 1
state: 1
with patch:
---
root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0# cat stats
BdiWriteback: 96 kB
BdiReclaimable: 192 kB
BdiDirtyThresh: 3090736 kB
DirtyThresh: 650716 kB
BackgroundThresh: 324960 kB
BdiDirtied: 472512 kB
BdiWritten: 470592 kB
BdiWriteBandwidth: 106268 kBps
b_dirty: 2
b_io: 0
b_more_io: 0
b_dirty_time: 0
bdi_list: 1
state: 1
@kemeng, is this a normal behavior or an issue ?
Thanks,
Jim Zhao
> With the strictlimit flag, wb_thresh acts as a hard limit in
> balance_dirty_pages() and wb_position_ratio(). When device write
> operations are inactive, wb_thresh can drop to 0, causing writes to be
> blocked. The issue occasionally occurs in fuse fs, particularly with
> network backends, the write thread is blocked frequently during a period.
> To address it, this patch raises the minimum wb_thresh to a controllable
> level, similar to the non-strictlimit case.
>
> Signed-off-by: Jim Zhao <jimzhao.ai@gmail.com>
> ---
> Changes in v2:
> 1. Consolidate all wb_thresh bumping logic in __wb_calc_thresh for consistency;
> 2. Replace the limit variable with thresh for calculating the bump value,
> as __wb_calc_thresh is also used to calculate the background threshold;
> 3. Add domain_dirty_avail in wb_calc_thresh to get dtc->dirty.
> ---
> mm/page-writeback.c | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
> 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/mm/page-writeback.c b/mm/page-writeback.c
> index e5a9eb795f99..8b13bcb42de3 100644
> --- a/mm/page-writeback.c
> +++ b/mm/page-writeback.c
> @@ -917,7 +917,9 @@ static unsigned long __wb_calc_thresh(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
> unsigned long thresh)
> {
> struct wb_domain *dom = dtc_dom(dtc);
> + struct bdi_writeback *wb = dtc->wb;
> u64 wb_thresh;
> + u64 wb_max_thresh;
> unsigned long numerator, denominator;
> unsigned long wb_min_ratio, wb_max_ratio;
>
> @@ -931,11 +933,27 @@ static unsigned long __wb_calc_thresh(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
> wb_thresh *= numerator;
> wb_thresh = div64_ul(wb_thresh, denominator);
>
> - wb_min_max_ratio(dtc->wb, &wb_min_ratio, &wb_max_ratio);
> + wb_min_max_ratio(wb, &wb_min_ratio, &wb_max_ratio);
>
> wb_thresh += (thresh * wb_min_ratio) / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
> - if (wb_thresh > (thresh * wb_max_ratio) / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE))
> - wb_thresh = thresh * wb_max_ratio / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
> +
> + /*
> + * It's very possible that wb_thresh is close to 0 not because the
> + * device is slow, but that it has remained inactive for long time.
> + * Honour such devices a reasonable good (hopefully IO efficient)
> + * threshold, so that the occasional writes won't be blocked and active
> + * writes can rampup the threshold quickly.
> + */
> + if (thresh > dtc->dirty) {
> + if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT))
> + wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (thresh - dtc->dirty) / 100);
> + else
> + wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (thresh - dtc->dirty) / 8);
> + }
> +
> + wb_max_thresh = thresh * wb_max_ratio / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
> + if (wb_thresh > wb_max_thresh)
> + wb_thresh = wb_max_thresh;
>
> return wb_thresh;
> }
> @@ -944,6 +962,7 @@ unsigned long wb_calc_thresh(struct bdi_writeback *wb, unsigned long thresh)
> {
> struct dirty_throttle_control gdtc = { GDTC_INIT(wb) };
>
> + domain_dirty_avail(&gdtc, true);
> return __wb_calc_thresh(&gdtc, thresh);
> }
>
> @@ -1120,12 +1139,6 @@ static void wb_position_ratio(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
> if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT)) {
> long long wb_pos_ratio;
>
> - if (dtc->wb_dirty < 8) {
> - dtc->pos_ratio = min_t(long long, pos_ratio * 2,
> - 2 << RATELIMIT_CALC_SHIFT);
> - return;
> - }
> -
> if (dtc->wb_dirty >= wb_thresh)
> return;
>
> @@ -1196,14 +1209,6 @@ static void wb_position_ratio(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
> */
> if (unlikely(wb_thresh > dtc->thresh))
> wb_thresh = dtc->thresh;
> - /*
> - * It's very possible that wb_thresh is close to 0 not because the
> - * device is slow, but that it has remained inactive for long time.
> - * Honour such devices a reasonable good (hopefully IO efficient)
> - * threshold, so that the occasional writes won't be blocked and active
> - * writes can rampup the threshold quickly.
> - */
> - wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (limit - dtc->dirty) / 8);
> /*
> * scale global setpoint to wb's:
> * wb_setpoint = setpoint * wb_thresh / thresh
> @@ -1459,17 +1464,10 @@ static void wb_update_dirty_ratelimit(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
> * balanced_dirty_ratelimit = task_ratelimit * write_bw / dirty_rate).
> * Hence, to calculate "step" properly, we have to use wb_dirty as
> * "dirty" and wb_setpoint as "setpoint".
> - *
> - * We rampup dirty_ratelimit forcibly if wb_dirty is low because
> - * it's possible that wb_thresh is close to zero due to inactivity
> - * of backing device.
> */
> if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT)) {
> dirty = dtc->wb_dirty;
> - if (dtc->wb_dirty < 8)
> - setpoint = dtc->wb_dirty + 1;
> - else
> - setpoint = (dtc->wb_thresh + dtc->wb_bg_thresh) / 2;
> + setpoint = (dtc->wb_thresh + dtc->wb_bg_thresh) / 2;
> }
>
> if (dirty < setpoint) {
> --
> 2.20.1
Hello!
On Tue 19-11-24 20:29:22, Jim Zhao wrote:
> Thanks, Jan, I just sent patch v2, could you please review it ?
Yes, the patch looks good to me.
>
> And I found the debug info in the bdi stats.
> The BdiDirtyThresh value may be greater than DirtyThresh, and after
> applying this patch, the value of BdiDirtyThresh could become even
> larger.
>
> without patch:
> ---
> root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0# cat stats
> BdiWriteback: 0 kB
> BdiReclaimable: 96 kB
> BdiDirtyThresh: 1346824 kB
But this is odd. The machine appears to have around 3GB of memory, doesn't
it? I suspect this is caused by multiple cgroup-writeback contexts
contributing to BdiDirtyThresh - in fact I think the math in
bdi_collect_stats() is wrong as it is adding wb_thresh() calculated based
on global dirty_thresh for each cgwb whereas it should be adding
wb_thresh() calculated based on per-memcg dirty_thresh... You can have a
look at /sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0/wb_stats file which should have correct
limits as far as I'm reading the code.
Honza
> DirtyThresh: 673412 kB
> BackgroundThresh: 336292 kB
> BdiDirtied: 19872 kB
> BdiWritten: 19776 kB
> BdiWriteBandwidth: 0 kBps
> b_dirty: 0
> b_io: 0
> b_more_io: 0
> b_dirty_time: 0
> bdi_list: 1
> state: 1
>
> with patch:
> ---
> root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0# cat stats
> BdiWriteback: 96 kB
> BdiReclaimable: 192 kB
> BdiDirtyThresh: 3090736 kB
> DirtyThresh: 650716 kB
> BackgroundThresh: 324960 kB
> BdiDirtied: 472512 kB
> BdiWritten: 470592 kB
> BdiWriteBandwidth: 106268 kBps
> b_dirty: 2
> b_io: 0
> b_more_io: 0
> b_dirty_time: 0
> bdi_list: 1
> state: 1
>
>
> @kemeng, is this a normal behavior or an issue ?
>
> Thanks,
> Jim Zhao
>
>
> > With the strictlimit flag, wb_thresh acts as a hard limit in
> > balance_dirty_pages() and wb_position_ratio(). When device write
> > operations are inactive, wb_thresh can drop to 0, causing writes to be
> > blocked. The issue occasionally occurs in fuse fs, particularly with
> > network backends, the write thread is blocked frequently during a period.
> > To address it, this patch raises the minimum wb_thresh to a controllable
> > level, similar to the non-strictlimit case.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Jim Zhao <jimzhao.ai@gmail.com>
> > ---
> > Changes in v2:
> > 1. Consolidate all wb_thresh bumping logic in __wb_calc_thresh for consistency;
> > 2. Replace the limit variable with thresh for calculating the bump value,
> > as __wb_calc_thresh is also used to calculate the background threshold;
> > 3. Add domain_dirty_avail in wb_calc_thresh to get dtc->dirty.
> > ---
> > mm/page-writeback.c | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
> > 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/mm/page-writeback.c b/mm/page-writeback.c
> > index e5a9eb795f99..8b13bcb42de3 100644
> > --- a/mm/page-writeback.c
> > +++ b/mm/page-writeback.c
> > @@ -917,7 +917,9 @@ static unsigned long __wb_calc_thresh(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
> > unsigned long thresh)
> > {
> > struct wb_domain *dom = dtc_dom(dtc);
> > + struct bdi_writeback *wb = dtc->wb;
> > u64 wb_thresh;
> > + u64 wb_max_thresh;
> > unsigned long numerator, denominator;
> > unsigned long wb_min_ratio, wb_max_ratio;
> >
> > @@ -931,11 +933,27 @@ static unsigned long __wb_calc_thresh(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
> > wb_thresh *= numerator;
> > wb_thresh = div64_ul(wb_thresh, denominator);
> >
> > - wb_min_max_ratio(dtc->wb, &wb_min_ratio, &wb_max_ratio);
> > + wb_min_max_ratio(wb, &wb_min_ratio, &wb_max_ratio);
> >
> > wb_thresh += (thresh * wb_min_ratio) / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
> > - if (wb_thresh > (thresh * wb_max_ratio) / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE))
> > - wb_thresh = thresh * wb_max_ratio / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
> > +
> > + /*
> > + * It's very possible that wb_thresh is close to 0 not because the
> > + * device is slow, but that it has remained inactive for long time.
> > + * Honour such devices a reasonable good (hopefully IO efficient)
> > + * threshold, so that the occasional writes won't be blocked and active
> > + * writes can rampup the threshold quickly.
> > + */
> > + if (thresh > dtc->dirty) {
> > + if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT))
> > + wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (thresh - dtc->dirty) / 100);
> > + else
> > + wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (thresh - dtc->dirty) / 8);
> > + }
> > +
> > + wb_max_thresh = thresh * wb_max_ratio / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
> > + if (wb_thresh > wb_max_thresh)
> > + wb_thresh = wb_max_thresh;
> >
> > return wb_thresh;
> > }
> > @@ -944,6 +962,7 @@ unsigned long wb_calc_thresh(struct bdi_writeback *wb, unsigned long thresh)
> > {
> > struct dirty_throttle_control gdtc = { GDTC_INIT(wb) };
> >
> > + domain_dirty_avail(&gdtc, true);
> > return __wb_calc_thresh(&gdtc, thresh);
> > }
> >
> > @@ -1120,12 +1139,6 @@ static void wb_position_ratio(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
> > if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT)) {
> > long long wb_pos_ratio;
> >
> > - if (dtc->wb_dirty < 8) {
> > - dtc->pos_ratio = min_t(long long, pos_ratio * 2,
> > - 2 << RATELIMIT_CALC_SHIFT);
> > - return;
> > - }
> > -
> > if (dtc->wb_dirty >= wb_thresh)
> > return;
> >
> > @@ -1196,14 +1209,6 @@ static void wb_position_ratio(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
> > */
> > if (unlikely(wb_thresh > dtc->thresh))
> > wb_thresh = dtc->thresh;
> > - /*
> > - * It's very possible that wb_thresh is close to 0 not because the
> > - * device is slow, but that it has remained inactive for long time.
> > - * Honour such devices a reasonable good (hopefully IO efficient)
> > - * threshold, so that the occasional writes won't be blocked and active
> > - * writes can rampup the threshold quickly.
> > - */
> > - wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (limit - dtc->dirty) / 8);
> > /*
> > * scale global setpoint to wb's:
> > * wb_setpoint = setpoint * wb_thresh / thresh
> > @@ -1459,17 +1464,10 @@ static void wb_update_dirty_ratelimit(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
> > * balanced_dirty_ratelimit = task_ratelimit * write_bw / dirty_rate).
> > * Hence, to calculate "step" properly, we have to use wb_dirty as
> > * "dirty" and wb_setpoint as "setpoint".
> > - *
> > - * We rampup dirty_ratelimit forcibly if wb_dirty is low because
> > - * it's possible that wb_thresh is close to zero due to inactivity
> > - * of backing device.
> > */
> > if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT)) {
> > dirty = dtc->wb_dirty;
> > - if (dtc->wb_dirty < 8)
> > - setpoint = dtc->wb_dirty + 1;
> > - else
> > - setpoint = (dtc->wb_thresh + dtc->wb_bg_thresh) / 2;
> > + setpoint = (dtc->wb_thresh + dtc->wb_bg_thresh) / 2;
> > }
> >
> > if (dirty < setpoint) {
> > --
> > 2.20.1
--
Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
SUSE Labs, CR
> On Tue 19-11-24 20:29:22, Jim Zhao wrote: > > Thanks, Jan, I just sent patch v2, could you please review it ? > > Yes, the patch looks good to me. > > > > > And I found the debug info in the bdi stats. > > The BdiDirtyThresh value may be greater than DirtyThresh, and after > > applying this patch, the value of BdiDirtyThresh could become even > > larger. > > > > without patch: > > --- > > root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0# cat stats > > BdiWriteback: 0 kB > > BdiReclaimable: 96 kB > > BdiDirtyThresh: 1346824 kB > > But this is odd. The machine appears to have around 3GB of memory, doesn't > it? I suspect this is caused by multiple cgroup-writeback contexts > contributing to BdiDirtyThresh - in fact I think the math in > bdi_collect_stats() is wrong as it is adding wb_thresh() calculated based > on global dirty_thresh for each cgwb whereas it should be adding > wb_thresh() calculated based on per-memcg dirty_thresh... You can have a > look at /sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0/wb_stats file which should have correct > limits as far as I'm reading the code. Thanks for review! Yes, It should be caused by multiple cgroup-writeback with bdi_collect_stats issue. @Andrew, I sent patch v2 according Jan's suggestion. Since patch v1 already in tree. So I sent out the diff of v1 -> v2: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20241121100539.605818-1-jimzhao.ai@gmail.com/ Could you please review it, thanks! Jim Zhao
on 11/19/2024 8:29 PM, Jim Zhao wrote:
> Thanks, Jan, I just sent patch v2, could you please review it ?
>
> And I found the debug info in the bdi stats.
> The BdiDirtyThresh value may be greater than DirtyThresh, and after applying this patch, the value of BdiDirtyThresh could become even larger.
>
> without patch:
> ---
> root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0# cat stats
> BdiWriteback: 0 kB
> BdiReclaimable: 96 kB
> BdiDirtyThresh: 1346824 kB
> DirtyThresh: 673412 kB
> BackgroundThresh: 336292 kB
> BdiDirtied: 19872 kB
> BdiWritten: 19776 kB
> BdiWriteBandwidth: 0 kBps
> b_dirty: 0
> b_io: 0
> b_more_io: 0
> b_dirty_time: 0
> bdi_list: 1
> state: 1
>
> with patch:
> ---
> root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0# cat stats
> BdiWriteback: 96 kB
> BdiReclaimable: 192 kB
> BdiDirtyThresh: 3090736 kB
> DirtyThresh: 650716 kB
> BackgroundThresh: 324960 kB
> BdiDirtied: 472512 kB
> BdiWritten: 470592 kB
> BdiWriteBandwidth: 106268 kBps
> b_dirty: 2
> b_io: 0
> b_more_io: 0
> b_dirty_time: 0
> bdi_list: 1
> state: 1
>
>
> @kemeng, is this a normal behavior or an issue ?
Hello, this is not a normal behavior, could you aslo send the content in
wb_stats and configuired bdi_min_ratio.
I think the improper use of bdi_min_ratio may cause the issue.
Thanks,
Kemeng
>
> Thanks,
> Jim Zhao
>
>
>> With the strictlimit flag, wb_thresh acts as a hard limit in
>> balance_dirty_pages() and wb_position_ratio(). When device write
>> operations are inactive, wb_thresh can drop to 0, causing writes to be
>> blocked. The issue occasionally occurs in fuse fs, particularly with
>> network backends, the write thread is blocked frequently during a period.
>> To address it, this patch raises the minimum wb_thresh to a controllable
>> level, similar to the non-strictlimit case.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Jim Zhao <jimzhao.ai@gmail.com>
>> ---
>> Changes in v2:
>> 1. Consolidate all wb_thresh bumping logic in __wb_calc_thresh for consistency;
>> 2. Replace the limit variable with thresh for calculating the bump value,
>> as __wb_calc_thresh is also used to calculate the background threshold;
>> 3. Add domain_dirty_avail in wb_calc_thresh to get dtc->dirty.
>> ---
>> mm/page-writeback.c | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
>> 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/mm/page-writeback.c b/mm/page-writeback.c
>> index e5a9eb795f99..8b13bcb42de3 100644
>> --- a/mm/page-writeback.c
>> +++ b/mm/page-writeback.c
>> @@ -917,7 +917,9 @@ static unsigned long __wb_calc_thresh(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
>> unsigned long thresh)
>> {
>> struct wb_domain *dom = dtc_dom(dtc);
>> + struct bdi_writeback *wb = dtc->wb;
>> u64 wb_thresh;
>> + u64 wb_max_thresh;
>> unsigned long numerator, denominator;
>> unsigned long wb_min_ratio, wb_max_ratio;
>>
>> @@ -931,11 +933,27 @@ static unsigned long __wb_calc_thresh(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
>> wb_thresh *= numerator;
>> wb_thresh = div64_ul(wb_thresh, denominator);
>>
>> - wb_min_max_ratio(dtc->wb, &wb_min_ratio, &wb_max_ratio);
>> + wb_min_max_ratio(wb, &wb_min_ratio, &wb_max_ratio);
>>
>> wb_thresh += (thresh * wb_min_ratio) / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
>> - if (wb_thresh > (thresh * wb_max_ratio) / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE))
>> - wb_thresh = thresh * wb_max_ratio / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
>> +
>> + /*
>> + * It's very possible that wb_thresh is close to 0 not because the
>> + * device is slow, but that it has remained inactive for long time.
>> + * Honour such devices a reasonable good (hopefully IO efficient)
>> + * threshold, so that the occasional writes won't be blocked and active
>> + * writes can rampup the threshold quickly.
>> + */
>> + if (thresh > dtc->dirty) {
>> + if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT))
>> + wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (thresh - dtc->dirty) / 100);
>> + else
>> + wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (thresh - dtc->dirty) / 8);
>> + }
>> +
>> + wb_max_thresh = thresh * wb_max_ratio / (100 * BDI_RATIO_SCALE);
>> + if (wb_thresh > wb_max_thresh)
>> + wb_thresh = wb_max_thresh;
>>
>> return wb_thresh;
>> }
>> @@ -944,6 +962,7 @@ unsigned long wb_calc_thresh(struct bdi_writeback *wb, unsigned long thresh)
>> {
>> struct dirty_throttle_control gdtc = { GDTC_INIT(wb) };
>>
>> + domain_dirty_avail(&gdtc, true);
>> return __wb_calc_thresh(&gdtc, thresh);
>> }
>>
>> @@ -1120,12 +1139,6 @@ static void wb_position_ratio(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
>> if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT)) {
>> long long wb_pos_ratio;
>>
>> - if (dtc->wb_dirty < 8) {
>> - dtc->pos_ratio = min_t(long long, pos_ratio * 2,
>> - 2 << RATELIMIT_CALC_SHIFT);
>> - return;
>> - }
>> -
>> if (dtc->wb_dirty >= wb_thresh)
>> return;
>>
>> @@ -1196,14 +1209,6 @@ static void wb_position_ratio(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
>> */
>> if (unlikely(wb_thresh > dtc->thresh))
>> wb_thresh = dtc->thresh;
>> - /*
>> - * It's very possible that wb_thresh is close to 0 not because the
>> - * device is slow, but that it has remained inactive for long time.
>> - * Honour such devices a reasonable good (hopefully IO efficient)
>> - * threshold, so that the occasional writes won't be blocked and active
>> - * writes can rampup the threshold quickly.
>> - */
>> - wb_thresh = max(wb_thresh, (limit - dtc->dirty) / 8);
>> /*
>> * scale global setpoint to wb's:
>> * wb_setpoint = setpoint * wb_thresh / thresh
>> @@ -1459,17 +1464,10 @@ static void wb_update_dirty_ratelimit(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc,
>> * balanced_dirty_ratelimit = task_ratelimit * write_bw / dirty_rate).
>> * Hence, to calculate "step" properly, we have to use wb_dirty as
>> * "dirty" and wb_setpoint as "setpoint".
>> - *
>> - * We rampup dirty_ratelimit forcibly if wb_dirty is low because
>> - * it's possible that wb_thresh is close to zero due to inactivity
>> - * of backing device.
>> */
>> if (unlikely(wb->bdi->capabilities & BDI_CAP_STRICTLIMIT)) {
>> dirty = dtc->wb_dirty;
>> - if (dtc->wb_dirty < 8)
>> - setpoint = dtc->wb_dirty + 1;
>> - else
>> - setpoint = (dtc->wb_thresh + dtc->wb_bg_thresh) / 2;
>> + setpoint = (dtc->wb_thresh + dtc->wb_bg_thresh) / 2;
>> }
>>
>> if (dirty < setpoint) {
>> --
>> 2.20.1
>
> on 11/19/2024 8:29 PM, Jim Zhao wrote: > > Thanks, Jan, I just sent patch v2, could you please review it ? > > > > And I found the debug info in the bdi stats. > > The BdiDirtyThresh value may be greater than DirtyThresh, and after applying this patch, the value of BdiDirtyThresh could become even larger. > > > > without patch: > > --- > > root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0# cat stats > > BdiWriteback: 0 kB > > BdiReclaimable: 96 kB > > BdiDirtyThresh: 1346824 kB > > DirtyThresh: 673412 kB > > BackgroundThresh: 336292 kB > > BdiDirtied: 19872 kB > > BdiWritten: 19776 kB > > BdiWriteBandwidth: 0 kBps > > b_dirty: 0 > > b_io: 0 > > b_more_io: 0 > > b_dirty_time: 0 > > bdi_list: 1 > > state: 1 > > > > with patch: > > --- > > root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0# cat stats > > BdiWriteback: 96 kB > > BdiReclaimable: 192 kB > > BdiDirtyThresh: 3090736 kB > > DirtyThresh: 650716 kB > > BackgroundThresh: 324960 kB > > BdiDirtied: 472512 kB > > BdiWritten: 470592 kB > > BdiWriteBandwidth: 106268 kBps > > b_dirty: 2 > > b_io: 0 > > b_more_io: 0 > > b_dirty_time: 0 > > bdi_list: 1 > > state: 1 > > > > > > @kemeng, is this a normal behavior or an issue ? > Hello, this is not a normal behavior, could you aslo send the content in > wb_stats and configuired bdi_min_ratio. > I think the improper use of bdi_min_ratio may cause the issue. the min_ratio is 0 --- root@ubuntu:/sys/class/bdi/8:0# cat min_bytes 0 root@ubuntu:/sys/class/bdi/8:0# cat min_ratio 0 root@ubuntu:/sys/class/bdi/8:0# cat min_ratio_fine 0 wb_stats: --- root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0# cat stats BdiWriteback: 0 kB BdiReclaimable: 480 kB BdiDirtyThresh: 1664700 kB DirtyThresh: 554900 kB BackgroundThresh: 277108 kB BdiDirtied: 82752 kB BdiWritten: 82752 kB BdiWriteBandwidth: 205116 kBps b_dirty: 6 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 bdi_list: 1 state: 1 root@ubuntu:/sys/kernel/debug/bdi/8:0# cat wb_stats WbCgIno: 1 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 96 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 33600 kB WbWritten: 33600 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 148 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 416 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 288 kB WbDirtyThresh: 554836 kB WbDirtied: 47616 kB WbWritten: 47424 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 168 kBps b_dirty: 1 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 5 WbCgIno: 1319 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 1835 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 29 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 101752 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 158 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 101756 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 2498 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 3358 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 3573 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 3659 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 3186 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 96 kB WbDirtyThresh: 554788 kB WbDirtied: 1056 kB WbWritten: 1152 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 152 kBps b_dirty: 1 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 5 WbCgIno: 3315 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 384 kB WbWritten: 384 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 98876 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 72 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 554836 kB WbDirtied: 96 kB WbWritten: 192 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 4 kBps b_dirty: 1 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 5 WbCgIno: 3616 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 100308 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 4132 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 3401 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 4517 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 4846 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 4982 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 100468 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 5369 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 96 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 75104 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 5627 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 6235 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 6192 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 6500 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 4617 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 6958 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 5670 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 1 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 5 WbCgIno: 5870 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 5025 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 7990 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 91500 kBps b_dirty: 1 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 5 WbCgIno: 8033 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 2842 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 WbCgIno: 11129 WbWriteback: 0 kB WbReclaimable: 0 kB WbDirtyThresh: 0 kB WbDirtied: 0 kB WbWritten: 0 kB WbWriteBandwidth: 102400 kBps b_dirty: 0 b_io: 0 b_more_io: 0 b_dirty_time: 0 state: 1 ubuntu24.04 desktop + kernel 6.12.0 default cgroups, not configured manually. --- Thanks Jim Zhao
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