[PATCH v2 4/9] pnv/phb4: Implement read-only and write-only bits of registers

Saif Abrar posted 9 patches 1 month, 1 week ago
Maintainers: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>, Aditya Gupta <adityag@linux.ibm.com>, Glenn Miles <milesg@linux.ibm.com>, Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>, Laurent Vivier <lvivier@redhat.com>, Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
[PATCH v2 4/9] pnv/phb4: Implement read-only and write-only bits of registers
Posted by Saif Abrar 1 month, 1 week ago
SW cannot write the read-only(RO) bits of a register
and write-only(WO) bits of a register return 0 when read.

Added ro_mask[] for each register that defines which
bits in that register are RO.
When writing to a register, the RO-bits are not updated.

When reading a register, clear the WO bits and return the updated value.

Tested the registers PHB_DMA_SYNC, PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS, PHB_PCIE_LMR,
PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL, PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK and PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK
by writing all 1's and reading back the value.
The WO bits in these registers should read back as 0.

Signed-off-by: Saif Abrar <saif.abrar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
---
v1 -> v2: New PnvPHB4Class to hold each register's RO mask.

 hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c              | 78 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h      | 13 ++++-
 include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h | 20 ++++++--
 tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c         | 60 +++++++++++++++++++++-
 4 files changed, 157 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
index 70f5af21fa..48caba9e79 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
@@ -707,6 +707,11 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reg_write(void *opaque, hwaddr off, uint64_t val,
         return;
     }
 
+    /* Update 'val' according to the register's RO-mask */
+    PnvPHB4Class *k = PNV_PHB4_GET_CLASS(phb);
+    val = (phb->regs[off >> 3] & k->ro_mask[off >> 3]) |
+                                            (val & ~(k->ro_mask[off >> 3]));
+
     /* Record whether it changed */
     changed = phb->regs[off >> 3] != val;
 
@@ -781,7 +786,7 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reg_write(void *opaque, hwaddr off, uint64_t val,
     case PHB_TCE_TAG_ENABLE:
     case PHB_INT_NOTIFY_ADDR:
     case PHB_INT_NOTIFY_INDEX:
-    case PHB_DMARD_SYNC:
+    case PHB_DMA_SYNC:
        break;
 
     /* Noise on anything else */
@@ -819,7 +824,7 @@ static uint64_t pnv_phb4_reg_read(void *opaque, hwaddr off, unsigned size)
     case PHB_VERSION:
         return PNV_PHB4_PEC_GET_CLASS(phb->pec)->version;
 
-        /* Read-only */
+    /* Read-only */
     case PHB_PHB4_GEN_CAP:
         return 0xe4b8000000000000ull;
     case PHB_PHB4_TCE_CAP:
@@ -829,18 +834,49 @@ static uint64_t pnv_phb4_reg_read(void *opaque, hwaddr off, unsigned size)
     case PHB_PHB4_EEH_CAP:
         return phb->big_phb ? 0x2000000000000000ull : 0x1000000000000000ull;
 
+    /* Write-only, read will return zeros */
+    case PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK:
+    case PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK:
+        return 0;
+    case PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL:
+        val &= ~PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_WREN;
+        return val;
     /* IODA table accesses */
     case PHB_IODA_DATA0:
         return pnv_phb4_ioda_read(phb);
 
+    /*
+     * DMA sync: make it look like it's complete,
+     *           clear write-only read/write start sync bits.
+     */
+    case PHB_DMA_SYNC:
+        val = PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_COMPLETE |
+            ~(PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_START | PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_START);
+        return val;
+
+    /*
+     * PCI-E Stack registers
+     */
+    case PHB_PCIE_SCR:
+        val |= PHB_PCIE_SCR_PLW_X16; /* RO bit */
+        break;
+
     /* Link training always appears trained */
     case PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRAIN_CTL:
         /* TODO: Do something sensible with speed ? */
-        return PHB_PCIE_DLP_INBAND_PRESENCE | PHB_PCIE_DLP_TL_LINKACT;
+        val |= PHB_PCIE_DLP_INBAND_PRESENCE | PHB_PCIE_DLP_TL_LINKACT;
+        return val;
+
+    case PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS:
+        /* Clear write-only bit */
+        val &= ~PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_RESAMPLE;
+        return val;
 
-    /* DMA read sync: make it look like it's complete */
-    case PHB_DMARD_SYNC:
-        return PHB_DMARD_SYNC_COMPLETE;
+    /* Link Management Register */
+    case PHB_PCIE_LMR:
+        /* These write-only bits always read as 0 */
+        val &= ~(PHB_PCIE_LMR_CHANGELW | PHB_PCIE_LMR_RETRAINLINK);
+        return val;
 
     /* Silent simple reads */
     case PHB_LSI_SOURCE_ID:
@@ -1685,6 +1721,32 @@ static PCIIOMMUOps pnv_phb4_iommu_ops = {
     .get_address_space = pnv_phb4_dma_iommu,
 };
 
+static void pnv_phb4_ro_mask_init(PnvPHB4 *phb)
+{
+    PnvPHB4Class *phb4c = PNV_PHB4_GET_CLASS(phb);
+
+    /*
+     * Set register specific RO-masks
+     */
+
+    /* PBL - Error Injection Register (0x1910) */
+    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT >> 3] =
+        PPC_BITMASK(0, 23) | PPC_BITMASK(28, 35) | PPC_BIT(38) | PPC_BIT(46) |
+        PPC_BITMASK(49, 51) | PPC_BITMASK(55, 63);
+
+    /* Reserved bits[60:63] */
+    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_TXE_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
+    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_TXE_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(60, 63);
+    /* Reserved bits[36:63] */
+    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_RXE_TCE_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
+    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_RXE_TCE_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(36, 63);
+    /* Reserved bits[40:63] */
+    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
+    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(40, 63);
+
+    /* TODO: Add more RO-masks as regs are implemented in the model */
+}
+
 static void pnv_phb4_err_reg_reset(PnvPHB4 *phb)
 {
     STICKY_RST(PHB_ERR_STATUS,       0, PPC_BITMASK(0, 33));
@@ -1743,6 +1805,7 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
     pnv_phb4_err_reg_reset(phb);
     pnv_phb4_pcie_stack_reg_reset(phb);
     pnv_phb4_regb_err_reg_reset(phb);
+    phb->regs[PHB_PCIE_CRESET >> 3] = 0xE000000000000000;
 }
 
 static void pnv_phb4_instance_init(Object *obj)
@@ -1753,6 +1816,9 @@ static void pnv_phb4_instance_init(Object *obj)
 
     /* XIVE interrupt source object */
     object_initialize_child(obj, "source", &phb->xsrc, TYPE_XIVE_SOURCE);
+
+    /* Initialize RO-mask of registers */
+    pnv_phb4_ro_mask_init(phb);
 }
 
 void pnv_phb4_bus_init(DeviceState *dev, PnvPHB4 *phb)
diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
index 47a5c3edf5..bea0684724 100644
--- a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
+++ b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 
 #define TYPE_PNV_PHB4 "pnv-phb4"
-OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PNV_PHB4)
+OBJECT_DECLARE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PnvPHB4Class, PNV_PHB4)
 
 typedef struct PnvPhb4PecStack PnvPhb4PecStack;
 
@@ -156,6 +156,17 @@ struct PnvPHB4 {
     QLIST_HEAD(, PnvPhb4DMASpace) dma_spaces;
 };
 
+typedef struct PnvPHB4Class {
+    DeviceClass parent_class;
+
+    /*
+     * Read-only bitmask for registers
+     * Bit value: 1 => RO bit
+     *            0 => RW bit
+     */
+    uint64_t ro_mask[PNV_PHB4_NUM_REGS];
+} PnvPHB4Class;
+
 void pnv_phb4_pic_print_info(PnvPHB4 *phb, GString *buf);
 int pnv_phb4_pec_get_phb_id(PnvPhb4PecState *pec, int stack_index);
 PnvPhb4PecState *pnv_pec_add_phb(PnvChip *chip, PnvPHB *phb, Error **errp);
diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
index df5e86d29a..dfd0e01d1e 100644
--- a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
+++ b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
@@ -180,9 +180,11 @@
 #define PHB_M64_AOMASK                  0x1d0
 #define PHB_M64_UPPER_BITS              0x1f0
 #define PHB_NXLATE_PREFIX               0x1f8
-#define PHB_DMARD_SYNC                  0x200
-#define   PHB_DMARD_SYNC_START          PPC_BIT(0)
-#define   PHB_DMARD_SYNC_COMPLETE       PPC_BIT(1)
+#define PHB_DMA_SYNC                    0x200
+#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_START         PPC_BIT(0)
+#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_COMPLETE      PPC_BIT(1)
+#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_START         PPC_BIT(2)
+#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_COMPLETE      PPC_BIT(3)
 #define PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE              0x208
 #define   PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE_ALL        PPC_BIT(0)
 #define   PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE_RID        PPC_BITMASK(16, 31)
@@ -370,6 +372,7 @@
 #define P32_CAP                                 0x228
 #define P32_CTL                                 0x22C
 #define P32_STAT                                0x230
+
 /* PHB4 REGB registers */
 
 /* PBL core */
@@ -395,8 +398,8 @@
 #define PHB_PCIE_SCR                    0x1A00
 #define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_SLOT_CAP         PPC_BIT(15)
 #define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_MAXLINKSPEED     PPC_BITMASK(32, 35)
+#define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_PLW_X16          PPC_BIT(41) /* x16 */
 #define PHB_PCIE_BNR                    0x1A08
-
 #define PHB_PCIE_CRESET                 0x1A10
 #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_CFG_CORE      PPC_BIT(0)
 #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_TLDLP         PPC_BIT(1)
@@ -405,7 +408,14 @@
 #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PIPE_N        PPC_BIT(4)
 #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_REFCLK_N      PPC_BIT(8)
 #define PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS         0x1A20
+#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_SIMDIAG       PPC_BIT(3)
+#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_RESAMPLE      PPC_BIT(9)
 #define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_PRESENCE      PPC_BIT(10)
+#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_LINKACTIVE    PPC_BIT(12)
+#define PHB_PCIE_LMR                    0x1A30
+#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_CHANGELW         PPC_BIT(0)
+#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_RETRAINLINK      PPC_BIT(1)
+#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_LINKACTIVE       PPC_BIT(8)
 
 #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRAIN_CTL          0x1A40
 #define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_LINK_WIDTH       PPC_BITMASK(30, 35)
@@ -433,7 +443,7 @@
 
 #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL             0x1A80
 #define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_EN        PPC_BIT(0)
-
+#define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_WREN      PPC_BIT(1)
 #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERRLOG1            0x1AA0
 #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERRLOG2            0x1AA8
 #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERR_STATUS         0x1AB0
diff --git a/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c b/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
index f186efaf0d..841306ae3f 100644
--- a/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
+++ b/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
@@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ static void phb4_sticky_rst_test(QTestState *qts)
      * Sticky reset test of PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
      *
      * Write all 1's to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT.
-     * Updated value will be copied to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
+     * RO-only bits will not be written and
+     * updated value will be copied to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
      *
      * Reset PBL core by setting PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PBL in reg PHB_PCIE_CRESET.
      * Verify the sticky bits are still set.
@@ -81,7 +82,59 @@ static void phb4_sticky_rst_test(QTestState *qts)
     phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
     phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_CRESET, PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PBL); /*Reset*/
     val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS);
-    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, (PPC_BITMASK(0, 9) | PPC_BITMASK(12, 63)));
+    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0xF00DFD8E00);
+}
+
+/* Check that write-only bits/regs return 0 when read */
+static void phb4_writeonly_read_test(QTestState *qts)
+{
+    uint64_t val;
+
+    /*
+     * Set all bits of PHB_DMA_SYNC,
+     * bits 0 and 2 are write-only and should be read as 0.
+     */
+    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_DMA_SYNC, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
+    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_DMA_SYNC);
+    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(0), ==, 0x0);
+    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(2), ==, 0x0);
+
+    /*
+     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS,
+     * bit 9 is write-only and should be read as 0.
+     */
+    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
+    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS);
+    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(9), ==, 0x0);
+
+    /*
+     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_LMR,
+     * bits 0 and 1 are write-only and should be read as 0.
+     */
+    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_LMR, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
+    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_LMR);
+    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(0), ==, 0x0);
+    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(1), ==, 0x0);
+
+    /*
+     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL,
+     * write-only bit-1 should be read as 0.
+     */
+    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
+    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL);
+    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(1), ==, 0x0);
+
+    /*
+     * Set all bits of PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK, PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK,
+     * both regs are write-only and should be read as 0.
+     */
+    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
+    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK);
+    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0x0);
+
+    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
+    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK);
+    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0x0);
 }
 
 static void phb4_tests(void)
@@ -96,6 +149,9 @@ static void phb4_tests(void)
     /* Check sticky reset of a register */
     phb4_sticky_rst_test(qts);
 
+    /* Check write-only logic */
+    phb4_writeonly_read_test(qts);
+
     qtest_quit(qts);
 }
 
-- 
2.47.3


Re: [PATCH v2 4/9] pnv/phb4: Implement read-only and write-only bits of registers
Posted by Michael S. Tsirkin 5 days, 7 hours ago
On Tue, Dec 30, 2025 at 04:21:22AM -0600, Saif Abrar wrote:
> SW cannot write the read-only(RO) bits of a register
> and write-only(WO) bits of a register return 0 when read.
> 
> Added ro_mask[] for each register that defines which
> bits in that register are RO.
> When writing to a register, the RO-bits are not updated.
> 
> When reading a register, clear the WO bits and return the updated value.
> 
> Tested the registers PHB_DMA_SYNC, PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS, PHB_PCIE_LMR,
> PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL, PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK and PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK
> by writing all 1's and reading back the value.
> The WO bits in these registers should read back as 0.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Saif Abrar <saif.abrar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>

causes a crash in boot-serial-test:
https://gitlab.com/mstredhat/qemu/-/jobs/12975819193

bisect script:

#!/bin/bash                                                                                                                            
cd /scm/qemu-bisect/build                                                                                                              
make -j$(nproc) || exit 125                                                                                                            
ninja tests/qtest/boot-serial-test || exit 125                                                                                         
QTEST_QEMU_BINARY=./qemu-system-ppc64 timeout 60 ./tests/qtest/boot-serial-test -p /ppc64/boot-serial/powernv9 && exit 0 || exit 1     


> ---
> v1 -> v2: New PnvPHB4Class to hold each register's RO mask.
> 
>  hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c              | 78 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
>  include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h      | 13 ++++-
>  include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h | 20 ++++++--
>  tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c         | 60 +++++++++++++++++++++-
>  4 files changed, 157 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> index 70f5af21fa..48caba9e79 100644
> --- a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> +++ b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> @@ -707,6 +707,11 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reg_write(void *opaque, hwaddr off, uint64_t val,
>          return;
>      }
>  
> +    /* Update 'val' according to the register's RO-mask */
> +    PnvPHB4Class *k = PNV_PHB4_GET_CLASS(phb);
> +    val = (phb->regs[off >> 3] & k->ro_mask[off >> 3]) |
> +                                            (val & ~(k->ro_mask[off >> 3]));
> +
>      /* Record whether it changed */
>      changed = phb->regs[off >> 3] != val;
>  
> @@ -781,7 +786,7 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reg_write(void *opaque, hwaddr off, uint64_t val,
>      case PHB_TCE_TAG_ENABLE:
>      case PHB_INT_NOTIFY_ADDR:
>      case PHB_INT_NOTIFY_INDEX:
> -    case PHB_DMARD_SYNC:
> +    case PHB_DMA_SYNC:
>         break;
>  
>      /* Noise on anything else */
> @@ -819,7 +824,7 @@ static uint64_t pnv_phb4_reg_read(void *opaque, hwaddr off, unsigned size)
>      case PHB_VERSION:
>          return PNV_PHB4_PEC_GET_CLASS(phb->pec)->version;
>  
> -        /* Read-only */
> +    /* Read-only */
>      case PHB_PHB4_GEN_CAP:
>          return 0xe4b8000000000000ull;
>      case PHB_PHB4_TCE_CAP:
> @@ -829,18 +834,49 @@ static uint64_t pnv_phb4_reg_read(void *opaque, hwaddr off, unsigned size)
>      case PHB_PHB4_EEH_CAP:
>          return phb->big_phb ? 0x2000000000000000ull : 0x1000000000000000ull;
>  
> +    /* Write-only, read will return zeros */
> +    case PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK:
> +    case PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK:
> +        return 0;
> +    case PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL:
> +        val &= ~PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_WREN;
> +        return val;
>      /* IODA table accesses */
>      case PHB_IODA_DATA0:
>          return pnv_phb4_ioda_read(phb);
>  
> +    /*
> +     * DMA sync: make it look like it's complete,
> +     *           clear write-only read/write start sync bits.
> +     */
> +    case PHB_DMA_SYNC:
> +        val = PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_COMPLETE |
> +            ~(PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_START | PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_START);
> +        return val;
> +
> +    /*
> +     * PCI-E Stack registers
> +     */
> +    case PHB_PCIE_SCR:
> +        val |= PHB_PCIE_SCR_PLW_X16; /* RO bit */
> +        break;
> +
>      /* Link training always appears trained */
>      case PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRAIN_CTL:
>          /* TODO: Do something sensible with speed ? */
> -        return PHB_PCIE_DLP_INBAND_PRESENCE | PHB_PCIE_DLP_TL_LINKACT;
> +        val |= PHB_PCIE_DLP_INBAND_PRESENCE | PHB_PCIE_DLP_TL_LINKACT;
> +        return val;
> +
> +    case PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS:
> +        /* Clear write-only bit */
> +        val &= ~PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_RESAMPLE;
> +        return val;
>  
> -    /* DMA read sync: make it look like it's complete */
> -    case PHB_DMARD_SYNC:
> -        return PHB_DMARD_SYNC_COMPLETE;
> +    /* Link Management Register */
> +    case PHB_PCIE_LMR:
> +        /* These write-only bits always read as 0 */
> +        val &= ~(PHB_PCIE_LMR_CHANGELW | PHB_PCIE_LMR_RETRAINLINK);
> +        return val;
>  
>      /* Silent simple reads */
>      case PHB_LSI_SOURCE_ID:
> @@ -1685,6 +1721,32 @@ static PCIIOMMUOps pnv_phb4_iommu_ops = {
>      .get_address_space = pnv_phb4_dma_iommu,
>  };
>  
> +static void pnv_phb4_ro_mask_init(PnvPHB4 *phb)
> +{
> +    PnvPHB4Class *phb4c = PNV_PHB4_GET_CLASS(phb);
> +
> +    /*
> +     * Set register specific RO-masks
> +     */
> +
> +    /* PBL - Error Injection Register (0x1910) */
> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT >> 3] =
> +        PPC_BITMASK(0, 23) | PPC_BITMASK(28, 35) | PPC_BIT(38) | PPC_BIT(46) |
> +        PPC_BITMASK(49, 51) | PPC_BITMASK(55, 63);
> +
> +    /* Reserved bits[60:63] */
> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_TXE_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_TXE_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(60, 63);
> +    /* Reserved bits[36:63] */
> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_RXE_TCE_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_RXE_TCE_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(36, 63);
> +    /* Reserved bits[40:63] */
> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(40, 63);
> +
> +    /* TODO: Add more RO-masks as regs are implemented in the model */
> +}
> +
>  static void pnv_phb4_err_reg_reset(PnvPHB4 *phb)
>  {
>      STICKY_RST(PHB_ERR_STATUS,       0, PPC_BITMASK(0, 33));
> @@ -1743,6 +1805,7 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
>      pnv_phb4_err_reg_reset(phb);
>      pnv_phb4_pcie_stack_reg_reset(phb);
>      pnv_phb4_regb_err_reg_reset(phb);
> +    phb->regs[PHB_PCIE_CRESET >> 3] = 0xE000000000000000;
>  }
>  
>  static void pnv_phb4_instance_init(Object *obj)
> @@ -1753,6 +1816,9 @@ static void pnv_phb4_instance_init(Object *obj)
>  
>      /* XIVE interrupt source object */
>      object_initialize_child(obj, "source", &phb->xsrc, TYPE_XIVE_SOURCE);
> +
> +    /* Initialize RO-mask of registers */
> +    pnv_phb4_ro_mask_init(phb);
>  }
>  
>  void pnv_phb4_bus_init(DeviceState *dev, PnvPHB4 *phb)
> diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
> index 47a5c3edf5..bea0684724 100644
> --- a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
> +++ b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
> @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
>  
>  
>  #define TYPE_PNV_PHB4 "pnv-phb4"
> -OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PNV_PHB4)
> +OBJECT_DECLARE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PnvPHB4Class, PNV_PHB4)
>  
>  typedef struct PnvPhb4PecStack PnvPhb4PecStack;
>  
> @@ -156,6 +156,17 @@ struct PnvPHB4 {
>      QLIST_HEAD(, PnvPhb4DMASpace) dma_spaces;
>  };
>  
> +typedef struct PnvPHB4Class {
> +    DeviceClass parent_class;
> +
> +    /*
> +     * Read-only bitmask for registers
> +     * Bit value: 1 => RO bit
> +     *            0 => RW bit
> +     */
> +    uint64_t ro_mask[PNV_PHB4_NUM_REGS];
> +} PnvPHB4Class;
> +
>  void pnv_phb4_pic_print_info(PnvPHB4 *phb, GString *buf);
>  int pnv_phb4_pec_get_phb_id(PnvPhb4PecState *pec, int stack_index);
>  PnvPhb4PecState *pnv_pec_add_phb(PnvChip *chip, PnvPHB *phb, Error **errp);
> diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
> index df5e86d29a..dfd0e01d1e 100644
> --- a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
> +++ b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
> @@ -180,9 +180,11 @@
>  #define PHB_M64_AOMASK                  0x1d0
>  #define PHB_M64_UPPER_BITS              0x1f0
>  #define PHB_NXLATE_PREFIX               0x1f8
> -#define PHB_DMARD_SYNC                  0x200
> -#define   PHB_DMARD_SYNC_START          PPC_BIT(0)
> -#define   PHB_DMARD_SYNC_COMPLETE       PPC_BIT(1)
> +#define PHB_DMA_SYNC                    0x200
> +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_START         PPC_BIT(0)
> +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_COMPLETE      PPC_BIT(1)
> +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_START         PPC_BIT(2)
> +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_COMPLETE      PPC_BIT(3)
>  #define PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE              0x208
>  #define   PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE_ALL        PPC_BIT(0)
>  #define   PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE_RID        PPC_BITMASK(16, 31)
> @@ -370,6 +372,7 @@
>  #define P32_CAP                                 0x228
>  #define P32_CTL                                 0x22C
>  #define P32_STAT                                0x230
> +
>  /* PHB4 REGB registers */
>  
>  /* PBL core */
> @@ -395,8 +398,8 @@
>  #define PHB_PCIE_SCR                    0x1A00
>  #define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_SLOT_CAP         PPC_BIT(15)
>  #define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_MAXLINKSPEED     PPC_BITMASK(32, 35)
> +#define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_PLW_X16          PPC_BIT(41) /* x16 */
>  #define PHB_PCIE_BNR                    0x1A08
> -
>  #define PHB_PCIE_CRESET                 0x1A10
>  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_CFG_CORE      PPC_BIT(0)
>  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_TLDLP         PPC_BIT(1)
> @@ -405,7 +408,14 @@
>  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PIPE_N        PPC_BIT(4)
>  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_REFCLK_N      PPC_BIT(8)
>  #define PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS         0x1A20
> +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_SIMDIAG       PPC_BIT(3)
> +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_RESAMPLE      PPC_BIT(9)
>  #define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_PRESENCE      PPC_BIT(10)
> +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_LINKACTIVE    PPC_BIT(12)
> +#define PHB_PCIE_LMR                    0x1A30
> +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_CHANGELW         PPC_BIT(0)
> +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_RETRAINLINK      PPC_BIT(1)
> +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_LINKACTIVE       PPC_BIT(8)
>  
>  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRAIN_CTL          0x1A40
>  #define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_LINK_WIDTH       PPC_BITMASK(30, 35)
> @@ -433,7 +443,7 @@
>  
>  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL             0x1A80
>  #define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_EN        PPC_BIT(0)
> -
> +#define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_WREN      PPC_BIT(1)
>  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERRLOG1            0x1AA0
>  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERRLOG2            0x1AA8
>  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERR_STATUS         0x1AB0
> diff --git a/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c b/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
> index f186efaf0d..841306ae3f 100644
> --- a/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
> +++ b/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
> @@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ static void phb4_sticky_rst_test(QTestState *qts)
>       * Sticky reset test of PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
>       *
>       * Write all 1's to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT.
> -     * Updated value will be copied to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
> +     * RO-only bits will not be written and
> +     * updated value will be copied to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
>       *
>       * Reset PBL core by setting PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PBL in reg PHB_PCIE_CRESET.
>       * Verify the sticky bits are still set.
> @@ -81,7 +82,59 @@ static void phb4_sticky_rst_test(QTestState *qts)
>      phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
>      phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_CRESET, PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PBL); /*Reset*/
>      val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS);
> -    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, (PPC_BITMASK(0, 9) | PPC_BITMASK(12, 63)));
> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0xF00DFD8E00);
> +}
> +
> +/* Check that write-only bits/regs return 0 when read */
> +static void phb4_writeonly_read_test(QTestState *qts)
> +{
> +    uint64_t val;
> +
> +    /*
> +     * Set all bits of PHB_DMA_SYNC,
> +     * bits 0 and 2 are write-only and should be read as 0.
> +     */
> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_DMA_SYNC, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_DMA_SYNC);
> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(0), ==, 0x0);
> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(2), ==, 0x0);
> +
> +    /*
> +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS,
> +     * bit 9 is write-only and should be read as 0.
> +     */
> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS);
> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(9), ==, 0x0);
> +
> +    /*
> +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_LMR,
> +     * bits 0 and 1 are write-only and should be read as 0.
> +     */
> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_LMR, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_LMR);
> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(0), ==, 0x0);
> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(1), ==, 0x0);
> +
> +    /*
> +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL,
> +     * write-only bit-1 should be read as 0.
> +     */
> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL);
> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(1), ==, 0x0);
> +
> +    /*
> +     * Set all bits of PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK, PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK,
> +     * both regs are write-only and should be read as 0.
> +     */
> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK);
> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0x0);
> +
> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK);
> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0x0);
>  }
>  
>  static void phb4_tests(void)
> @@ -96,6 +149,9 @@ static void phb4_tests(void)
>      /* Check sticky reset of a register */
>      phb4_sticky_rst_test(qts);
>  
> +    /* Check write-only logic */
> +    phb4_writeonly_read_test(qts);
> +
>      qtest_quit(qts);
>  }
>  
> -- 
> 2.47.3
Re: [PATCH v2 4/9] pnv/phb4: Implement read-only and write-only bits of registers
Posted by Michael S. Tsirkin 5 days, 7 hours ago
On Wed, Feb 04, 2026 at 12:04:20AM -0500, Michael S. Tsirkin wrote:
> On Tue, Dec 30, 2025 at 04:21:22AM -0600, Saif Abrar wrote:
> > SW cannot write the read-only(RO) bits of a register
> > and write-only(WO) bits of a register return 0 when read.
> > 
> > Added ro_mask[] for each register that defines which
> > bits in that register are RO.
> > When writing to a register, the RO-bits are not updated.
> > 
> > When reading a register, clear the WO bits and return the updated value.
> > 
> > Tested the registers PHB_DMA_SYNC, PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS, PHB_PCIE_LMR,
> > PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL, PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK and PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK
> > by writing all 1's and reading back the value.
> > The WO bits in these registers should read back as 0.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Saif Abrar <saif.abrar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> > Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
> 
> causes a crash in boot-serial-test:
> https://gitlab.com/mstredhat/qemu/-/jobs/12975819193

I forgot to say - with tci:

  ../configure --enable-tcg-interpreter --target-list=ppc64-softmmu                                                                      


> bisect script:
> 
> #!/bin/bash                                                                                                                            
> cd /scm/qemu-bisect/build                                                                                                              
> make -j$(nproc) || exit 125                                                                                                            
> ninja tests/qtest/boot-serial-test || exit 125                                                                                         
> QTEST_QEMU_BINARY=./qemu-system-ppc64 timeout 60 ./tests/qtest/boot-serial-test -p /ppc64/boot-serial/powernv9 && exit 0 || exit 1     
> 
> 
> > ---
> > v1 -> v2: New PnvPHB4Class to hold each register's RO mask.
> > 
> >  hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c              | 78 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
> >  include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h      | 13 ++++-
> >  include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h | 20 ++++++--
> >  tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c         | 60 +++++++++++++++++++++-
> >  4 files changed, 157 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
> > 
> > diff --git a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> > index 70f5af21fa..48caba9e79 100644
> > --- a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> > +++ b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> > @@ -707,6 +707,11 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reg_write(void *opaque, hwaddr off, uint64_t val,
> >          return;
> >      }
> >  
> > +    /* Update 'val' according to the register's RO-mask */
> > +    PnvPHB4Class *k = PNV_PHB4_GET_CLASS(phb);
> > +    val = (phb->regs[off >> 3] & k->ro_mask[off >> 3]) |
> > +                                            (val & ~(k->ro_mask[off >> 3]));
> > +
> >      /* Record whether it changed */
> >      changed = phb->regs[off >> 3] != val;
> >  
> > @@ -781,7 +786,7 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reg_write(void *opaque, hwaddr off, uint64_t val,
> >      case PHB_TCE_TAG_ENABLE:
> >      case PHB_INT_NOTIFY_ADDR:
> >      case PHB_INT_NOTIFY_INDEX:
> > -    case PHB_DMARD_SYNC:
> > +    case PHB_DMA_SYNC:
> >         break;
> >  
> >      /* Noise on anything else */
> > @@ -819,7 +824,7 @@ static uint64_t pnv_phb4_reg_read(void *opaque, hwaddr off, unsigned size)
> >      case PHB_VERSION:
> >          return PNV_PHB4_PEC_GET_CLASS(phb->pec)->version;
> >  
> > -        /* Read-only */
> > +    /* Read-only */
> >      case PHB_PHB4_GEN_CAP:
> >          return 0xe4b8000000000000ull;
> >      case PHB_PHB4_TCE_CAP:
> > @@ -829,18 +834,49 @@ static uint64_t pnv_phb4_reg_read(void *opaque, hwaddr off, unsigned size)
> >      case PHB_PHB4_EEH_CAP:
> >          return phb->big_phb ? 0x2000000000000000ull : 0x1000000000000000ull;
> >  
> > +    /* Write-only, read will return zeros */
> > +    case PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK:
> > +    case PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK:
> > +        return 0;
> > +    case PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL:
> > +        val &= ~PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_WREN;
> > +        return val;
> >      /* IODA table accesses */
> >      case PHB_IODA_DATA0:
> >          return pnv_phb4_ioda_read(phb);
> >  
> > +    /*
> > +     * DMA sync: make it look like it's complete,
> > +     *           clear write-only read/write start sync bits.
> > +     */
> > +    case PHB_DMA_SYNC:
> > +        val = PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_COMPLETE |
> > +            ~(PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_START | PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_START);
> > +        return val;
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * PCI-E Stack registers
> > +     */
> > +    case PHB_PCIE_SCR:
> > +        val |= PHB_PCIE_SCR_PLW_X16; /* RO bit */
> > +        break;
> > +
> >      /* Link training always appears trained */
> >      case PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRAIN_CTL:
> >          /* TODO: Do something sensible with speed ? */
> > -        return PHB_PCIE_DLP_INBAND_PRESENCE | PHB_PCIE_DLP_TL_LINKACT;
> > +        val |= PHB_PCIE_DLP_INBAND_PRESENCE | PHB_PCIE_DLP_TL_LINKACT;
> > +        return val;
> > +
> > +    case PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS:
> > +        /* Clear write-only bit */
> > +        val &= ~PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_RESAMPLE;
> > +        return val;
> >  
> > -    /* DMA read sync: make it look like it's complete */
> > -    case PHB_DMARD_SYNC:
> > -        return PHB_DMARD_SYNC_COMPLETE;
> > +    /* Link Management Register */
> > +    case PHB_PCIE_LMR:
> > +        /* These write-only bits always read as 0 */
> > +        val &= ~(PHB_PCIE_LMR_CHANGELW | PHB_PCIE_LMR_RETRAINLINK);
> > +        return val;
> >  
> >      /* Silent simple reads */
> >      case PHB_LSI_SOURCE_ID:
> > @@ -1685,6 +1721,32 @@ static PCIIOMMUOps pnv_phb4_iommu_ops = {
> >      .get_address_space = pnv_phb4_dma_iommu,
> >  };
> >  
> > +static void pnv_phb4_ro_mask_init(PnvPHB4 *phb)
> > +{
> > +    PnvPHB4Class *phb4c = PNV_PHB4_GET_CLASS(phb);
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * Set register specific RO-masks
> > +     */
> > +
> > +    /* PBL - Error Injection Register (0x1910) */
> > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT >> 3] =
> > +        PPC_BITMASK(0, 23) | PPC_BITMASK(28, 35) | PPC_BIT(38) | PPC_BIT(46) |
> > +        PPC_BITMASK(49, 51) | PPC_BITMASK(55, 63);
> > +
> > +    /* Reserved bits[60:63] */
> > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_TXE_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
> > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_TXE_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(60, 63);
> > +    /* Reserved bits[36:63] */
> > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_RXE_TCE_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
> > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_RXE_TCE_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(36, 63);
> > +    /* Reserved bits[40:63] */
> > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
> > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(40, 63);
> > +
> > +    /* TODO: Add more RO-masks as regs are implemented in the model */
> > +}
> > +
> >  static void pnv_phb4_err_reg_reset(PnvPHB4 *phb)
> >  {
> >      STICKY_RST(PHB_ERR_STATUS,       0, PPC_BITMASK(0, 33));
> > @@ -1743,6 +1805,7 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
> >      pnv_phb4_err_reg_reset(phb);
> >      pnv_phb4_pcie_stack_reg_reset(phb);
> >      pnv_phb4_regb_err_reg_reset(phb);
> > +    phb->regs[PHB_PCIE_CRESET >> 3] = 0xE000000000000000;
> >  }
> >  
> >  static void pnv_phb4_instance_init(Object *obj)
> > @@ -1753,6 +1816,9 @@ static void pnv_phb4_instance_init(Object *obj)
> >  
> >      /* XIVE interrupt source object */
> >      object_initialize_child(obj, "source", &phb->xsrc, TYPE_XIVE_SOURCE);
> > +
> > +    /* Initialize RO-mask of registers */
> > +    pnv_phb4_ro_mask_init(phb);
> >  }
> >  
> >  void pnv_phb4_bus_init(DeviceState *dev, PnvPHB4 *phb)
> > diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
> > index 47a5c3edf5..bea0684724 100644
> > --- a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
> > +++ b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
> > @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
> >  
> >  
> >  #define TYPE_PNV_PHB4 "pnv-phb4"
> > -OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PNV_PHB4)
> > +OBJECT_DECLARE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PnvPHB4Class, PNV_PHB4)
> >  
> >  typedef struct PnvPhb4PecStack PnvPhb4PecStack;
> >  
> > @@ -156,6 +156,17 @@ struct PnvPHB4 {
> >      QLIST_HEAD(, PnvPhb4DMASpace) dma_spaces;
> >  };
> >  
> > +typedef struct PnvPHB4Class {
> > +    DeviceClass parent_class;
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * Read-only bitmask for registers
> > +     * Bit value: 1 => RO bit
> > +     *            0 => RW bit
> > +     */
> > +    uint64_t ro_mask[PNV_PHB4_NUM_REGS];
> > +} PnvPHB4Class;
> > +
> >  void pnv_phb4_pic_print_info(PnvPHB4 *phb, GString *buf);
> >  int pnv_phb4_pec_get_phb_id(PnvPhb4PecState *pec, int stack_index);
> >  PnvPhb4PecState *pnv_pec_add_phb(PnvChip *chip, PnvPHB *phb, Error **errp);
> > diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
> > index df5e86d29a..dfd0e01d1e 100644
> > --- a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
> > +++ b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
> > @@ -180,9 +180,11 @@
> >  #define PHB_M64_AOMASK                  0x1d0
> >  #define PHB_M64_UPPER_BITS              0x1f0
> >  #define PHB_NXLATE_PREFIX               0x1f8
> > -#define PHB_DMARD_SYNC                  0x200
> > -#define   PHB_DMARD_SYNC_START          PPC_BIT(0)
> > -#define   PHB_DMARD_SYNC_COMPLETE       PPC_BIT(1)
> > +#define PHB_DMA_SYNC                    0x200
> > +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_START         PPC_BIT(0)
> > +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_COMPLETE      PPC_BIT(1)
> > +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_START         PPC_BIT(2)
> > +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_COMPLETE      PPC_BIT(3)
> >  #define PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE              0x208
> >  #define   PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE_ALL        PPC_BIT(0)
> >  #define   PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE_RID        PPC_BITMASK(16, 31)
> > @@ -370,6 +372,7 @@
> >  #define P32_CAP                                 0x228
> >  #define P32_CTL                                 0x22C
> >  #define P32_STAT                                0x230
> > +
> >  /* PHB4 REGB registers */
> >  
> >  /* PBL core */
> > @@ -395,8 +398,8 @@
> >  #define PHB_PCIE_SCR                    0x1A00
> >  #define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_SLOT_CAP         PPC_BIT(15)
> >  #define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_MAXLINKSPEED     PPC_BITMASK(32, 35)
> > +#define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_PLW_X16          PPC_BIT(41) /* x16 */
> >  #define PHB_PCIE_BNR                    0x1A08
> > -
> >  #define PHB_PCIE_CRESET                 0x1A10
> >  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_CFG_CORE      PPC_BIT(0)
> >  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_TLDLP         PPC_BIT(1)
> > @@ -405,7 +408,14 @@
> >  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PIPE_N        PPC_BIT(4)
> >  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_REFCLK_N      PPC_BIT(8)
> >  #define PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS         0x1A20
> > +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_SIMDIAG       PPC_BIT(3)
> > +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_RESAMPLE      PPC_BIT(9)
> >  #define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_PRESENCE      PPC_BIT(10)
> > +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_LINKACTIVE    PPC_BIT(12)
> > +#define PHB_PCIE_LMR                    0x1A30
> > +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_CHANGELW         PPC_BIT(0)
> > +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_RETRAINLINK      PPC_BIT(1)
> > +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_LINKACTIVE       PPC_BIT(8)
> >  
> >  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRAIN_CTL          0x1A40
> >  #define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_LINK_WIDTH       PPC_BITMASK(30, 35)
> > @@ -433,7 +443,7 @@
> >  
> >  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL             0x1A80
> >  #define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_EN        PPC_BIT(0)
> > -
> > +#define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_WREN      PPC_BIT(1)
> >  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERRLOG1            0x1AA0
> >  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERRLOG2            0x1AA8
> >  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERR_STATUS         0x1AB0
> > diff --git a/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c b/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
> > index f186efaf0d..841306ae3f 100644
> > --- a/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
> > +++ b/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
> > @@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ static void phb4_sticky_rst_test(QTestState *qts)
> >       * Sticky reset test of PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
> >       *
> >       * Write all 1's to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT.
> > -     * Updated value will be copied to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
> > +     * RO-only bits will not be written and
> > +     * updated value will be copied to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
> >       *
> >       * Reset PBL core by setting PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PBL in reg PHB_PCIE_CRESET.
> >       * Verify the sticky bits are still set.
> > @@ -81,7 +82,59 @@ static void phb4_sticky_rst_test(QTestState *qts)
> >      phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> >      phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_CRESET, PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PBL); /*Reset*/
> >      val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS);
> > -    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, (PPC_BITMASK(0, 9) | PPC_BITMASK(12, 63)));
> > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0xF00DFD8E00);
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Check that write-only bits/regs return 0 when read */
> > +static void phb4_writeonly_read_test(QTestState *qts)
> > +{
> > +    uint64_t val;
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * Set all bits of PHB_DMA_SYNC,
> > +     * bits 0 and 2 are write-only and should be read as 0.
> > +     */
> > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_DMA_SYNC, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_DMA_SYNC);
> > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(0), ==, 0x0);
> > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(2), ==, 0x0);
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS,
> > +     * bit 9 is write-only and should be read as 0.
> > +     */
> > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS);
> > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(9), ==, 0x0);
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_LMR,
> > +     * bits 0 and 1 are write-only and should be read as 0.
> > +     */
> > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_LMR, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_LMR);
> > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(0), ==, 0x0);
> > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(1), ==, 0x0);
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL,
> > +     * write-only bit-1 should be read as 0.
> > +     */
> > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL);
> > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(1), ==, 0x0);
> > +
> > +    /*
> > +     * Set all bits of PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK, PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK,
> > +     * both regs are write-only and should be read as 0.
> > +     */
> > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK);
> > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0x0);
> > +
> > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK);
> > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0x0);
> >  }
> >  
> >  static void phb4_tests(void)
> > @@ -96,6 +149,9 @@ static void phb4_tests(void)
> >      /* Check sticky reset of a register */
> >      phb4_sticky_rst_test(qts);
> >  
> > +    /* Check write-only logic */
> > +    phb4_writeonly_read_test(qts);
> > +
> >      qtest_quit(qts);
> >  }
> >  
> > -- 
> > 2.47.3
Re: [PATCH v2 4/9] pnv/phb4: Implement read-only and write-only bits of registers
Posted by Michael S. Tsirkin 5 days, 6 hours ago
On Wed, Feb 04, 2026 at 12:12:01AM -0500, Michael S. Tsirkin wrote:
> On Wed, Feb 04, 2026 at 12:04:20AM -0500, Michael S. Tsirkin wrote:
> > On Tue, Dec 30, 2025 at 04:21:22AM -0600, Saif Abrar wrote:
> > > SW cannot write the read-only(RO) bits of a register
> > > and write-only(WO) bits of a register return 0 when read.
> > > 
> > > Added ro_mask[] for each register that defines which
> > > bits in that register are RO.
> > > When writing to a register, the RO-bits are not updated.
> > > 
> > > When reading a register, clear the WO bits and return the updated value.
> > > 
> > > Tested the registers PHB_DMA_SYNC, PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS, PHB_PCIE_LMR,
> > > PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL, PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK and PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK
> > > by writing all 1's and reading back the value.
> > > The WO bits in these registers should read back as 0.
> > > 
> > > Signed-off-by: Saif Abrar <saif.abrar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> > > Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
> > 
> > causes a crash in boot-serial-test:
> > https://gitlab.com/mstredhat/qemu/-/jobs/12975819193
> 
> I forgot to say - with tci:
> 
>   ../configure --enable-tcg-interpreter --target-list=ppc64-softmmu                                                                      

triggered with tcg now, too.

  Core was generated by `/scm/qemu-bisect/build/qemu-system-ppc64 -qtest unix:/tmp/qtest-194326.sock -qtest-log /dev/null -chardev     
     socket,path=/tmp/qtest-194326.qmp,id=char0 -mon chardev=char0,mode=control -display none -audio none -run-with                      
    exit-with-parent=on -M powernv9 -no-shutdown -chardev file,id=serial0,path=/tmp/qtest-boot-serial-sVOZKK3 -serial                    
    chardev:serial0 -accel tcg -accel kvm -accel qtest'.                                                                                 
    Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.                                                                          
    #0  0x000055fe6e84bcc8 in object_link_get_targetp (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, lprop=0xf) at ../qom/object.c:1871                            
    1871            if (lprop->flags & OBJ_PROP_LINK_DIRECT) {                                                                           
    [Current thread is 1 (Thread 0x7f2716e774c0 (LWP 194336))]                                                                           
    warning: File "/scm/qemu/.gdbinit" auto-loading has been declined by your `auto-load safe-path' set to                               
    "$debugdir:$datadir/auto-load:/usr/lib/golang/src/runtime/runtime-gdb.py".                                                           
    To enable execution of this file add                                                                                                 
        add-auto-load-safe-path /scm/qemu/.gdbinit                                                                                       
    line to your configuration file "/home/mst/.config/gdb/gdbinit".                                                                     
    To completely disable this security protection add                                                                                   
        set auto-load safe-path /                                                                                                        
    line to your configuration file "/home/mst/.config/gdb/gdbinit".                                                                     
    For more information about this security protection see the                                                                          
    "Auto-loading safe path" section in the GDB manual.  E.g., run from the shell:                                                       
        info "(gdb)Auto-loading safe path"                                                                                               
    #0  0x000055fe6e84bcc8 in object_link_get_targetp (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, lprop=0xf) at ../qom/object.c:1871                            
    #1  0x000055fe6e84c00f in object_set_link_property (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, v=0x55fe8ebc81a0, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", opaque=0xf,     
     errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/object.c:1945                                                                                        
    #2  0x000055fe6e84aad7 in object_property_set (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", v=0x55fe8ebc81a0,                      
    errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/object.c:1450                                                                                         
    #3  0x000055fe6e84fcc3 in object_property_set_qobject (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", value=0x55fe8ebc8520,          
    errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/qom-qobject.c:28                                                                                      
    #4  0x000055fe6e84ab7b in object_property_set_str (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", value=0x55fe8ebbc8e0               
    "/machine/chip[0]/pec[0]", errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/object.c:1458                                                              
    #5  0x000055fe6e84ad30 in object_property_set_link (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", value=0x55fe8e654330,             
    errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/object.c:1495                                                                                         
    #6  0x000055fe6e7fb1ff in pnv_phb_realize (dev=0x55fe8ebbb960, errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../hw/pci-host/pnv_phb.c:156                  
    #7  0x000055fe6e8435be in device_set_realized (obj=0x55fe8ebbb960, value=true, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../hw/core/qdev.c:523         
    #8  0x000055fe6e84d060 in property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8ebbb960, v=0x55fe8e70db20, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized",                   
    opaque=0x55fe8e2595f0, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../qom/object.c:2376                                                                  
    #9  0x000055fe6e84aad7 in object_property_set (obj=0x55fe8ebbb960, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", v=0x55fe8e70db20,                 
    errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../qom/object.c:1450                                                                                         
    #10 0x000055fe6e84fcc3 in object_property_set_qobject (obj=0x55fe8ebbb960, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=0x55fe8ebbc860,     
     errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../qom/qom-qobject.c:28                                                                                     
    #11 0x000055fe6e84ae8a in object_property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8ebbb960, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=true,                  
    errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../qom/object.c:1520                                                                                         
    #12 0x000055fe6e842c6b in qdev_realize (dev=0x55fe8ebbb960, bus=0x55fe8e6164d0, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../hw/core/qdev.c:276        
    #13 0x000055fe6e1ee440 in sysbus_realize (dev=0x55fe8ebbb960, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../hw/core/sysbus.c:249                        
    #14 0x000055fe6e7f9901 in pnv_pec_default_phb_realize (pec=0x55fe8e654330, stack_no=0, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at                       
    ../hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_pec.c:194                                                                                                    
    #15 0x000055fe6e7f9bc0 in pnv_pec_realize (dev=0x55fe8e654330, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_pec.c:258             
    #16 0x000055fe6e8435be in device_set_realized (obj=0x55fe8e654330, value=true, errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../hw/core/qdev.c:523         
    #17 0x000055fe6e84d060 in property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8e654330, v=0x55fe8e63ea90, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized",                   
    opaque=0x55fe8e2595f0, errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../qom/object.c:2376                                                                  
    #18 0x000055fe6e84aad7 in object_property_set (obj=0x55fe8e654330, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", v=0x55fe8e63ea90,                 
    errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../qom/object.c:1450                                                                                         
    #19 0x000055fe6e84fcc3 in object_property_set_qobject (obj=0x55fe8e654330, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=0x55fe8ebbb0f0,     
     errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../qom/qom-qobject.c:28                                                                                     
    #20 0x000055fe6e84ae8a in object_property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8e654330, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=true,                  
    errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../qom/object.c:1520                                                                                         
    #21 0x000055fe6e842c6b in qdev_realize (dev=0x55fe8e654330, bus=0x0, errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../hw/core/qdev.c:276                   
    #22 0x000055fe6e676fef in pnv_chip_power9_pec_realize (chip=0x55fe8e64e4f0, errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../hw/ppc/pnv.c:1892             
    #23 0x000055fe6e677b1b in pnv_chip_power9_realize (dev=0x55fe8e64e4f0, errp=0x7ffe749d3080) at ../hw/ppc/pnv.c:2108                  
    #24 0x000055fe6e8435be in device_set_realized (obj=0x55fe8e64e4f0, value=true, errp=0x7ffe749d3190) at ../hw/core/qdev.c:523         
    #25 0x000055fe6e84d060 in property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8e64e4f0, v=0x55fe8e623cf0, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized",                   
    opaque=0x55fe8e2595f0, errp=0x7ffe749d3190) at ../qom/object.c:2376                                                                  
    #26 0x000055fe6e84aad7 in object_property_set (obj=0x55fe8e64e4f0, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", v=0x55fe8e623cf0,                 
    errp=0x7ffe749d3190) at ../qom/object.c:1450                                                                                         
    #27 0x000055fe6e84fcc3 in object_property_set_qobject (obj=0x55fe8e64e4f0, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=0x55fe8e63eb90,     
     errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at ../qom/qom-qobject.c:28                                                                       
    #28 0x000055fe6e84ae8a in object_property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8e64e4f0, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=true,                  
    errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at ../qom/object.c:1520                                                                           
    #29 0x000055fe6e842c6b in qdev_realize (dev=0x55fe8e64e4f0, bus=0x55fe8e6164d0, errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at                
    ../hw/core/qdev.c:276                                                                                                                
    #30 0x000055fe6e842ca4 in qdev_realize_and_unref (dev=0x55fe8e64e4f0, bus=0x55fe8e6164d0, errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at      
    ../hw/core/qdev.c:283                                                                                                                
    #31 0x000055fe6e1ee488 in sysbus_realize_and_unref (dev=0x55fe8e64e4f0, errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at                        
    ../hw/core/sysbus.c:254                                                                                                              
    #32 0x000055fe6e675245 in pnv_init (machine=0x55fe8e615c80) at ../hw/ppc/pnv.c:1221                                                  
    #33 0x000055fe6e1e62de in machine_run_board_init (machine=0x55fe8e615c80, mem_path=0x0, errp=0x7ffe749d3420) at                      
    ../hw/core/machine.c:1747                                                                                                            
    #34 0x000055fe6e44f235 in qemu_init_board () at ../system/vl.c:2715                                                                  
    #35 0x000055fe6e44f5c8 in qmp_x_exit_preconfig (errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at ../system/vl.c:2809                            
    #36 0x000055fe6e452a22 in qemu_init (argc=28, argv=0x7ffe749d37d8) at ../system/vl.c:3849                                            
    #37 0x000055fe6e99bb52 in main (argc=28, argv=0x7ffe749d37d8) at ../system/main.c:71                                                 
     


Looking at it:

    #0  0x000055fe6e84bcc8 in object_link_get_targetp (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, lprop=0xf) at ../qom/object.c:1871                            
    #1  0x000055fe6e84c00f in object_set_link_property (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, v=0x55fe8ebc81a0, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", opaque=0xf,     
     errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/object.c:1945                                                                                        
              

  The opaque=0xf (15) is being passed as lprop but it should be a pointer to an ObjectLinkProperty.

Could be this:
  -OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PNV_PHB4)                                                                                         
  +OBJECT_DECLARE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PnvPHB4Class, PNV_PHB4)                                                                                  

The following seems to fix it:

$ git diff
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
index 48caba9e79..0eb1e7c2bf 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
@@ -1998,6 +1998,7 @@ static const TypeInfo pnv_phb4_type_info = {
     .parent        = TYPE_DEVICE,
     .instance_init = pnv_phb4_instance_init,
     .instance_size = sizeof(PnvPHB4),
+    .class_size    = sizeof(PnvPHB4Class),
     .class_init    = pnv_phb4_class_init,
     .interfaces = (const InterfaceInfo[]) {
             { TYPE_XIVE_NOTIFIER },


without .class_size, QOM will allocate sizeof(DeviceClass) and heap is
corrupted.

> 
> > bisect script:
> > 
> > #!/bin/bash                                                                                                                            
> > cd /scm/qemu-bisect/build                                                                                                              
> > make -j$(nproc) || exit 125                                                                                                            
> > ninja tests/qtest/boot-serial-test || exit 125                                                                                         
> > QTEST_QEMU_BINARY=./qemu-system-ppc64 timeout 60 ./tests/qtest/boot-serial-test -p /ppc64/boot-serial/powernv9 && exit 0 || exit 1     
> > 
> > 
> > > ---
> > > v1 -> v2: New PnvPHB4Class to hold each register's RO mask.
> > > 
> > >  hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c              | 78 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
> > >  include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h      | 13 ++++-
> > >  include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h | 20 ++++++--
> > >  tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c         | 60 +++++++++++++++++++++-
> > >  4 files changed, 157 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
> > > 
> > > diff --git a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> > > index 70f5af21fa..48caba9e79 100644
> > > --- a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> > > +++ b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> > > @@ -707,6 +707,11 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reg_write(void *opaque, hwaddr off, uint64_t val,
> > >          return;
> > >      }
> > >  
> > > +    /* Update 'val' according to the register's RO-mask */
> > > +    PnvPHB4Class *k = PNV_PHB4_GET_CLASS(phb);
> > > +    val = (phb->regs[off >> 3] & k->ro_mask[off >> 3]) |
> > > +                                            (val & ~(k->ro_mask[off >> 3]));
> > > +
> > >      /* Record whether it changed */
> > >      changed = phb->regs[off >> 3] != val;
> > >  
> > > @@ -781,7 +786,7 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reg_write(void *opaque, hwaddr off, uint64_t val,
> > >      case PHB_TCE_TAG_ENABLE:
> > >      case PHB_INT_NOTIFY_ADDR:
> > >      case PHB_INT_NOTIFY_INDEX:
> > > -    case PHB_DMARD_SYNC:
> > > +    case PHB_DMA_SYNC:
> > >         break;
> > >  
> > >      /* Noise on anything else */
> > > @@ -819,7 +824,7 @@ static uint64_t pnv_phb4_reg_read(void *opaque, hwaddr off, unsigned size)
> > >      case PHB_VERSION:
> > >          return PNV_PHB4_PEC_GET_CLASS(phb->pec)->version;
> > >  
> > > -        /* Read-only */
> > > +    /* Read-only */
> > >      case PHB_PHB4_GEN_CAP:
> > >          return 0xe4b8000000000000ull;
> > >      case PHB_PHB4_TCE_CAP:
> > > @@ -829,18 +834,49 @@ static uint64_t pnv_phb4_reg_read(void *opaque, hwaddr off, unsigned size)
> > >      case PHB_PHB4_EEH_CAP:
> > >          return phb->big_phb ? 0x2000000000000000ull : 0x1000000000000000ull;
> > >  
> > > +    /* Write-only, read will return zeros */
> > > +    case PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK:
> > > +    case PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK:
> > > +        return 0;
> > > +    case PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL:
> > > +        val &= ~PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_WREN;
> > > +        return val;
> > >      /* IODA table accesses */
> > >      case PHB_IODA_DATA0:
> > >          return pnv_phb4_ioda_read(phb);
> > >  
> > > +    /*
> > > +     * DMA sync: make it look like it's complete,
> > > +     *           clear write-only read/write start sync bits.
> > > +     */
> > > +    case PHB_DMA_SYNC:
> > > +        val = PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_COMPLETE |
> > > +            ~(PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_START | PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_START);
> > > +        return val;
> > > +
> > > +    /*
> > > +     * PCI-E Stack registers
> > > +     */
> > > +    case PHB_PCIE_SCR:
> > > +        val |= PHB_PCIE_SCR_PLW_X16; /* RO bit */
> > > +        break;
> > > +
> > >      /* Link training always appears trained */
> > >      case PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRAIN_CTL:
> > >          /* TODO: Do something sensible with speed ? */
> > > -        return PHB_PCIE_DLP_INBAND_PRESENCE | PHB_PCIE_DLP_TL_LINKACT;
> > > +        val |= PHB_PCIE_DLP_INBAND_PRESENCE | PHB_PCIE_DLP_TL_LINKACT;
> > > +        return val;
> > > +
> > > +    case PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS:
> > > +        /* Clear write-only bit */
> > > +        val &= ~PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_RESAMPLE;
> > > +        return val;
> > >  
> > > -    /* DMA read sync: make it look like it's complete */
> > > -    case PHB_DMARD_SYNC:
> > > -        return PHB_DMARD_SYNC_COMPLETE;
> > > +    /* Link Management Register */
> > > +    case PHB_PCIE_LMR:
> > > +        /* These write-only bits always read as 0 */
> > > +        val &= ~(PHB_PCIE_LMR_CHANGELW | PHB_PCIE_LMR_RETRAINLINK);
> > > +        return val;
> > >  
> > >      /* Silent simple reads */
> > >      case PHB_LSI_SOURCE_ID:
> > > @@ -1685,6 +1721,32 @@ static PCIIOMMUOps pnv_phb4_iommu_ops = {
> > >      .get_address_space = pnv_phb4_dma_iommu,
> > >  };
> > >  
> > > +static void pnv_phb4_ro_mask_init(PnvPHB4 *phb)
> > > +{
> > > +    PnvPHB4Class *phb4c = PNV_PHB4_GET_CLASS(phb);
> > > +
> > > +    /*
> > > +     * Set register specific RO-masks
> > > +     */
> > > +
> > > +    /* PBL - Error Injection Register (0x1910) */
> > > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT >> 3] =
> > > +        PPC_BITMASK(0, 23) | PPC_BITMASK(28, 35) | PPC_BIT(38) | PPC_BIT(46) |
> > > +        PPC_BITMASK(49, 51) | PPC_BITMASK(55, 63);
> > > +
> > > +    /* Reserved bits[60:63] */
> > > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_TXE_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
> > > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_TXE_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(60, 63);
> > > +    /* Reserved bits[36:63] */
> > > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_RXE_TCE_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
> > > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_RXE_TCE_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(36, 63);
> > > +    /* Reserved bits[40:63] */
> > > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
> > > +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(40, 63);
> > > +
> > > +    /* TODO: Add more RO-masks as regs are implemented in the model */
> > > +}
> > > +
> > >  static void pnv_phb4_err_reg_reset(PnvPHB4 *phb)
> > >  {
> > >      STICKY_RST(PHB_ERR_STATUS,       0, PPC_BITMASK(0, 33));
> > > @@ -1743,6 +1805,7 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
> > >      pnv_phb4_err_reg_reset(phb);
> > >      pnv_phb4_pcie_stack_reg_reset(phb);
> > >      pnv_phb4_regb_err_reg_reset(phb);
> > > +    phb->regs[PHB_PCIE_CRESET >> 3] = 0xE000000000000000;
> > >  }
> > >  
> > >  static void pnv_phb4_instance_init(Object *obj)
> > > @@ -1753,6 +1816,9 @@ static void pnv_phb4_instance_init(Object *obj)
> > >  
> > >      /* XIVE interrupt source object */
> > >      object_initialize_child(obj, "source", &phb->xsrc, TYPE_XIVE_SOURCE);
> > > +
> > > +    /* Initialize RO-mask of registers */
> > > +    pnv_phb4_ro_mask_init(phb);
> > >  }
> > >  
> > >  void pnv_phb4_bus_init(DeviceState *dev, PnvPHB4 *phb)
> > > diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
> > > index 47a5c3edf5..bea0684724 100644
> > > --- a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
> > > +++ b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
> > > @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
> > >  
> > >  
> > >  #define TYPE_PNV_PHB4 "pnv-phb4"
> > > -OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PNV_PHB4)
> > > +OBJECT_DECLARE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PnvPHB4Class, PNV_PHB4)
> > >  
> > >  typedef struct PnvPhb4PecStack PnvPhb4PecStack;
> > >  
> > > @@ -156,6 +156,17 @@ struct PnvPHB4 {
> > >      QLIST_HEAD(, PnvPhb4DMASpace) dma_spaces;
> > >  };
> > >  
> > > +typedef struct PnvPHB4Class {
> > > +    DeviceClass parent_class;
> > > +
> > > +    /*
> > > +     * Read-only bitmask for registers
> > > +     * Bit value: 1 => RO bit
> > > +     *            0 => RW bit
> > > +     */
> > > +    uint64_t ro_mask[PNV_PHB4_NUM_REGS];
> > > +} PnvPHB4Class;
> > > +
> > >  void pnv_phb4_pic_print_info(PnvPHB4 *phb, GString *buf);
> > >  int pnv_phb4_pec_get_phb_id(PnvPhb4PecState *pec, int stack_index);
> > >  PnvPhb4PecState *pnv_pec_add_phb(PnvChip *chip, PnvPHB *phb, Error **errp);
> > > diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
> > > index df5e86d29a..dfd0e01d1e 100644
> > > --- a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
> > > +++ b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
> > > @@ -180,9 +180,11 @@
> > >  #define PHB_M64_AOMASK                  0x1d0
> > >  #define PHB_M64_UPPER_BITS              0x1f0
> > >  #define PHB_NXLATE_PREFIX               0x1f8
> > > -#define PHB_DMARD_SYNC                  0x200
> > > -#define   PHB_DMARD_SYNC_START          PPC_BIT(0)
> > > -#define   PHB_DMARD_SYNC_COMPLETE       PPC_BIT(1)
> > > +#define PHB_DMA_SYNC                    0x200
> > > +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_START         PPC_BIT(0)
> > > +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_COMPLETE      PPC_BIT(1)
> > > +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_START         PPC_BIT(2)
> > > +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_COMPLETE      PPC_BIT(3)
> > >  #define PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE              0x208
> > >  #define   PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE_ALL        PPC_BIT(0)
> > >  #define   PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE_RID        PPC_BITMASK(16, 31)
> > > @@ -370,6 +372,7 @@
> > >  #define P32_CAP                                 0x228
> > >  #define P32_CTL                                 0x22C
> > >  #define P32_STAT                                0x230
> > > +
> > >  /* PHB4 REGB registers */
> > >  
> > >  /* PBL core */
> > > @@ -395,8 +398,8 @@
> > >  #define PHB_PCIE_SCR                    0x1A00
> > >  #define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_SLOT_CAP         PPC_BIT(15)
> > >  #define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_MAXLINKSPEED     PPC_BITMASK(32, 35)
> > > +#define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_PLW_X16          PPC_BIT(41) /* x16 */
> > >  #define PHB_PCIE_BNR                    0x1A08
> > > -
> > >  #define PHB_PCIE_CRESET                 0x1A10
> > >  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_CFG_CORE      PPC_BIT(0)
> > >  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_TLDLP         PPC_BIT(1)
> > > @@ -405,7 +408,14 @@
> > >  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PIPE_N        PPC_BIT(4)
> > >  #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_REFCLK_N      PPC_BIT(8)
> > >  #define PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS         0x1A20
> > > +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_SIMDIAG       PPC_BIT(3)
> > > +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_RESAMPLE      PPC_BIT(9)
> > >  #define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_PRESENCE      PPC_BIT(10)
> > > +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_LINKACTIVE    PPC_BIT(12)
> > > +#define PHB_PCIE_LMR                    0x1A30
> > > +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_CHANGELW         PPC_BIT(0)
> > > +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_RETRAINLINK      PPC_BIT(1)
> > > +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_LINKACTIVE       PPC_BIT(8)
> > >  
> > >  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRAIN_CTL          0x1A40
> > >  #define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_LINK_WIDTH       PPC_BITMASK(30, 35)
> > > @@ -433,7 +443,7 @@
> > >  
> > >  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL             0x1A80
> > >  #define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_EN        PPC_BIT(0)
> > > -
> > > +#define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_WREN      PPC_BIT(1)
> > >  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERRLOG1            0x1AA0
> > >  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERRLOG2            0x1AA8
> > >  #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERR_STATUS         0x1AB0
> > > diff --git a/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c b/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
> > > index f186efaf0d..841306ae3f 100644
> > > --- a/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
> > > +++ b/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
> > > @@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ static void phb4_sticky_rst_test(QTestState *qts)
> > >       * Sticky reset test of PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
> > >       *
> > >       * Write all 1's to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT.
> > > -     * Updated value will be copied to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
> > > +     * RO-only bits will not be written and
> > > +     * updated value will be copied to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
> > >       *
> > >       * Reset PBL core by setting PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PBL in reg PHB_PCIE_CRESET.
> > >       * Verify the sticky bits are still set.
> > > @@ -81,7 +82,59 @@ static void phb4_sticky_rst_test(QTestState *qts)
> > >      phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > >      phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_CRESET, PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PBL); /*Reset*/
> > >      val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS);
> > > -    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, (PPC_BITMASK(0, 9) | PPC_BITMASK(12, 63)));
> > > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0xF00DFD8E00);
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +/* Check that write-only bits/regs return 0 when read */
> > > +static void phb4_writeonly_read_test(QTestState *qts)
> > > +{
> > > +    uint64_t val;
> > > +
> > > +    /*
> > > +     * Set all bits of PHB_DMA_SYNC,
> > > +     * bits 0 and 2 are write-only and should be read as 0.
> > > +     */
> > > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_DMA_SYNC, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_DMA_SYNC);
> > > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(0), ==, 0x0);
> > > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(2), ==, 0x0);
> > > +
> > > +    /*
> > > +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS,
> > > +     * bit 9 is write-only and should be read as 0.
> > > +     */
> > > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS);
> > > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(9), ==, 0x0);
> > > +
> > > +    /*
> > > +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_LMR,
> > > +     * bits 0 and 1 are write-only and should be read as 0.
> > > +     */
> > > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_LMR, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_LMR);
> > > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(0), ==, 0x0);
> > > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(1), ==, 0x0);
> > > +
> > > +    /*
> > > +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL,
> > > +     * write-only bit-1 should be read as 0.
> > > +     */
> > > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL);
> > > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(1), ==, 0x0);
> > > +
> > > +    /*
> > > +     * Set all bits of PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK, PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK,
> > > +     * both regs are write-only and should be read as 0.
> > > +     */
> > > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK);
> > > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0x0);
> > > +
> > > +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
> > > +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK);
> > > +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0x0);
> > >  }
> > >  
> > >  static void phb4_tests(void)
> > > @@ -96,6 +149,9 @@ static void phb4_tests(void)
> > >      /* Check sticky reset of a register */
> > >      phb4_sticky_rst_test(qts);
> > >  
> > > +    /* Check write-only logic */
> > > +    phb4_writeonly_read_test(qts);
> > > +
> > >      qtest_quit(qts);
> > >  }
> > >  
> > > -- 
> > > 2.47.3
Re: [PATCH v2 4/9] pnv/phb4: Implement read-only and write-only bits of registers
Posted by Saif Abrar 7 hours ago
Hello Michael,

Thanks for the analysis!

I'll send the next patchset with your fix.

Regards,

Saif


On 04-02-2026 12:12 pm, Michael S. Tsirkin wrote:
> On Wed, Feb 04, 2026 at 12:12:01AM -0500, Michael S. Tsirkin wrote:
>> On Wed, Feb 04, 2026 at 12:04:20AM -0500, Michael S. Tsirkin wrote:
>>> On Tue, Dec 30, 2025 at 04:21:22AM -0600, Saif Abrar wrote:
>>>> SW cannot write the read-only(RO) bits of a register
>>>> and write-only(WO) bits of a register return 0 when read.
>>>>
>>>> Added ro_mask[] for each register that defines which
>>>> bits in that register are RO.
>>>> When writing to a register, the RO-bits are not updated.
>>>>
>>>> When reading a register, clear the WO bits and return the updated value.
>>>>
>>>> Tested the registers PHB_DMA_SYNC, PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS, PHB_PCIE_LMR,
>>>> PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL, PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK and PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK
>>>> by writing all 1's and reading back the value.
>>>> The WO bits in these registers should read back as 0.
>>>>
>>>> Signed-off-by: Saif Abrar<saif.abrar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
>>>> Reviewed-by: Cédric Le Goater<clg@kaod.org>
>>> causes a crash in boot-serial-test:
>>> https://gitlab.com/mstredhat/qemu/-/jobs/12975819193
>> I forgot to say - with tci:
>>
>>    ../configure --enable-tcg-interpreter --target-list=ppc64-softmmu
> triggered with tcg now, too.
>
>    Core was generated by `/scm/qemu-bisect/build/qemu-system-ppc64 -qtest unix:/tmp/qtest-194326.sock -qtest-log /dev/null -chardev
>       socket,path=/tmp/qtest-194326.qmp,id=char0 -mon chardev=char0,mode=control -display none -audio none -run-with
>      exit-with-parent=on -M powernv9 -no-shutdown -chardev file,id=serial0,path=/tmp/qtest-boot-serial-sVOZKK3 -serial
>      chardev:serial0 -accel tcg -accel kvm -accel qtest'.
>      Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
>      #0  0x000055fe6e84bcc8 in object_link_get_targetp (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, lprop=0xf) at ../qom/object.c:1871
>      1871            if (lprop->flags & OBJ_PROP_LINK_DIRECT) {
>      [Current thread is 1 (Thread 0x7f2716e774c0 (LWP 194336))]
>      warning: File "/scm/qemu/.gdbinit" auto-loading has been declined by your `auto-load safe-path' set to
>      "$debugdir:$datadir/auto-load:/usr/lib/golang/src/runtime/runtime-gdb.py".
>      To enable execution of this file add
>          add-auto-load-safe-path /scm/qemu/.gdbinit
>      line to your configuration file "/home/mst/.config/gdb/gdbinit".
>      To completely disable this security protection add
>          set auto-load safe-path /
>      line to your configuration file "/home/mst/.config/gdb/gdbinit".
>      For more information about this security protection see the
>      "Auto-loading safe path" section in the GDB manual.  E.g., run from the shell:
>          info "(gdb)Auto-loading safe path"
>      #0  0x000055fe6e84bcc8 in object_link_get_targetp (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, lprop=0xf) at ../qom/object.c:1871
>      #1  0x000055fe6e84c00f in object_set_link_property (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, v=0x55fe8ebc81a0, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", opaque=0xf,
>       errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/object.c:1945
>      #2  0x000055fe6e84aad7 in object_property_set (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", v=0x55fe8ebc81a0,
>      errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/object.c:1450
>      #3  0x000055fe6e84fcc3 in object_property_set_qobject (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", value=0x55fe8ebc8520,
>      errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/qom-qobject.c:28
>      #4  0x000055fe6e84ab7b in object_property_set_str (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", value=0x55fe8ebbc8e0
>      "/machine/chip[0]/pec[0]", errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/object.c:1458
>      #5  0x000055fe6e84ad30 in object_property_set_link (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", value=0x55fe8e654330,
>      errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/object.c:1495
>      #6  0x000055fe6e7fb1ff in pnv_phb_realize (dev=0x55fe8ebbb960, errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../hw/pci-host/pnv_phb.c:156
>      #7  0x000055fe6e8435be in device_set_realized (obj=0x55fe8ebbb960, value=true, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../hw/core/qdev.c:523
>      #8  0x000055fe6e84d060 in property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8ebbb960, v=0x55fe8e70db20, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized",
>      opaque=0x55fe8e2595f0, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../qom/object.c:2376
>      #9  0x000055fe6e84aad7 in object_property_set (obj=0x55fe8ebbb960, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", v=0x55fe8e70db20,
>      errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../qom/object.c:1450
>      #10 0x000055fe6e84fcc3 in object_property_set_qobject (obj=0x55fe8ebbb960, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=0x55fe8ebbc860,
>       errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../qom/qom-qobject.c:28
>      #11 0x000055fe6e84ae8a in object_property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8ebbb960, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=true,
>      errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../qom/object.c:1520
>      #12 0x000055fe6e842c6b in qdev_realize (dev=0x55fe8ebbb960, bus=0x55fe8e6164d0, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../hw/core/qdev.c:276
>      #13 0x000055fe6e1ee440 in sysbus_realize (dev=0x55fe8ebbb960, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../hw/core/sysbus.c:249
>      #14 0x000055fe6e7f9901 in pnv_pec_default_phb_realize (pec=0x55fe8e654330, stack_no=0, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at
>      ../hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_pec.c:194
>      #15 0x000055fe6e7f9bc0 in pnv_pec_realize (dev=0x55fe8e654330, errp=0x7ffe749d2d60) at ../hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_pec.c:258
>      #16 0x000055fe6e8435be in device_set_realized (obj=0x55fe8e654330, value=true, errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../hw/core/qdev.c:523
>      #17 0x000055fe6e84d060 in property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8e654330, v=0x55fe8e63ea90, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized",
>      opaque=0x55fe8e2595f0, errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../qom/object.c:2376
>      #18 0x000055fe6e84aad7 in object_property_set (obj=0x55fe8e654330, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", v=0x55fe8e63ea90,
>      errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../qom/object.c:1450
>      #19 0x000055fe6e84fcc3 in object_property_set_qobject (obj=0x55fe8e654330, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=0x55fe8ebbb0f0,
>       errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../qom/qom-qobject.c:28
>      #20 0x000055fe6e84ae8a in object_property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8e654330, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=true,
>      errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../qom/object.c:1520
>      #21 0x000055fe6e842c6b in qdev_realize (dev=0x55fe8e654330, bus=0x0, errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../hw/core/qdev.c:276
>      #22 0x000055fe6e676fef in pnv_chip_power9_pec_realize (chip=0x55fe8e64e4f0, errp=0x7ffe749d2fe8) at ../hw/ppc/pnv.c:1892
>      #23 0x000055fe6e677b1b in pnv_chip_power9_realize (dev=0x55fe8e64e4f0, errp=0x7ffe749d3080) at ../hw/ppc/pnv.c:2108
>      #24 0x000055fe6e8435be in device_set_realized (obj=0x55fe8e64e4f0, value=true, errp=0x7ffe749d3190) at ../hw/core/qdev.c:523
>      #25 0x000055fe6e84d060 in property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8e64e4f0, v=0x55fe8e623cf0, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized",
>      opaque=0x55fe8e2595f0, errp=0x7ffe749d3190) at ../qom/object.c:2376
>      #26 0x000055fe6e84aad7 in object_property_set (obj=0x55fe8e64e4f0, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", v=0x55fe8e623cf0,
>      errp=0x7ffe749d3190) at ../qom/object.c:1450
>      #27 0x000055fe6e84fcc3 in object_property_set_qobject (obj=0x55fe8e64e4f0, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=0x55fe8e63eb90,
>       errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at ../qom/qom-qobject.c:28
>      #28 0x000055fe6e84ae8a in object_property_set_bool (obj=0x55fe8e64e4f0, name=0x55fe6efb2979 "realized", value=true,
>      errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at ../qom/object.c:1520
>      #29 0x000055fe6e842c6b in qdev_realize (dev=0x55fe8e64e4f0, bus=0x55fe8e6164d0, errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at
>      ../hw/core/qdev.c:276
>      #30 0x000055fe6e842ca4 in qdev_realize_and_unref (dev=0x55fe8e64e4f0, bus=0x55fe8e6164d0, errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at
>      ../hw/core/qdev.c:283
>      #31 0x000055fe6e1ee488 in sysbus_realize_and_unref (dev=0x55fe8e64e4f0, errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at
>      ../hw/core/sysbus.c:254
>      #32 0x000055fe6e675245 in pnv_init (machine=0x55fe8e615c80) at ../hw/ppc/pnv.c:1221
>      #33 0x000055fe6e1e62de in machine_run_board_init (machine=0x55fe8e615c80, mem_path=0x0, errp=0x7ffe749d3420) at
>      ../hw/core/machine.c:1747
>      #34 0x000055fe6e44f235 in qemu_init_board () at ../system/vl.c:2715
>      #35 0x000055fe6e44f5c8 in qmp_x_exit_preconfig (errp=0x55fe6f599380 <error_fatal>) at ../system/vl.c:2809
>      #36 0x000055fe6e452a22 in qemu_init (argc=28, argv=0x7ffe749d37d8) at ../system/vl.c:3849
>      #37 0x000055fe6e99bb52 in main (argc=28, argv=0x7ffe749d37d8) at ../system/main.c:71
>       
>
>
> Looking at it:
>
>      #0  0x000055fe6e84bcc8 in object_link_get_targetp (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, lprop=0xf) at ../qom/object.c:1871
>      #1  0x000055fe6e84c00f in object_set_link_property (obj=0x55fe8ebbca10, v=0x55fe8ebc81a0, name=0x55fe6ef9d504 "pec", opaque=0xf,
>       errp=0x7ffe749d2a00) at ../qom/object.c:1945
>                
>
>    The opaque=0xf (15) is being passed as lprop but it should be a pointer to an ObjectLinkProperty.
>
> Could be this:
>    -OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PNV_PHB4)
>    +OBJECT_DECLARE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PnvPHB4Class, PNV_PHB4)
>
> The following seems to fix it:
>
> $ git diff
> diff --git a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> index 48caba9e79..0eb1e7c2bf 100644
> --- a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> +++ b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
> @@ -1998,6 +1998,7 @@ static const TypeInfo pnv_phb4_type_info = {
>       .parent        = TYPE_DEVICE,
>       .instance_init = pnv_phb4_instance_init,
>       .instance_size = sizeof(PnvPHB4),
> +    .class_size    = sizeof(PnvPHB4Class),
>       .class_init    = pnv_phb4_class_init,
>       .interfaces = (const InterfaceInfo[]) {
>               { TYPE_XIVE_NOTIFIER },
>
>
> without .class_size, QOM will allocate sizeof(DeviceClass) and heap is
> corrupted.
>
>>> bisect script:
>>>
>>> #!/bin/bash
>>> cd /scm/qemu-bisect/build
>>> make -j$(nproc) || exit 125
>>> ninja tests/qtest/boot-serial-test || exit 125
>>> QTEST_QEMU_BINARY=./qemu-system-ppc64 timeout 60 ./tests/qtest/boot-serial-test -p /ppc64/boot-serial/powernv9 && exit 0 || exit 1
>>>
>>>
>>>> ---
>>>> v1 -> v2: New PnvPHB4Class to hold each register's RO mask.
>>>>
>>>>   hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c              | 78 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
>>>>   include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h      | 13 ++++-
>>>>   include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h | 20 ++++++--
>>>>   tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c         | 60 +++++++++++++++++++++-
>>>>   4 files changed, 157 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
>>>>
>>>> diff --git a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
>>>> index 70f5af21fa..48caba9e79 100644
>>>> --- a/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
>>>> +++ b/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.c
>>>> @@ -707,6 +707,11 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reg_write(void *opaque, hwaddr off, uint64_t val,
>>>>           return;
>>>>       }
>>>>   
>>>> +    /* Update 'val' according to the register's RO-mask */
>>>> +    PnvPHB4Class *k = PNV_PHB4_GET_CLASS(phb);
>>>> +    val = (phb->regs[off >> 3] & k->ro_mask[off >> 3]) |
>>>> +                                            (val & ~(k->ro_mask[off >> 3]));
>>>> +
>>>>       /* Record whether it changed */
>>>>       changed = phb->regs[off >> 3] != val;
>>>>   
>>>> @@ -781,7 +786,7 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reg_write(void *opaque, hwaddr off, uint64_t val,
>>>>       case PHB_TCE_TAG_ENABLE:
>>>>       case PHB_INT_NOTIFY_ADDR:
>>>>       case PHB_INT_NOTIFY_INDEX:
>>>> -    case PHB_DMARD_SYNC:
>>>> +    case PHB_DMA_SYNC:
>>>>          break;
>>>>   
>>>>       /* Noise on anything else */
>>>> @@ -819,7 +824,7 @@ static uint64_t pnv_phb4_reg_read(void *opaque, hwaddr off, unsigned size)
>>>>       case PHB_VERSION:
>>>>           return PNV_PHB4_PEC_GET_CLASS(phb->pec)->version;
>>>>   
>>>> -        /* Read-only */
>>>> +    /* Read-only */
>>>>       case PHB_PHB4_GEN_CAP:
>>>>           return 0xe4b8000000000000ull;
>>>>       case PHB_PHB4_TCE_CAP:
>>>> @@ -829,18 +834,49 @@ static uint64_t pnv_phb4_reg_read(void *opaque, hwaddr off, unsigned size)
>>>>       case PHB_PHB4_EEH_CAP:
>>>>           return phb->big_phb ? 0x2000000000000000ull : 0x1000000000000000ull;
>>>>   
>>>> +    /* Write-only, read will return zeros */
>>>> +    case PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK:
>>>> +    case PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK:
>>>> +        return 0;
>>>> +    case PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL:
>>>> +        val &= ~PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_WREN;
>>>> +        return val;
>>>>       /* IODA table accesses */
>>>>       case PHB_IODA_DATA0:
>>>>           return pnv_phb4_ioda_read(phb);
>>>>   
>>>> +    /*
>>>> +     * DMA sync: make it look like it's complete,
>>>> +     *           clear write-only read/write start sync bits.
>>>> +     */
>>>> +    case PHB_DMA_SYNC:
>>>> +        val = PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_COMPLETE |
>>>> +            ~(PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_START | PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_START);
>>>> +        return val;
>>>> +
>>>> +    /*
>>>> +     * PCI-E Stack registers
>>>> +     */
>>>> +    case PHB_PCIE_SCR:
>>>> +        val |= PHB_PCIE_SCR_PLW_X16; /* RO bit */
>>>> +        break;
>>>> +
>>>>       /* Link training always appears trained */
>>>>       case PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRAIN_CTL:
>>>>           /* TODO: Do something sensible with speed ? */
>>>> -        return PHB_PCIE_DLP_INBAND_PRESENCE | PHB_PCIE_DLP_TL_LINKACT;
>>>> +        val |= PHB_PCIE_DLP_INBAND_PRESENCE | PHB_PCIE_DLP_TL_LINKACT;
>>>> +        return val;
>>>> +
>>>> +    case PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS:
>>>> +        /* Clear write-only bit */
>>>> +        val &= ~PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_RESAMPLE;
>>>> +        return val;
>>>>   
>>>> -    /* DMA read sync: make it look like it's complete */
>>>> -    case PHB_DMARD_SYNC:
>>>> -        return PHB_DMARD_SYNC_COMPLETE;
>>>> +    /* Link Management Register */
>>>> +    case PHB_PCIE_LMR:
>>>> +        /* These write-only bits always read as 0 */
>>>> +        val &= ~(PHB_PCIE_LMR_CHANGELW | PHB_PCIE_LMR_RETRAINLINK);
>>>> +        return val;
>>>>   
>>>>       /* Silent simple reads */
>>>>       case PHB_LSI_SOURCE_ID:
>>>> @@ -1685,6 +1721,32 @@ static PCIIOMMUOps pnv_phb4_iommu_ops = {
>>>>       .get_address_space = pnv_phb4_dma_iommu,
>>>>   };
>>>>   
>>>> +static void pnv_phb4_ro_mask_init(PnvPHB4 *phb)
>>>> +{
>>>> +    PnvPHB4Class *phb4c = PNV_PHB4_GET_CLASS(phb);
>>>> +
>>>> +    /*
>>>> +     * Set register specific RO-masks
>>>> +     */
>>>> +
>>>> +    /* PBL - Error Injection Register (0x1910) */
>>>> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT >> 3] =
>>>> +        PPC_BITMASK(0, 23) | PPC_BITMASK(28, 35) | PPC_BIT(38) | PPC_BIT(46) |
>>>> +        PPC_BITMASK(49, 51) | PPC_BITMASK(55, 63);
>>>> +
>>>> +    /* Reserved bits[60:63] */
>>>> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_TXE_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
>>>> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_TXE_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(60, 63);
>>>> +    /* Reserved bits[36:63] */
>>>> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_RXE_TCE_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
>>>> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_RXE_TCE_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(36, 63);
>>>> +    /* Reserved bits[40:63] */
>>>> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_ERR_LEM_ENABLE >> 3] =
>>>> +    phb4c->ro_mask[PHB_ERR_AIB_FENCE_ENABLE >> 3] = PPC_BITMASK(40, 63);
>>>> +
>>>> +    /* TODO: Add more RO-masks as regs are implemented in the model */
>>>> +}
>>>> +
>>>>   static void pnv_phb4_err_reg_reset(PnvPHB4 *phb)
>>>>   {
>>>>       STICKY_RST(PHB_ERR_STATUS,       0, PPC_BITMASK(0, 33));
>>>> @@ -1743,6 +1805,7 @@ static void pnv_phb4_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
>>>>       pnv_phb4_err_reg_reset(phb);
>>>>       pnv_phb4_pcie_stack_reg_reset(phb);
>>>>       pnv_phb4_regb_err_reg_reset(phb);
>>>> +    phb->regs[PHB_PCIE_CRESET >> 3] = 0xE000000000000000;
>>>>   }
>>>>   
>>>>   static void pnv_phb4_instance_init(Object *obj)
>>>> @@ -1753,6 +1816,9 @@ static void pnv_phb4_instance_init(Object *obj)
>>>>   
>>>>       /* XIVE interrupt source object */
>>>>       object_initialize_child(obj, "source", &phb->xsrc, TYPE_XIVE_SOURCE);
>>>> +
>>>> +    /* Initialize RO-mask of registers */
>>>> +    pnv_phb4_ro_mask_init(phb);
>>>>   }
>>>>   
>>>>   void pnv_phb4_bus_init(DeviceState *dev, PnvPHB4 *phb)
>>>> diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
>>>> index 47a5c3edf5..bea0684724 100644
>>>> --- a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
>>>> +++ b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4.h
>>>> @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
>>>>   
>>>>   
>>>>   #define TYPE_PNV_PHB4 "pnv-phb4"
>>>> -OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PNV_PHB4)
>>>> +OBJECT_DECLARE_TYPE(PnvPHB4, PnvPHB4Class, PNV_PHB4)
>>>>   
>>>>   typedef struct PnvPhb4PecStack PnvPhb4PecStack;
>>>>   
>>>> @@ -156,6 +156,17 @@ struct PnvPHB4 {
>>>>       QLIST_HEAD(, PnvPhb4DMASpace) dma_spaces;
>>>>   };
>>>>   
>>>> +typedef struct PnvPHB4Class {
>>>> +    DeviceClass parent_class;
>>>> +
>>>> +    /*
>>>> +     * Read-only bitmask for registers
>>>> +     * Bit value: 1 => RO bit
>>>> +     *            0 => RW bit
>>>> +     */
>>>> +    uint64_t ro_mask[PNV_PHB4_NUM_REGS];
>>>> +} PnvPHB4Class;
>>>> +
>>>>   void pnv_phb4_pic_print_info(PnvPHB4 *phb, GString *buf);
>>>>   int pnv_phb4_pec_get_phb_id(PnvPhb4PecState *pec, int stack_index);
>>>>   PnvPhb4PecState *pnv_pec_add_phb(PnvChip *chip, PnvPHB *phb, Error **errp);
>>>> diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
>>>> index df5e86d29a..dfd0e01d1e 100644
>>>> --- a/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
>>>> +++ b/include/hw/pci-host/pnv_phb4_regs.h
>>>> @@ -180,9 +180,11 @@
>>>>   #define PHB_M64_AOMASK                  0x1d0
>>>>   #define PHB_M64_UPPER_BITS              0x1f0
>>>>   #define PHB_NXLATE_PREFIX               0x1f8
>>>> -#define PHB_DMARD_SYNC                  0x200
>>>> -#define   PHB_DMARD_SYNC_START          PPC_BIT(0)
>>>> -#define   PHB_DMARD_SYNC_COMPLETE       PPC_BIT(1)
>>>> +#define PHB_DMA_SYNC                    0x200
>>>> +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_START         PPC_BIT(0)
>>>> +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_RD_COMPLETE      PPC_BIT(1)
>>>> +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_START         PPC_BIT(2)
>>>> +#define   PHB_DMA_SYNC_WR_COMPLETE      PPC_BIT(3)
>>>>   #define PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE              0x208
>>>>   #define   PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE_ALL        PPC_BIT(0)
>>>>   #define   PHB_RTC_INVALIDATE_RID        PPC_BITMASK(16, 31)
>>>> @@ -370,6 +372,7 @@
>>>>   #define P32_CAP                                 0x228
>>>>   #define P32_CTL                                 0x22C
>>>>   #define P32_STAT                                0x230
>>>> +
>>>>   /* PHB4 REGB registers */
>>>>   
>>>>   /* PBL core */
>>>> @@ -395,8 +398,8 @@
>>>>   #define PHB_PCIE_SCR                    0x1A00
>>>>   #define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_SLOT_CAP         PPC_BIT(15)
>>>>   #define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_MAXLINKSPEED     PPC_BITMASK(32, 35)
>>>> +#define   PHB_PCIE_SCR_PLW_X16          PPC_BIT(41) /* x16 */
>>>>   #define PHB_PCIE_BNR                    0x1A08
>>>> -
>>>>   #define PHB_PCIE_CRESET                 0x1A10
>>>>   #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_CFG_CORE      PPC_BIT(0)
>>>>   #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_TLDLP         PPC_BIT(1)
>>>> @@ -405,7 +408,14 @@
>>>>   #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PIPE_N        PPC_BIT(4)
>>>>   #define   PHB_PCIE_CRESET_REFCLK_N      PPC_BIT(8)
>>>>   #define PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS         0x1A20
>>>> +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_SIMDIAG       PPC_BIT(3)
>>>> +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_RESAMPLE      PPC_BIT(9)
>>>>   #define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_PRESENCE      PPC_BIT(10)
>>>> +#define   PHB_PCIE_HPSTAT_LINKACTIVE    PPC_BIT(12)
>>>> +#define PHB_PCIE_LMR                    0x1A30
>>>> +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_CHANGELW         PPC_BIT(0)
>>>> +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_RETRAINLINK      PPC_BIT(1)
>>>> +#define   PHB_PCIE_LMR_LINKACTIVE       PPC_BIT(8)
>>>>   
>>>>   #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRAIN_CTL          0x1A40
>>>>   #define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_LINK_WIDTH       PPC_BITMASK(30, 35)
>>>> @@ -433,7 +443,7 @@
>>>>   
>>>>   #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL             0x1A80
>>>>   #define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_EN        PPC_BIT(0)
>>>> -
>>>> +#define   PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL_WREN      PPC_BIT(1)
>>>>   #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERRLOG1            0x1AA0
>>>>   #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERRLOG2            0x1AA8
>>>>   #define PHB_PCIE_DLP_ERR_STATUS         0x1AB0
>>>> diff --git a/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c b/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
>>>> index f186efaf0d..841306ae3f 100644
>>>> --- a/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
>>>> +++ b/tests/qtest/pnv-phb4-test.c
>>>> @@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ static void phb4_sticky_rst_test(QTestState *qts)
>>>>        * Sticky reset test of PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
>>>>        *
>>>>        * Write all 1's to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT.
>>>> -     * Updated value will be copied to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
>>>> +     * RO-only bits will not be written and
>>>> +     * updated value will be copied to reg PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS.
>>>>        *
>>>>        * Reset PBL core by setting PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PBL in reg PHB_PCIE_CRESET.
>>>>        * Verify the sticky bits are still set.
>>>> @@ -81,7 +82,59 @@ static void phb4_sticky_rst_test(QTestState *qts)
>>>>       phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PBL_ERR_INJECT, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
>>>>       phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_CRESET, PHB_PCIE_CRESET_PBL); /*Reset*/
>>>>       val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PBL_ERR_STATUS);
>>>> -    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, (PPC_BITMASK(0, 9) | PPC_BITMASK(12, 63)));
>>>> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0xF00DFD8E00);
>>>> +}
>>>> +
>>>> +/* Check that write-only bits/regs return 0 when read */
>>>> +static void phb4_writeonly_read_test(QTestState *qts)
>>>> +{
>>>> +    uint64_t val;
>>>> +
>>>> +    /*
>>>> +     * Set all bits of PHB_DMA_SYNC,
>>>> +     * bits 0 and 2 are write-only and should be read as 0.
>>>> +     */
>>>> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_DMA_SYNC, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
>>>> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_DMA_SYNC);
>>>> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(0), ==, 0x0);
>>>> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(2), ==, 0x0);
>>>> +
>>>> +    /*
>>>> +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS,
>>>> +     * bit 9 is write-only and should be read as 0.
>>>> +     */
>>>> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
>>>> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_HOTPLUG_STATUS);
>>>> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(9), ==, 0x0);
>>>> +
>>>> +    /*
>>>> +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_LMR,
>>>> +     * bits 0 and 1 are write-only and should be read as 0.
>>>> +     */
>>>> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_LMR, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
>>>> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_LMR);
>>>> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(0), ==, 0x0);
>>>> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(1), ==, 0x0);
>>>> +
>>>> +    /*
>>>> +     * Set all bits of PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL,
>>>> +     * write-only bit-1 should be read as 0.
>>>> +     */
>>>> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
>>>> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_PCIE_DLP_TRWCTL);
>>>> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val & PPC_BIT(1), ==, 0x0);
>>>> +
>>>> +    /*
>>>> +     * Set all bits of PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK, PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK,
>>>> +     * both regs are write-only and should be read as 0.
>>>> +     */
>>>> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
>>>> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_LEM_ERROR_AND_MASK);
>>>> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0x0);
>>>> +
>>>> +    phb4_xscom_write(PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK, PPC_BITMASK(0, 63));
>>>> +    val = phb4_xscom_read(PHB_LEM_ERROR_OR_MASK);
>>>> +    g_assert_cmpuint(val, ==, 0x0);
>>>>   }
>>>>   
>>>>   static void phb4_tests(void)
>>>> @@ -96,6 +149,9 @@ static void phb4_tests(void)
>>>>       /* Check sticky reset of a register */
>>>>       phb4_sticky_rst_test(qts);
>>>>   
>>>> +    /* Check write-only logic */
>>>> +    phb4_writeonly_read_test(qts);
>>>> +
>>>>       qtest_quit(qts);
>>>>   }
>>>>   
>>>> -- 
>>>> 2.47.3