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[PATCH v2] uprobe: avoid out-of-bounds memory access of fetching args

Ma Qiao posted 1 patch 1 month, 1 week ago 
kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c | 9 ++++++---
1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
[PATCH v2] uprobe: avoid out-of-bounds memory access of fetching args
Posted by Ma Qiao 1 month, 1 week ago 
From: Qiao Ma <mqaio@linux.alibaba.com>

Uprobe needs to fetch args into a percpu buffer, and then copy to ring
buffer to avoid non-atomic context problem.

Sometimes user-space strings, arrays can be very large, but the size of
percpu buffer is only page size. And store_trace_args() won't check
whether these data exceeds a single page or not, caused out-of-bounds
memory access.

It could be reproduced by following steps:
1. build kernel with CONFIG_KASAN enabled
2. save follow program as test.c

```
\#include <stdio.h>
\#include <stdlib.h>
\#include <string.h>

// If string length large than MAX_STRING_SIZE, the fetch_store_strlen()
// will return 0, cause __get_data_size() return shorter size, and
// store_trace_args() will not trigger out-of-bounds access.
// So make string length less than 4096.
\#define STRLEN 4093

void generate_string(char *str, int n)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        char c = i % 26 + 'a';
        str[i] = c;
    }
    str[n-1] = '\0';
}

void print_string(char *str)
{
    printf("%s\n", str);
}

int main()
{
    char tmp[STRLEN];

    generate_string(tmp, STRLEN);
    print_string(tmp);

    return 0;
}
```
3. compile program
`gcc -o test test.c`

4. get the offset of `print_string()`
```
objdump -t test | grep -w print_string
0000000000401199 g     F .text  000000000000001b              print_string
```

5. configure uprobe with offset 0x1199
```
off=0x1199

cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/
echo "p /root/test:${off} arg1=+0(%di):ustring arg2=\$comm arg3=+0(%di):ustring"
 > uprobe_events
echo 1 > events/uprobes/enable
echo 1 > tracing_on
```

6. run `test`, and kasan will report error.
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in strncpy_from_user+0x1d6/0x1f0
Write of size 8 at addr ffff88812311c004 by task test/499CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 499 Comm: test Not tainted 6.12.0-rc3+ #18
Hardware name: Red Hat KVM, BIOS 1.16.0-4.al8 04/01/2014
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x55/0x70
 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x27/0x310
 kasan_report+0x10f/0x120
 ? strncpy_from_user+0x1d6/0x1f0
 strncpy_from_user+0x1d6/0x1f0
 ? rmqueue.constprop.0+0x70d/0x2ad0
 process_fetch_insn+0xb26/0x1470
 ? __pfx_process_fetch_insn+0x10/0x10
 ? _raw_spin_lock+0x85/0xe0
 ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock+0x10/0x10
 ? __pte_offset_map+0x1f/0x2d0
 ? unwind_next_frame+0xc5f/0x1f80
 ? arch_stack_walk+0x68/0xf0
 ? is_bpf_text_address+0x23/0x30
 ? kernel_text_address.part.0+0xbb/0xd0
 ? __kernel_text_address+0x66/0xb0
 ? unwind_get_return_address+0x5e/0xa0
 ? __pfx_stack_trace_consume_entry+0x10/0x10
 ? arch_stack_walk+0xa2/0xf0
 ? _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x8b/0xf0
 ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x10/0x10
 ? depot_alloc_stack+0x4c/0x1f0
 ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0xe/0x30
 ? stack_depot_save_flags+0x35d/0x4f0
 ? kasan_save_stack+0x34/0x50
 ? kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50
 ? mutex_lock+0x91/0xe0
 ? __pfx_mutex_lock+0x10/0x10
 prepare_uprobe_buffer.part.0+0x2cd/0x500
 uprobe_dispatcher+0x2c3/0x6a0
 ? __pfx_uprobe_dispatcher+0x10/0x10
 ? __kasan_slab_alloc+0x4d/0x90
 handler_chain+0xdd/0x3e0
 handle_swbp+0x26e/0x3d0
 ? __pfx_handle_swbp+0x10/0x10
 ? uprobe_pre_sstep_notifier+0x151/0x1b0
 irqentry_exit_to_user_mode+0xe2/0x1b0
 asm_exc_int3+0x39/0x40
RIP: 0033:0x401199
Code: 01 c2 0f b6 45 fb 88 02 83 45 fc 01 8b 45 fc 3b 45 e4 7c b7 8b 45 e4 48 98 48 8d 50 ff 48 8b 45 e8 48 01 d0 ce
RSP: 002b:00007ffdf00576a8 EFLAGS: 00000206
RAX: 00007ffdf00576b0 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000ff2
RDX: 0000000000000ffc RSI: 0000000000000ffd RDI: 00007ffdf00576b0
RBP: 00007ffdf00586b0 R08: 00007feb2f9c0d20 R09: 00007feb2f9c0d20
R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000401040
R13: 00007ffdf0058780 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
 </TASK>

This commit enforces the buffer's maxlen less than a page-size to avoid
store_trace_args() out-of-memory access.

Fixes: dcad1a204f72 ("tracing/uprobes: Fetch args before reserving a ring buffer")
Signed-off-by: Qiao Ma <mqaio@linux.alibaba.com>
---
 kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c | 9 ++++++---
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c b/kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c
index c40531d2cbadd..13f9270ed5ab4 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c
@@ -875,6 +875,7 @@ struct uprobe_cpu_buffer {
 };
 static struct uprobe_cpu_buffer __percpu *uprobe_cpu_buffer;
 static int uprobe_buffer_refcnt;
+#define MAX_UCB_BUFFER_SIZE PAGE_SIZE
 
 static int uprobe_buffer_init(void)
 {
@@ -979,6 +980,11 @@ static struct uprobe_cpu_buffer *prepare_uprobe_buffer(struct trace_uprobe *tu,
 	ucb = uprobe_buffer_get();
 	ucb->dsize = tu->tp.size + dsize;
 
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ucb->dsize > MAX_UCB_BUFFER_SIZE)) {
+		ucb->dsize = MAX_UCB_BUFFER_SIZE;
+		dsize = MAX_UCB_BUFFER_SIZE - tu->tp.size;
+	}
+
 	store_trace_args(ucb->buf, &tu->tp, regs, NULL, esize, dsize);
 
 	*ucbp = ucb;
@@ -998,9 +1004,6 @@ static void __uprobe_trace_func(struct trace_uprobe *tu,
 
 	WARN_ON(call != trace_file->event_call);
 
-	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ucb->dsize > PAGE_SIZE))
-		return;
-
 	if (trace_trigger_soft_disabled(trace_file))
 		return;
 
-- 
2.43.5
Re: [PATCH v2] uprobe: avoid out-of-bounds memory access of fetching args
Posted by Masami Hiramatsu (Google) 1 month ago 
On Tue, 15 Oct 2024 14:01:48 +0800
Ma Qiao <mqaio@linux.alibaba.com> wrote:

> From: Qiao Ma <mqaio@linux.alibaba.com>
> 
> Uprobe needs to fetch args into a percpu buffer, and then copy to ring
> buffer to avoid non-atomic context problem.
> 
> Sometimes user-space strings, arrays can be very large, but the size of
> percpu buffer is only page size. And store_trace_args() won't check
> whether these data exceeds a single page or not, caused out-of-bounds
> memory access.
> 
> It could be reproduced by following steps:
> 1. build kernel with CONFIG_KASAN enabled
> 2. save follow program as test.c
> 
> ```
> \#include <stdio.h>
> \#include <stdlib.h>
> \#include <string.h>
> 
> // If string length large than MAX_STRING_SIZE, the fetch_store_strlen()
> // will return 0, cause __get_data_size() return shorter size, and
> // store_trace_args() will not trigger out-of-bounds access.
> // So make string length less than 4096.
> \#define STRLEN 4093
> 
> void generate_string(char *str, int n)
> {
>     int i;
>     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
>     {
>         char c = i % 26 + 'a';
>         str[i] = c;
>     }
>     str[n-1] = '\0';
> }
> 
> void print_string(char *str)
> {
>     printf("%s\n", str);
> }
> 
> int main()
> {
>     char tmp[STRLEN];
> 
>     generate_string(tmp, STRLEN);
>     print_string(tmp);
> 
>     return 0;
> }
> ```
> 3. compile program
> `gcc -o test test.c`
> 
> 4. get the offset of `print_string()`
> ```
> objdump -t test | grep -w print_string
> 0000000000401199 g     F .text  000000000000001b              print_string
> ```
> 
> 5. configure uprobe with offset 0x1199
> ```
> off=0x1199
> 
> cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/
> echo "p /root/test:${off} arg1=+0(%di):ustring arg2=\$comm arg3=+0(%di):ustring"
>  > uprobe_events
> echo 1 > events/uprobes/enable
> echo 1 > tracing_on
> ```
> 
> 6. run `test`, and kasan will report error.
> ==================================================================
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in strncpy_from_user+0x1d6/0x1f0
> Write of size 8 at addr ffff88812311c004 by task test/499CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 499 Comm: test Not tainted 6.12.0-rc3+ #18
> Hardware name: Red Hat KVM, BIOS 1.16.0-4.al8 04/01/2014
> Call Trace:
>  <TASK>
>  dump_stack_lvl+0x55/0x70
>  print_address_description.constprop.0+0x27/0x310
>  kasan_report+0x10f/0x120
>  ? strncpy_from_user+0x1d6/0x1f0
>  strncpy_from_user+0x1d6/0x1f0
>  ? rmqueue.constprop.0+0x70d/0x2ad0
>  process_fetch_insn+0xb26/0x1470
>  ? __pfx_process_fetch_insn+0x10/0x10
>  ? _raw_spin_lock+0x85/0xe0
>  ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock+0x10/0x10
>  ? __pte_offset_map+0x1f/0x2d0
>  ? unwind_next_frame+0xc5f/0x1f80
>  ? arch_stack_walk+0x68/0xf0
>  ? is_bpf_text_address+0x23/0x30
>  ? kernel_text_address.part.0+0xbb/0xd0
>  ? __kernel_text_address+0x66/0xb0
>  ? unwind_get_return_address+0x5e/0xa0
>  ? __pfx_stack_trace_consume_entry+0x10/0x10
>  ? arch_stack_walk+0xa2/0xf0
>  ? _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x8b/0xf0
>  ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x10/0x10
>  ? depot_alloc_stack+0x4c/0x1f0
>  ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0xe/0x30
>  ? stack_depot_save_flags+0x35d/0x4f0
>  ? kasan_save_stack+0x34/0x50
>  ? kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50
>  ? mutex_lock+0x91/0xe0
>  ? __pfx_mutex_lock+0x10/0x10
>  prepare_uprobe_buffer.part.0+0x2cd/0x500
>  uprobe_dispatcher+0x2c3/0x6a0
>  ? __pfx_uprobe_dispatcher+0x10/0x10
>  ? __kasan_slab_alloc+0x4d/0x90
>  handler_chain+0xdd/0x3e0
>  handle_swbp+0x26e/0x3d0
>  ? __pfx_handle_swbp+0x10/0x10
>  ? uprobe_pre_sstep_notifier+0x151/0x1b0
>  irqentry_exit_to_user_mode+0xe2/0x1b0
>  asm_exc_int3+0x39/0x40
> RIP: 0033:0x401199
> Code: 01 c2 0f b6 45 fb 88 02 83 45 fc 01 8b 45 fc 3b 45 e4 7c b7 8b 45 e4 48 98 48 8d 50 ff 48 8b 45 e8 48 01 d0 ce
> RSP: 002b:00007ffdf00576a8 EFLAGS: 00000206
> RAX: 00007ffdf00576b0 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000ff2
> RDX: 0000000000000ffc RSI: 0000000000000ffd RDI: 00007ffdf00576b0
> RBP: 00007ffdf00586b0 R08: 00007feb2f9c0d20 R09: 00007feb2f9c0d20
> R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000401040
> R13: 00007ffdf0058780 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
>  </TASK>
> 
> This commit enforces the buffer's maxlen less than a page-size to avoid
> store_trace_args() out-of-memory access.
> 

This looks good to me. let me pick it.

Thanks!

> Fixes: dcad1a204f72 ("tracing/uprobes: Fetch args before reserving a ring buffer")
> Signed-off-by: Qiao Ma <mqaio@linux.alibaba.com>
> ---
>  kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c | 9 ++++++---
>  1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c b/kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c
> index c40531d2cbadd..13f9270ed5ab4 100644
> --- a/kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c
> +++ b/kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c
> @@ -875,6 +875,7 @@ struct uprobe_cpu_buffer {
>  };
>  static struct uprobe_cpu_buffer __percpu *uprobe_cpu_buffer;
>  static int uprobe_buffer_refcnt;
> +#define MAX_UCB_BUFFER_SIZE PAGE_SIZE
>  
>  static int uprobe_buffer_init(void)
>  {
> @@ -979,6 +980,11 @@ static struct uprobe_cpu_buffer *prepare_uprobe_buffer(struct trace_uprobe *tu,
>  	ucb = uprobe_buffer_get();
>  	ucb->dsize = tu->tp.size + dsize;
>  
> +	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ucb->dsize > MAX_UCB_BUFFER_SIZE)) {
> +		ucb->dsize = MAX_UCB_BUFFER_SIZE;
> +		dsize = MAX_UCB_BUFFER_SIZE - tu->tp.size;
> +	}
> +
>  	store_trace_args(ucb->buf, &tu->tp, regs, NULL, esize, dsize);
>  
>  	*ucbp = ucb;
> @@ -998,9 +1004,6 @@ static void __uprobe_trace_func(struct trace_uprobe *tu,
>  
>  	WARN_ON(call != trace_file->event_call);
>  
> -	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ucb->dsize > PAGE_SIZE))
> -		return;
> -
>  	if (trace_trigger_soft_disabled(trace_file))
>  		return;
>  
> -- 
> 2.43.5
> 
> 


-- 
Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>

Patchew 2.1-devel-b67e4c2

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