From: Andy Chiu <andy.chiu@sifive.com>

Runtime code patching must be done at a naturally aligned address, or we
may execute on a partial instruction.

We have encountered problems traced back to static jump functions during
the test. We switched the tracer randomly for every 1~5 seconds on a
dual-core QEMU setup and found the kernel sucking at a static branch
where it jumps to itself.

The reason is that the static branch was 2-byte but not 4-byte aligned.
Then, the kernel would patch the instruction, either J or NOP, with two
half-word stores if the machine does not have efficient unaligned
accesses. Thus, moments exist where half of the NOP mixes with the other
half of the J when transitioning the branch. In our particular case, on
a little-endian machine, the upper half of the NOP was mixed with the
lower part of the J when enabling the branch, resulting in a jump that
jumped to itself. Conversely, it would result in a HINT instruction when
disabling the branch, but it might not be observable.

ARM64 does not have this problem since all instructions must be 4-byte
aligned.

Fixes: ebc00dde8a97 ("riscv: Add jump-label implementation")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/20220913094252.3555240-6-andy.chiu@sifive.com/
Reviewed-by: Greentime Hu <greentime.hu@sifive.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Chiu <andy.chiu@sifive.com>
Signed-off-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
---
This patch is independent from:
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/87pmangqpt.fsf@all.your.base.are.belong.to.us/
---
 arch/riscv/include/asm/jump_label.h | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/jump_label.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/jump_label.h
index 6d58bbb5da46..14a5ea8d8ef0 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/jump_label.h
+++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/jump_label.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key * const key,
 					       const bool branch)
 {
 	asm_volatile_goto(
+		"	.align		2			\n\t"
 		"	.option push				\n\t"
 		"	.option norelax				\n\t"
 		"	.option norvc				\n\t"
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch_jump(struct static_key * const ke
 						    const bool branch)
 {
 	asm_volatile_goto(
+		"	.align		2			\n\t"
 		"	.option push				\n\t"
 		"	.option norelax				\n\t"
 		"	.option norvc				\n\t"
-- 
2.36.1

Hello:

This patch was applied to riscv/linux.git (for-next)
by Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>:

On Mon,  6 Feb 2023 04:04:40 -0500 you wrote:
> From: Andy Chiu <andy.chiu@sifive.com>
> 
> Runtime code patching must be done at a naturally aligned address, or we
> may execute on a partial instruction.
> 
> We have encountered problems traced back to static jump functions during
> the test. We switched the tracer randomly for every 1~5 seconds on a
> dual-core QEMU setup and found the kernel sucking at a static branch
> where it jumps to itself.
> 
> [...]

Here is the summary with links:
  - [RESEND] riscv: jump_label: Fixup unaligned arch_static_branch function
    https://git.kernel.org/riscv/c/9ddfc3cd8060

You are awesome, thank you!
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