Commit 59b57717fff8 ("blkcg: delay blkg destruction until after
writeback has finished") delayed call to blkcg_destroy_blkgs() to
cgwb_release_workfn(). However, it is done after a css_put() of blkcg
which may be the final put that causes the blkcg to be freed as RCU
read lock isn't held.

Another place where blkcg_destroy_blkgs() can be called indirectly via
blkcg_unpin_online() is from the offline_css() function called from
css_killed_work_fn(). Over there, the potentially final css_put() call
is issued after offline_css().

By adding a css_tryget() into blkcg_destroy_blkgs() and warning its
failure, the following stack trace was produced in a test system on
bootup.

[   34.254240] RIP: 0010:blkcg_destroy_blkgs+0x16a/0x1a0
      :
[   34.339943] Call Trace:
[   34.344510]  blkcg_unpin_online+0x38/0x60
[   34.348523]  cgwb_release_workfn+0x6a/0x200
[   34.352708]  process_one_work+0x1e5/0x3b0
[   34.360758]  worker_thread+0x50/0x3a0
[   34.368447]  kthread+0xd9/0x100
[   34.376386]  ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30

This confirms that a potential UAF situation can really happen in
cgwb_release_workfn().

Fix that by delaying the css_put() until after the blkcg_unpin_online()
call. Also use css_tryget() in blkcg_destroy_blkgs() and issue a warning
if css_tryget() fails.

The reproducing system can no longer produce a warning with this patch.
All the runnable block/0* tests including block/027 were run successfully
without failure.

Fixes: 59b57717fff8 ("blkcg: delay blkg destruction until after writeback has finished")
Suggested-by: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com>
Reported-by: Yi Zhang <yi.zhang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
---
 block/blk-cgroup.c | 7 +++++++
 mm/backing-dev.c   | 8 ++++++--
 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/block/blk-cgroup.c b/block/blk-cgroup.c
index 1bb939d3b793..ca28306aa1b1 100644
--- a/block/blk-cgroup.c
+++ b/block/blk-cgroup.c
@@ -1084,6 +1084,13 @@ struct list_head *blkcg_get_cgwb_list(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
  */
 static void blkcg_destroy_blkgs(struct blkcg *blkcg)
 {
+	/*
+	 * blkcg_destroy_blkgs() shouldn't be called with all the blkcg
+	 * references gone.
+	 */
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(percpu_ref_is_zero(&blkcg->css.refcnt)))
+		return;
+
 	might_sleep();
 
 	spin_lock_irq(&blkcg->lock);
diff --git a/mm/backing-dev.c b/mm/backing-dev.c
index c30419a5e119..36f75b072325 100644
--- a/mm/backing-dev.c
+++ b/mm/backing-dev.c
@@ -390,11 +390,15 @@ static void cgwb_release_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
 	wb_shutdown(wb);
 
 	css_put(wb->memcg_css);
-	css_put(wb->blkcg_css);
 	mutex_unlock(&wb->bdi->cgwb_release_mutex);
 
-	/* triggers blkg destruction if no online users left */
+	/*
+	 * Triggers blkg destruction if no online users left
+	 * The final blkcg css_put() has to be done after blkcg_unpin_online()
+	 * to avoid use-after-free.
+	 */
 	blkcg_unpin_online(wb->blkcg_css);
+	css_put(wb->blkcg_css);
 
 	fprop_local_destroy_percpu(&wb->memcg_completions);
 
-- 
2.31.1

On Tue, Dec 13, 2022 at 01:44:45PM -0500, Waiman Long wrote:
> Commit 59b57717fff8 ("blkcg: delay blkg destruction until after
> writeback has finished") delayed call to blkcg_destroy_blkgs() to
> cgwb_release_workfn(). However, it is done after a css_put() of blkcg
> which may be the final put that causes the blkcg to be freed as RCU
> read lock isn't held.
> 
> Another place where blkcg_destroy_blkgs() can be called indirectly via
> blkcg_unpin_online() is from the offline_css() function called from
> css_killed_work_fn(). Over there, the potentially final css_put() call
> is issued after offline_css().
> 
> By adding a css_tryget() into blkcg_destroy_blkgs() and warning its
> failure, the following stack trace was produced in a test system on
> bootup.

This doesn't agree with the code anymore. Otherwise

Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>

Thanks.

-- 
tejun

On 12/13/22 14:29, Tejun Heo wrote:
> On Tue, Dec 13, 2022 at 01:44:45PM -0500, Waiman Long wrote:
>> Commit 59b57717fff8 ("blkcg: delay blkg destruction until after
>> writeback has finished") delayed call to blkcg_destroy_blkgs() to
>> cgwb_release_workfn(). However, it is done after a css_put() of blkcg
>> which may be the final put that causes the blkcg to be freed as RCU
>> read lock isn't held.
>>
>> Another place where blkcg_destroy_blkgs() can be called indirectly via
>> blkcg_unpin_online() is from the offline_css() function called from
>> css_killed_work_fn(). Over there, the potentially final css_put() call
>> is issued after offline_css().
>>
>> By adding a css_tryget() into blkcg_destroy_blkgs() and warning its
>> failure, the following stack trace was produced in a test system on
>> bootup.
> This doesn't agree with the code anymore. Otherwise
>
> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>

Sorry, I overlooked the commit log in my update. I will update it if I 
need another version, or Jens can make the following edit:

css_tryget() -> percpu_ref_is_zero().

Thanks,
Longman

On 12/13/22 12:53 PM, Waiman Long wrote:
> 
> On 12/13/22 14:29, Tejun Heo wrote:
>> On Tue, Dec 13, 2022 at 01:44:45PM -0500, Waiman Long wrote:
>>> Commit 59b57717fff8 ("blkcg: delay blkg destruction until after
>>> writeback has finished") delayed call to blkcg_destroy_blkgs() to
>>> cgwb_release_workfn(). However, it is done after a css_put() of blkcg
>>> which may be the final put that causes the blkcg to be freed as RCU
>>> read lock isn't held.
>>>
>>> Another place where blkcg_destroy_blkgs() can be called indirectly via
>>> blkcg_unpin_online() is from the offline_css() function called from
>>> css_killed_work_fn(). Over there, the potentially final css_put() call
>>> is issued after offline_css().
>>>
>>> By adding a css_tryget() into blkcg_destroy_blkgs() and warning its
>>> failure, the following stack trace was produced in a test system on
>>> bootup.
>> This doesn't agree with the code anymore. Otherwise
>>
>> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
> 
> Sorry, I overlooked the commit log in my update. I will update it if I need another version, or Jens can make the following edit:
> 
> css_tryget() -> percpu_ref_is_zero().

Since the other one also needs an edit, would be great if you could
just send out a v4.

-- 
Jens Axboe

On 12/14/22 11:54, Jens Axboe wrote:
> On 12/13/22 12:53 PM, Waiman Long wrote:
>> On 12/13/22 14:29, Tejun Heo wrote:
>>> On Tue, Dec 13, 2022 at 01:44:45PM -0500, Waiman Long wrote:
>>>> Commit 59b57717fff8 ("blkcg: delay blkg destruction until after
>>>> writeback has finished") delayed call to blkcg_destroy_blkgs() to
>>>> cgwb_release_workfn(). However, it is done after a css_put() of blkcg
>>>> which may be the final put that causes the blkcg to be freed as RCU
>>>> read lock isn't held.
>>>>
>>>> Another place where blkcg_destroy_blkgs() can be called indirectly via
>>>> blkcg_unpin_online() is from the offline_css() function called from
>>>> css_killed_work_fn(). Over there, the potentially final css_put() call
>>>> is issued after offline_css().
>>>>
>>>> By adding a css_tryget() into blkcg_destroy_blkgs() and warning its
>>>> failure, the following stack trace was produced in a test system on
>>>> bootup.
>>> This doesn't agree with the code anymore. Otherwise
>>>
>>> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
>> Sorry, I overlooked the commit log in my update. I will update it if I need another version, or Jens can make the following edit:
>>
>> css_tryget() -> percpu_ref_is_zero().
> Since the other one also needs an edit, would be great if you could
> just send out a v4.
>
Sure, will do that.

Cheers,
Longman