Series comparison

-[PATCH v10 00/15] macOS PV Graphics and new vmapple machine type
+[PATCH v13 00/15] macOS PV Graphics and new vmapple machine type
 ...
    hosts only because ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework is a black box
    implementing most of the logic behind the apple-gfx device.)
  * PCI devices use legacy IRQs, not MSI/MSI-X. As far as I can tell,
    we'd need to include the GICv3 ITS, but it's unclear to me what
    exactly needs wiring up.
- * Due to lack of MSI(-X), event delivery from USB devices to the guest
+ * Due to a quirk (bug?) in the macOS XHCI driver when MSI-X is not
-   macOS isn't working correctly. My current conclusion is that the
+   available, correct functioning of the USB controller (and thus
-   OS's XHCI driver simply was never designed to work with legacy IRQs.
+   keyboard/tablet) requires a small workaround in the XHCI controller
-   The upshot is that keyboard and mouse/tablet input is very laggy.
+   device. This is part of another patch series:
-   The solution would be to implement MSI(-X) support or figure out how
+   https://patchew.org/QEMU/20241208191646.64857-1-phil@philjordan.eu/
    to make hcd-xhci-sysbus work with the macOS guest, if at all possible.
    (EHCI and UHCI/OHCI controllers are not an option as the VMAPPLE
    guest kernel does not include drivers for these.)
  * The guest OS must first be provisioned using Virtualization.framework;
    the disk images can subsequently be used in Qemu. (See docs.)
 The apple-gfx device can be used independently from the vmapple machine
 type, at least in the PCI variant. It mainly targets x86-64 macOS guests
 ...
      property instead of 2 different subtypes for aux and root volumes.
  * 15/15 (vmapple machine type): Documentation fixup for changed virtio-blk
    device type; small improvements to shell commands in documentation;
    improved propagation of errors during cfg device instantiation.
+v10 -> v11:
+ * 01/15 (ui & main loop): Simplified main.c, better comments & commit message
+ * 02/15 (apple-gfx): Give each PV display instance a unique serial number.
+ * 02 & 03/15 (apple-gfx, -pci): Formatting/style tweaks
+ * 15/15 (vmapple machine type): Improvements to shell code in docs
+v11 -> v12:
+ * 01/15 (ui & main loop): More precise wording of code comments.
+ * 02/15 (apple-gfx): Fixed memory management regressions introduced in v10;
+   improved error handling; various more conmetic code adjustments
+ * 09/15 (GPEX): Fixed uses of deleted GPEX_NUM_IRQS constant that have been
+   added to QEMU since this patch was originally written.
+v12 -> v13
+ * 15/15 (vmapple machine type): Bumped the machine type version from 9.2
+   to 10.0.
+ * All patches in the series now have been positively reviewed and received
+   corresponding reviewed-by tags.
 Alexander Graf (9):
   hw: Add vmapple subdir
   hw/misc/pvpanic: Add MMIO interface
   hvf: arm: Ignore writes to CNTP_CTL_EL0
 ...
  hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c                   |   2 +-
  hw/arm/virt.c                       |   2 +-
  hw/block/virtio-blk.c               |  58 +-
  hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c    |   8 +
  hw/display/Kconfig                  |  13 +
- hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m         | 289 ++++++++++
+ hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m         | 289 +++++++++
  hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m          | 157 +++++
- hw/display/apple-gfx.h              |  78 +++
+ hw/display/apple-gfx.h              |  77 +++
- hw/display/apple-gfx.m              | 862 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+ hw/display/apple-gfx.m              | 880 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  hw/display/meson.build              |   7 +
  hw/display/trace-events             |  30 +
  hw/i386/microvm.c                   |   2 +-
- hw/loongarch/virt.c                 |   2 +-
+ hw/loongarch/virt.c                 |  12 +-
  hw/meson.build                      |   1 +
  hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c            |   2 +-
  hw/misc/Kconfig                     |   4 +
  hw/misc/meson.build                 |   1 +
  hw/misc/pvpanic-mmio.c              |  61 ++
  hw/openrisc/virt.c                  |  12 +-
  hw/pci-host/gpex.c                  |  43 +-
  hw/riscv/virt.c                     |  12 +-
- hw/vmapple/Kconfig                  |  32 ++
+ hw/vmapple/Kconfig                  |  32 +
- hw/vmapple/aes.c                    | 581 +++++++++++++++++++
+ hw/vmapple/aes.c                    | 581 ++++++++++++++++++
  hw/vmapple/bdif.c                   | 275 +++++++++
  hw/vmapple/cfg.c                    | 196 +++++++
  hw/vmapple/meson.build              |   5 +
  hw/vmapple/trace-events             |  21 +
  hw/vmapple/trace.h                  |   1 +
  hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c             | 205 +++++++
- hw/vmapple/vmapple.c                | 646 +++++++++++++++++++++
+ hw/vmapple/vmapple.c                | 646 ++++++++++++++++++++
  hw/xen/xen-pvh-common.c             |   2 +-
  hw/xtensa/virt.c                    |   2 +-
  include/hw/misc/pvpanic.h           |   1 +
  include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h          |   7 +-
  include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h            |   1 +
  include/hw/qdev-properties-system.h |   5 +
  include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h      |  11 +-
  include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h        |  23 +
- include/qemu-main.h                 |  21 +-
+ include/qemu-main.h                 |  14 +-
  include/qemu/cutils.h               |  15 +
- include/qemu/typedefs.h             |   1 +
  meson.build                         |   5 +
  qapi/virtio.json                    |  14 +
- system/main.c                       |  50 +-
+ system/main.c                       |  37 +-
  target/arm/hvf/hvf.c                |   9 +
  ui/cocoa.m                          |  54 +-
- ui/gtk.c                            |   8 +
+ ui/gtk.c                            |   4 +
  ui/sdl2.c                           |   4 +
  util/hexdump.c                      |  18 +
-files changed, 3840 insertions(+), 106 deletions(-)
+files changed, 3840 insertions(+), 110 deletions(-)
  create mode 100755 contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh
  create mode 100644 docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst
  create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
  create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
  create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx.h
 ...
  create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c
  create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/vmapple.c
  create mode 100644 include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 01/15] ui & main loop: Redesign of system-specific main thread event handling
+[PATCH v13 01/15] ui & main loop: Redesign of system-specific main thread event handling
 ...
 This means that on macOS, the platform's runloop events are always
 handled, regardless of chosen UI. The new PV graphics device will
 thus work in all configurations. There is no functional change on other
 operating systems.
+Implementing this via a global function pointer variable is a bit
+ugly, but it's probably worth investigating the existing UI thread rule
+violations in the SDL (e.g. #2537) and GTK+ back-ends. Fixing those
+issues might precipitate requirements similar but not identical to those
+of the Cocoa UI; hopefully we'll see some kind of pattern emerge, which
+can then be used as a basis for an overhaul. (In fact, it may turn
+out to be simplest to split the UI/native platform event thread from the
+QEMU main event loop on all platforms, with any UI or even none at all.)
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
 v5:
  * Simplified the way of setting/clearing the main loop by going back
 ...
 v10:
  * Added comments clarifying the functionality and purpose of qemu_main.
- include/qemu-main.h     | 21 ++++++++++++++--
+v11:
- include/qemu/typedefs.h |  1 +
- system/main.c           | 50 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
+ * Removed the qemu_main_fn typedef again.
- ui/cocoa.m              | 54 ++++++++++-------------------------------
+ * Consolidation of main, qemu_default_main, and call_qemu_default_main
- ui/gtk.c                |  8 ++++++
+   so that the latter has been eliminated altogether.
- ui/sdl2.c               |  4 +++
+ * Reinstated the #include <SDL.h> directive, added comment saying
-files changed, 90 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-)
+   why it's needed.
  * Improved the comment on the qemu_main global variable.
  * Expanded the commit message.
 v12:
  * More precise wording of code comments.
  include/qemu-main.h | 14 +++++++++++-
  system/main.c       | 37 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
  ui/cocoa.m          | 54 +++++++++++----------------------------------
  ui/gtk.c            |  4 ++++
  ui/sdl2.c           |  4 ++++
 files changed, 67 insertions(+), 46 deletions(-)
 diff --git a/include/qemu-main.h b/include/qemu-main.h
 index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
 --- a/include/qemu-main.h
 +++ b/include/qemu-main.h
 @@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
  #ifndef QEMU_MAIN_H
  #define QEMU_MAIN_H
 -int qemu_default_main(void);
--extern int (*qemu_main)(void);
 +/*
 + * The function to run on the main (initial) thread of the process.
 + * NULL means QEMU's main event loop.
 + * When non-NULL, QEMU's main event loop will run on a purposely created
 + * thread, after which the provided function pointer will be invoked on
 + * the initial thread.
 + * This is useful on platforms which treat the main thread as special
-+ * (macOS/Darwin) and/or require all UI API calls to occur from a
++ * (macOS/Darwin) and/or require all UI API calls to occur from the main
-+ * specific thread.
++ * thread. Those platforms can initialise it to a specific function,
-+ * Implementing this via a global function pointer variable is a bit
++ * while UI implementations may reset it to NULL during their init if they
-+ * ugly, but it's probably worth investigating the existing UI thread rule
++ * will handle system and UI events on the main thread via QEMU's own main
-+ * violations in the SDL (e.g. #2537) and GTK+ back-ends. Fixing those
++ * event loop.
 + * issues might precipitate requirements similar but not identical to those
 + * of the Cocoa UI; hopefully we'll see some kind of pattern emerge, which
 + * can then be used as a basis for an overhaul. (In fact, it may turn
 + * out to be simplest to split the UI/native platform event thread from the
 + * QEMU main event loop on all platforms, with any UI or even none at all.)
 + */
-+extern qemu_main_fn qemu_main;
+ extern int (*qemu_main)(void);
  #endif /* QEMU_MAIN_H */
-diff --git a/include/qemu/typedefs.h b/include/qemu/typedefs.h
-index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
---- a/include/qemu/typedefs.h
-+++ b/include/qemu/typedefs.h
-@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ typedef struct IRQState *qemu_irq;
-  * Function types
-  */
- typedef void (*qemu_irq_handler)(void *opaque, int n, int level);
-+typedef int (*qemu_main_fn)(void);
- #endif /* QEMU_TYPEDEFS_H */
 diff --git a/system/main.c b/system/main.c
 index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
 --- a/system/main.c
 +++ b/system/main.c
 @@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
  #include "qemu/osdep.h"
  #include "qemu-main.h"
 +#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
  #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
--#ifdef CONFIG_SDL
+ #ifdef CONFIG_SDL
--#include <SDL.h>
++/*
 + * SDL insists on wrapping the main() function with its own implementation on
 + * some platforms; it does so via a macro that renames our main function, so
 + * <SDL.h> must be #included here even with no SDL code called from this file.
 + */
  #include <SDL.h>
  #endif
 -int qemu_default_main(void)
 +#ifdef CONFIG_DARWIN
 +#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
- #endif
++#endif
++
--int qemu_default_main(void)
++static void *qemu_default_main(void *opaque)
 +static int qemu_default_main(void)
  {
      int status;
-@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ int qemu_default_main(void)
++    bql_lock();
-     return status;
+     status = qemu_main_loop();
- }
+     qemu_cleanup(status);
 +    bql_unlock();
 -    return status;
 +    exit(status);
  }
 -int (*qemu_main)(void) = qemu_default_main;
-+/*
++int (*qemu_main)(void);
 + * Various macOS system libraries, including the Cocoa UI and anything using
 + * libdispatch, such as ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework, requires that the
 + * main runloop, on the main (initial) thread be running or at least regularly
 + * polled for events. A special mode is therefore supported, where the QEMU
 + * main loop runs on a separate thread and the main thread handles the
 + * CF/Cocoa runloop.
 + */
 +
 +static void *call_qemu_default_main(void *opaque)
 +{
 +    int status;
 +
 +    bql_lock();
 +    status = qemu_default_main();
 +    bql_unlock();
 +
 +    exit(status);
 +}
 +
 +#ifdef CONFIG_DARWIN
 +static int os_darwin_cfrunloop_main(void)
 +{
 +    CFRunLoopRun();
-+    abort();
++    g_assert_not_reached();
 +}
-+
++int (*qemu_main)(void) = os_darwin_cfrunloop_main;
 +qemu_main_fn qemu_main = os_darwin_cfrunloop_main;
 +#else
 +qemu_main_fn qemu_main;
 +#endif
  int main(int argc, char **argv)
  {
-+    QemuThread main_loop_thread;
-+
      qemu_init(argc, argv);
 -    return qemu_main();
++    bql_unlock();
 +    if (qemu_main) {
++        QemuThread main_loop_thread;
 +        qemu_thread_create(&main_loop_thread, "qemu_main",
-+                           call_qemu_default_main, NULL, QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED);
++                           qemu_default_main, NULL, QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED);
 +        bql_unlock();
 +        return qemu_main();
 +    } else {
-+        qemu_default_main();
++        qemu_default_main(NULL);
 +    }
  }
 diff --git a/ui/cocoa.m b/ui/cocoa.m
 index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
 --- a/ui/cocoa.m
 ...
 @@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void gtk_display_init(DisplayState *ds, DisplayOptions *opts)
  #ifdef CONFIG_GTK_CLIPBOARD
      gd_clipboard_init(s);
  #endif /* CONFIG_GTK_CLIPBOARD */
 +
-+    /*
++    /* GTK's event polling must happen on the main thread. */
 +     * GTK+ calls must happen on the main thread at least on some platforms,
 +     * and on macOS the main runloop is polled via GTK+'s event handling.
 +     * Don't allow QEMU's event loop to be moved off the main thread.
 +     */
 +    qemu_main = NULL;
  }
  static void early_gtk_display_init(DisplayOptions *opts)
 diff --git a/ui/sdl2.c b/ui/sdl2.c
 ...
 +    qemu_main = NULL;
  }
  static QemuDisplay qemu_display_sdl2 = {
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 02/15] hw/display/apple-gfx: Introduce ParavirtualizedGraphics.Framework support
+[PATCH v13 02/15] hw/display/apple-gfx: Introduce ParavirtualizedGraphics.Framework support
 ...
 similarly never acquiring the BQL in a callback from PVG. Different strategies
 have been used (libdispatch, blocking and non-blocking BHs, RCU, etc.)
 depending on the specific requirements at each framework entry and exit point.
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
+Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
 v2:
  * Cherry-pick/rebase conflict fixes
 ...
  * Reworked the way frame rendering code is threaded to use BHs for sections
    requiring BQL.
  * Fix for ./configure error on non-macOS platforms.
  * Code formatting tweaks.
+v11:
+ * Generate unique display serial number for each apple-gfx device instance.
+ * Dropped redundant local variable initialisation.
+v12:
+ * Removed 2 redundant variable initialisations.
+ * Removed dedicated rendering dispatch_queue, use global queue instead.
+ * Fixed an object leak regression introduced in v10. Solved by placing
+   @autoreleasepool blocks around the relevant Objective-C code in the BH
+   functions replacing the dispatch_async tasks. (dispatch_async implicitly
+   cleaned up autoreleased objects.)
+ * Fixed missing retain/release of command buffers when handing off to a
+   non-BH thread. (Problem masked at runtime by above leak.)
+ * Better handling of render command encoding errors.
+ * Re-arranged positions of static variables in the file.
  hw/display/Kconfig          |   9 +
  hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m | 281 +++++++++++++
- hw/display/apple-gfx.h      |  67 ++++
+ hw/display/apple-gfx.h      |  66 +++
- hw/display/apple-gfx.m      | 765 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+ hw/display/apple-gfx.m      | 783 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  hw/display/meson.build      |   6 +
  hw/display/trace-events     |  28 ++
  meson.build                 |   4 +
-files changed, 1160 insertions(+)
+files changed, 1177 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
  create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx.h
  create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx.m
 diff --git a/hw/display/Kconfig b/hw/display/Kconfig
 ...
 +static PGIOSurfaceHostDevice *apple_gfx_prepare_iosurface_host_device(
 +    AppleGFXMMIOState *s)
 +{
 +    PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor *iosfc_desc =
 +        [PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor new];
-+    PGIOSurfaceHostDevice *iosfc_host_dev = nil;
++    PGIOSurfaceHostDevice *iosfc_host_dev;
 +
 +    iosfc_desc.mapMemory =
 +        ^bool(uint64_t phys, uint64_t len, bool ro, void **va, void *e, void *f) {
 +            *va = apple_gfx_mmio_map_surface_memory(phys, len, ro);
 +
 ...
 +    id<PGDevice> pgdev;
 +    id<PGDisplay> pgdisp;
 +    QemuConsole *con;
 +    id<MTLDevice> mtl;
 +    id<MTLCommandQueue> mtl_queue;
-+    dispatch_queue_t render_queue;
 +
 +    /* List `tasks` is protected by task_mutex */
 +    QemuMutex task_mutex;
 +    PGTaskList tasks;
 +
 ...
 +
 +static const PGDisplayCoord_t apple_gfx_modes[] = {
 +    { .x = 1440, .y = 1080 },
 +    { .x = 1280, .y = 1024 },
 +};
++
++static Error *apple_gfx_mig_blocker;
++static uint32_t next_pgdisplay_serial_num = 1;
++
++static dispatch_queue_t get_background_queue(void)
++{
++    return dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
++}
 +
 +/* ------ PGTask and task operations: new/destroy/map/unmap ------ */
 +
 +/*
 + * This implements the type declared in <ParavirtualizedGraphics/PGDevice.h>
 ...
 +     * Protected by AppleGFXState's task_mutex.
 +     */
 +    GPtrArray *mapped_regions;
 +};
 +
-+static Error *apple_gfx_mig_blocker;
-+
 +static PGTask_t *apple_gfx_new_task(AppleGFXState *s, uint64_t len)
 +{
 +    mach_vm_address_t task_mem;
 +    PGTask_t *task;
 +    kern_return_t r;
 ...
 +    id<MTLCommandBuffer> command_buffer = [s->mtl_queue commandBuffer];
 +    id<MTLTexture> texture = s->texture;
 +
 +    assert(bql_locked());
 +    [texture retain];
++    [command_buffer retain];
 +
 +    s->rendering_frame_width = width;
 +    s->rendering_frame_height = height;
 +
-+    dispatch_async(s->render_queue, ^{
++    dispatch_async(get_background_queue(), ^{
 +        /*
-+         * This is not safe to call from the BQL due to PVG-internal locks
++         * This is not safe to call from the BQL/BH due to PVG-internal locks
 +         * causing deadlocks.
 +         */
 +        bool r = [s->pgdisp encodeCurrentFrameToCommandBuffer:command_buffer
 +                                                 texture:texture
 +                                                  region:region];
 +        if (!r) {
 +            [texture release];
-+            bql_lock();
++            [command_buffer release];
 +            --s->pending_frames;
 +            bql_unlock();
 +            qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
 +                          "%s: encodeCurrentFrameToCommandBuffer:texture:region: "
 +                          "failed\n", __func__);
++            bql_lock();
++            --s->pending_frames;
++            if (s->pending_frames > 0) {
++                apple_gfx_render_new_frame(s);
++            }
++            bql_unlock();
 +            return;
 +        }
 +
 +        if (managed_texture) {
 +            /* "Managed" textures exist in both VRAM and RAM and must be synced. */
 ...
 +        [command_buffer addCompletedHandler:
 +            ^(id<MTLCommandBuffer> cb)
 +            {
 +                aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
 +                                        apple_gfx_render_frame_completed_bh, s);
-+
 +            }];
 +        [command_buffer commit];
++        [command_buffer release];
 +    });
 +}
 +
 +static void copy_mtl_texture_to_surface_mem(id<MTLTexture> texture, void *vram)
 +{
 ...
 +
 +static void apple_gfx_render_frame_completed_bh(void *opaque)
 +{
 +    AppleGFXState *s = opaque;
 +
-+    --s->pending_frames;
++    @autoreleasepool {
-+    assert(s->pending_frames >= 0);
++        --s->pending_frames;
-+
++        assert(s->pending_frames >= 0);
-+    /* Only update display if mode hasn't changed since we started rendering. */
++
-+    if (s->rendering_frame_width == surface_width(s->surface) &&
++        /* Only update display if mode hasn't changed since we started rendering. */
-+        s->rendering_frame_height == surface_height(s->surface)) {
++        if (s->rendering_frame_width == surface_width(s->surface) &&
-+        copy_mtl_texture_to_surface_mem(s->texture, surface_data(s->surface));
++            s->rendering_frame_height == surface_height(s->surface)) {
-+        if (s->gfx_update_requested) {
++            copy_mtl_texture_to_surface_mem(s->texture, surface_data(s->surface));
-+            s->gfx_update_requested = false;
++            if (s->gfx_update_requested) {
-+            dpy_gfx_update_full(s->con);
++                s->gfx_update_requested = false;
-+            graphic_hw_update_done(s->con);
++                dpy_gfx_update_full(s->con);
-+            s->new_frame_ready = false;
++                graphic_hw_update_done(s->con);
-+        } else {
++                s->new_frame_ready = false;
-+            s->new_frame_ready = true;
++            } else {
 +                s->new_frame_ready = true;
 +            }
 +        }
-+    }
++        if (s->pending_frames > 0) {
-+    if (s->pending_frames > 0) {
++            apple_gfx_render_new_frame(s);
-+        apple_gfx_render_new_frame(s);
++        }
 +    }
 +}
 +
 +static void apple_gfx_fb_update_display(void *opaque)
 +{
 ...
 +                                             width:width
 +                                            height:height
 +                                         mipmapped:NO];
 +        textureDescriptor.usage = s->pgdisp.minimumTextureUsage;
 +        s->texture = [s->mtl newTextureWithDescriptor:textureDescriptor];
-+    }
++        s->using_managed_texture_storage =
-+
++            (s->texture.storageMode == MTLStorageModeManaged);
-+    s->using_managed_texture_storage =
++    }
-+        (s->texture.storageMode == MTLStorageModeManaged);
++
 +    dpy_gfx_replace_surface(s->con, s->surface);
 +}
 +
 +static void update_cursor(AppleGFXState *s)
 +{
 ...
 +    return job.success;
 +}
 +
 +/* ------ Memory-mapped device I/O operations ------ */
 +
-+static dispatch_queue_t get_background_queue(void)
-+{
-+    return dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
-+}
-+
 +typedef struct AppleGFXIOJob {
 +    AppleGFXState *state;
 +    uint64_t offset;
 +    uint64_t value;
 +    bool completed;
 ...
 +
 +static void new_frame_handler_bh(void *opaque)
 +{
 +    AppleGFXState *s = opaque;
 +
-+    /* Drop frames if we get too far ahead. */
++    /* Drop frames if guest gets too far ahead. */
 +    if (s->pending_frames >= 2) {
 +        return;
 +    }
 +    ++s->pending_frames;
 +    if (s->pending_frames > 1) {
 +        return;
 +    }
-+    apple_gfx_render_new_frame(s);
++
 +    @autoreleasepool {
 +        apple_gfx_render_new_frame(s);
 +    }
 +}
 +
 +static PGDisplayDescriptor *apple_gfx_prepare_display_descriptor(AppleGFXState *s)
 +{
 +    PGDisplayDescriptor *disp_desc = [PGDisplayDescriptor new];
 ...
 +}
 +
 +static NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array(void)
 +{
 +    PGDisplayMode *modes[ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes)];
-+    NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* mode_array = nil;
++    NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* mode_array;
 +    int i;
 +
 +    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes); i++) {
 +        modes[i] =
 +            [[PGDisplayMode alloc] initWithSizeInPixels:apple_gfx_modes[i] refreshRateInHz:60.];
 ...
 +}
 +
 +bool apple_gfx_common_realize(AppleGFXState *s, DeviceState *dev,
 +                              PGDeviceDescriptor *desc, Error **errp)
 +{
-+    PGDisplayDescriptor *disp_desc = nil;
++    PGDisplayDescriptor *disp_desc;
 +
 +    if (apple_gfx_mig_blocker == NULL) {
 +        error_setg(&apple_gfx_mig_blocker,
 +                  "Migration state blocked by apple-gfx display device");
 +        if (migrate_add_blocker(&apple_gfx_mig_blocker, errp) < 0) {
 +            return false;
 +        }
 +    }
 +
 +    qemu_mutex_init(&s->task_mutex);
 +    QTAILQ_INIT(&s->tasks);
-+    s->render_queue = dispatch_queue_create("apple-gfx.render",
-+                                            DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
 +    s->mtl = copy_suitable_metal_device();
 +    s->mtl_queue = [s->mtl newCommandQueue];
 +
 +    desc.device = s->mtl;
 +
 ...
 +    s->cursor_show = true;
 +
 +    s->pgdev = PGNewDeviceWithDescriptor(desc);
 +
 +    disp_desc = apple_gfx_prepare_display_descriptor(s);
++    /*
++     * Although the framework does, this integration currently does not support
++     * multiple virtual displays connected to a single PV graphics device.
++     * It is however possible to create
++     * more than one instance of the device, each with one display. The macOS
++     * guest will ignore these displays if they share the same serial number,
++     * so ensure each instance gets a unique one.
++     */
 +    s->pgdisp = [s->pgdev newDisplayWithDescriptor:disp_desc
-+                                              port:0 serialNum:1234];
++                                              port:0
 +                                         serialNum:next_pgdisplay_serial_num++];
 +    [disp_desc release];
 +    s->pgdisp.modeList = apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array();
 +
 +    s->con = graphic_console_init(dev, 0, &apple_gfx_fb_ops, s);
 +    return true;
 ...
 +  metal = dependency('appleframeworks', modules: 'Metal')
  elif host_os == 'sunos'
    socket = [cc.find_library('socket'),
              cc.find_library('nsl'),
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 03/15] hw/display/apple-gfx: Adds PCI implementation
+[PATCH v13 03/15] hw/display/apple-gfx: Adds PCI implementation
 This change wires up the PCI variant of the paravirtualised
 graphics device, mainly useful for x86-64 macOS guests, implemented
 by macOS's ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework. It builds on code
 shared with the vmapple/mmio variant of the PVG device.
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
+Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
 v4:
  * Threading improvements analogous to those in common apple-gfx code
 ...
 v9:
  * Fixup of changed common call.
  * Whitespace and comment formatting tweaks.
+v11:
+ * Comment formatting fix.
  hw/display/Kconfig         |   4 +
  hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m | 150 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  hw/display/meson.build     |   1 +
 files changed, 155 insertions(+)
 ...
 +    pci->vendor_id = PG_PCI_VENDOR_ID;
 +    pci->device_id = PG_PCI_DEVICE_ID;
 +    pci->class_id = PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER;
 +    pci->realize = apple_gfx_pci_realize;
 +
-+    // TODO: Property for setting mode list
++    /* TODO: Property for setting mode list */
 +}
 +
 +static TypeInfo apple_gfx_pci_types[] = {
 +    {
 +        .name          = TYPE_APPLE_GFX_PCI,
 ...
 +  system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG_PCI',     if_true: [files('apple-gfx-pci.m'), pvg, metal])
    if cpu == 'aarch64'
      system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG_MMIO',  if_true: [files('apple-gfx-mmio.m'), pvg, metal])
    endif
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 04/15] hw/display/apple-gfx: Adds configurable mode list
+[PATCH v13 04/15] hw/display/apple-gfx: Adds configurable mode list
 ...
 -device '{"driver":"apple-gfx-pci", "display-modes":["1920x1080@60", "3840x2160@60"]}'
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
 v4:
  * Switched to the native array property type, which recently gained
 ...
      DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 @@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void apple_gfx_pci_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
      pci->class_id = PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER;
      pci->realize = apple_gfx_pci_realize;
--    // TODO: Property for setting mode list
+-    /* TODO: Property for setting mode list */
 +    device_class_set_props(dc, apple_gfx_pci_properties);
  }
  static TypeInfo apple_gfx_pci_types[] = {
 diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx.h b/hw/display/apple-gfx.h
 ...
 +
  typedef struct AppleGFXState {
      /* Initialised on init/realize() */
      MemoryRegion iomem_gfx;
 @@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ typedef struct AppleGFXState {
+     QemuConsole *con;
      id<MTLDevice> mtl;
      id<MTLCommandQueue> mtl_queue;
-     dispatch_queue_t render_queue;
 +    AppleGFXDisplayMode *display_modes;
 +    uint32_t num_display_modes;
      /* List `tasks` is protected by task_mutex */
      QemuMutex task_mutex;
 ...
 +    { 1920, 1080, 60 },
 +    { 1440, 1080, 60 },
 +    { 1280, 1024, 60 },
  };
- /* ------ PGTask and task operations: new/destroy/map/unmap ------ */
+ static Error *apple_gfx_mig_blocker;
 @@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void new_frame_handler_bh(void *opaque)
      return disp_desc;
  }
 -static NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array(void)
 +static NSArray<PGDisplayMode *> *apple_gfx_create_display_mode_array(
 +    const AppleGFXDisplayMode display_modes[], uint32_t display_mode_count)
  {
 -    PGDisplayMode *modes[ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes)];
--    NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* mode_array = nil;
+-    NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* mode_array;
 -    int i;
 -
 -    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes); i++) {
 -        modes[i] =
 -            [[PGDisplayMode alloc] initWithSizeInPixels:apple_gfx_modes[i] refreshRateInHz:60.];
 ...
      return mode_array;
 @@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ bool apple_gfx_common_realize(AppleGFXState *s, DeviceState *dev,
                                PGDeviceDescriptor *desc, Error **errp)
  {
-     PGDisplayDescriptor *disp_desc = nil;
+     PGDisplayDescriptor *disp_desc;
 +    const AppleGFXDisplayMode *display_modes = apple_gfx_default_modes;
 +    uint32_t num_display_modes = ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_default_modes);
 +    NSArray<PGDisplayMode *> *mode_array;
      if (apple_gfx_mig_blocker == NULL) {
          error_setg(&apple_gfx_mig_blocker,
 @@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ bool apple_gfx_common_realize(AppleGFXState *s, DeviceState *dev,
-     s->pgdisp = [s->pgdev newDisplayWithDescriptor:disp_desc
+                                               port:0
-                                               port:0 serialNum:1234];
+                                          serialNum:next_pgdisplay_serial_num++];
      [disp_desc release];
 -    s->pgdisp.modeList = apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array();
 +
 +    if (s->display_modes != NULL && s->num_display_modes > 0) {
 +        trace_apple_gfx_common_realize_modes_property(s->num_display_modes);
 ...
 +apple_gfx_display_mode(uint32_t mode_idx, uint16_t width_px, uint16_t height_px) "mode %2"PRIu32": %4"PRIu16"x%4"PRIu16
  # apple-gfx-mmio.m
  apple_gfx_mmio_iosfc_read(uint64_t offset, uint64_t res) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" res=0x%"PRIx64
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 05/15] MAINTAINERS: Add myself as maintainer for apple-gfx, reviewer for HVF
+[PATCH v13 05/15] MAINTAINERS: Add myself as maintainer for apple-gfx, reviewer for HVF
 ...
 +
  PIIX4 South Bridge (i82371AB)
  M: Hervé Poussineau <hpoussin@reactos.org>
  M: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 06/15] hw: Add vmapple subdir
+[PATCH v13 06/15] hw: Add vmapple subdir
 ...
 a single target directory.
 Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
  MAINTAINERS             | 7 +++++++
  hw/Kconfig              | 1 +
  hw/meson.build          | 1 +
  hw/vmapple/Kconfig      | 1 +
 ...
 +    'hw/vmapple',
      'hw/watchdog',
      'hw/xen',
      'hw/gpio',
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 07/15] hw/misc/pvpanic: Add MMIO interface
+[PATCH v13 07/15] hw/misc/pvpanic: Add MMIO interface
 ...
 Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
 Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
 Tested-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
 v3:
  * Rebased on upstream, updated a header path
 ...
 +#define TYPE_PVPANIC_MMIO_DEVICE "pvpanic-mmio"
  #define PVPANIC_IOPORT_PROP "ioport"
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 08/15] hvf: arm: Ignore writes to CNTP_CTL_EL0
+[PATCH v13 08/15] hvf: arm: Ignore writes to CNTP_CTL_EL0
 ...
 a full physical timer emulation, so let's just ignore those writes.
 Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
  target/arm/hvf/hvf.c | 9 +++++++++
 file changed, 9 insertions(+)
 diff --git a/target/arm/hvf/hvf.c b/target/arm/hvf/hvf.c
 ...
 +        return 0;
      case SYSREG_OSDLR_EL1:
          /* Dummy register */
          return 0;
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 09/15] gpex: Allow more than 4 legacy IRQs
+[PATCH v13 09/15] gpex: Allow more than 4 legacy IRQs
 ...
 In this mode, GPEX will export more IRQ lines, one for each device.
 Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
 v4:
  * Turned pair of IRQ arrays into array of structs.
  * Simplified swizzling logic selection.
+v12:
+ * Fixed uses of deleted GPEX_NUM_IRQS constant that have been
+   added to QEMU since this patch was originally written.
  hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c          |  2 +-
  hw/arm/virt.c              |  2 +-
  hw/i386/microvm.c          |  2 +-
- hw/loongarch/virt.c        |  2 +-
+ hw/loongarch/virt.c        | 12 +++++------
  hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c   |  2 +-
  hw/openrisc/virt.c         | 12 +++++------
  hw/pci-host/gpex.c         | 43 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
  hw/riscv/virt.c            | 12 +++++------
+ hw/xen/xen-pvh-common.c    |  2 +-
  hw/xtensa/virt.c           |  2 +-
  include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h |  7 +++----
-files changed, 55 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)
+files changed, 61 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)
 diff --git a/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c b/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
 index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
 --- a/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
 +++ b/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
 ...
      }
 diff --git a/hw/loongarch/virt.c b/hw/loongarch/virt.c
 index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
 --- a/hw/loongarch/virt.c
 +++ b/hw/loongarch/virt.c
+@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void fdt_add_pcie_irq_map_node(const LoongArchVirtMachineState *lvms,
+ {
+     int pin, dev;
+     uint32_t irq_map_stride = 0;
+-    uint32_t full_irq_map[GPEX_NUM_IRQS *GPEX_NUM_IRQS * 10] = {};
++    uint32_t full_irq_map[PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS * 10] = {};
+     uint32_t *irq_map = full_irq_map;
+     const MachineState *ms = MACHINE(lvms);
+@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void fdt_add_pcie_irq_map_node(const LoongArchVirtMachineState *lvms,
+      * to wrap to any number of devices.
+      */
+-    for (dev = 0; dev < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; dev++) {
++    for (dev = 0; dev < PCI_NUM_PINS; dev++) {
+         int devfn = dev * 0x8;
+-        for (pin = 0; pin  < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; pin++) {
+-            int irq_nr = 16 + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % GPEX_NUM_IRQS);
++        for (pin = 0; pin < PCI_NUM_PINS; pin++) {
++            int irq_nr = 16 + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % PCI_NUM_PINS);
+             int i = 0;
+             /* Fill PCI address cells */
+@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void fdt_add_pcie_irq_map_node(const LoongArchVirtMachineState *lvms,
+     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map", full_irq_map,
+-                     GPEX_NUM_IRQS * GPEX_NUM_IRQS *
++                     PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS *
+                      irq_map_stride * sizeof(uint32_t));
+     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map-mask",
+x1800, 0, 0, 0x7);
 @@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void virt_devices_init(DeviceState *pch_pic,
      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), VIRT_PCI_IO_BASE,
                                  pio_alias);
 -    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
 ...
      sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, pio_base);
 -    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
 +    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
          irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(irqchip, PCIE_IRQ + i);
+         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, irq);
+diff --git a/hw/xen/xen-pvh-common.c b/hw/xen/xen-pvh-common.c
+index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
+--- a/hw/xen/xen-pvh-common.c
++++ b/hw/xen/xen-pvh-common.c
+@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static inline void xenpvh_gpex_init(XenPVHMachineState *s,
+      */
+     assert(xpc->set_pci_intx_irq);
+-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
++    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
+         qemu_irq irq = qemu_allocate_irq(xpc->set_pci_intx_irq, s, i);
          sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, irq);
 diff --git a/hw/xtensa/virt.c b/hw/xtensa/virt.c
 index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
 --- a/hw/xtensa/virt.c
 ...
 +    uint8_t num_irqs;
      bool allow_unmapped_accesses;
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 10/15] hw/vmapple/aes: Introduce aes engine
+[PATCH v13 10/15] hw/vmapple/aes: Introduce aes engine
 ...
 Add device emulation for this device model.
 Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
+Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
 v3:
  * Rebased on latest upstream and fixed minor breakages.
 ...
 +        *(buffer++) = hexdump_nibble(val & 0xf);
 +    }
 +    *buffer = '\0';
 +}
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 11/15] hw/vmapple/bdif: Introduce vmapple backdoor interface
+[PATCH v13 11/15] hw/vmapple/bdif: Introduce vmapple backdoor interface
 ...
 guest recovery and I don't understand the protocol yet.
 Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
 v4:
  * Moved most header code to .c, rest to vmapple.h
 ...
 +#define TYPE_VMAPPLE_BDIF "vmapple-bdif"
 +
  #endif /* HW_VMAPPLE_VMAPPLE_H */
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 12/15] hw/vmapple/cfg: Introduce vmapple cfg region
+[PATCH v13 12/15] hw/vmapple/cfg: Introduce vmapple cfg region
 ...
 then map at the fixed location in the address space. That way, we can
 influence and annotate all configuration fields easily.
 Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
+Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
 v3:
  * Replaced legacy device reset method with Resettable method
 ...
 +#define TYPE_VMAPPLE_CFG "vmapple-cfg"
 +
  #endif /* HW_VMAPPLE_VMAPPLE_H */
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 13/15] hw/vmapple/virtio-blk: Add support for apple virtio-blk
+[PATCH v13 13/15] hw/vmapple/virtio-blk: Add support for apple virtio-blk
 ...
 The 'aux' or 'root' device type are selected using the 'variant' property.
 Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
 v4:
  * Use recommended object type declaration pattern.
 ...
 +# Since: 9.2
 +##
 +{ 'enum': 'VMAppleVirtioBlkVariant',
 +  'data': [ 'unspecified', 'root', 'aux' ] }
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 14/15] hw/block/virtio-blk: Replaces request free function with g_free
+[PATCH v13 14/15] hw/block/virtio-blk: Replaces request free function with g_free
 The virtio_blk_free_request() function has been a 1-liner forwarding
 to g_free() for a while now. We may as well call g_free on the request
 pointer directly.
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
  hw/block/virtio-blk.c          | 43 +++++++++++++++-------------------
  hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c        |  2 +-
  include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h |  1 -
 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)
 ...
 -void virtio_blk_free_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req);
  void virtio_blk_req_complete(VirtIOBlockReq *req, unsigned char status);
  #endif
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

-[PATCH v10 15/15] hw/vmapple/vmapple: Add vmapple machine type
+[PATCH v13 15/15] hw/vmapple/vmapple: Add vmapple machine type
 ...
 $ qemu-system-aarch64 -accel hvf -M vmapple,uuid=0x1234 -m 4G \
     -bios /System/Library/Frameworks/Virtualization.framework/Versions/A/Resources/AVPBooter.vmapple2.bin
     -drive file=aux,if=pflash,format=raw \
     -drive file=root,if=pflash,format=raw \
     -drive file=aux,if=none,id=aux,format=raw \
-    -device vmapple-virtio-aux,drive=aux \
+    -device vmapple-virtio-blk-pci,variant=aux,drive=aux \
     -drive file=root,if=none,id=root,format=raw \
-    -device vmapple-virtio-root,drive=root
+    -device vmapple-virtio-blk-pci,variant=root,drive=root
 With all these in place, you should be able to see macOS booting
 successfully.
 Known issues:
- - Keyboard and mouse/tablet input is laggy. The reason for this is
+ - Keyboard and mouse/tablet input is laggy. The reason is a quirk/bug
-   either that macOS's XHCI driver is broken when the device/platform
+   in macOS's XHCI driver when using pin-based interrupts instead of
-   does not support MSI/MSI-X, or there's some unfortunate interplay
+   MSI-X. A workaround is in the works.
    with Qemu's XHCI implementation in this scenario.
  - Currently only macOS 12 guests are supported. The boot process for
 + will need further investigation and adjustment.
 Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
 Co-authored-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
+Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
+Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
 ---
 v3:
  * Rebased on latest upstream, updated affinity and NIC creation
    API usage
 ...
 v10:
  * Documentation fixup for changed virtio-blk device type.
  * Small improvements to shell commands in documentation.
  * Improved propagation of errors during cfg device instantiation.
+v11:
+ * Quoted more strings in the documentation's shell script code.
+v13:
+ * Bumped the machine type version from 9.2 to 10.0.
  MAINTAINERS                 |   1 +
  contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh     |   9 +
  docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst |  63 ++++
  docs/system/target-arm.rst  |   1 +
 ...
 +to get better interactive access into the target system:
 +
 +.. code-block:: bash
 +  :caption: Example execution command line
 +
-+  $ UUID=$(contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh macosvm.json)
++  $ UUID="$(contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh 'macosvm.json')"
-+  $ AVPBOOTER=/System/Library/Frameworks/Virtualization.framework/Resources/AVPBooter.vmapple2.bin
++  $ AVPBOOTER="/System/Library/Frameworks/Virtualization.framework/Resources/AVPBooter.vmapple2.bin"
 +  $ AUX="aux.img.trimmed"
-+  $ DISK=disk.img
++  $ DISK="disk.img"
 +  $ qemu-system-aarch64 \
 +       -serial mon:stdio \
 +       -m 4G \
 +       -accel hvf \
 +       -M vmapple,uuid="$UUID" \
 ...
 +{
 +    type_register_static(&vmapple_machine_info);
 +}
 +type_init(machvmapple_machine_init);
 +
-+static void vmapple_machine_9_2_options(MachineClass *mc)
++static void vmapple_machine_10_0_options(MachineClass *mc)
 +{
 +}
-+DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_AS_LATEST(9, 2)
++DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_AS_LATEST(10, 0)
 +
 --
-.39.3 (Apple Git-145)
+.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

This patch set introduces a new ARM and macOS HVF specific machine type
called "vmapple", as well as a family of display devices based on the
ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework in macOS. One of the display adapter
variants, apple-gfx-mmio, is required for the new machine type, while
apple-gfx-pci can be used to enable 3D graphics acceleration with x86-64
macOS guest OSes.

Previous versions of this patch set were submitted semi-separately:
the original vmapple patch set by Alexander Graf included a monolithic
implementation of apple-gfx-mmio. I subsequently reviewed and reworked
the latter to support the PCI variant of the device as well and submitted
the result in isolation. As requested in subsequent review, I have now
recombined this with the original vmapple patch set, which I have updated
and improved in a few ways as well.

The vmapple machine type approximates the configuration in macOS's own
Virtualization.framework when running arm64 macOS guests. In addition to
generic components such as a GICv3 and an XHCI USB controller, it
includes nonstandard extensions to the virtio block device, a special
"hardware" aes engine, a configuration device, a pvpanic variant, a
"backdoor" interface, and of course the apple-gfx paravirtualised display
adapter.

There are currently a few limitations to this which aren't intrinsic,
just imperfect emulation of the VZF, but it's good enough to be just
about usable for some purposes:

* macOS 12 guests only. Versions 13+ currently fail during early boot.
 * macOS 11+ arm64 hosts only, with hvf accel. (Perhaps some differences
   between Apple M series CPUs and TCG's aarch64 implementation? macOS
   hosts only because ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework is a black box
   implementing most of the logic behind the apple-gfx device.)
 * PCI devices use legacy IRQs, not MSI/MSI-X. As far as I can tell,
   we'd need to include the GICv3 ITS, but it's unclear to me what
   exactly needs wiring up.
 * Due to lack of MSI(-X), event delivery from USB devices to the guest
   macOS isn't working correctly. My current conclusion is that the
   OS's XHCI driver simply was never designed to work with legacy IRQs.
   The upshot is that keyboard and mouse/tablet input is very laggy.
   The solution would be to implement MSI(-X) support or figure out how
   to make hcd-xhci-sysbus work with the macOS guest, if at all possible.
   (EHCI and UHCI/OHCI controllers are not an option as the VMAPPLE
   guest kernel does not include drivers for these.)
 * The guest OS must first be provisioned using Virtualization.framework;
   the disk images can subsequently be used in Qemu. (See docs.)

The apple-gfx device can be used independently from the vmapple machine
type, at least in the PCI variant. It mainly targets x86-64 macOS guests
from version 11 on, but also includes a UEFI bootrom for basic
framebuffer mode. macOS 11 is also required on the host side, as well
as a GPU that supports the Metal API. On the guest side, this provides
3D acceleration/GPGPU support with a baseline Metal feature set,
irrespective of the host GPU's feature set. A few limitations in the
current integration:

* Although it works fine with TCG, it does not work correctly
   cross-architecture: x86-64 guests on arm64 hosts appear to make
   some boot progress, but rendering is corrupted. I suspect
   incompatible texture memory layouts; I have no idea if this is
   fixable.
 * ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework and the guest driver support
   multi-headed configurations. The current Qemu integration always
   connects precisely 1 display.
 * State serialisation and deserialisation is currently not
   implemented, though supported in principle by the framework.
   Both apple-gfx variants thus set up a migration blocker.
 * Rendering efficiency could be better. The GPU-rendered guest
   framebuffer is copied to system memory and uses Qemu's usual
   CPU-based drawing. For maximum efficiency, the Metal texture
   containing the guest framebuffer could be drawn directly to
   a Metal view in the host window, staying on the GPU. (Similar
   to the OpenGL/virgl render path on other platforms.)

Some of my part of this work has been sponsored by Sauce Labs Inc.

---

v2 -> v3:

* Merged the apple-gfx and vmapple patchsets.
 * Squashed a bunch of later apple-gfx patches into the main one.
   (dGPU support, queried MMIO area size, host GPU picking logic.)
 * Rebased on latest upstream, fixing any breakages due to internal
   Qemu API changes.
 * apple-gfx: Switched to re-entrant MMIO. This is supported by the
   underlying framework and simplifies the MMIO forwarding code which
   was previously different on x86-64 vs aarch64.
 * vmapple: Fixes for minor bugs and comments from the last round of
   review.
 * vmapple aes, conf, apple-gfx: Switched reset methods to implement
   the ResettableClass base's interface.
 * vmapple: switched from virtio-hid to an XHCI USB controller and
   USB mouse and tablet devices. macOS does not provide drivers for
   virtio HID devices, at least not in version 12's vmapple kernel.
   So input now sort of works (interrupt issues) rather than not
   at all. Use network-based remote access to the guest OS as a
   work-around.

v3 -> v4:

* Complete rework of the mechanism for handling runloop/libdispatch
   events on the main thread. PV graphics now work with the SDL UI.
 * Renamed 'apple-gfx-vmapple' device to 'apple-gfx-mmio'
 * hw/display/apple-gfx: threading model overhaul to be more consistent,
   safer, and more QEMU-idiomatic.
 * display-modes property on the apple-gfx devices now uses the
   native array property mechanism and works on both device variants.
 * hw/vmapple/aes: Improvements to logging and error handling.
 * hw/vmapple/cfg: Bug fixes around device property default values.
 * hw/vmapple/{aes,cfg,virtio-blk/vmapple}: Most header code moved into
   .c files, only a single vmapple.h now contains the #defines for the
   vmapple machine model-specific device type names.
 * hw/block/virtio-blk: New patch for replacing virtio_blk_free_request
   with g_free. (Optional)
 * Various smaller changes following comments in v3 code review in
   apple-gfx, aes, cfg, bdif, virtio-blk-vmapple, and the vmapple
   machine type itself. See patch-specific v4 change notes for details.

v4 -> v5:

* Simplified the main thread runloop mechanism. Back to setting
	 qemu_main directly, but narrowing the scope of what it needs to do,
	 and it can now be NULL. (Meaning run the QEMU main event loop on
	 the main thread as is traditional.)
 * hw/display/apple-gfx: Further improvements to the BH based job code bridging
   the libdispatch & QEMU thread synchronisation impedance mismatch.
 * hw/display/apple-gfx: Thread safety and object lifetime improvements.
 * hw/display/apple-gfx-*: Better buffer and error handling in display mode
   property setters and getters.
 * hw/vmapple/aes: More consistent and safer logging/tracing
 * hw/vmapple/cfg: Better error reporting on overlong property strings.
 * hw/vmapple/virtio-blk: Fixed theoretically-unaligned write to config buffer.
 * vmapple machine type: Moved ecam region into machine state, improved device
   property setting error handling, improved ECID/UUID extraction script and
   docs.
 * Various smaller fixes in apple-gfx/-mmio, apple-gfx-pci, vmapple/aes,
   vmapple/cfg, vmapple/virtio-blk, and vmapple machine type.
 * Added SPDX license identifiers where they were missing.

v5 -> v6:

* 01/15 (main/Cocoa/runloop): Combined functions, fixed whitespace
 * 02/15 (apple-gfx): Further refinement of PVG threading: reduced some callback
   tasks from BHs to merely acquiring RCU read lock; replaced some libdispatch
   tasks with BHs; last remaining synchronous BH now uses emphemeral
   QemuSemaphore.
 * 02/15 (apple-gfx): Readability improvements and other smaller tweaks
   (see patch change notes for details)
 * 04/15 (display modes): Replaced use of alloca() with NSMutableArray.

v6 -> v7:

* 02/15 (apple-gfx): Use g_ptr_array_find() helper function, coding style tweak
 * 03/15 (apple-gfx-pci): Removed an unused function parameter
 * 04/15 (apple-gfx display mode property): Simplified error handling in
   property parsing.
 * 10/15 (vmapple/aes): Coding style tweaks.
 * 12/15 (vmapple/cfg): Changed error messages for overrun of properties with
   fixed-length strings to be more useful to users than developers.
 * 15/15 (vmapple machine type): Tiny error handling fix, un-inlined function

v7 -> v8:

* 02/15 (apple-gfx): Naming and type use improvements, fixes for a bug and a
   leak.
 * 04/15 (apple-gfx display mode property): Type use improvement
 * 10/15 (vmapple/aes): Guest error logging tweaks.
 * 11/15 (vmapple/bdif): Replaced uses of cpu_physical_memory_read with
   dma_memory_read, and a g_free call with g_autofree.
 * 12/15 (vmapple/cfg): Macro hygiene fix: consistently enclosing arguments in
   parens.
 * 15/15 (vmapple machine type): Use less verbose pattern for defining uuid
   property.

v8 -> v9:

* 01/16 (ui & main loop): Set qemu_main to NULL for GTK UI as well.
 * 02/16 (apple-gfx): Pass device pointer to graphic_console_init(), various
	 non-functional changes.
 * 03/16 (apple-gfx-pci): Fixup of changed common call, whitespace and comment
   formatting tweaks.
 * 04/16 (apple-gfx display modes): Re-ordered type definitions so we can drop
   a 'struct' keyword.
 * 10/16 (vmapple/aes): Replaced a use of cpu_physical_memory_write with
   dma_memory_write, minor style tweak.
 * 11/16 (vmapple/bdif): Replaced uses of cpu_physical_memory_write with
   dma_memory_write.
 * 13/16 (vmapple/virtio-blk): Correctly specify class_size for
   VMAppleVirtIOBlkClass.
 * 15/16 (vmapple machine type): Documentation improvements, fixed variable
   name and struct field used during pvpanic device creation.
 * 16/16 (NEW/RFC vmapple/virtio-blk): Proposed change to replace type hierarchy
   with a variant property. This seems cleaner and less confusing than the
   original approach to me, but I'm not sure if it warrants creation of a new
   QAPI enum and property type definition.

v9 -> v10:

* 01/15 (ui & main loop): Added comments to qemu_main declaration and GTK.
 * 02/15 (apple-gfx): Reworked the way frame rendering code is threaded to use
   BHs for sections requiring BQL.
 * 02/15 (apple-gfx): Fixed ./configure error on non-macOS platforms.
 * 10/15 (vmapple/aes): Code style and comment improvements.
 * 12/15 (vmapple/cfg): Slightly tidier error reporting for overlong property
   values.
 * 13/15 (vmapple/virtio-blk): Folded v9 patch 16/16 into this one, changing
   the device type design to provide a single device type with a variant
	 property instead of 2 different subtypes for aux and root volumes.
 * 15/15 (vmapple machine type): Documentation fixup for changed virtio-blk
   device type; small improvements to shell commands in documentation;
   improved propagation of errors during cfg device instantiation.

Alexander Graf (9):
  hw: Add vmapple subdir
  hw/misc/pvpanic: Add MMIO interface
  hvf: arm: Ignore writes to CNTP_CTL_EL0
  gpex: Allow more than 4 legacy IRQs
  hw/vmapple/aes: Introduce aes engine
  hw/vmapple/bdif: Introduce vmapple backdoor interface
  hw/vmapple/cfg: Introduce vmapple cfg region
  hw/vmapple/virtio-blk: Add support for apple virtio-blk
  hw/vmapple/vmapple: Add vmapple machine type

Phil Dennis-Jordan (6):
  ui & main loop: Redesign of system-specific main thread event handling
  hw/display/apple-gfx: Introduce ParavirtualizedGraphics.Framework
    support
  hw/display/apple-gfx: Adds PCI implementation
  hw/display/apple-gfx: Adds configurable mode list
  MAINTAINERS: Add myself as maintainer for apple-gfx, reviewer for HVF
  hw/block/virtio-blk: Replaces request free function with g_free

MAINTAINERS                         |  15 +
 contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh             |   9 +
 docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst         |  63 ++
 docs/system/target-arm.rst          |   1 +
 hw/Kconfig                          |   1 +
 hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c                   |   2 +-
 hw/arm/virt.c                       |   2 +-
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c               |  58 +-
 hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c    |   8 +
 hw/display/Kconfig                  |  13 +
 hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m         | 289 ++++++++++
 hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m          | 157 +++++
 hw/display/apple-gfx.h              |  78 +++
 hw/display/apple-gfx.m              | 862 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/display/meson.build              |   7 +
 hw/display/trace-events             |  30 +
 hw/i386/microvm.c                   |   2 +-
 hw/loongarch/virt.c                 |   2 +-
 hw/meson.build                      |   1 +
 hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c            |   2 +-
 hw/misc/Kconfig                     |   4 +
 hw/misc/meson.build                 |   1 +
 hw/misc/pvpanic-mmio.c              |  61 ++
 hw/openrisc/virt.c                  |  12 +-
 hw/pci-host/gpex.c                  |  43 +-
 hw/riscv/virt.c                     |  12 +-
 hw/vmapple/Kconfig                  |  32 ++
 hw/vmapple/aes.c                    | 581 +++++++++++++++++++
 hw/vmapple/bdif.c                   | 275 +++++++++
 hw/vmapple/cfg.c                    | 196 +++++++
 hw/vmapple/meson.build              |   5 +
 hw/vmapple/trace-events             |  21 +
 hw/vmapple/trace.h                  |   1 +
 hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c             | 205 +++++++
 hw/vmapple/vmapple.c                | 646 +++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/xtensa/virt.c                    |   2 +-
 include/hw/misc/pvpanic.h           |   1 +
 include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h          |   7 +-
 include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h            |   1 +
 include/hw/qdev-properties-system.h |   5 +
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h      |  11 +-
 include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h        |  23 +
 include/qemu-main.h                 |  21 +-
 include/qemu/cutils.h               |  15 +
 include/qemu/typedefs.h             |   1 +
 meson.build                         |   5 +
 qapi/virtio.json                    |  14 +
 system/main.c                       |  50 +-
 target/arm/hvf/hvf.c                |   9 +
 ui/cocoa.m                          |  54 +-
 ui/gtk.c                            |   8 +
 ui/sdl2.c                           |   4 +
 util/hexdump.c                      |  18 +
 53 files changed, 3840 insertions(+), 106 deletions(-)
 create mode 100755 contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh
 create mode 100644 docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx.h
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx.m
 create mode 100644 hw/misc/pvpanic-mmio.c
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/Kconfig
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/aes.c
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/bdif.c
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/cfg.c
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/meson.build
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/trace-events
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/trace.h
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/vmapple.c
 create mode 100644 include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h

-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

macOS's Cocoa event handling must be done on the initial (main) thread
of the process. Furthermore, if library or application code uses
libdispatch, the main dispatch queue must be handling events on the main
thread as well.

So far, this has affected Qemu in both the Cocoa and SDL UIs, although
in different ways: the Cocoa UI replaces the default qemu_main function
with one that spins Qemu's internal main event loop off onto a
background thread. SDL (which uses Cocoa internally) on the other hand
uses a polling approach within Qemu's main event loop. Events are
polled during the SDL UI's dpy_refresh callback, which happens to run
on the main thread by default.

As UIs are mutually exclusive, this works OK as long as nothing else
needs platform-native event handling. In the next patch, a new device is
introduced based on the ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework in macOS.
This uses libdispatch internally, and only works when events are being
handled on the main runloop. With the current system, it works when
using either the Cocoa or the SDL UI. However, it does not when running
headless. Moreover, any attempt to install a similar scheme to the
Cocoa UI's main thread replacement fails when combined with the SDL
UI.

This change tidies up main thread management to be more flexible.

* The qemu_main global function pointer is a custom function for the
   main thread, and it may now be NULL. When it is, the main thread
   runs the main Qemu loop. This represents the traditional setup.
 * When non-null, spawning the main Qemu event loop on a separate
   thread is now done centrally rather than inside the Cocoa UI code.
 * For most platforms, qemu_main is indeed NULL by default, but on
   Darwin, it defaults to a function that runs the CFRunLoop.
 * The Cocoa UI sets qemu_main to a function which runs the
   NSApplication event handling runloop, as is usual for a Cocoa app.
 * The SDL UI overrides the qemu_main function to NULL, thus
   specifying that Qemu's main loop must run on the main
   thread.
 * The GTK UI also overrides the qemu_main function to NULL.
 * For other UIs, or in the absence of UIs, the platform's default
   behaviour is followed.

This means that on macOS, the platform's runloop events are always
handled, regardless of chosen UI. The new PV graphics device will
thus work in all configurations. There is no functional change on other
operating systems.

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---

v5:

* Simplified the way of setting/clearing the main loop by going back
   to setting qemu_main directly, but narrowing the scope of what it
   needs to do, and it can now be NULL.

v6:

* Folded function qemu_run_default_main_on_new_thread's code into
   main()
 * Removed whitespace changes left over on lines near code removed
   between v4 and v5

v9:

* Set qemu_main to NULL for GTK UI as well.

v10:

* Added comments clarifying the functionality and purpose of qemu_main.

diff --git a/include/qemu-main.h b/include/qemu-main.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/qemu-main.h
+++ b/include/qemu-main.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #ifndef QEMU_MAIN_H
 #define QEMU_MAIN_H
 
-int qemu_default_main(void);
-extern int (*qemu_main)(void);
+/*
+ * The function to run on the main (initial) thread of the process.
+ * NULL means QEMU's main event loop.
+ * When non-NULL, QEMU's main event loop will run on a purposely created
+ * thread, after which the provided function pointer will be invoked on
+ * the initial thread.
+ * This is useful on platforms which treat the main thread as special
+ * (macOS/Darwin) and/or require all UI API calls to occur from a
+ * specific thread.
+ * Implementing this via a global function pointer variable is a bit
+ * ugly, but it's probably worth investigating the existing UI thread rule
+ * violations in the SDL (e.g. #2537) and GTK+ back-ends. Fixing those
+ * issues might precipitate requirements similar but not identical to those
+ * of the Cocoa UI; hopefully we'll see some kind of pattern emerge, which
+ * can then be used as a basis for an overhaul. (In fact, it may turn
+ * out to be simplest to split the UI/native platform event thread from the
+ * QEMU main event loop on all platforms, with any UI or even none at all.)
+ */
+extern qemu_main_fn qemu_main;
 
 #endif /* QEMU_MAIN_H */
diff --git a/include/qemu/typedefs.h b/include/qemu/typedefs.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/qemu/typedefs.h
+++ b/include/qemu/typedefs.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ typedef struct IRQState *qemu_irq;
  * Function types
  */
 typedef void (*qemu_irq_handler)(void *opaque, int n, int level);
+typedef int (*qemu_main_fn)(void);
 
 #endif /* QEMU_TYPEDEFS_H */
diff --git a/system/main.c b/system/main.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/system/main.c
+++ b/system/main.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "qemu-main.h"
+#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_SDL
-#include <SDL.h>
+#ifdef CONFIG_DARWIN
+#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
 #endif
 
-int qemu_default_main(void)
+static int qemu_default_main(void)
 {
     int status;
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ int qemu_default_main(void)
     return status;
 }
 
-int (*qemu_main)(void) = qemu_default_main;
+/*
+ * Various macOS system libraries, including the Cocoa UI and anything using
+ * libdispatch, such as ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework, requires that the
+ * main runloop, on the main (initial) thread be running or at least regularly
+ * polled for events. A special mode is therefore supported, where the QEMU
+ * main loop runs on a separate thread and the main thread handles the
+ * CF/Cocoa runloop.
+ */
+
+static void *call_qemu_default_main(void *opaque)
+{
+    int status;
+
+    bql_lock();
+    status = qemu_default_main();
+    bql_unlock();
+
+    exit(status);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_DARWIN
+static int os_darwin_cfrunloop_main(void)
+{
+    CFRunLoopRun();
+    abort();
+}
+
+qemu_main_fn qemu_main = os_darwin_cfrunloop_main;
+#else
+qemu_main_fn qemu_main;
+#endif
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
+    QemuThread main_loop_thread;
+
     qemu_init(argc, argv);
-    return qemu_main();
+    if (qemu_main) {
+        qemu_thread_create(&main_loop_thread, "qemu_main",
+                           call_qemu_default_main, NULL, QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED);
+        bql_unlock();
+        return qemu_main();
+    } else {
+        qemu_default_main();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/ui/cocoa.m b/ui/cocoa.m
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/ui/cocoa.m
+++ b/ui/cocoa.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
     int height;
 } QEMUScreen;
 
+@class QemuCocoaPasteboardTypeOwner;
+
 static void cocoa_update(DisplayChangeListener *dcl,
                          int x, int y, int w, int h);
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void cocoa_switch(DisplayChangeListener *dcl,
 static NSInteger cbchangecount = -1;
 static QemuClipboardInfo *cbinfo;
 static QemuEvent cbevent;
+static QemuCocoaPasteboardTypeOwner *cbowner;
 
 // Utility functions to run specified code block with the BQL held
 typedef void (^CodeBlock)(void);
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ - (void) dealloc
 {
     COCOA_DEBUG("QemuCocoaAppController: dealloc\n");
 
-    if (cocoaView)
-        [cocoaView release];
+    [cocoaView release];
+    [cbowner release];
+    cbowner = nil;
+
     [super dealloc];
 }
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ - (void)pasteboard:(NSPasteboard *)sender provideDataForType:(NSPasteboardType)t
 
 @end
 
-static QemuCocoaPasteboardTypeOwner *cbowner;
-
 static void cocoa_clipboard_notify(Notifier *notifier, void *data);
 static void cocoa_clipboard_request(QemuClipboardInfo *info,
                                     QemuClipboardType type);
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void cocoa_clipboard_request(QemuClipboardInfo *info,
     }
 }
 
-/*
- * The startup process for the OSX/Cocoa UI is complicated, because
- * OSX insists that the UI runs on the initial main thread, and so we
- * need to start a second thread which runs the qemu_default_main():
- * in main():
- *  in cocoa_display_init():
- *   assign cocoa_main to qemu_main
- *   create application, menus, etc
- *  in cocoa_main():
- *   create qemu-main thread
- *   enter OSX run loop
- */
-
-static void *call_qemu_main(void *opaque)
-{
-    int status;
-
-    COCOA_DEBUG("Second thread: calling qemu_default_main()\n");
-    bql_lock();
-    status = qemu_default_main();
-    bql_unlock();
-    COCOA_DEBUG("Second thread: qemu_default_main() returned, exiting\n");
-    [cbowner release];
-    exit(status);
-}
-
 static int cocoa_main(void)
 {
-    QemuThread thread;
-
-    COCOA_DEBUG("Entered %s()\n", __func__);
-
-    bql_unlock();
-    qemu_thread_create(&thread, "qemu_main", call_qemu_main,
-                       NULL, QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED);
-
-    // Start the main event loop
     COCOA_DEBUG("Main thread: entering OSX run loop\n");
     [NSApp run];
     COCOA_DEBUG("Main thread: left OSX run loop, which should never happen\n");
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void cocoa_display_init(DisplayState *ds, DisplayOptions *opts)
 
     COCOA_DEBUG("qemu_cocoa: cocoa_display_init\n");
 
-    qemu_main = cocoa_main;
-
     // Pull this console process up to being a fully-fledged graphical
     // app with a menubar and Dock icon
     ProcessSerialNumber psn = { 0, kCurrentProcess };
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void cocoa_display_init(DisplayState *ds, DisplayOptions *opts)
     qemu_clipboard_peer_register(&cbpeer);
 
     [pool release];
+
+    /*
+     * The Cocoa UI will run the NSApplication runloop on the main thread
+     * rather than the default Core Foundation one.
+     */
+    qemu_main = cocoa_main;
 }
 
 static QemuDisplay qemu_display_cocoa = {
diff --git a/ui/gtk.c b/ui/gtk.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/ui/gtk.c
+++ b/ui/gtk.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
+#include "qemu-main.h"
 
 #include "ui/console.h"
 #include "ui/gtk.h"
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void gtk_display_init(DisplayState *ds, DisplayOptions *opts)
 #ifdef CONFIG_GTK_CLIPBOARD
     gd_clipboard_init(s);
 #endif /* CONFIG_GTK_CLIPBOARD */
+
+    /*
+     * GTK+ calls must happen on the main thread at least on some platforms,
+     * and on macOS the main runloop is polled via GTK+'s event handling.
+     * Don't allow QEMU's event loop to be moved off the main thread.
+     */
+    qemu_main = NULL;
 }
 
 static void early_gtk_display_init(DisplayOptions *opts)
diff --git a/ui/sdl2.c b/ui/sdl2.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/ui/sdl2.c
+++ b/ui/sdl2.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
 #include "ui/win32-kbd-hook.h"
 #include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qemu-main.h"
 
 static int sdl2_num_outputs;
 static struct sdl2_console *sdl2_console;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void sdl2_display_init(DisplayState *ds, DisplayOptions *o)
     }
 
     atexit(sdl_cleanup);
+
+    /* SDL's event polling (in dpy_refresh) must happen on the main thread. */
+    qemu_main = NULL;
 }
 
 static QemuDisplay qemu_display_sdl2 = {
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

MacOS provides a framework (library) that allows any vmm to implement a
paravirtualized 3d graphics passthrough to the host metal stack called
ParavirtualizedGraphics.Framework (PVG). The library abstracts away
almost every aspect of the paravirtualized device model and only provides
and receives callbacks on MMIO access as well as to share memory address
space between the VM and PVG.

This patch implements a QEMU device that drives PVG for the VMApple
variant of it.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Co-authored-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

Subsequent changes:

* Cherry-pick/rebase conflict fixes, API use updates.
 * Moved from hw/vmapple/ (useful outside that machine type)
 * Overhaul of threading model, many thread safety improvements.
 * Asynchronous rendering.
 * Memory and object lifetime fixes.
 * Refactoring to split generic and (vmapple) MMIO variant specific
   code.

Implementation wise, most of the complexity lies in the differing threading
models of ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework, which uses libdispatch and
internal locks, versus QEMU, which heavily uses the BQL, especially during
memory-mapped device I/O. Great care has therefore been taken to prevent
deadlocks by never calling into PVG methods while holding the BQL, and
similarly never acquiring the BQL in a callback from PVG. Different strategies
have been used (libdispatch, blocking and non-blocking BHs, RCU, etc.)
depending on the specific requirements at each framework entry and exit point.

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
---

v2:

* Cherry-pick/rebase conflict fixes
 * BQL function renaming
 * Moved from hw/vmapple/ (useful outside that machine type)
 * Code review comments: Switched to DEFINE_TYPES macro & little endian
   MMIO.
 * Removed some dead/superfluous code
 * Mad set_mode thread & memory safe
 * Added migration blocker due to lack of (de-)serialisation.
 * Fixes to ObjC refcounting and autorelease pool usage.
 * Fixed ObjC new/init misuse
 * Switched to ObjC category extension for private property.
 * Simplified task memory mapping and made it thread safe.
 * Refactoring to split generic and vmapple MMIO variant specific
   code.
 * Switched to asynchronous MMIO writes on x86-64
 * Rendering and graphics update are now done asynchronously
 * Fixed cursor handling
 * Coding convention fixes
 * Removed software cursor compositing

v3:

* Rebased on latest upstream, fixed breakages including switching to Resettable methods.
 * Squashed patches dealing with dGPUs, MMIO area size, and GPU picking.
 * Allow re-entrant MMIO; this simplifies the code and solves the divergence
   between x86-64 and arm64 variants.

v4:

* Renamed '-vmapple' device variant to '-mmio'
 * MMIO device type now requires aarch64 host and guest
 * Complete overhaul of the glue code for making Qemu's and
   ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework's threading and synchronisation models
   work together. Calls into PVG are from dispatch queues while the
   BQL-holding initiating thread processes AIO context events; callbacks from
   PVG are scheduled as BHs on the BQL/main AIO context, awaiting completion
   where necessary.
 * Guest frame rendering state is covered by the BQL, with only the PVG calls
   outside the lock, and serialised on the named render_queue.
 * Simplified logic for dropping frames in-flight during mode changes, fixed
   bug in pending frames logic.
 * Addressed smaller code review notes such as: function naming, object type
   declarations, type names/declarations/casts, code formatting, #include
   order, over-cautious ObjC retain/release, what goes in init vs realize,
   etc.

v5:

* Smaller non-functional fixes in response to review comments, such as using
   NULL for the AIO_WAIT_WHILE context argument, type name formatting,
   deleting leftover debug code, logging improvements, state struct field
   order and documentation improvements, etc.
 * Instead of a single condition variable for all synchronous BH job types,
   there is now one for each callback block. This reduces the number
   of threads being awoken unnecessarily to near zero.
 * MMIO device variant: Unified the BH job for raising interrupts.
 * Use DMA APIs for PVG framework's guest memory read requests.
 * Thread safety improvements: ensure mutable AppleGFXState fields are not
   accessed outside the appropriate lock. Added dedicated mutex for the task
   list.
 * Retain references to MemoryRegions for which there exist mappings in each
   PGTask, and for IOSurface mappings.

v6:

* Switched PGTask_s's' mapped_regions from GPtrArray to GArray
 * Allow DisplaySurface to manage its own vram now that texture -> vram copy
   occurs under BQL.
 * Memory mapping operations now use RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD() where possible
   instead of a heavy-weight BH job to acquire the BQL.
 * Changed PVG cursor and mode setting callbacks to kick off BHs instead of
   libdispatch tasks which then locked the BQL explicitly.
 * The single remaining callback which must wait for a BH to complete now
   creates an ephemeral QemuSemaphore to await completion.
 * Re-removed tracking of mapped surface manager memory regions. Just look up
   and ref/unref the memory regions in the map/unmap callbacks.
 * Re-ordered functions in apple-gfx.m to group them by area of functionality.
 * Improved comments and tweaked some names.

v7:

* Use g_ptr_array_find() helper function
 * Error handling coding style tweak

v8:

* Renamed apple_gfx_host_address_for_gpa_range() to
   apple_gfx_host_ptr_for_gpa_range(), and made it return a void* instead of
   uintptr_t. Fixed up callers and related code.
 * Some adjustments to types used.
 * Variable naming tweaks for better clarity.
 * Fixed leak in unlikely realize error case.
 * Fixed typo in unmap call.
 * Don't bother with dummy argument for g_ptr_array_find(), NULL works too.

v9:

* Pass device pointer to graphic_console_init().
 * Slightly re-ordered initialisation code.
 * Simplified error handling during realize().
 * Simplified code without functional changes, adjusted code & comment
   formatting.

v10:

* Reworked the way frame rendering code is threaded to use BHs for sections
   requiring BQL.
 * Fix for ./configure error on non-macOS platforms.
 * Code formatting tweaks.

hw/display/Kconfig          |   9 +
 hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m | 281 +++++++++++++
 hw/display/apple-gfx.h      |  67 ++++
 hw/display/apple-gfx.m      | 765 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/display/meson.build      |   6 +
 hw/display/trace-events     |  28 ++
 meson.build                 |   4 +
 7 files changed, 1160 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx.h
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx.m

diff --git a/hw/display/Kconfig b/hw/display/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/display/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ config XLNX_DISPLAYPORT
 
 config DM163
     bool
+
+config MAC_PVG
+    bool
+    default y
+
+config MAC_PVG_MMIO
+    bool
+    depends on MAC_PVG && AARCH64
+
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * QEMU Apple ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework device, MMIO (arm64) variant
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ *
+ * ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework is a set of libraries that macOS provides
+ * which implements 3d graphics passthrough to the host as well as a
+ * proprietary guest communication channel to drive it. This device model
+ * implements support to drive that library from within QEMU as an MMIO-based
+ * system device for macOS on arm64 VMs.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#import <ParavirtualizedGraphics/ParavirtualizedGraphics.h>
+#include "apple-gfx.h"
+#include "monitor/monitor.h"
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "hw/irq.h"
+#include "trace.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+
+OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(AppleGFXMMIOState, APPLE_GFX_MMIO)
+
+/*
+ * ParavirtualizedGraphics.Framework only ships header files for the PCI
+ * variant which does not include IOSFC descriptors and host devices. We add
+ * their definitions here so that we can also work with the ARM version.
+ */
+typedef bool(^IOSFCRaiseInterrupt)(uint32_t vector);
+typedef bool(^IOSFCUnmapMemory)(
+    void *, void *, void *, void *, void *, void *);
+typedef bool(^IOSFCMapMemory)(
+    uint64_t phys, uint64_t len, bool ro, void **va, void *, void *);
+
+@interface PGDeviceDescriptor (IOSurfaceMapper)
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) bool usingIOSurfaceMapper;
+@end
+
+@interface PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor : NSObject
+-(PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor *)init;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy, nullable) IOSFCMapMemory mapMemory;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy, nullable) IOSFCUnmapMemory unmapMemory;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy, nullable) IOSFCRaiseInterrupt raiseInterrupt;
+@end
+
+@interface PGIOSurfaceHostDevice : NSObject
+-(instancetype)initWithDescriptor:(PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor *)desc;
+-(uint32_t)mmioReadAtOffset:(size_t)offset;
+-(void)mmioWriteAtOffset:(size_t)offset value:(uint32_t)value;
+@end
+
+struct AppleGFXMapSurfaceMemoryJob;
+struct AppleGFXMMIOState {
+    SysBusDevice parent_obj;
+
+    AppleGFXState common;
+
+    qemu_irq irq_gfx;
+    qemu_irq irq_iosfc;
+    MemoryRegion iomem_iosfc;
+    PGIOSurfaceHostDevice *pgiosfc;
+};
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXMMIOJob {
+    AppleGFXMMIOState *state;
+    uint64_t offset;
+    uint64_t value;
+    bool completed;
+} AppleGFXMMIOJob;
+
+static void iosfc_do_read(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOJob *job = opaque;
+    job->value = [job->state->pgiosfc mmioReadAtOffset:job->offset];
+    qatomic_set(&job->completed, true);
+    aio_wait_kick();
+}
+
+static uint64_t iosfc_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOJob job = {
+        .state = opaque,
+        .offset = offset,
+        .completed = false,
+    };
+    dispatch_queue_t queue =
+        dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
+
+    dispatch_async_f(queue, &job, iosfc_do_read);
+    AIO_WAIT_WHILE(NULL, !qatomic_read(&job.completed));
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_mmio_iosfc_read(offset, job.value);
+    return job.value;
+}
+
+static void iosfc_do_write(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOJob *job = opaque;
+    [job->state->pgiosfc mmioWriteAtOffset:job->offset value:job->value];
+    qatomic_set(&job->completed, true);
+    aio_wait_kick();
+}
+
+static void iosfc_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, uint64_t val,
+                        unsigned size)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOJob job = {
+        .state = opaque,
+        .offset = offset,
+        .value = val,
+        .completed = false,
+    };
+    dispatch_queue_t queue =
+        dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
+
+    dispatch_async_f(queue, &job, iosfc_do_write);
+    AIO_WAIT_WHILE(NULL, !qatomic_read(&job.completed));
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_mmio_iosfc_write(offset, val);
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps apple_iosfc_ops = {
+    .read = iosfc_read,
+    .write = iosfc_write,
+    .endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
+    .valid = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 8,
+    },
+    .impl = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 8,
+    },
+};
+
+static void raise_irq_bh(void *opaque)
+{
+    qemu_irq *irq = opaque;
+
+    qemu_irq_pulse(*irq);
+}
+
+static void *apple_gfx_mmio_map_surface_memory(uint64_t guest_physical_address,
+                                               uint64_t length, bool read_only)
+{
+    void *mem;
+    MemoryRegion *region = NULL;
+
+    RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
+    mem = apple_gfx_host_ptr_for_gpa_range(guest_physical_address,
+                                           length, read_only, &region);
+    if (mem) {
+        memory_region_ref(region);
+    }
+    return mem;
+}
+
+static bool apple_gfx_mmio_unmap_surface_memory(void *ptr)
+{
+    MemoryRegion *region;
+    ram_addr_t offset = 0;
+
+    RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
+    region = memory_region_from_host(ptr, &offset);
+    if (!region) {
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: memory at %p to be unmapped not "
+                      "found.\n",
+                      __func__, ptr);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_iosfc_unmap_memory_region(ptr, region);
+    memory_region_unref(region);
+    return true;
+}
+
+static PGIOSurfaceHostDevice *apple_gfx_prepare_iosurface_host_device(
+    AppleGFXMMIOState *s)
+{
+    PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor *iosfc_desc =
+        [PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor new];
+    PGIOSurfaceHostDevice *iosfc_host_dev = nil;
+
+    iosfc_desc.mapMemory =
+        ^bool(uint64_t phys, uint64_t len, bool ro, void **va, void *e, void *f) {
+            *va = apple_gfx_mmio_map_surface_memory(phys, len, ro);
+
+            trace_apple_gfx_iosfc_map_memory(phys, len, ro, va, e, f, *va);
+
+            return *va != NULL;
+        };
+
+    iosfc_desc.unmapMemory =
+        ^bool(void *va, void *b, void *c, void *d, void *e, void *f) {
+            return apple_gfx_mmio_unmap_surface_memory(va);
+        };
+
+    iosfc_desc.raiseInterrupt = ^bool(uint32_t vector) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_iosfc_raise_irq(vector);
+        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                raise_irq_bh, &s->irq_iosfc);
+        return true;
+    };
+
+    iosfc_host_dev =
+        [[PGIOSurfaceHostDevice alloc] initWithDescriptor:iosfc_desc];
+    [iosfc_desc release];
+    return iosfc_host_dev;
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_mmio_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    @autoreleasepool {
+        AppleGFXMMIOState *s = APPLE_GFX_MMIO(dev);
+        PGDeviceDescriptor *desc = [PGDeviceDescriptor new];
+
+        desc.raiseInterrupt = ^(uint32_t vector) {
+            trace_apple_gfx_raise_irq(vector);
+            aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                    raise_irq_bh, &s->irq_gfx);
+        };
+
+        desc.usingIOSurfaceMapper = true;
+        s->pgiosfc = apple_gfx_prepare_iosurface_host_device(s);
+
+        if (!apple_gfx_common_realize(&s->common, dev, desc, errp)) {
+            [s->pgiosfc release];
+            s->pgiosfc = nil;
+        }
+
+        [desc release];
+        desc = nil;
+    }
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_mmio_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOState *s = APPLE_GFX_MMIO(obj);
+
+    apple_gfx_common_init(obj, &s->common, TYPE_APPLE_GFX_MMIO);
+
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->common.iomem_gfx);
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem_iosfc, obj, &apple_iosfc_ops, s,
+                          TYPE_APPLE_GFX_MMIO, 0x10000);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->iomem_iosfc);
+    sysbus_init_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->irq_gfx);
+    sysbus_init_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->irq_iosfc);
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_mmio_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOState *s = APPLE_GFX_MMIO(obj);
+    [s->common.pgdev reset];
+}
+
+
+static void apple_gfx_mmio_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    rc->phases.hold = apple_gfx_mmio_reset;
+    dc->hotpluggable = false;
+    dc->realize = apple_gfx_mmio_realize;
+}
+
+static TypeInfo apple_gfx_mmio_types[] = {
+    {
+        .name          = TYPE_APPLE_GFX_MMIO,
+        .parent        = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+        .instance_size = sizeof(AppleGFXMMIOState),
+        .class_init    = apple_gfx_mmio_class_init,
+        .instance_init = apple_gfx_mmio_init,
+    }
+};
+DEFINE_TYPES(apple_gfx_mmio_types)
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx.h b/hw/display/apple-gfx.h
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * Data structures and functions shared between variants of the macOS
+ * ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework based apple-gfx display adapter.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ */
+
+#ifndef QEMU_APPLE_GFX_H
+#define QEMU_APPLE_GFX_H
+
+#define TYPE_APPLE_GFX_MMIO         "apple-gfx-mmio"
+#define TYPE_APPLE_GFX_PCI          "apple-gfx-pci"
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include <dispatch/dispatch.h>
+#import <ParavirtualizedGraphics/ParavirtualizedGraphics.h>
+#include "qemu/typedefs.h"
+#include "exec/memory.h"
+#include "ui/surface.h"
+
+@class PGDeviceDescriptor;
+@protocol PGDevice;
+@protocol PGDisplay;
+@protocol MTLDevice;
+@protocol MTLTexture;
+@protocol MTLCommandQueue;
+
+typedef QTAILQ_HEAD(, PGTask_s) PGTaskList;
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXState {
+    /* Initialised on init/realize() */
+    MemoryRegion iomem_gfx;
+    id<PGDevice> pgdev;
+    id<PGDisplay> pgdisp;
+    QemuConsole *con;
+    id<MTLDevice> mtl;
+    id<MTLCommandQueue> mtl_queue;
+    dispatch_queue_t render_queue;
+
+    /* List `tasks` is protected by task_mutex */
+    QemuMutex task_mutex;
+    PGTaskList tasks;
+
+    /* Mutable state (BQL protected) */
+    QEMUCursor *cursor;
+    DisplaySurface *surface;
+    id<MTLTexture> texture;
+    int8_t pending_frames; /* # guest frames in the rendering pipeline */
+    bool gfx_update_requested; /* QEMU display system wants a new frame */
+    bool new_frame_ready; /* Guest has rendered a frame, ready to be used */
+    bool using_managed_texture_storage;
+    uint32_t rendering_frame_width;
+    uint32_t rendering_frame_height;
+
+    /* Mutable state (atomic) */
+    bool cursor_show;
+} AppleGFXState;
+
+void apple_gfx_common_init(Object *obj, AppleGFXState *s, const char* obj_name);
+bool apple_gfx_common_realize(AppleGFXState *s, DeviceState *dev,
+                              PGDeviceDescriptor *desc, Error **errp);
+void *apple_gfx_host_ptr_for_gpa_range(uint64_t guest_physical,
+                                       uint64_t length, bool read_only,
+                                       MemoryRegion **mapping_in_region);
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx.m
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * QEMU Apple ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework device
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ *
+ * ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework is a set of libraries that macOS provides
+ * which implements 3d graphics passthrough to the host as well as a
+ * proprietary guest communication channel to drive it. This device model
+ * implements support to drive that library from within QEMU.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#import <ParavirtualizedGraphics/ParavirtualizedGraphics.h>
+#include <mach/mach_vm.h>
+#include "apple-gfx.h"
+#include "trace.h"
+#include "qemu-main.h"
+#include "exec/address-spaces.h"
+#include "migration/blocker.h"
+#include "monitor/monitor.h"
+#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
+#include "qemu/cutils.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qapi/visitor.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "sysemu/dma.h"
+#include "ui/console.h"
+
+static const PGDisplayCoord_t apple_gfx_modes[] = {
+    { .x = 1440, .y = 1080 },
+    { .x = 1280, .y = 1024 },
+};
+
+/* ------ PGTask and task operations: new/destroy/map/unmap ------ */
+
+/*
+ * This implements the type declared in <ParavirtualizedGraphics/PGDevice.h>
+ * which is opaque from the framework's point of view. It is used in callbacks
+ * in the form of its typedef PGTask_t, which also already exists in the
+ * framework headers.
+ *
+ * A "task" in PVG terminology represents a host-virtual contiguous address
+ * range which is reserved in a large chunk on task creation. The mapMemory
+ * callback then requests ranges of guest system memory (identified by their
+ * GPA) to be mapped into subranges of this reserved address space.
+ * This type of operation isn't well-supported by QEMU's memory subsystem,
+ * but it is fortunately trivial to achieve with Darwin's mach_vm_remap() call,
+ * which allows us to refer to the same backing memory via multiple virtual
+ * address ranges. The Mach VM APIs are therefore used throughout for managing
+ * task memory.
+ */
+struct PGTask_s {
+    QTAILQ_ENTRY(PGTask_s) node;
+    AppleGFXState *s;
+    mach_vm_address_t address;
+    uint64_t len;
+    /*
+     * All unique MemoryRegions for which a mapping has been created in in this
+     * task, and on which we have thus called memory_region_ref(). There are
+     * usually very few regions of system RAM in total, so we expect this array
+     * to be very short. Therefore, no need for sorting or fancy search
+     * algorithms, linear search will do.
+     * Protected by AppleGFXState's task_mutex.
+     */
+    GPtrArray *mapped_regions;
+};
+
+static Error *apple_gfx_mig_blocker;
+
+static PGTask_t *apple_gfx_new_task(AppleGFXState *s, uint64_t len)
+{
+    mach_vm_address_t task_mem;
+    PGTask_t *task;
+    kern_return_t r;
+
+    r = mach_vm_allocate(mach_task_self(), &task_mem, len, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
+    if (r != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    task = g_new0(PGTask_t, 1);
+    task->s = s;
+    task->address = task_mem;
+    task->len = len;
+    task->mapped_regions = g_ptr_array_sized_new(2 /* Usually enough */);
+
+    QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->task_mutex);
+    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&s->tasks, task, node);
+
+    return task;
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_destroy_task(AppleGFXState *s, PGTask_t *task)
+{
+    GPtrArray *regions = task->mapped_regions;
+    MemoryRegion *region;
+    size_t i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < regions->len; ++i) {
+        region = g_ptr_array_index(regions, i);
+        memory_region_unref(region);
+    }
+    g_ptr_array_unref(regions);
+
+    mach_vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), task->address, task->len);
+
+    QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->task_mutex);
+    QTAILQ_REMOVE(&s->tasks, task, node);
+    g_free(task);
+}
+
+void *apple_gfx_host_ptr_for_gpa_range(uint64_t guest_physical,
+                                       uint64_t length, bool read_only,
+                                       MemoryRegion **mapping_in_region)
+{
+    MemoryRegion *ram_region;
+    char *host_ptr;
+    hwaddr ram_region_offset = 0;
+    hwaddr ram_region_length = length;
+
+    ram_region = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory,
+                                         guest_physical,
+                                         &ram_region_offset,
+                                         &ram_region_length, !read_only,
+                                         MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
+
+    if (!ram_region || ram_region_length < length ||
+        !memory_access_is_direct(ram_region, !read_only)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    host_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(ram_region);
+    if (!host_ptr) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    host_ptr += ram_region_offset;
+    *mapping_in_region = ram_region;
+    return host_ptr;
+}
+
+static bool apple_gfx_task_map_memory(AppleGFXState *s, PGTask_t *task,
+                                      uint64_t virtual_offset,
+                                      PGPhysicalMemoryRange_t *ranges,
+                                      uint32_t range_count, bool read_only)
+{
+    kern_return_t r;
+    void *source_ptr;
+    mach_vm_address_t target;
+    vm_prot_t cur_protection, max_protection;
+    bool success = true;
+    MemoryRegion *region;
+
+    RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
+    QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->task_mutex);
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_map_memory(task, range_count, virtual_offset, read_only);
+    for (int i = 0; i < range_count; i++) {
+        PGPhysicalMemoryRange_t *range = &ranges[i];
+
+        target = task->address + virtual_offset;
+        virtual_offset += range->physicalLength;
+
+        trace_apple_gfx_map_memory_range(i, range->physicalAddress,
+                                         range->physicalLength);
+
+        region = NULL;
+        source_ptr = apple_gfx_host_ptr_for_gpa_range(range->physicalAddress,
+                                                      range->physicalLength,
+                                                      read_only, &region);
+        if (!source_ptr) {
+            success = false;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!g_ptr_array_find(task->mapped_regions, region, NULL)) {
+            g_ptr_array_add(task->mapped_regions, region);
+            memory_region_ref(region);
+        }
+
+        cur_protection = 0;
+        max_protection = 0;
+        /* Map guest RAM at range->physicalAddress into PG task memory range */
+        r = mach_vm_remap(mach_task_self(),
+                          &target, range->physicalLength, vm_page_size - 1,
+                          VM_FLAGS_FIXED | VM_FLAGS_OVERWRITE,
+                          mach_task_self(), (mach_vm_address_t)source_ptr,
+                          false /* shared mapping, no copy */,
+                          &cur_protection, &max_protection,
+                          VM_INHERIT_COPY);
+        trace_apple_gfx_remap(r, source_ptr, target);
+        g_assert(r == KERN_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    return success;
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_task_unmap_memory(AppleGFXState *s, PGTask_t *task,
+                                        uint64_t virtual_offset, uint64_t length)
+{
+    kern_return_t r;
+    mach_vm_address_t range_address;
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_unmap_memory(task, virtual_offset, length);
+
+    /*
+     * Replace task memory range with fresh 0 pages, undoing the mapping
+     * from guest RAM.
+     */
+    range_address = task->address + virtual_offset;
+    r = mach_vm_allocate(mach_task_self(), &range_address, length,
+                         VM_FLAGS_FIXED | VM_FLAGS_OVERWRITE);
+    g_assert(r == KERN_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+/* ------ Rendering and frame management ------ */
+
+static void apple_gfx_render_frame_completed_bh(void *opaque);
+
+static void apple_gfx_render_new_frame(AppleGFXState *s)
+{
+    bool managed_texture = s->using_managed_texture_storage;
+    uint32_t width = surface_width(s->surface);
+    uint32_t height = surface_height(s->surface);
+    MTLRegion region = MTLRegionMake2D(0, 0, width, height);
+    id<MTLCommandBuffer> command_buffer = [s->mtl_queue commandBuffer];
+    id<MTLTexture> texture = s->texture;
+
+    assert(bql_locked());
+    [texture retain];
+
+    s->rendering_frame_width = width;
+    s->rendering_frame_height = height;
+
+    dispatch_async(s->render_queue, ^{
+        /*
+         * This is not safe to call from the BQL due to PVG-internal locks
+         * causing deadlocks.
+         */
+        bool r = [s->pgdisp encodeCurrentFrameToCommandBuffer:command_buffer
+                                                 texture:texture
+                                                  region:region];
+        if (!r) {
+            [texture release];
+            bql_lock();
+            --s->pending_frames;
+            bql_unlock();
+            qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
+                          "%s: encodeCurrentFrameToCommandBuffer:texture:region: "
+                          "failed\n", __func__);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (managed_texture) {
+            /* "Managed" textures exist in both VRAM and RAM and must be synced. */
+            id<MTLBlitCommandEncoder> blit = [command_buffer blitCommandEncoder];
+            [blit synchronizeResource:texture];
+            [blit endEncoding];
+        }
+        [texture release];
+        [command_buffer addCompletedHandler:
+            ^(id<MTLCommandBuffer> cb)
+            {
+                aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                        apple_gfx_render_frame_completed_bh, s);
+
+            }];
+        [command_buffer commit];
+    });
+}
+
+static void copy_mtl_texture_to_surface_mem(id<MTLTexture> texture, void *vram)
+{
+    /*
+     * TODO: Skip this entirely on a pure Metal or headless/guest-only
+     * rendering path, else use a blit command encoder? Needs careful
+     * (double?) buffering design.
+     */
+    size_t width = texture.width, height = texture.height;
+    MTLRegion region = MTLRegionMake2D(0, 0, width, height);
+    [texture getBytes:vram
+          bytesPerRow:(width * 4)
+        bytesPerImage:(width * height * 4)
+           fromRegion:region
+          mipmapLevel:0
+                slice:0];
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_render_frame_completed_bh(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXState *s = opaque;
+
+    --s->pending_frames;
+    assert(s->pending_frames >= 0);
+
+    /* Only update display if mode hasn't changed since we started rendering. */
+    if (s->rendering_frame_width == surface_width(s->surface) &&
+        s->rendering_frame_height == surface_height(s->surface)) {
+        copy_mtl_texture_to_surface_mem(s->texture, surface_data(s->surface));
+        if (s->gfx_update_requested) {
+            s->gfx_update_requested = false;
+            dpy_gfx_update_full(s->con);
+            graphic_hw_update_done(s->con);
+            s->new_frame_ready = false;
+        } else {
+            s->new_frame_ready = true;
+        }
+    }
+    if (s->pending_frames > 0) {
+        apple_gfx_render_new_frame(s);
+    }
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_fb_update_display(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXState *s = opaque;
+
+    assert(bql_locked());
+    if (s->new_frame_ready) {
+        dpy_gfx_update_full(s->con);
+        s->new_frame_ready = false;
+        graphic_hw_update_done(s->con);
+    } else if (s->pending_frames > 0) {
+        s->gfx_update_requested = true;
+    } else {
+        graphic_hw_update_done(s->con);
+    }
+}
+
+static const GraphicHwOps apple_gfx_fb_ops = {
+    .gfx_update = apple_gfx_fb_update_display,
+    .gfx_update_async = true,
+};
+
+/* ------ Mouse cursor and display mode setting ------ */
+
+static void set_mode(AppleGFXState *s, uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
+{
+    MTLTextureDescriptor *textureDescriptor;
+
+    if (s->surface &&
+        width == surface_width(s->surface) &&
+        height == surface_height(s->surface)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    [s->texture release];
+
+    s->surface = qemu_create_displaysurface(width, height);
+
+    @autoreleasepool {
+        textureDescriptor =
+            [MTLTextureDescriptor
+                texture2DDescriptorWithPixelFormat:MTLPixelFormatBGRA8Unorm
+                                             width:width
+                                            height:height
+                                         mipmapped:NO];
+        textureDescriptor.usage = s->pgdisp.minimumTextureUsage;
+        s->texture = [s->mtl newTextureWithDescriptor:textureDescriptor];
+    }
+
+    s->using_managed_texture_storage =
+        (s->texture.storageMode == MTLStorageModeManaged);
+    dpy_gfx_replace_surface(s->con, s->surface);
+}
+
+static void update_cursor(AppleGFXState *s)
+{
+    assert(bql_locked());
+    dpy_mouse_set(s->con, s->pgdisp.cursorPosition.x,
+                  s->pgdisp.cursorPosition.y, qatomic_read(&s->cursor_show));
+}
+
+static void update_cursor_bh(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXState *s = opaque;
+    update_cursor(s);
+}
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXSetCursorGlyphJob {
+    AppleGFXState *s;
+    NSBitmapImageRep *glyph;
+    PGDisplayCoord_t hotspot;
+} AppleGFXSetCursorGlyphJob;
+
+static void set_cursor_glyph(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXSetCursorGlyphJob *job = opaque;
+    AppleGFXState *s = job->s;
+    NSBitmapImageRep *glyph = job->glyph;
+    uint32_t bpp = glyph.bitsPerPixel;
+    size_t width = glyph.pixelsWide;
+    size_t height = glyph.pixelsHigh;
+    size_t padding_bytes_per_row = glyph.bytesPerRow - width * 4;
+    const uint8_t* px_data = glyph.bitmapData;
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_cursor_set(bpp, width, height);
+
+    if (s->cursor) {
+        cursor_unref(s->cursor);
+        s->cursor = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (bpp == 32) { /* Shouldn't be anything else, but just to be safe...*/
+        s->cursor = cursor_alloc(width, height);
+        s->cursor->hot_x = job->hotspot.x;
+        s->cursor->hot_y = job->hotspot.y;
+
+        uint32_t *dest_px = s->cursor->data;
+
+        for (size_t y = 0; y < height; ++y) {
+            for (size_t x = 0; x < width; ++x) {
+                /*
+                 * NSBitmapImageRep's red & blue channels are swapped
+                 * compared to QEMUCursor's.
+                 */
+                *dest_px =
+                    (px_data[0] << 16u) |
+                    (px_data[1] <<  8u) |
+                    (px_data[2] <<  0u) |
+                    (px_data[3] << 24u);
+                ++dest_px;
+                px_data += 4;
+            }
+            px_data += padding_bytes_per_row;
+        }
+        dpy_cursor_define(s->con, s->cursor);
+        update_cursor(s);
+    }
+    [glyph release];
+
+    g_free(job);
+}
+
+/* ------ DMA (device reading system memory) ------ */
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXReadMemoryJob {
+    QemuSemaphore sem;
+    hwaddr physical_address;
+    uint64_t length;
+    void *dst;
+    bool success;
+} AppleGFXReadMemoryJob;
+
+static void apple_gfx_do_read_memory(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXReadMemoryJob *job = opaque;
+    MemTxResult r;
+
+    r = dma_memory_read(&address_space_memory, job->physical_address,
+                        job->dst, job->length, MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
+    job->success = r == MEMTX_OK;
+
+    qemu_sem_post(&job->sem);
+}
+
+static bool apple_gfx_read_memory(AppleGFXState *s, hwaddr physical_address,
+                                  uint64_t length, void *dst)
+{
+    AppleGFXReadMemoryJob job = {
+        .physical_address = physical_address, .length = length, .dst = dst
+    };
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_read_memory(physical_address, length, dst);
+
+    /* Performing DMA requires BQL, so do it in a BH. */
+    qemu_sem_init(&job.sem, 0);
+    aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                            apple_gfx_do_read_memory, &job);
+    qemu_sem_wait(&job.sem);
+    qemu_sem_destroy(&job.sem);
+    return job.success;
+}
+
+/* ------ Memory-mapped device I/O operations ------ */
+
+static dispatch_queue_t get_background_queue(void)
+{
+    return dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
+}
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXIOJob {
+    AppleGFXState *state;
+    uint64_t offset;
+    uint64_t value;
+    bool completed;
+} AppleGFXIOJob;
+
+static void apple_gfx_do_read(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXIOJob *job = opaque;
+    job->value = [job->state->pgdev mmioReadAtOffset:job->offset];
+    qatomic_set(&job->completed, true);
+    aio_wait_kick();
+}
+
+static uint64_t apple_gfx_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
+{
+    AppleGFXIOJob job = {
+        .state = opaque,
+        .offset = offset,
+        .completed = false,
+    };
+    dispatch_queue_t queue = get_background_queue();
+
+    dispatch_async_f(queue, &job, apple_gfx_do_read);
+    AIO_WAIT_WHILE(NULL, !qatomic_read(&job.completed));
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_read(offset, job.value);
+    return job.value;
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_do_write(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXIOJob *job = opaque;
+    [job->state->pgdev mmioWriteAtOffset:job->offset value:job->value];
+    qatomic_set(&job->completed, true);
+    aio_wait_kick();
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, uint64_t val,
+                            unsigned size)
+{
+    /*
+     * The methods mmioReadAtOffset: and especially mmioWriteAtOffset: can
+     * trigger synchronous operations on other dispatch queues, which in turn
+     * may call back out on one or more of the callback blocks. For this reason,
+     * and as we are holding the BQL, we invoke the I/O methods on a pool
+     * thread and handle AIO tasks while we wait. Any work in the callbacks
+     * requiring the BQL will in turn schedule BHs which this thread will
+     * process while waiting.
+     */
+    AppleGFXIOJob job = {
+        .state = opaque,
+        .offset = offset,
+        .value = val,
+        .completed = false,
+    };
+    dispatch_queue_t queue = get_background_queue();
+
+    dispatch_async_f(queue, &job, apple_gfx_do_write);
+    AIO_WAIT_WHILE(NULL, !qatomic_read(&job.completed));
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_write(offset, val);
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps apple_gfx_ops = {
+    .read = apple_gfx_read,
+    .write = apple_gfx_write,
+    .endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
+    .valid = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 8,
+    },
+    .impl = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 4,
+    },
+};
+
+static size_t apple_gfx_get_default_mmio_range_size(void)
+{
+    size_t mmio_range_size;
+    @autoreleasepool {
+        PGDeviceDescriptor *desc = [PGDeviceDescriptor new];
+        mmio_range_size = desc.mmioLength;
+        [desc release];
+    }
+    return mmio_range_size;
+}
+
+/* ------ Initialisation and startup ------ */
+
+void apple_gfx_common_init(Object *obj, AppleGFXState *s, const char* obj_name)
+{
+    size_t mmio_range_size = apple_gfx_get_default_mmio_range_size();
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_common_init(obj_name, mmio_range_size);
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem_gfx, obj, &apple_gfx_ops, s, obj_name,
+                          mmio_range_size);
+
+    /* TODO: PVG framework supports serialising device state: integrate it! */
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_register_task_mapping_handlers(AppleGFXState *s,
+                                                     PGDeviceDescriptor *desc)
+{
+    desc.createTask = ^(uint64_t vmSize, void * _Nullable * _Nonnull baseAddress) {
+        PGTask_t *task = apple_gfx_new_task(s, vmSize);
+        *baseAddress = (void *)task->address;
+        trace_apple_gfx_create_task(vmSize, *baseAddress);
+        return task;
+    };
+
+    desc.destroyTask = ^(PGTask_t * _Nonnull task) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_destroy_task(task, task->mapped_regions->len);
+
+        apple_gfx_destroy_task(s, task);
+    };
+
+    desc.mapMemory = ^bool(PGTask_t * _Nonnull task, uint32_t range_count,
+                           uint64_t virtual_offset, bool read_only,
+                           PGPhysicalMemoryRange_t * _Nonnull ranges) {
+        return apple_gfx_task_map_memory(s, task, virtual_offset,
+                                         ranges, range_count, read_only);
+    };
+
+    desc.unmapMemory = ^bool(PGTask_t * _Nonnull task, uint64_t virtual_offset,
+                             uint64_t length) {
+        apple_gfx_task_unmap_memory(s, task, virtual_offset, length);
+        return true;
+    };
+
+    desc.readMemory = ^bool(uint64_t physical_address, uint64_t length,
+                            void * _Nonnull dst) {
+        return apple_gfx_read_memory(s, physical_address, length, dst);
+    };
+}
+
+static void new_frame_handler_bh(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXState *s = opaque;
+
+    /* Drop frames if we get too far ahead. */
+    if (s->pending_frames >= 2) {
+        return;
+    }
+    ++s->pending_frames;
+    if (s->pending_frames > 1) {
+        return;
+    }
+    apple_gfx_render_new_frame(s);
+}
+
+static PGDisplayDescriptor *apple_gfx_prepare_display_descriptor(AppleGFXState *s)
+{
+    PGDisplayDescriptor *disp_desc = [PGDisplayDescriptor new];
+
+    disp_desc.name = @"QEMU display";
+    disp_desc.sizeInMillimeters = NSMakeSize(400., 300.); /* A 20" display */
+    disp_desc.queue = dispatch_get_main_queue();
+    disp_desc.newFrameEventHandler = ^(void) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_new_frame();
+        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(), new_frame_handler_bh, s);
+    };
+    disp_desc.modeChangeHandler = ^(PGDisplayCoord_t sizeInPixels,
+                                    OSType pixelFormat) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_mode_change(sizeInPixels.x, sizeInPixels.y);
+
+        BQL_LOCK_GUARD();
+        set_mode(s, sizeInPixels.x, sizeInPixels.y);
+    };
+    disp_desc.cursorGlyphHandler = ^(NSBitmapImageRep *glyph,
+                                     PGDisplayCoord_t hotspot) {
+        AppleGFXSetCursorGlyphJob *job = g_malloc0(sizeof(*job));
+        job->s = s;
+        job->glyph = glyph;
+        job->hotspot = hotspot;
+        [glyph retain];
+        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                set_cursor_glyph, job);
+    };
+    disp_desc.cursorShowHandler = ^(BOOL show) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_cursor_show(show);
+        qatomic_set(&s->cursor_show, show);
+        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                update_cursor_bh, s);
+    };
+    disp_desc.cursorMoveHandler = ^(void) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_cursor_move();
+        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                update_cursor_bh, s);
+    };
+
+    return disp_desc;
+}
+
+static NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array(void)
+{
+    PGDisplayMode *modes[ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes)];
+    NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* mode_array = nil;
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes); i++) {
+        modes[i] =
+            [[PGDisplayMode alloc] initWithSizeInPixels:apple_gfx_modes[i] refreshRateInHz:60.];
+    }
+
+    mode_array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:modes count:ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes)];
+
+    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes); i++) {
+        [modes[i] release];
+        modes[i] = nil;
+    }
+
+    return mode_array;
+}
+
+static id<MTLDevice> copy_suitable_metal_device(void)
+{
+    id<MTLDevice> dev = nil;
+    NSArray<id<MTLDevice>> *devs = MTLCopyAllDevices();
+
+    /* Prefer a unified memory GPU. Failing that, pick a non-removable GPU. */
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < devs.count; ++i) {
+        if (devs[i].hasUnifiedMemory) {
+            dev = devs[i];
+            break;
+        }
+        if (!devs[i].removable) {
+            dev = devs[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (dev != nil) {
+        [dev retain];
+    } else {
+        dev = MTLCreateSystemDefaultDevice();
+    }
+    [devs release];
+
+    return dev;
+}
+
+bool apple_gfx_common_realize(AppleGFXState *s, DeviceState *dev,
+                              PGDeviceDescriptor *desc, Error **errp)
+{
+    PGDisplayDescriptor *disp_desc = nil;
+
+    if (apple_gfx_mig_blocker == NULL) {
+        error_setg(&apple_gfx_mig_blocker,
+                  "Migration state blocked by apple-gfx display device");
+        if (migrate_add_blocker(&apple_gfx_mig_blocker, errp) < 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    qemu_mutex_init(&s->task_mutex);
+    QTAILQ_INIT(&s->tasks);
+    s->render_queue = dispatch_queue_create("apple-gfx.render",
+                                            DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
+    s->mtl = copy_suitable_metal_device();
+    s->mtl_queue = [s->mtl newCommandQueue];
+
+    desc.device = s->mtl;
+
+    apple_gfx_register_task_mapping_handlers(s, desc);
+
+    s->cursor_show = true;
+
+    s->pgdev = PGNewDeviceWithDescriptor(desc);
+
+    disp_desc = apple_gfx_prepare_display_descriptor(s);
+    s->pgdisp = [s->pgdev newDisplayWithDescriptor:disp_desc
+                                              port:0 serialNum:1234];
+    [disp_desc release];
+    s->pgdisp.modeList = apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array();
+
+    s->con = graphic_console_init(dev, 0, &apple_gfx_fb_ops, s);
+    return true;
+}
diff --git a/hw/display/meson.build b/hw/display/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/meson.build
+++ b/hw/display/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_ARTIST', if_true: files('artist.c'))
 
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_ATI_VGA', if_true: [files('ati.c', 'ati_2d.c', 'ati_dbg.c'), pixman])
 
+if host_os == 'darwin'
+  system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG',         if_true: [files('apple-gfx.m'), pvg, metal])
+  if cpu == 'aarch64'
+    system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG_MMIO',  if_true: [files('apple-gfx-mmio.m'), pvg, metal])
+  endif
+endif
 
 if config_all_devices.has_key('CONFIG_VIRTIO_GPU')
   virtio_gpu_ss = ss.source_set()
diff --git a/hw/display/trace-events b/hw/display/trace-events
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/trace-events
+++ b/hw/display/trace-events
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ dm163_bits_ppi(unsigned dest_width) "dest_width : %u"
 dm163_leds(int led, uint32_t value) "led %d: 0x%x"
 dm163_channels(int channel, uint8_t value) "channel %d: 0x%x"
 dm163_refresh_rate(uint32_t rr) "refresh rate %d"
+
+# apple-gfx.m
+apple_gfx_read(uint64_t offset, uint64_t res) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" res=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_write(uint64_t offset, uint64_t val) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" val=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_create_task(uint32_t vm_size, void *va) "vm_size=0x%x base_addr=%p"
+apple_gfx_destroy_task(void *task, unsigned int num_mapped_regions) "task=%p, task->mapped_regions->len=%u"
+apple_gfx_map_memory(void *task, uint32_t range_count, uint64_t virtual_offset, uint32_t read_only) "task=%p range_count=0x%x virtual_offset=0x%"PRIx64" read_only=%d"
+apple_gfx_map_memory_range(uint32_t i, uint64_t phys_addr, uint64_t phys_len) "[%d] phys_addr=0x%"PRIx64" phys_len=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_remap(uint64_t retval, void *source_ptr, uint64_t target) "retval=%"PRId64" source=%p target=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_unmap_memory(void *task, uint64_t virtual_offset, uint64_t length) "task=%p virtual_offset=0x%"PRIx64" length=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_read_memory(uint64_t phys_address, uint64_t length, void *dst) "phys_addr=0x%"PRIx64" length=0x%"PRIx64" dest=%p"
+apple_gfx_raise_irq(uint32_t vector) "vector=0x%x"
+apple_gfx_new_frame(void) ""
+apple_gfx_mode_change(uint64_t x, uint64_t y) "x=%"PRId64" y=%"PRId64
+apple_gfx_cursor_set(uint32_t bpp, uint64_t width, uint64_t height) "bpp=%d width=%"PRId64" height=0x%"PRId64
+apple_gfx_cursor_show(uint32_t show) "show=%d"
+apple_gfx_cursor_move(void) ""
+apple_gfx_common_init(const char *device_name, size_t mmio_size) "device: %s; MMIO size: %zu bytes"
+
+# apple-gfx-mmio.m
+apple_gfx_mmio_iosfc_read(uint64_t offset, uint64_t res) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" res=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_mmio_iosfc_write(uint64_t offset, uint64_t val) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" val=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_iosfc_map_memory(uint64_t phys, uint64_t len, uint32_t ro, void *va, void *e, void *f, void* va_result) "phys=0x%"PRIx64" len=0x%"PRIx64" ro=%d va=%p e=%p f=%p -> *va=%p"
+apple_gfx_iosfc_map_memory_new_region(size_t i, void *region, uint64_t start, uint64_t end) "index=%zu, region=%p, 0x%"PRIx64"-0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_iosfc_unmap_memory(void *a, void *b, void *c, void *d, void *e, void *f) "a=%p b=%p c=%p d=%p e=%p f=%p"
+apple_gfx_iosfc_unmap_memory_region(void* mem, void *region) "unmapping @ %p from memory region %p"
+apple_gfx_iosfc_raise_irq(uint32_t vector) "vector=0x%x"
+
diff --git a/meson.build b/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/meson.build
+++ b/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ socket = []
 version_res = []
 coref = []
 iokit = []
+pvg = not_found
+metal = []
 emulator_link_args = []
 midl = not_found
 widl = not_found
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ elif host_os == 'darwin'
   coref = dependency('appleframeworks', modules: 'CoreFoundation')
   iokit = dependency('appleframeworks', modules: 'IOKit', required: false)
   host_dsosuf = '.dylib'
+  pvg = dependency('appleframeworks', modules: 'ParavirtualizedGraphics')
+  metal = dependency('appleframeworks', modules: 'Metal')
 elif host_os == 'sunos'
   socket = [cc.find_library('socket'),
             cc.find_library('nsl'),
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

This change wires up the PCI variant of the paravirtualised
graphics device, mainly useful for x86-64 macOS guests, implemented
by macOS's ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework. It builds on code
shared with the vmapple/mmio variant of the PVG device.

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
---

v4:

* Threading improvements analogous to those in common apple-gfx code
   and mmio device variant.
 * Smaller code review issues addressed.

v5:

* Minor error handling improvement.

v6:

* Removed an unused function parameter.

v9:

* Fixup of changed common call.
 * Whitespace and comment formatting tweaks.

hw/display/Kconfig         |   4 +
 hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m | 150 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/display/meson.build     |   1 +
 3 files changed, 155 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m

diff --git a/hw/display/Kconfig b/hw/display/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/display/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ config MAC_PVG_MMIO
     bool
     depends on MAC_PVG && AARCH64
 
+config MAC_PVG_PCI
+    bool
+    depends on MAC_PVG && PCI
+    default y if PCI_DEVICES
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * QEMU Apple ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework device, PCI variant
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023-2024 Phil Dennis-Jordan
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ *
+ * ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework is a set of libraries that macOS provides
+ * which implements 3d graphics passthrough to the host as well as a
+ * proprietary guest communication channel to drive it. This device model
+ * implements support to drive that library from within QEMU as a PCI device
+ * aimed primarily at x86-64 macOS VMs.
+ */
+
+#include "apple-gfx.h"
+#include "hw/pci/pci_device.h"
+#include "hw/pci/msi.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "trace.h"
+#import <ParavirtualizedGraphics/ParavirtualizedGraphics.h>
+
+OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(AppleGFXPCIState, APPLE_GFX_PCI)
+
+struct AppleGFXPCIState {
+    PCIDevice parent_obj;
+
+    AppleGFXState common;
+};
+
+static const char* apple_gfx_pci_option_rom_path = NULL;
+
+static void apple_gfx_init_option_rom_path(void)
+{
+    NSURL *option_rom_url = PGCopyOptionROMURL();
+    const char *option_rom_path = option_rom_url.fileSystemRepresentation;
+    apple_gfx_pci_option_rom_path = g_strdup(option_rom_path);
+    [option_rom_url release];
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    AppleGFXPCIState *s = APPLE_GFX_PCI(obj);
+
+    if (!apple_gfx_pci_option_rom_path) {
+        /*
+         * The following is done on device not class init to avoid running
+         * ObjC code before fork() in -daemonize mode.
+         */
+        PCIDeviceClass *pci = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(object_get_class(obj));
+        apple_gfx_init_option_rom_path();
+        pci->romfile = apple_gfx_pci_option_rom_path;
+    }
+
+    apple_gfx_common_init(obj, &s->common, TYPE_APPLE_GFX_PCI);
+}
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXPCIInterruptJob {
+    PCIDevice *device;
+    uint32_t vector;
+} AppleGFXPCIInterruptJob;
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_raise_interrupt(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXPCIInterruptJob *job = opaque;
+
+    if (msi_enabled(job->device)) {
+        msi_notify(job->device, job->vector);
+    }
+    g_free(job);
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_interrupt(PCIDevice *dev, uint32_t vector)
+{
+    AppleGFXPCIInterruptJob *job;
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_raise_irq(vector);
+    job = g_malloc0(sizeof(*job));
+    job->device = dev;
+    job->vector = vector;
+    aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                            apple_gfx_pci_raise_interrupt, job);
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_realize(PCIDevice *dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    AppleGFXPCIState *s = APPLE_GFX_PCI(dev);
+    int ret;
+
+    pci_register_bar(dev, PG_PCI_BAR_MMIO,
+                     PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY, &s->common.iomem_gfx);
+
+    ret = msi_init(dev, 0x0 /* config offset; 0 = find space */,
+                   PG_PCI_MAX_MSI_VECTORS, true /* msi64bit */,
+                   false /* msi_per_vector_mask */, errp);
+    if (ret != 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    @autoreleasepool {
+        PGDeviceDescriptor *desc = [PGDeviceDescriptor new];
+        desc.raiseInterrupt = ^(uint32_t vector) {
+            apple_gfx_pci_interrupt(dev, vector);
+        };
+
+        apple_gfx_common_realize(&s->common, DEVICE(dev), desc, errp);
+        [desc release];
+        desc = nil;
+    }
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
+{
+    AppleGFXPCIState *s = APPLE_GFX_PCI(obj);
+    [s->common.pgdev reset];
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    PCIDeviceClass *pci = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    rc->phases.hold = apple_gfx_pci_reset;
+    dc->desc = "macOS Paravirtualized Graphics PCI Display Controller";
+    dc->hotpluggable = false;
+    set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_DISPLAY, dc->categories);
+
+    pci->vendor_id = PG_PCI_VENDOR_ID;
+    pci->device_id = PG_PCI_DEVICE_ID;
+    pci->class_id = PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER;
+    pci->realize = apple_gfx_pci_realize;
+
+    // TODO: Property for setting mode list
+}
+
+static TypeInfo apple_gfx_pci_types[] = {
+    {
+        .name          = TYPE_APPLE_GFX_PCI,
+        .parent        = TYPE_PCI_DEVICE,
+        .instance_size = sizeof(AppleGFXPCIState),
+        .class_init    = apple_gfx_pci_class_init,
+        .instance_init = apple_gfx_pci_init,
+        .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
+            { INTERFACE_PCIE_DEVICE },
+            { },
+        },
+    }
+};
+DEFINE_TYPES(apple_gfx_pci_types)
+
diff --git a/hw/display/meson.build b/hw/display/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/meson.build
+++ b/hw/display/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_ATI_VGA', if_true: [files('ati.c', 'ati_2d.c', 'ati_
 
 if host_os == 'darwin'
   system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG',         if_true: [files('apple-gfx.m'), pvg, metal])
+  system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG_PCI',     if_true: [files('apple-gfx-pci.m'), pvg, metal])
   if cpu == 'aarch64'
     system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG_MMIO',  if_true: [files('apple-gfx-mmio.m'), pvg, metal])
   endif
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

This change adds a property 'display_modes' on the graphics device
which permits specifying a list of display modes. (screen resolution
and refresh rate)

The property is an array of a custom type to make the syntax slightly
less awkward to use, for example:

-device '{"driver":"apple-gfx-pci", "display-modes":["1920x1080@60", "3840x2160@60"]}'

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---

v4:

* Switched to the native array property type, which recently gained
	 command line support.
 * The property has also been added to the -mmio variant.
 * Tidied up the code a little.

v5:

* Better error handling and buffer management in property parsing and
   output.

v6:

* Switched to using NSMutableArray for the mode list to avoid need for
   allocating a temporary array - previously done with alloca.

v7:

* Simplified error handling in property parsing

v8:

* More consistent integer variable types.

v9:

* Re-ordered type definitions so we can drop a 'struct' keyword.

diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void apple_gfx_mmio_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
     [s->common.pgdev reset];
 }
 
+static Property apple_gfx_mmio_properties[] = {
+    DEFINE_PROP_ARRAY("display-modes", AppleGFXMMIOState,
+                      common.num_display_modes, common.display_modes,
+                      qdev_prop_display_mode, AppleGFXDisplayMode),
+    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
+};
 
 static void apple_gfx_mmio_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void apple_gfx_mmio_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     rc->phases.hold = apple_gfx_mmio_reset;
     dc->hotpluggable = false;
     dc->realize = apple_gfx_mmio_realize;
+
+    device_class_set_props(dc, apple_gfx_mmio_properties);
 }
 
 static TypeInfo apple_gfx_mmio_types[] = {
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void apple_gfx_pci_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
     [s->common.pgdev reset];
 }
 
+static Property apple_gfx_pci_properties[] = {
+    DEFINE_PROP_ARRAY("display-modes", AppleGFXPCIState,
+                      common.num_display_modes, common.display_modes,
+                      qdev_prop_display_mode, AppleGFXDisplayMode),
+    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
+};
+
 static void apple_gfx_pci_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void apple_gfx_pci_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     pci->class_id = PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER;
     pci->realize = apple_gfx_pci_realize;
 
-    // TODO: Property for setting mode list
+    device_class_set_props(dc, apple_gfx_pci_properties);
 }
 
 static TypeInfo apple_gfx_pci_types[] = {
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx.h b/hw/display/apple-gfx.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/apple-gfx.h
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #import <ParavirtualizedGraphics/ParavirtualizedGraphics.h>
 #include "qemu/typedefs.h"
 #include "exec/memory.h"
+#include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
 #include "ui/surface.h"
 
 @class PGDeviceDescriptor;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 
 typedef QTAILQ_HEAD(, PGTask_s) PGTaskList;
 
+typedef struct AppleGFXDisplayMode {
+    uint16_t width_px;
+    uint16_t height_px;
+    uint16_t refresh_rate_hz;
+} AppleGFXDisplayMode;
+
 typedef struct AppleGFXState {
     /* Initialised on init/realize() */
     MemoryRegion iomem_gfx;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ typedef struct AppleGFXState {
     id<MTLDevice> mtl;
     id<MTLCommandQueue> mtl_queue;
     dispatch_queue_t render_queue;
+    AppleGFXDisplayMode *display_modes;
+    uint32_t num_display_modes;
 
     /* List `tasks` is protected by task_mutex */
     QemuMutex task_mutex;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ void *apple_gfx_host_ptr_for_gpa_range(uint64_t guest_physical,
                                        uint64_t length, bool read_only,
                                        MemoryRegion **mapping_in_region);
 
+extern const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_display_mode;
+
 #endif
 
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx.m
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/apple-gfx.m
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #include "sysemu/dma.h"
 #include "ui/console.h"
 
-static const PGDisplayCoord_t apple_gfx_modes[] = {
-    { .x = 1440, .y = 1080 },
-    { .x = 1280, .y = 1024 },
+static const AppleGFXDisplayMode apple_gfx_default_modes[] = {
+    { 1920, 1080, 60 },
+    { 1440, 1080, 60 },
+    { 1280, 1024, 60 },
 };
 
 /* ------ PGTask and task operations: new/destroy/map/unmap ------ */
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void new_frame_handler_bh(void *opaque)
     return disp_desc;
 }
 
-static NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array(void)
+static NSArray<PGDisplayMode *> *apple_gfx_create_display_mode_array(
+    const AppleGFXDisplayMode display_modes[], uint32_t display_mode_count)
 {
-    PGDisplayMode *modes[ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes)];
-    NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* mode_array = nil;
-    int i;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes); i++) {
-        modes[i] =
-            [[PGDisplayMode alloc] initWithSizeInPixels:apple_gfx_modes[i] refreshRateInHz:60.];
-    }
-
-    mode_array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:modes count:ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes)];
-
-    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes); i++) {
-        [modes[i] release];
-        modes[i] = nil;
+    uint32_t i;
+    PGDisplayMode *mode_obj;
+    NSMutableArray<PGDisplayMode *> *mode_array =
+        [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithCapacity:display_mode_count];
+
+    for (i = 0; i < display_mode_count; i++) {
+        const AppleGFXDisplayMode *mode = &display_modes[i];
+        trace_apple_gfx_display_mode(i, mode->width_px, mode->height_px);
+        PGDisplayCoord_t mode_size = { mode->width_px, mode->height_px };
+
+        mode_obj =
+            [[PGDisplayMode alloc] initWithSizeInPixels:mode_size
+                                        refreshRateInHz:mode->refresh_rate_hz];
+        [mode_array addObject:mode_obj];
+        [mode_obj release];
     }
 
     return mode_array;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ bool apple_gfx_common_realize(AppleGFXState *s, DeviceState *dev,
                               PGDeviceDescriptor *desc, Error **errp)
 {
     PGDisplayDescriptor *disp_desc = nil;
+    const AppleGFXDisplayMode *display_modes = apple_gfx_default_modes;
+    uint32_t num_display_modes = ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_default_modes);
+    NSArray<PGDisplayMode *> *mode_array;
 
     if (apple_gfx_mig_blocker == NULL) {
         error_setg(&apple_gfx_mig_blocker,
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ bool apple_gfx_common_realize(AppleGFXState *s, DeviceState *dev,
     s->pgdisp = [s->pgdev newDisplayWithDescriptor:disp_desc
                                               port:0 serialNum:1234];
     [disp_desc release];
-    s->pgdisp.modeList = apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array();
+
+    if (s->display_modes != NULL && s->num_display_modes > 0) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_common_realize_modes_property(s->num_display_modes);
+        display_modes = s->display_modes;
+        num_display_modes = s->num_display_modes;
+    }
+    s->pgdisp.modeList = mode_array =
+        apple_gfx_create_display_mode_array(display_modes, num_display_modes);
+    [mode_array release];
 
     s->con = graphic_console_init(dev, 0, &apple_gfx_fb_ops, s);
     return true;
 }
+
+/* ------ Display mode list device property ------ */
+
+static void apple_gfx_get_display_mode(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
+                                       const char *name, void *opaque,
+                                       Error **errp)
+{
+    Property *prop = opaque;
+    AppleGFXDisplayMode *mode = object_field_prop_ptr(obj, prop);
+    /* 3 uint16s (max 5 digits) + 2 separator characters + nul. */
+    char buffer[5 * 3 + 2 + 1];
+    char *pos = buffer;
+
+    int rc = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
+                      "%"PRIu16"x%"PRIu16"@%"PRIu16,
+                      mode->width_px, mode->height_px,
+                      mode->refresh_rate_hz);
+    assert(rc < sizeof(buffer));
+
+    visit_type_str(v, name, &pos, errp);
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_set_display_mode(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
+                                       const char *name, void *opaque,
+                                       Error **errp)
+{
+    Property *prop = opaque;
+    AppleGFXDisplayMode *mode = object_field_prop_ptr(obj, prop);
+    const char *endptr;
+    g_autofree char *str = NULL;
+    int ret;
+    int val;
+
+    if (!visit_type_str(v, name, &str, errp)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    endptr = str;
+
+    ret = qemu_strtoi(endptr, &endptr, 10, &val);
+    if (ret || val > UINT16_MAX || val <= 0) {
+        error_setg(errp, "width in '%s' must be a decimal integer number "
+                   "of pixels in the range 1..65535", name);
+        return;
+    }
+    mode->width_px = val;
+    if (*endptr != 'x') {
+        goto separator_error;
+    }
+
+    ret = qemu_strtoi(endptr + 1, &endptr, 10, &val);
+    if (ret || val > UINT16_MAX || val <= 0) {
+        error_setg(errp, "height in '%s' must be a decimal integer number "
+                   "of pixels in the range 1..65535", name);
+        return;
+    }
+    mode->height_px = val;
+    if (*endptr != '@') {
+        goto separator_error;
+    }
+
+    ret = qemu_strtoi(endptr + 1, &endptr, 10, &val);
+    if (ret || val > UINT16_MAX || val <= 0) {
+        error_setg(errp, "refresh rate in '%s'"
+                   " must be a positive decimal integer (Hertz)", name);
+        return;
+    }
+    mode->refresh_rate_hz = val;
+    return;
+
+separator_error:
+    error_setg(errp, "Each display mode takes the format "
+               "'<width>x<height>@<rate>'");
+}
+
+const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_display_mode = {
+    .name  = "display_mode",
+    .description =
+        "Display mode in pixels and Hertz, as <width>x<height>@<refresh-rate> "
+        "Example: 3840x2160@60",
+    .get   = apple_gfx_get_display_mode,
+    .set   = apple_gfx_set_display_mode,
+};
diff --git a/hw/display/trace-events b/hw/display/trace-events
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/trace-events
+++ b/hw/display/trace-events
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ apple_gfx_cursor_set(uint32_t bpp, uint64_t width, uint64_t height) "bpp=%d widt
 apple_gfx_cursor_show(uint32_t show) "show=%d"
 apple_gfx_cursor_move(void) ""
 apple_gfx_common_init(const char *device_name, size_t mmio_size) "device: %s; MMIO size: %zu bytes"
+apple_gfx_common_realize_modes_property(uint32_t num_modes) "using %u modes supplied by 'display-modes' device property"
+apple_gfx_display_mode(uint32_t mode_idx, uint16_t width_px, uint16_t height_px) "mode %2"PRIu32": %4"PRIu16"x%4"PRIu16
 
 # apple-gfx-mmio.m
 apple_gfx_mmio_iosfc_read(uint64_t offset, uint64_t res) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" res=0x%"PRIx64
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

I'm happy to take responsibility for the macOS PV graphics code. As
HVF patches don't seem to get much attention at the moment, I'm also
adding myself as designated reviewer for HVF and x86 HVF to try and
improve that.

I anticipate that the resulting workload should be covered by the
funding I'm receiving for improving Qemu in combination with macOS. As
of right now this runs out at the end of 2024; I expect the workload on
apple-gfx should be relatively minor and manageable in my spare time
beyond that. I may have to remove myself from more general HVF duties
once the contract runs out if it's more than I can manage.

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Roman Bolshakov <rbolshakov@ddn.com>
---
 MAINTAINERS | 7 +++++++
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)

diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ F: target/arm/hvf/
 X86 HVF CPUs
 M: Cameron Esfahani <dirty@apple.com>
 M: Roman Bolshakov <rbolshakov@ddn.com>
+R: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 W: https://wiki.qemu.org/Features/HVF
 S: Maintained
 F: target/i386/hvf/
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ F: target/i386/hvf/
 HVF
 M: Cameron Esfahani <dirty@apple.com>
 M: Roman Bolshakov <rbolshakov@ddn.com>
+R: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 W: https://wiki.qemu.org/Features/HVF
 S: Maintained
 F: accel/hvf/
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ F: hw/display/edid*
 F: include/hw/display/edid.h
 F: qemu-edid.c
 
+macOS PV Graphics (apple-gfx)
+M: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
+S: Maintained
+F: hw/display/apple-gfx*
+
 PIIX4 South Bridge (i82371AB)
 M: Hervé Poussineau <hpoussin@reactos.org>
 M: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

We will introduce a number of devices that are specific to the vmapple
target machine. To keep them all tidily together, let's put them into
a single target directory.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---
 MAINTAINERS             | 7 +++++++
 hw/Kconfig              | 1 +
 hw/meson.build          | 1 +
 hw/vmapple/Kconfig      | 1 +
 hw/vmapple/meson.build  | 0
 hw/vmapple/trace-events | 2 ++
 hw/vmapple/trace.h      | 1 +
 meson.build             | 1 +
 8 files changed, 14 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/Kconfig
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/meson.build
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/trace-events
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/trace.h

diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ F: hw/hyperv/hv-balloon*.h
 F: include/hw/hyperv/dynmem-proto.h
 F: include/hw/hyperv/hv-balloon.h
 
+VMapple
+M: Alexander Graf <agraf@csgraf.de>
+R: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
+S: Maintained
+F: hw/vmapple/*
+F: include/hw/vmapple/*
+
 Subsystems
 ----------
 Overall Audio backends
diff --git a/hw/Kconfig b/hw/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ source ufs/Kconfig
 source usb/Kconfig
 source virtio/Kconfig
 source vfio/Kconfig
+source vmapple/Kconfig
 source xen/Kconfig
 source watchdog/Kconfig
 
diff --git a/hw/meson.build b/hw/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/meson.build
+++ b/hw/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ subdir('ufs')
 subdir('usb')
 subdir('vfio')
 subdir('virtio')
+subdir('vmapple')
 subdir('watchdog')
 subdir('xen')
 subdir('xenpv')
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/meson.build b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/trace-events b/hw/vmapple/trace-events
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/vmapple/trace-events
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+# See docs/devel/tracing.rst for syntax documentation.
+
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/trace.h b/hw/vmapple/trace.h
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/vmapple/trace.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "trace/trace-hw_vmapple.h"
diff --git a/meson.build b/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/meson.build
+++ b/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ if have_system
     'hw/usb',
     'hw/vfio',
     'hw/virtio',
+    'hw/vmapple',
     'hw/watchdog',
     'hw/xen',
     'hw/gpio',
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

In addition to the ISA and PCI variants of pvpanic, let's add an MMIO
platform device that we can use in embedded arm environments.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---

v3:
 * Rebased on upstream, updated a header path

hw/misc/Kconfig           |  4 +++
 hw/misc/meson.build       |  1 +
 hw/misc/pvpanic-mmio.c    | 61 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/hw/misc/pvpanic.h |  1 +
 4 files changed, 67 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 hw/misc/pvpanic-mmio.c

diff --git a/hw/misc/Kconfig b/hw/misc/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/misc/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/misc/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ config PVPANIC_ISA
     depends on ISA_BUS
     select PVPANIC_COMMON
 
+config PVPANIC_MMIO
+    bool
+    select PVPANIC_COMMON
+
 config AUX
     bool
     select I2C
diff --git a/hw/misc/meson.build b/hw/misc/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/misc/meson.build
+++ b/hw/misc/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_ARMSSE_MHU', if_true: files('armsse-mhu.c'))
 
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_PVPANIC_ISA', if_true: files('pvpanic-isa.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_PVPANIC_PCI', if_true: files('pvpanic-pci.c'))
+system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_PVPANIC_MMIO', if_true: files('pvpanic-mmio.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_AUX', if_true: files('auxbus.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_ASPEED_SOC', if_true: files(
   'aspeed_hace.c',
diff --git a/hw/misc/pvpanic-mmio.c b/hw/misc/pvpanic-mmio.c
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/misc/pvpanic-mmio.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * QEMU simulated pvpanic device (MMIO frontend)
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+
+#include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
+#include "hw/misc/pvpanic.h"
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "standard-headers/misc/pvpanic.h"
+
+OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(PVPanicMMIOState, PVPANIC_MMIO_DEVICE)
+
+#define PVPANIC_MMIO_SIZE 0x2
+
+struct PVPanicMMIOState {
+    SysBusDevice parent_obj;
+
+    PVPanicState pvpanic;
+};
+
+static void pvpanic_mmio_initfn(Object *obj)
+{
+    PVPanicMMIOState *s = PVPANIC_MMIO_DEVICE(obj);
+
+    pvpanic_setup_io(&s->pvpanic, DEVICE(s), PVPANIC_MMIO_SIZE);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj), &s->pvpanic.mr);
+}
+
+static Property pvpanic_mmio_properties[] = {
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("events", PVPanicMMIOState, pvpanic.events,
+                      PVPANIC_PANICKED | PVPANIC_CRASH_LOADED),
+    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
+};
+
+static void pvpanic_mmio_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    device_class_set_props(dc, pvpanic_mmio_properties);
+    set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_MISC, dc->categories);
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo pvpanic_mmio_info = {
+    .name          = TYPE_PVPANIC_MMIO_DEVICE,
+    .parent        = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(PVPanicMMIOState),
+    .instance_init = pvpanic_mmio_initfn,
+    .class_init    = pvpanic_mmio_class_init,
+};
+
+static void pvpanic_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&pvpanic_mmio_info);
+}
+
+type_init(pvpanic_register_types)
diff --git a/include/hw/misc/pvpanic.h b/include/hw/misc/pvpanic.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/hw/misc/pvpanic.h
+++ b/include/hw/misc/pvpanic.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 
 #define TYPE_PVPANIC_ISA_DEVICE "pvpanic"
 #define TYPE_PVPANIC_PCI_DEVICE "pvpanic-pci"
+#define TYPE_PVPANIC_MMIO_DEVICE "pvpanic-mmio"
 
 #define PVPANIC_IOPORT_PROP "ioport"
 
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

MacOS unconditionally disables interrupts of the physical timer on boot
and then continues to use the virtual one. We don't really want to support
a full physical timer emulation, so let's just ignore those writes.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---
 target/arm/hvf/hvf.c | 9 +++++++++
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+)

diff --git a/target/arm/hvf/hvf.c b/target/arm/hvf/hvf.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/target/arm/hvf/hvf.c
+++ b/target/arm/hvf/hvf.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
 
 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
 #include "sysemu/hvf.h"
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ void hvf_arm_init_debug(void)
 #define SYSREG_OSLSR_EL1      SYSREG(2, 0, 1, 1, 4)
 #define SYSREG_OSDLR_EL1      SYSREG(2, 0, 1, 3, 4)
 #define SYSREG_CNTPCT_EL0     SYSREG(3, 3, 14, 0, 1)
+#define SYSREG_CNTP_CTL_EL0   SYSREG(3, 3, 14, 2, 1)
 #define SYSREG_PMCR_EL0       SYSREG(3, 3, 9, 12, 0)
 #define SYSREG_PMUSERENR_EL0  SYSREG(3, 3, 9, 14, 0)
 #define SYSREG_PMCNTENSET_EL0 SYSREG(3, 3, 9, 12, 1)
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static int hvf_sysreg_write(CPUState *cpu, uint32_t reg, uint64_t val)
     case SYSREG_OSLAR_EL1:
         env->cp15.oslsr_el1 = val & 1;
         return 0;
+    case SYSREG_CNTP_CTL_EL0:
+        /*
+         * Guests should not rely on the physical counter, but macOS emits
+         * disable writes to it. Let it do so, but ignore the requests.
+         */
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP, "Unsupported write to CNTP_CTL_EL0\n");
+        return 0;
     case SYSREG_OSDLR_EL1:
         /* Dummy register */
         return 0;
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

Some boards such as vmapple don't do real legacy PCI IRQ swizzling.
Instead, they just keep allocating more board IRQ lines for each new
legacy IRQ. Let's support that mode by giving instantiators a new
"nr_irqs" property they can use to support more than 4 legacy IRQ lines.
In this mode, GPEX will export more IRQ lines, one for each device.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---

v4:

* Turned pair of IRQ arrays into array of structs.
 * Simplified swizzling logic selection.

diff --git a/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c b/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
+++ b/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie(SBSAMachineState *sms)
     /* Map IO port space */
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, base_pio);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
                            qdev_get_gpio_in(sms->gic, irq + i));
         gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(dev), i, irq + i);
diff --git a/hw/arm/virt.c b/hw/arm/virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/arm/virt.c
+++ b/hw/arm/virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie(VirtMachineState *vms)
     /* Map IO port space */
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, base_pio);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
                            qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq + i));
         gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(dev), i, irq + i);
diff --git a/hw/i386/microvm.c b/hw/i386/microvm.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/i386/microvm.c
+++ b/hw/i386/microvm.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_gpex(MicrovmMachineState *mms)
                                     mms->gpex.mmio64.base, mmio64_alias);
     }
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
                            x86ms->gsi[mms->gpex.irq + i]);
     }
diff --git a/hw/loongarch/virt.c b/hw/loongarch/virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/loongarch/virt.c
+++ b/hw/loongarch/virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void virt_devices_init(DeviceState *pch_pic,
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), VIRT_PCI_IO_BASE,
                                 pio_alias);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(d, i,
                            qdev_get_gpio_in(pch_pic, 16 + i));
         gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(gpex_dev), i, 16 + i);
diff --git a/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c b/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
+++ b/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static inline void loongson3_virt_devices_init(MachineState *machine,
                                 virt_memmap[VIRT_PCIE_PIO].base, s->pio_alias);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, virt_memmap[VIRT_PCIE_PIO].base);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(pic, PCIE_IRQ_BASE + i);
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, irq);
         gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(dev), i, PCIE_IRQ_BASE + i);
diff --git a/hw/openrisc/virt.c b/hw/openrisc/virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/openrisc/virt.c
+++ b/hw/openrisc/virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(void *fdt, char *nodename, int irq_base,
 {
     int pin, dev;
     uint32_t irq_map_stride = 0;
-    uint32_t full_irq_map[GPEX_NUM_IRQS * GPEX_NUM_IRQS * 6] = {};
+    uint32_t full_irq_map[PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS * 6] = {};
     uint32_t *irq_map = full_irq_map;
 
     /*
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(void *fdt, char *nodename, int irq_base,
      * possible slot) seeing the interrupt-map-mask will allow the table
      * to wrap to any number of devices.
      */
-    for (dev = 0; dev < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; dev++) {
+    for (dev = 0; dev < PCI_NUM_PINS; dev++) {
         int devfn = dev << 3;
 
-        for (pin = 0; pin < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; pin++) {
-            int irq_nr = irq_base + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % GPEX_NUM_IRQS);
+        for (pin = 0; pin < PCI_NUM_PINS; pin++) {
+            int irq_nr = irq_base + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % PCI_NUM_PINS);
             int i = 0;
 
             /* Fill PCI address cells */
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(void *fdt, char *nodename, int irq_base,
     }
 
     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map", full_irq_map,
-                     GPEX_NUM_IRQS * GPEX_NUM_IRQS *
+                     PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS *
                      irq_map_stride * sizeof(uint32_t));
 
     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map-mask",
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void openrisc_virt_pcie_init(OR1KVirtState *state,
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), pio_base, alias);
 
     /* Connect IRQ lines. */
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         pcie_irq = get_per_cpu_irq(cpus, num_cpus, irq_base + i);
 
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, pcie_irq);
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/gpex.c b/hw/pci-host/gpex.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/gpex.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/gpex.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "hw/irq.h"
+#include "hw/pci/pci_bus.h"
 #include "hw/pci-host/gpex.h"
 #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
  * GPEX host
  */
 
+struct GPEXIrq {
+    qemu_irq irq;
+    int irq_num;
+};
+
 static void gpex_set_irq(void *opaque, int irq_num, int level)
 {
     GPEXHost *s = opaque;
 
-    qemu_set_irq(s->irq[irq_num], level);
+    qemu_set_irq(s->irq[irq_num].irq, level);
 }
 
 int gpex_set_irq_num(GPEXHost *s, int index, int gsi)
 {
-    if (index >= GPEX_NUM_IRQS) {
+    if (index >= s->num_irqs) {
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
-    s->irq_num[index] = gsi;
+    s->irq[index].irq_num = gsi;
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static PCIINTxRoute gpex_route_intx_pin_to_irq(void *opaque, int pin)
 {
     PCIINTxRoute route;
     GPEXHost *s = opaque;
-    int gsi = s->irq_num[pin];
+    int gsi = s->irq[pin].irq_num;
 
     route.irq = gsi;
     if (gsi < 0) {
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static PCIINTxRoute gpex_route_intx_pin_to_irq(void *opaque, int pin)
     return route;
 }
 
+static int gpex_swizzle_map_irq_fn(PCIDevice *pci_dev, int pin)
+{
+    PCIBus *bus = pci_device_root_bus(pci_dev);
+
+    return (PCI_SLOT(pci_dev->devfn) + pin) % bus->nirq;
+}
+
 static void gpex_host_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
     PCIHostState *pci = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void gpex_host_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     PCIExpressHost *pex = PCIE_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
     int i;
 
+    s->irq = g_malloc0_n(s->num_irqs, sizeof(*s->irq));
+
     pcie_host_mmcfg_init(pex, PCIE_MMCFG_SIZE_MAX);
     sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &pex->mmio);
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void gpex_host_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
         sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->io_ioport);
     }
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
-        sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->irq[i]);
-        s->irq_num[i] = -1;
+    for (i = 0; i < s->num_irqs; i++) {
+        sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->irq[i].irq);
+        s->irq[i].irq_num = -1;
     }
 
     pci->bus = pci_register_root_bus(dev, "pcie.0", gpex_set_irq,
-                                     pci_swizzle_map_irq_fn, s, &s->io_mmio,
-                                     &s->io_ioport, 0, 4, TYPE_PCIE_BUS);
+                                     gpex_swizzle_map_irq_fn,
+                                     s, &s->io_mmio, &s->io_ioport, 0,
+                                     s->num_irqs, TYPE_PCIE_BUS);
 
     pci_bus_set_route_irq_fn(pci->bus, gpex_route_intx_pin_to_irq);
     qdev_realize(DEVICE(&s->gpex_root), BUS(pci->bus), &error_fatal);
 }
 
+static void gpex_host_unrealize(DeviceState *dev)
+{
+    GPEXHost *s = GPEX_HOST(dev);
+
+    g_free(s->irq);
+}
+
 static const char *gpex_host_root_bus_path(PCIHostState *host_bridge,
                                           PCIBus *rootbus)
 {
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static Property gpex_host_properties[] = {
                        gpex_cfg.mmio64.base, 0),
     DEFINE_PROP_SIZE(PCI_HOST_ABOVE_4G_MMIO_SIZE, GPEXHost,
                      gpex_cfg.mmio64.size, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("num-irqs", GPEXHost, num_irqs, PCI_NUM_PINS),
     DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
 };
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void gpex_host_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     hc->root_bus_path = gpex_host_root_bus_path;
     dc->realize = gpex_host_realize;
+    dc->unrealize = gpex_host_unrealize;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_BRIDGE, dc->categories);
     dc->fw_name = "pci";
     device_class_set_props(dc, gpex_host_properties);
diff --git a/hw/riscv/virt.c b/hw/riscv/virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/riscv/virt.c
+++ b/hw/riscv/virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(RISCVVirtState *s, void *fdt, char *nodename,
 {
     int pin, dev;
     uint32_t irq_map_stride = 0;
-    uint32_t full_irq_map[GPEX_NUM_IRQS * GPEX_NUM_IRQS *
+    uint32_t full_irq_map[PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS *
                           FDT_MAX_INT_MAP_WIDTH] = {};
     uint32_t *irq_map = full_irq_map;
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(RISCVVirtState *s, void *fdt, char *nodename,
      * possible slot) seeing the interrupt-map-mask will allow the table
      * to wrap to any number of devices.
      */
-    for (dev = 0; dev < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; dev++) {
+    for (dev = 0; dev < PCI_NUM_PINS; dev++) {
         int devfn = dev * 0x8;
 
-        for (pin = 0; pin < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; pin++) {
-            int irq_nr = PCIE_IRQ + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % GPEX_NUM_IRQS);
+        for (pin = 0; pin < PCI_NUM_PINS; pin++) {
+            int irq_nr = PCIE_IRQ + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % PCI_NUM_PINS);
             int i = 0;
 
             /* Fill PCI address cells */
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(RISCVVirtState *s, void *fdt, char *nodename,
     }
 
     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map", full_irq_map,
-                     GPEX_NUM_IRQS * GPEX_NUM_IRQS *
+                     PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS *
                      irq_map_stride * sizeof(uint32_t));
 
     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map-mask",
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static inline DeviceState *gpex_pcie_init(MemoryRegion *sys_mem,
 
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, pio_base);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(irqchip, PCIE_IRQ + i);
 
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, irq);
diff --git a/hw/xtensa/virt.c b/hw/xtensa/virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/xtensa/virt.c
+++ b/hw/xtensa/virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie(MachineState *ms, CPUXtensaState *env, int irq_base,
     /* Connect IRQ lines. */
     extints = xtensa_get_extints(env);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         void *q = extints[irq_base + i];
 
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, q);
diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h b/include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h
+++ b/include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(GPEXHost, GPEX_HOST)
 #define TYPE_GPEX_ROOT_DEVICE "gpex-root"
 OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(GPEXRootState, GPEX_ROOT_DEVICE)
 
-#define GPEX_NUM_IRQS 4
-
 struct GPEXRootState {
     /*< private >*/
     PCIDevice parent_obj;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ struct GPEXConfig {
     PCIBus      *bus;
 };
 
+typedef struct GPEXIrq GPEXIrq;
 struct GPEXHost {
     /*< private >*/
     PCIExpressHost parent_obj;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ struct GPEXHost {
     MemoryRegion io_mmio;
     MemoryRegion io_ioport_window;
     MemoryRegion io_mmio_window;
-    qemu_irq irq[GPEX_NUM_IRQS];
-    int irq_num[GPEX_NUM_IRQS];
+    GPEXIrq *irq;
+    uint8_t num_irqs;
 
     bool allow_unmapped_accesses;
 
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

VMApple contains an "aes" engine device that it uses to encrypt and
decrypt its nvram. It has trivial hard coded keys it uses for that
purpose.

Add device emulation for this device model.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
---

v3:

* Rebased on latest upstream and fixed minor breakages.
 * Replaced legacy device reset method with Resettable method

v4:

* Improved logging of unimplemented functions and guest errors.
 * Better adherence to naming and coding conventions.
 * Cleaner error handling and recovery, including using g_autoptr

v5:

* More logging improvements
 * Use xxx64_overflow() functions for hexdump buffer size calculations.

v7:

* Coding style tweaks.

v8:

* Further improved logging of guest errors.

v9:

* Replaced a use of cpu_physical_memory_write with dma_memory_write.
 * Dropped unnecessary use of ternary operator for bool -> 0/1.

v10:

* Code style and comment improvements.

hw/vmapple/Kconfig           |   2 +
 hw/vmapple/aes.c             | 581 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/vmapple/meson.build       |   1 +
 hw/vmapple/trace-events      |  14 +
 include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h |  17 +
 include/qemu/cutils.h        |  15 +
 util/hexdump.c               |  18 ++
 7 files changed, 648 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/aes.c
 create mode 100644 include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h

diff --git a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
+config VMAPPLE_AES
+    bool
 
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/aes.c b/hw/vmapple/aes.c
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/vmapple/aes.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * QEMU Apple AES device emulation
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "trace.h"
+#include "crypto/hash.h"
+#include "crypto/aes.h"
+#include "crypto/cipher.h"
+#include "hw/irq.h"
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "hw/vmapple/vmapple.h"
+#include "migration/vmstate.h"
+#include "qemu/cutils.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qemu/module.h"
+#include "sysemu/dma.h"
+
+OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(AESState, APPLE_AES)
+
+#define MAX_FIFO_SIZE     9
+
+#define CMD_KEY           0x1
+#define CMD_KEY_CONTEXT_SHIFT    27
+#define CMD_KEY_CONTEXT_MASK     (0x1 << CMD_KEY_CONTEXT_SHIFT)
+#define CMD_KEY_SELECT_MAX_IDX   0x7
+#define CMD_KEY_SELECT_SHIFT     24
+#define CMD_KEY_SELECT_MASK      (CMD_KEY_SELECT_MAX_IDX << CMD_KEY_SELECT_SHIFT)
+#define CMD_KEY_KEY_LEN_NUM      4u
+#define CMD_KEY_KEY_LEN_SHIFT    22
+#define CMD_KEY_KEY_LEN_MASK     ((CMD_KEY_KEY_LEN_NUM - 1u) << CMD_KEY_KEY_LEN_SHIFT)
+#define CMD_KEY_ENCRYPT_SHIFT    20
+#define CMD_KEY_ENCRYPT_MASK     (0x1 << CMD_KEY_ENCRYPT_SHIFT)
+#define CMD_KEY_BLOCK_MODE_SHIFT 16
+#define CMD_KEY_BLOCK_MODE_MASK  (0x3 << CMD_KEY_BLOCK_MODE_SHIFT)
+#define CMD_IV            0x2
+#define CMD_IV_CONTEXT_SHIFT     26
+#define CMD_IV_CONTEXT_MASK      (0x3 << CMD_KEY_CONTEXT_SHIFT)
+#define CMD_DSB           0x3
+#define CMD_SKG           0x4
+#define CMD_DATA          0x5
+#define CMD_DATA_KEY_CTX_SHIFT   27
+#define CMD_DATA_KEY_CTX_MASK    (0x1 << CMD_DATA_KEY_CTX_SHIFT)
+#define CMD_DATA_IV_CTX_SHIFT    25
+#define CMD_DATA_IV_CTX_MASK     (0x3 << CMD_DATA_IV_CTX_SHIFT)
+#define CMD_DATA_LEN_MASK        0xffffff
+#define CMD_STORE_IV      0x6
+#define CMD_STORE_IV_ADDR_MASK   0xffffff
+#define CMD_WRITE_REG     0x7
+#define CMD_FLAG          0x8
+#define CMD_FLAG_STOP_MASK       BIT(26)
+#define CMD_FLAG_RAISE_IRQ_MASK  BIT(27)
+#define CMD_FLAG_INFO_MASK       0xff
+#define CMD_MAX           0x10
+
+#define CMD_SHIFT         28
+
+#define REG_STATUS            0xc
+#define REG_STATUS_DMA_READ_RUNNING     BIT(0)
+#define REG_STATUS_DMA_READ_PENDING     BIT(1)
+#define REG_STATUS_DMA_WRITE_RUNNING    BIT(2)
+#define REG_STATUS_DMA_WRITE_PENDING    BIT(3)
+#define REG_STATUS_BUSY                 BIT(4)
+#define REG_STATUS_EXECUTING            BIT(5)
+#define REG_STATUS_READY                BIT(6)
+#define REG_STATUS_TEXT_DPA_SEEDED      BIT(7)
+#define REG_STATUS_UNWRAP_DPA_SEEDED    BIT(8)
+
+#define REG_IRQ_STATUS        0x18
+#define REG_IRQ_STATUS_INVALID_CMD      BIT(2)
+#define REG_IRQ_STATUS_FLAG             BIT(5)
+#define REG_IRQ_ENABLE        0x1c
+#define REG_WATERMARK         0x20
+#define REG_Q_STATUS          0x24
+#define REG_FLAG_INFO         0x30
+#define REG_FIFO              0x200
+
+static const uint32_t key_lens[CMD_KEY_KEY_LEN_NUM] = {
+    [0] = 16,
+    [1] = 24,
+    [2] = 32,
+    [3] = 64,
+};
+
+typedef struct Key {
+    uint32_t key_len;
+    uint8_t key[32];
+} Key;
+
+typedef struct IV {
+    uint32_t iv[4];
+} IV;
+
+static Key builtin_keys[CMD_KEY_SELECT_MAX_IDX + 1] = {
+    [1] = {
+        .key_len = 32,
+        .key = { 0x1 },
+    },
+    [2] = {
+        .key_len = 32,
+        .key = { 0x2 },
+    },
+    [3] = {
+        .key_len = 32,
+        .key = { 0x3 },
+    }
+};
+
+struct AESState {
+    SysBusDevice parent_obj;
+
+    qemu_irq irq;
+    MemoryRegion iomem1;
+    MemoryRegion iomem2;
+    AddressSpace *as;
+
+    uint32_t status;
+    uint32_t q_status;
+    uint32_t irq_status;
+    uint32_t irq_enable;
+    uint32_t watermark;
+    uint32_t flag_info;
+    uint32_t fifo[MAX_FIFO_SIZE];
+    uint32_t fifo_idx;
+    Key key[2];
+    IV iv[4];
+    bool is_encrypt;
+    QCryptoCipherMode block_mode;
+};
+
+static void aes_update_irq(AESState *s)
+{
+    qemu_set_irq(s->irq, !!(s->irq_status & s->irq_enable));
+}
+
+static uint64_t aes1_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
+{
+    AESState *s = opaque;
+    uint64_t res = 0;
+
+    switch (offset) {
+    case REG_STATUS:
+        res = s->status;
+        break;
+    case REG_IRQ_STATUS:
+        res = s->irq_status;
+        break;
+    case REG_IRQ_ENABLE:
+        res = s->irq_enable;
+        break;
+    case REG_WATERMARK:
+        res = s->watermark;
+        break;
+    case REG_Q_STATUS:
+        res = s->q_status;
+        break;
+    case REG_FLAG_INFO:
+        res = s->flag_info;
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP, "%s: Unknown AES MMIO offset %" PRIx64 "\n",
+                      __func__, offset);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    trace_aes_read(offset, res);
+
+    return res;
+}
+
+static void fifo_append(AESState *s, uint64_t val)
+{
+    if (s->fifo_idx == MAX_FIFO_SIZE) {
+        /* Exceeded the FIFO. Bail out */
+        return;
+    }
+
+    s->fifo[s->fifo_idx++] = val;
+}
+
+static bool has_payload(AESState *s, uint32_t elems)
+{
+    return s->fifo_idx >= elems + 1;
+}
+
+static bool cmd_key(AESState *s)
+{
+    uint32_t cmd = s->fifo[0];
+    uint32_t key_select = (cmd & CMD_KEY_SELECT_MASK) >> CMD_KEY_SELECT_SHIFT;
+    uint32_t ctxt = (cmd & CMD_KEY_CONTEXT_MASK) >> CMD_KEY_CONTEXT_SHIFT;
+    uint32_t key_len;
+
+    switch ((cmd & CMD_KEY_BLOCK_MODE_MASK) >> CMD_KEY_BLOCK_MODE_SHIFT) {
+    case 0:
+        s->block_mode = QCRYPTO_CIPHER_MODE_ECB;
+        break;
+    case 1:
+        s->block_mode = QCRYPTO_CIPHER_MODE_CBC;
+        break;
+    default:
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    s->is_encrypt = cmd & CMD_KEY_ENCRYPT_MASK;
+    key_len = key_lens[(cmd & CMD_KEY_KEY_LEN_MASK) >> CMD_KEY_KEY_LEN_SHIFT];
+
+    if (key_select) {
+        trace_aes_cmd_key_select_builtin(ctxt, key_select,
+                                         s->is_encrypt ? "en" : "de",
+                                         QCryptoCipherMode_str(s->block_mode));
+        s->key[ctxt] = builtin_keys[key_select];
+    } else {
+        trace_aes_cmd_key_select_new(ctxt, key_len,
+                                     s->is_encrypt ? "en" : "de",
+                                     QCryptoCipherMode_str(s->block_mode));
+        if (key_len > sizeof(s->key[ctxt].key)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!has_payload(s, key_len / sizeof(uint32_t))) {
+            /* wait for payload */
+            qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: No payload\n", __func__);
+            return false;
+        }
+        memcpy(&s->key[ctxt].key, &s->fifo[1], key_len);
+        s->key[ctxt].key_len = key_len;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool cmd_iv(AESState *s)
+{
+    uint32_t cmd = s->fifo[0];
+    uint32_t ctxt = (cmd & CMD_IV_CONTEXT_MASK) >> CMD_IV_CONTEXT_SHIFT;
+
+    if (!has_payload(s, 4)) {
+        /* wait for payload */
+        return false;
+    }
+    memcpy(&s->iv[ctxt].iv, &s->fifo[1], sizeof(s->iv[ctxt].iv));
+    trace_aes_cmd_iv(ctxt, s->fifo[1], s->fifo[2], s->fifo[3], s->fifo[4]);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void dump_data(const char *desc, const void *p, size_t len)
+{
+    static const size_t MAX_LEN = 0x1000;
+    char hex[MAX_LEN * 2 + 1] = "";
+
+    if (len > MAX_LEN) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    qemu_hexdump_to_buffer(hex, sizeof(hex), p, len);
+    trace_aes_dump_data(desc, hex);
+}
+
+static bool cmd_data(AESState *s)
+{
+    uint32_t cmd = s->fifo[0];
+    uint32_t ctxt_iv = 0;
+    uint32_t ctxt_key = (cmd & CMD_DATA_KEY_CTX_MASK) >> CMD_DATA_KEY_CTX_SHIFT;
+    uint32_t len = cmd & CMD_DATA_LEN_MASK;
+    uint64_t src_addr = s->fifo[2];
+    uint64_t dst_addr = s->fifo[3];
+    QCryptoCipherAlgo alg;
+    g_autoptr(QCryptoCipher) cipher = NULL;
+    g_autoptr(GByteArray) src = NULL;
+    g_autoptr(GByteArray) dst = NULL;
+    MemTxResult r;
+
+    src_addr |= ((uint64_t)s->fifo[1] << 16) & 0xffff00000000ULL;
+    dst_addr |= ((uint64_t)s->fifo[1] << 32) & 0xffff00000000ULL;
+
+    trace_aes_cmd_data(ctxt_key, ctxt_iv, src_addr, dst_addr, len);
+
+    if (!has_payload(s, 3)) {
+        /* wait for payload */
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: No payload\n", __func__);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (ctxt_key >= ARRAY_SIZE(s->key) ||
+        ctxt_iv >= ARRAY_SIZE(s->iv)) {
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: Invalid key or iv\n", __func__);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    src = g_byte_array_sized_new(len);
+    g_byte_array_set_size(src, len);
+    dst = g_byte_array_sized_new(len);
+    g_byte_array_set_size(dst, len);
+
+    r = dma_memory_read(s->as, src_addr, src->data, len, MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
+    if (r != MEMTX_OK) {
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: DMA read of %"PRIu32" bytes "
+                      "from 0x%"PRIx64" failed. (r=%d)\n",
+                      __func__, len, src_addr, r);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    dump_data("cmd_data(): src_data=", src->data, len);
+
+    switch (s->key[ctxt_key].key_len) {
+    case 128 / 8:
+        alg = QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALGO_AES_128;
+        break;
+    case 192 / 8:
+        alg = QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALGO_AES_192;
+        break;
+    case 256 / 8:
+        alg = QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALGO_AES_256;
+        break;
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: Invalid key length\n", __func__);
+        return false;
+    }
+    cipher = qcrypto_cipher_new(alg, s->block_mode,
+                                s->key[ctxt_key].key,
+                                s->key[ctxt_key].key_len, NULL);
+    if (!cipher) {
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: Failed to create cipher object\n",
+                      __func__);
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (s->block_mode != QCRYPTO_CIPHER_MODE_ECB) {
+        if (qcrypto_cipher_setiv(cipher, (void *)s->iv[ctxt_iv].iv,
+                                 sizeof(s->iv[ctxt_iv].iv), NULL) != 0) {
+            qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: Failed to set IV\n", __func__);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    if (s->is_encrypt) {
+        if (qcrypto_cipher_encrypt(cipher, src->data, dst->data, len, NULL) != 0) {
+            qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: Encryption failed\n", __func__);
+            return false;
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (qcrypto_cipher_decrypt(cipher, src->data, dst->data, len, NULL) != 0) {
+            qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: Decryption failed\n", __func__);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    dump_data("cmd_data(): dst_data=", dst->data, len);
+    r = dma_memory_write(s->as, dst_addr, dst->data, len, MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
+    if (r != MEMTX_OK) {
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: DMA write of %"PRIu32" bytes "
+                      "to 0x%"PRIx64" failed. (r=%d)\n",
+                      __func__, len, src_addr, r);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool cmd_store_iv(AESState *s)
+{
+    uint32_t cmd = s->fifo[0];
+    uint32_t ctxt = (cmd & CMD_IV_CONTEXT_MASK) >> CMD_IV_CONTEXT_SHIFT;
+    uint64_t addr = s->fifo[1];
+    MemTxResult dma_result;
+
+    if (!has_payload(s, 1)) {
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: No payload\n", __func__);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (ctxt >= ARRAY_SIZE(s->iv)) {
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
+                      "%s: Invalid context. ctxt = %u, allowed: 0..%zu\n",
+                      __func__, ctxt, ARRAY_SIZE(s->iv) - 1);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    addr |= ((uint64_t)cmd << 32) & 0xff00000000ULL;
+    dma_result = dma_memory_write(&address_space_memory, addr,
+                                  &s->iv[ctxt].iv, sizeof(s->iv[ctxt].iv),
+                                  MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
+
+    trace_aes_cmd_store_iv(ctxt, addr, s->iv[ctxt].iv[0], s->iv[ctxt].iv[1],
+                           s->iv[ctxt].iv[2], s->iv[ctxt].iv[3]);
+
+    return dma_result == MEMTX_OK;
+}
+
+static bool cmd_flag(AESState *s)
+{
+    uint32_t cmd = s->fifo[0];
+    uint32_t raise_irq = cmd & CMD_FLAG_RAISE_IRQ_MASK;
+
+    /* We always process data when it's coming in, so fire an IRQ immediately */
+    if (raise_irq) {
+        s->irq_status |= REG_IRQ_STATUS_FLAG;
+    }
+
+    s->flag_info = cmd & CMD_FLAG_INFO_MASK;
+
+    trace_aes_cmd_flag(!!raise_irq, s->flag_info);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void fifo_process(AESState *s)
+{
+    uint32_t cmd = s->fifo[0] >> CMD_SHIFT;
+    bool success = false;
+
+    if (!s->fifo_idx) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    switch (cmd) {
+    case CMD_KEY:
+        success = cmd_key(s);
+        break;
+    case CMD_IV:
+        success = cmd_iv(s);
+        break;
+    case CMD_DATA:
+        success = cmd_data(s);
+        break;
+    case CMD_STORE_IV:
+        success = cmd_store_iv(s);
+        break;
+    case CMD_FLAG:
+        success = cmd_flag(s);
+        break;
+    default:
+        s->irq_status |= REG_IRQ_STATUS_INVALID_CMD;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    if (success) {
+        s->fifo_idx = 0;
+    }
+
+    trace_aes_fifo_process(cmd, success);
+}
+
+static void aes1_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, uint64_t val, unsigned size)
+{
+    AESState *s = opaque;
+
+    trace_aes_write(offset, val);
+
+    switch (offset) {
+    case REG_IRQ_STATUS:
+        s->irq_status &= ~val;
+        break;
+    case REG_IRQ_ENABLE:
+        s->irq_enable = val;
+        break;
+    case REG_FIFO:
+        fifo_append(s, val);
+        fifo_process(s);
+        break;
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP,
+                      "%s: Unknown AES MMIO offset %"PRIx64", data %"PRIx64"\n",
+                      __func__, offset, val);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    aes_update_irq(s);
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps aes1_ops = {
+    .read = aes1_read,
+    .write = aes1_write,
+    .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
+    .valid = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 8,
+    },
+    .impl = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 4,
+    },
+};
+
+static uint64_t aes2_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
+{
+    uint64_t res = 0;
+
+    switch (offset) {
+    case 0:
+        res = 0;
+        break;
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP,
+                      "%s: Unknown AES MMIO 2 offset %"PRIx64"\n",
+                      __func__, offset);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    trace_aes_2_read(offset, res);
+
+    return res;
+}
+
+static void aes2_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, uint64_t val, unsigned size)
+{
+    trace_aes_2_write(offset, val);
+
+    switch (offset) {
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP,
+                      "%s: Unknown AES MMIO 2 offset %"PRIx64", data %"PRIx64"\n",
+                      __func__, offset, val);
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps aes2_ops = {
+    .read = aes2_read,
+    .write = aes2_write,
+    .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
+    .valid = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 8,
+    },
+    .impl = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 4,
+    },
+};
+
+static void aes_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
+{
+    AESState *s = APPLE_AES(obj);
+
+    s->status = 0x3f80;
+    s->q_status = 2;
+    s->irq_status = 0;
+    s->irq_enable = 0;
+    s->watermark = 0;
+}
+
+static void aes_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    AESState *s = APPLE_AES(obj);
+
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem1, obj, &aes1_ops, s, TYPE_APPLE_AES, 0x4000);
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem2, obj, &aes2_ops, s, TYPE_APPLE_AES, 0x4000);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->iomem1);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->iomem2);
+    sysbus_init_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->irq);
+    s->as = &address_space_memory;
+}
+
+static void aes_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    rc->phases.hold = aes_reset;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo aes_info = {
+    .name          = TYPE_APPLE_AES,
+    .parent        = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(AESState),
+    .class_init    = aes_class_init,
+    .instance_init = aes_init,
+};
+
+static void aes_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&aes_info);
+}
+
+type_init(aes_register_types)
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/meson.build b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/meson.build
+++ b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_AES',  if_true: files('aes.c'))
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/trace-events b/hw/vmapple/trace-events
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/trace-events
+++ b/hw/vmapple/trace-events
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 # See docs/devel/tracing.rst for syntax documentation.
 
+# aes.c
+aes_read(uint64_t offset, uint64_t res) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" res=0x%"PRIx64
+aes_cmd_key_select_builtin(uint32_t ctx, uint32_t key_id, const char *direction, const char *cipher) "[%d] Selecting builtin key %d to %scrypt with %s"
+aes_cmd_key_select_new(uint32_t ctx, uint32_t key_len, const char *direction, const char *cipher) "[%d] Selecting new key size=%d to %scrypt with %s"
+aes_cmd_iv(uint32_t ctx, uint32_t iv0, uint32_t iv1, uint32_t iv2, uint32_t iv3) "[%d] 0x%08x 0x%08x 0x%08x 0x%08x"
+aes_cmd_data(uint32_t key, uint32_t iv, uint64_t src, uint64_t dst, uint32_t len) "[key=%d iv=%d] src=0x%"PRIx64" dst=0x%"PRIx64" len=0x%x"
+aes_cmd_store_iv(uint32_t ctx, uint64_t addr, uint32_t iv0, uint32_t iv1, uint32_t iv2, uint32_t iv3) "[%d] addr=0x%"PRIx64"x -> 0x%08x 0x%08x 0x%08x 0x%08x"
+aes_cmd_flag(uint32_t raise, uint32_t flag_info) "raise=%d flag_info=0x%x"
+aes_fifo_process(uint32_t cmd, bool success) "cmd=%d success=%d"
+aes_write(uint64_t offset, uint64_t val) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" val=0x%"PRIx64
+aes_2_read(uint64_t offset, uint64_t res) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" res=0x%"PRIx64
+aes_2_write(uint64_t offset, uint64_t val) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" val=0x%"PRIx64
+aes_dump_data(const char *desc, const char *hex) "%s%s"
+
diff --git a/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h b/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * Devices specific to the VMApple machine type
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ */
+
+#ifndef HW_VMAPPLE_VMAPPLE_H
+#define HW_VMAPPLE_VMAPPLE_H
+
+#define TYPE_APPLE_AES "apple-aes"
+
+#endif /* HW_VMAPPLE_VMAPPLE_H */
diff --git a/include/qemu/cutils.h b/include/qemu/cutils.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/qemu/cutils.h
+++ b/include/qemu/cutils.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ GString *qemu_hexdump_line(GString *str, const void *buf, size_t len,
 void qemu_hexdump(FILE *fp, const char *prefix,
                   const void *bufptr, size_t size);
 
+/**
+ * qemu_hexdump_to_buffer:
+ * @buffer: output string buffer
+ * @buffer_size: amount of available space in buffer. Must be at least
+ *               data_size*2+1.
+ * @data: input bytes
+ * @data_size: number of bytes in data
+ *
+ * Converts the @data_size bytes in @data into hex digit pairs, writing them to
+ * @buffer. Finally, a nul terminating character is written; @buffer therefore
+ * needs space for (data_size*2+1) chars.
+ */
+void qemu_hexdump_to_buffer(char *restrict buffer, size_t buffer_size,
+                            const uint8_t *restrict data, size_t data_size);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/util/hexdump.c b/util/hexdump.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/util/hexdump.c
+++ b/util/hexdump.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
+#include "qemu/host-utils.h"
 
 static inline char hexdump_nibble(unsigned x)
 {
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ void qemu_hexdump(FILE *fp, const char *prefix,
     }
 
 }
+
+void qemu_hexdump_to_buffer(char *restrict buffer, size_t buffer_size,
+                            const uint8_t *restrict data, size_t data_size)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    uint64_t required_buffer_size;
+    bool overflow = umul64_overflow(data_size, 2, &required_buffer_size);
+    overflow |= uadd64_overflow(required_buffer_size, 1, &required_buffer_size);
+    assert(!overflow && buffer_size >= required_buffer_size);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < data_size; i++) {
+        uint8_t val = data[i];
+        *(buffer++) = hexdump_nibble(val >> 4);
+        *(buffer++) = hexdump_nibble(val & 0xf);
+    }
+    *buffer = '\0';
+}
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

The VMApple machine exposes AUX and ROOT block devices (as well as USB OTG
emulation) via virtio-pci as well as a special, simple backdoor platform
device.

This patch implements this backdoor platform device to the best of my
understanding. I left out any USB OTG parts; they're only needed for
guest recovery and I don't understand the protocol yet.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---

v4:

* Moved most header code to .c, rest to vmapple.h
 * Better compliance with coding, naming, and formatting conventions.

v8:

* Replaced uses of cpu_physical_memory_read with dma_memory_read.
 * Replaced an instance of g_free with g_autofree.

v9:

* Replaced uses of cpu_physical_memory_write with dma_memory_write.
 
 hw/vmapple/Kconfig           |   3 +
 hw/vmapple/bdif.c            | 275 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/vmapple/meson.build       |   1 +
 hw/vmapple/trace-events      |   5 +
 include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h |   2 +
 5 files changed, 286 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/bdif.c

diff --git a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 config VMAPPLE_AES
     bool
 
+config VMAPPLE_BDIF
+    bool
+
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/bdif.c b/hw/vmapple/bdif.c
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/vmapple/bdif.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * VMApple Backdoor Interface
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "qemu/units.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qemu/module.h"
+#include "trace.h"
+#include "hw/vmapple/vmapple.h"
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "hw/block/block.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
+#include "sysemu/dma.h"
+
+OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(VMAppleBdifState, VMAPPLE_BDIF)
+
+struct VMAppleBdifState {
+    SysBusDevice parent_obj;
+
+    BlockBackend *aux;
+    BlockBackend *root;
+    MemoryRegion mmio;
+};
+
+#define VMAPPLE_BDIF_SIZE   0x00200000
+
+#define REG_DEVID_MASK      0xffff0000
+#define DEVID_ROOT          0x00000000
+#define DEVID_AUX           0x00010000
+#define DEVID_USB           0x00100000
+
+#define REG_STATUS          0x0
+#define REG_STATUS_ACTIVE     BIT(0)
+#define REG_CFG             0x4
+#define REG_CFG_ACTIVE        BIT(1)
+#define REG_UNK1            0x8
+#define REG_BUSY            0x10
+#define REG_BUSY_READY        BIT(0)
+#define REG_UNK2            0x400
+#define REG_CMD             0x408
+#define REG_NEXT_DEVICE     0x420
+#define REG_UNK3            0x434
+
+typedef struct VblkSector {
+    uint32_t pad;
+    uint32_t pad2;
+    uint32_t sector;
+    uint32_t pad3;
+} VblkSector;
+
+typedef struct VblkReqCmd {
+    uint64_t addr;
+    uint32_t len;
+    uint32_t flags;
+} VblkReqCmd;
+
+typedef struct VblkReq {
+    VblkReqCmd sector;
+    VblkReqCmd data;
+    VblkReqCmd retval;
+} VblkReq;
+
+#define VBLK_DATA_FLAGS_READ  0x00030001
+#define VBLK_DATA_FLAGS_WRITE 0x00010001
+
+#define VBLK_RET_SUCCESS  0
+#define VBLK_RET_FAILED   1
+
+static uint64_t bdif_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
+{
+    uint64_t ret = -1;
+    uint64_t devid = offset & REG_DEVID_MASK;
+
+    switch (offset & ~REG_DEVID_MASK) {
+    case REG_STATUS:
+        ret = REG_STATUS_ACTIVE;
+        break;
+    case REG_CFG:
+        ret = REG_CFG_ACTIVE;
+        break;
+    case REG_UNK1:
+        ret = 0x420;
+        break;
+    case REG_BUSY:
+        ret = REG_BUSY_READY;
+        break;
+    case REG_UNK2:
+        ret = 0x1;
+        break;
+    case REG_UNK3:
+        ret = 0x0;
+        break;
+    case REG_NEXT_DEVICE:
+        switch (devid) {
+        case DEVID_ROOT:
+            ret = 0x8000000;
+            break;
+        case DEVID_AUX:
+            ret = 0x10000;
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+    trace_bdif_read(offset, size, ret);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static void le2cpu_sector(VblkSector *sector)
+{
+    sector->sector = le32_to_cpu(sector->sector);
+}
+
+static void le2cpu_reqcmd(VblkReqCmd *cmd)
+{
+    cmd->addr = le64_to_cpu(cmd->addr);
+    cmd->len = le32_to_cpu(cmd->len);
+    cmd->flags = le32_to_cpu(cmd->flags);
+}
+
+static void le2cpu_req(VblkReq *req)
+{
+    le2cpu_reqcmd(&req->sector);
+    le2cpu_reqcmd(&req->data);
+    le2cpu_reqcmd(&req->retval);
+}
+
+static void vblk_cmd(uint64_t devid, BlockBackend *blk, uint64_t gp_addr,
+                     uint64_t static_off)
+{
+    VblkReq req;
+    VblkSector sector;
+    uint64_t off = 0;
+    g_autofree char *buf = NULL;
+    uint8_t ret = VBLK_RET_FAILED;
+    int r;
+    MemTxResult dma_result;
+
+    dma_result = dma_memory_read(&address_space_memory, gp_addr,
+                                 &req, sizeof(req), MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
+    if (dma_result != MEMTX_OK) {
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    le2cpu_req(&req);
+
+    if (req.sector.len != sizeof(sector)) {
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    /* Read the vblk command */
+    dma_result = dma_memory_read(&address_space_memory, req.sector.addr,
+                                 &sector, sizeof(sector),
+                                 MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
+    if (dma_result != MEMTX_OK) {
+        goto out;
+    }
+    le2cpu_sector(&sector);
+
+    off = sector.sector * 512ULL + static_off;
+
+    /* Sanity check that we're not allocating bogus sizes */
+    if (req.data.len > 128 * MiB) {
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    buf = g_malloc0(req.data.len);
+    switch (req.data.flags) {
+    case VBLK_DATA_FLAGS_READ:
+        r = blk_pread(blk, off, req.data.len, buf, 0);
+        trace_bdif_vblk_read(devid == DEVID_AUX ? "aux" : "root",
+                             req.data.addr, off, req.data.len, r);
+        if (r < 0) {
+            goto out;
+        }
+        dma_result = dma_memory_write(&address_space_memory, req.data.addr, buf,
+                                      req.data.len, MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
+        if (dma_result == MEMTX_OK) {
+            ret = VBLK_RET_SUCCESS;
+        }
+        break;
+    case VBLK_DATA_FLAGS_WRITE:
+        /* Not needed, iBoot only reads */
+        break;
+    default:
+        break;
+    }
+
+out:
+    dma_memory_write(&address_space_memory, req.retval.addr, &ret, 1,
+                     MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
+}
+
+static void bdif_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
+                       uint64_t value, unsigned size)
+{
+    VMAppleBdifState *s = opaque;
+    uint64_t devid = (offset & REG_DEVID_MASK);
+
+    trace_bdif_write(offset, size, value);
+
+    switch (offset & ~REG_DEVID_MASK) {
+    case REG_CMD:
+        switch (devid) {
+        case DEVID_ROOT:
+            vblk_cmd(devid, s->root, value, 0x0);
+            break;
+        case DEVID_AUX:
+            vblk_cmd(devid, s->aux, value, 0x0);
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps bdif_ops = {
+    .read = bdif_read,
+    .write = bdif_write,
+    .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
+    .valid = {
+        .min_access_size = 1,
+        .max_access_size = 8,
+    },
+    .impl = {
+        .min_access_size = 1,
+        .max_access_size = 8,
+    },
+};
+
+static void bdif_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    VMAppleBdifState *s = VMAPPLE_BDIF(obj);
+
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->mmio, obj, &bdif_ops, obj,
+                         "VMApple Backdoor Interface", VMAPPLE_BDIF_SIZE);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj), &s->mmio);
+}
+
+static Property bdif_properties[] = {
+    DEFINE_PROP_DRIVE("aux", VMAppleBdifState, aux),
+    DEFINE_PROP_DRIVE("root", VMAppleBdifState, root),
+    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
+};
+
+static void bdif_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    dc->desc = "VMApple Backdoor Interface";
+    device_class_set_props(dc, bdif_properties);
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo bdif_info = {
+    .name          = TYPE_VMAPPLE_BDIF,
+    .parent        = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(VMAppleBdifState),
+    .instance_init = bdif_init,
+    .class_init    = bdif_class_init,
+};
+
+static void bdif_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&bdif_info);
+}
+
+type_init(bdif_register_types)
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/meson.build b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/meson.build
+++ b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_AES',  if_true: files('aes.c'))
+system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_BDIF', if_true: files('bdif.c'))
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/trace-events b/hw/vmapple/trace-events
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/trace-events
+++ b/hw/vmapple/trace-events
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ aes_2_read(uint64_t offset, uint64_t res) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" res=0x%"PRIx64
 aes_2_write(uint64_t offset, uint64_t val) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" val=0x%"PRIx64
 aes_dump_data(const char *desc, const char *hex) "%s%s"
 
+# bdif.c
+bdif_read(uint64_t offset, uint32_t size, uint64_t value) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" size=0x%x value=0x%"PRIx64
+bdif_write(uint64_t offset, uint32_t size, uint64_t value) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" size=0x%x value=0x%"PRIx64
+bdif_vblk_read(const char *dev, uint64_t addr, uint64_t offset, uint32_t len, int r) "dev=%s addr=0x%"PRIx64" off=0x%"PRIx64" size=0x%x r=%d"
+
diff --git a/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h b/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
+++ b/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 
 #define TYPE_APPLE_AES "apple-aes"
 
+#define TYPE_VMAPPLE_BDIF "vmapple-bdif"
+
 #endif /* HW_VMAPPLE_VMAPPLE_H */
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

Instead of device tree or other more standardized means, VMApple passes
platform configuration to the first stage boot loader in a binary encoded
format that resides at a dedicated RAM region in physical address space.

This patch models this configuration space as a qdev device which we can
then map at the fixed location in the address space. That way, we can
influence and annotate all configuration fields easily.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
---

v3:

* Replaced legacy device reset method with Resettable method

v4:

* Fixed initialisation of default values for properties
 * Dropped superfluous endianness conversions
 * Moved most header code to .c, device name #define goes in vmapple.h

v5:

* Improved error reporting in case of string property buffer overflow.

v7:

* Changed error messages for overrun of properties with
   fixed-length strings to be more useful to users than developers.

v8:

* Consistent parenthesising of macro arguments for better safety.

v10:

* Slightly tidier error reporting for overlong property values.

hw/vmapple/Kconfig           |   3 +
 hw/vmapple/cfg.c             | 196 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/vmapple/meson.build       |   1 +
 include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h |   2 +
 4 files changed, 202 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/cfg.c

diff --git a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ config VMAPPLE_AES
 config VMAPPLE_BDIF
     bool
 
+config VMAPPLE_CFG
+    bool
+
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/cfg.c b/hw/vmapple/cfg.c
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/vmapple/cfg.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * VMApple Configuration Region
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "hw/vmapple/vmapple.h"
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qemu/module.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "net/net.h"
+
+OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(VMAppleCfgState, VMAPPLE_CFG)
+
+#define VMAPPLE_CFG_SIZE 0x00010000
+
+typedef struct VMAppleCfg {
+    uint32_t version;         /* 0x000 */
+    uint32_t nr_cpus;         /* 0x004 */
+    uint32_t unk1;            /* 0x008 */
+    uint32_t unk2;            /* 0x00c */
+    uint32_t unk3;            /* 0x010 */
+    uint32_t unk4;            /* 0x014 */
+    uint64_t ecid;            /* 0x018 */
+    uint64_t ram_size;        /* 0x020 */
+    uint32_t run_installer1;  /* 0x028 */
+    uint32_t unk5;            /* 0x02c */
+    uint32_t unk6;            /* 0x030 */
+    uint32_t run_installer2;  /* 0x034 */
+    uint32_t rnd;             /* 0x038 */
+    uint32_t unk7;            /* 0x03c */
+    MACAddr mac_en0;          /* 0x040 */
+    uint8_t pad1[2];
+    MACAddr mac_en1;          /* 0x048 */
+    uint8_t pad2[2];
+    MACAddr mac_wifi0;        /* 0x050 */
+    uint8_t pad3[2];
+    MACAddr mac_bt0;          /* 0x058 */
+    uint8_t pad4[2];
+    uint8_t reserved[0xa0];   /* 0x060 */
+    uint32_t cpu_ids[0x80];   /* 0x100 */
+    uint8_t scratch[0x200];   /* 0x180 */
+    char serial[32];          /* 0x380 */
+    char unk8[32];            /* 0x3a0 */
+    char model[32];           /* 0x3c0 */
+    uint8_t unk9[32];         /* 0x3e0 */
+    uint32_t unk10;           /* 0x400 */
+    char soc_name[32];        /* 0x404 */
+} VMAppleCfg;
+
+struct VMAppleCfgState {
+    SysBusDevice parent_obj;
+    VMAppleCfg cfg;
+
+    MemoryRegion mem;
+    char *serial;
+    char *model;
+    char *soc_name;
+};
+
+static void vmapple_cfg_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
+{
+    VMAppleCfgState *s = VMAPPLE_CFG(obj);
+    VMAppleCfg *cfg;
+
+    cfg = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->mem);
+    memset(cfg, 0, VMAPPLE_CFG_SIZE);
+    *cfg = s->cfg;
+}
+
+static bool set_fixlen_property_or_error(char *restrict dst,
+                                         const char *restrict src,
+                                         size_t dst_size, Error **errp,
+                                         const char *property_name)
+{
+    ERRP_GUARD();
+    size_t len;
+
+    len = g_strlcpy(dst, src, dst_size);
+    if (len < dst_size) { /* len does not count nul terminator */
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    error_setg(errp, "Provided value too long for property '%s'", property_name);
+    error_append_hint(errp, "length (%zu) exceeds maximum of %zu\n",
+                      len, dst_size - 1);
+    return false;
+}
+
+#define set_fixlen_property_or_return(dst_array, src, errp, property_name) \
+    do { \
+        if (!set_fixlen_property_or_error((dst_array), (src), \
+                                          ARRAY_SIZE(dst_array), \
+                                          (errp), (property_name))) { \
+            return; \
+        } \
+    } while (0)
+
+static void vmapple_cfg_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    VMAppleCfgState *s = VMAPPLE_CFG(dev);
+    uint32_t i;
+
+    if (!s->serial) {
+        s->serial = g_strdup("1234");
+    }
+    if (!s->model) {
+        s->model = g_strdup("VM0001");
+    }
+    if (!s->soc_name) {
+        s->soc_name = g_strdup("Apple M1 (Virtual)");
+    }
+
+    set_fixlen_property_or_return(s->cfg.serial, s->serial, errp, "serial");
+    set_fixlen_property_or_return(s->cfg.model, s->model, errp, "model");
+    set_fixlen_property_or_return(s->cfg.soc_name, s->soc_name, errp, "soc_name");
+    set_fixlen_property_or_return(s->cfg.unk8, "D/A", errp, "unk8");
+    s->cfg.version = 2;
+    s->cfg.unk1 = 1;
+    s->cfg.unk2 = 1;
+    s->cfg.unk3 = 0x20;
+    s->cfg.unk4 = 0;
+    s->cfg.unk5 = 1;
+    s->cfg.unk6 = 1;
+    s->cfg.unk7 = 0;
+    s->cfg.unk10 = 1;
+
+    if (s->cfg.nr_cpus > ARRAY_SIZE(s->cfg.cpu_ids)) {
+        error_setg(errp,
+                   "Failed to create %u CPUs, vmapple machine supports %zu max",
+                   s->cfg.nr_cpus, ARRAY_SIZE(s->cfg.cpu_ids));
+        return;
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < s->cfg.nr_cpus; i++) {
+        s->cfg.cpu_ids[i] = i;
+    }
+}
+
+static void vmapple_cfg_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    VMAppleCfgState *s = VMAPPLE_CFG(obj);
+
+    memory_region_init_ram(&s->mem, obj, "VMApple Config", VMAPPLE_CFG_SIZE,
+                           &error_fatal);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj), &s->mem);
+}
+
+static Property vmapple_cfg_properties[] = {
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("nr-cpus", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.nr_cpus, 1),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT64("ecid", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.ecid, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT64("ram-size", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.ram_size, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("run_installer1", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.run_installer1, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("run_installer2", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.run_installer2, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("rnd", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.rnd, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_MACADDR("mac-en0", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.mac_en0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_MACADDR("mac-en1", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.mac_en1),
+    DEFINE_PROP_MACADDR("mac-wifi0", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.mac_wifi0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_MACADDR("mac-bt0", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.mac_bt0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("serial", VMAppleCfgState, serial),
+    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("model", VMAppleCfgState, model),
+    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("soc_name", VMAppleCfgState, soc_name),
+    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
+};
+
+static void vmapple_cfg_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    dc->realize = vmapple_cfg_realize;
+    dc->desc = "VMApple Configuration Region";
+    device_class_set_props(dc, vmapple_cfg_properties);
+    rc->phases.hold = vmapple_cfg_reset;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo vmapple_cfg_info = {
+    .name          = TYPE_VMAPPLE_CFG,
+    .parent        = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(VMAppleCfgState),
+    .instance_init = vmapple_cfg_init,
+    .class_init    = vmapple_cfg_class_init,
+};
+
+static void vmapple_cfg_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&vmapple_cfg_info);
+}
+
+type_init(vmapple_cfg_register_types)
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/meson.build b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/meson.build
+++ b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_AES',  if_true: files('aes.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_BDIF', if_true: files('bdif.c'))
+system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_CFG',  if_true: files('cfg.c'))
diff --git a/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h b/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
+++ b/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 
 #define TYPE_VMAPPLE_BDIF "vmapple-bdif"
 
+#define TYPE_VMAPPLE_CFG "vmapple-cfg"
+
 #endif /* HW_VMAPPLE_VMAPPLE_H */
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

Apple has its own virtio-blk PCI device ID where it deviates from the
official virtio-pci spec slightly: It puts a new "apple type"
field at a static offset in config space and introduces a new barrier
command.

This patch first creates a mechanism for virtio-blk downstream classes to
handle unknown commands. It then creates such a downstream class and a new
vmapple-virtio-blk-pci class which support the additional apple type config
identifier as well as the barrier command.

The 'aux' or 'root' device type are selected using the 'variant' property.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---

v4:

* Use recommended object type declaration pattern.
 * Correctly log unimplemented code paths.
 * Most header code moved to .c, type name #defines moved to vmapple.h

v5:

* Corrected handling of potentially unaligned writes to virtio config area.
 * Simplified passing through device variant type to subobject.

v9:

* Correctly specify class_size for VMAppleVirtIOBlkClass

v10:

* Folded v9 patch 16/16 into this one, changing the device type design to
   provide a single device type with a variant property instead of 2 different
   subtypes for aux and root volumes.
 * Tidied up error reporting for the variant property.

diff --git a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void virtio_blk_init_request(VirtIOBlock *s, VirtQueue *vq,
     req->mr_next = NULL;
 }
 
-static void virtio_blk_free_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req)
+void virtio_blk_free_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req)
 {
     g_free(req);
 }
 
-static void virtio_blk_req_complete(VirtIOBlockReq *req, unsigned char status)
+void virtio_blk_req_complete(VirtIOBlockReq *req, unsigned char status)
 {
     VirtIOBlock *s = req->dev;
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(s);
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static int virtio_blk_handle_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req, MultiReqBuffer *mrb)
         break;
     }
     default:
-        virtio_blk_req_complete(req, VIRTIO_BLK_S_UNSUPP);
-        virtio_blk_free_request(req);
+    {
+        /*
+         * Give subclasses a chance to handle unknown requests. This way the
+         * class lookup is not in the hot path.
+         */
+        VirtIOBlkClass *vbk = VIRTIO_BLK_GET_CLASS(s);
+        if (!vbk->handle_unknown_request ||
+            !vbk->handle_unknown_request(req, mrb, type)) {
+            virtio_blk_req_complete(req, VIRTIO_BLK_S_UNSUPP);
+            virtio_blk_free_request(req);
+        }
+    }
     }
     return 0;
 }
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static const TypeInfo virtio_blk_info = {
     .instance_size = sizeof(VirtIOBlock),
     .instance_init = virtio_blk_instance_init,
     .class_init = virtio_blk_class_init,
+    .class_size = sizeof(VirtIOBlkClass),
 };
 
 static void virtio_register_types(void)
diff --git a/hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c b/hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c
+++ b/hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_iothread_vq_mapping_list = {
     .set = set_iothread_vq_mapping_list,
     .release = release_iothread_vq_mapping_list,
 };
+
+const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_vmapple_virtio_blk_variant = {
+    .name  = "VMAppleVirtioBlkVariant",
+    .enum_table  = &VMAppleVirtioBlkVariant_lookup,
+    .get   = qdev_propinfo_get_enum,
+    .set   = qdev_propinfo_set_enum,
+    .set_default_value = qdev_propinfo_set_default_value_enum,
+};
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ config VMAPPLE_BDIF
 config VMAPPLE_CFG
     bool
 
+config VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK
+    bool
+
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/meson.build b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/meson.build
+++ b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_AES',  if_true: files('aes.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_BDIF', if_true: files('bdif.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_CFG',  if_true: files('cfg.c'))
+system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK',  if_true: files('virtio-blk.c'))
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c b/hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * VMApple specific VirtIO Block implementation
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ *
+ * VMApple uses almost standard VirtIO Block, but with a few key differences:
+ *
+ *  - Different PCI device/vendor ID
+ *  - An additional "type" identifier to differentiate AUX and Root volumes
+ *  - An additional BARRIER command
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "hw/vmapple/vmapple.h"
+#include "hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h"
+#include "hw/virtio/virtio-pci.h"
+#include "qemu/bswap.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qemu/module.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+
+#define TYPE_VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK  "vmapple-virtio-blk"
+OBJECT_DECLARE_TYPE(VMAppleVirtIOBlk, VMAppleVirtIOBlkClass, VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK)
+
+typedef struct VMAppleVirtIOBlkClass {
+    VirtIOBlkClass parent;
+
+    void (*get_config)(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t *config);
+} VMAppleVirtIOBlkClass;
+
+typedef struct VMAppleVirtIOBlk {
+    VirtIOBlock parent_obj;
+
+    uint32_t apple_type;
+} VMAppleVirtIOBlk;
+
+/*
+ * vmapple-virtio-blk-pci: This extends VirtioPCIProxy.
+ */
+OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(VMAppleVirtIOBlkPCI, VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK_PCI)
+
+#define VIRTIO_BLK_T_APPLE_BARRIER     0x10000
+
+static bool vmapple_virtio_blk_handle_unknown_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req,
+                                                      MultiReqBuffer *mrb,
+                                                      uint32_t type)
+{
+    switch (type) {
+    case VIRTIO_BLK_T_APPLE_BARRIER:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP, "%s: Barrier requests are currently no-ops\n",
+                      __func__);
+        virtio_blk_req_complete(req, VIRTIO_BLK_S_OK);
+        virtio_blk_free_request(req);
+        return true;
+    default:
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * VMApple virtio-blk uses the same config format as normal virtio, with one
+ * exception: It adds an "apple type" specififer at the same location that
+ * the spec reserves for max_secure_erase_sectors. Let's hook into the
+ * get_config code path here, run it as usual and then patch in the apple type.
+ */
+static void vmapple_virtio_blk_get_config(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t *config)
+{
+    VMAppleVirtIOBlk *dev = VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK(vdev);
+    VMAppleVirtIOBlkClass *vvbk = VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK_GET_CLASS(dev);
+    struct virtio_blk_config *blkcfg = (struct virtio_blk_config *)config;
+
+    vvbk->get_config(vdev, config);
+
+    g_assert(dev->parent_obj.config_size >= endof(struct virtio_blk_config, zoned));
+
+    /* Apple abuses the field for max_secure_erase_sectors as type id */
+    stl_he_p(&blkcfg->max_secure_erase_sectors, dev->apple_type);
+}
+
+static void vmapple_virtio_blk_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    VirtIOBlkClass *vbk = VIRTIO_BLK_CLASS(klass);
+    VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    VMAppleVirtIOBlkClass *vvbk = VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK_CLASS(klass);
+
+    vbk->handle_unknown_request = vmapple_virtio_blk_handle_unknown_request;
+    vvbk->get_config = vdc->get_config;
+    vdc->get_config = vmapple_virtio_blk_get_config;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo vmapple_virtio_blk_info = {
+    .name          = TYPE_VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK,
+    .parent        = TYPE_VIRTIO_BLK,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(VMAppleVirtIOBlk),
+    .class_size    = sizeof(VMAppleVirtIOBlkClass),
+    .class_init    = vmapple_virtio_blk_class_init,
+};
+
+/* PCI Devices */
+
+struct VMAppleVirtIOBlkPCI {
+    VirtIOPCIProxy parent_obj;
+    VMAppleVirtIOBlk vdev;
+    VMAppleVirtioBlkVariant variant;
+};
+
+
+static Property vmapple_virtio_blk_pci_properties[] = {
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("class", VirtIOPCIProxy, class_code, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_BIT("ioeventfd", VirtIOPCIProxy, flags,
+                    VIRTIO_PCI_FLAG_USE_IOEVENTFD_BIT, true),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("vectors", VirtIOPCIProxy, nvectors,
+                       DEV_NVECTORS_UNSPECIFIED),
+    DEFINE_PROP_VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK_VARIANT("variant", VMAppleVirtIOBlkPCI, variant,
+                                           VM_APPLE_VIRTIO_BLK_VARIANT_UNSPECIFIED),
+    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
+};
+
+static void vmapple_virtio_blk_pci_realize(VirtIOPCIProxy *vpci_dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    ERRP_GUARD();
+    VMAppleVirtIOBlkPCI *dev = VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK_PCI(vpci_dev);
+    DeviceState *vdev = DEVICE(&dev->vdev);
+    VirtIOBlkConf *conf = &dev->vdev.parent_obj.conf;
+
+    if (dev->variant == VM_APPLE_VIRTIO_BLK_VARIANT_UNSPECIFIED) {
+        error_setg(errp, "vmapple virtio block device variant unspecified");
+        error_append_hint(errp,
+                          "Variant property must be set to 'aux' or 'root'.\n"
+                          "Use a regular virtio-blk-pci device instead when "
+                          "neither is applicaple.\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (conf->num_queues == VIRTIO_BLK_AUTO_NUM_QUEUES) {
+        conf->num_queues = virtio_pci_optimal_num_queues(0);
+    }
+
+    if (vpci_dev->nvectors == DEV_NVECTORS_UNSPECIFIED) {
+        vpci_dev->nvectors = conf->num_queues + 1;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * We don't support zones, but we need the additional config space size.
+     * Let's just expose the feature so the rest of the virtio-blk logic
+     * allocates enough space for us. The guest will ignore zones anyway.
+     */
+    virtio_add_feature(&dev->vdev.parent_obj.host_features, VIRTIO_BLK_F_ZONED);
+    /* Propagate the apple type down to the virtio-blk device */
+    dev->vdev.apple_type = dev->variant;
+    /* and spawn the virtio-blk device */
+    qdev_realize(vdev, BUS(&vpci_dev->bus), errp);
+
+    /*
+     * The virtio-pci machinery adjusts its vendor/device ID based on whether
+     * we support modern or legacy virtio. Let's patch it back to the Apple
+     * identifiers here.
+     */
+    pci_config_set_vendor_id(vpci_dev->pci_dev.config, PCI_VENDOR_ID_APPLE);
+    pci_config_set_device_id(vpci_dev->pci_dev.config,
+                             PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_VIRTIO_BLK);
+}
+
+static void vmapple_virtio_blk_pci_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    VirtioPCIClass *k = VIRTIO_PCI_CLASS(klass);
+    PCIDeviceClass *pcidev_k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
+    device_class_set_props(dc, vmapple_virtio_blk_pci_properties);
+    k->realize = vmapple_virtio_blk_pci_realize;
+    pcidev_k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_APPLE;
+    pcidev_k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_VIRTIO_BLK;
+    pcidev_k->revision = VIRTIO_PCI_ABI_VERSION;
+    pcidev_k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_STORAGE_SCSI;
+}
+
+static void vmapple_virtio_blk_pci_instance_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    VMAppleVirtIOBlkPCI *dev = VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK_PCI(obj);
+
+    virtio_instance_init_common(obj, &dev->vdev, sizeof(dev->vdev),
+                                TYPE_VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK);
+}
+
+static const VirtioPCIDeviceTypeInfo vmapple_virtio_blk_pci_info = {
+    .generic_name  = TYPE_VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK_PCI,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(VMAppleVirtIOBlkPCI),
+    .instance_init = vmapple_virtio_blk_pci_instance_init,
+    .class_init    = vmapple_virtio_blk_pci_class_init,
+};
+
+static void vmapple_virtio_blk_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&vmapple_virtio_blk_info);
+    virtio_pci_types_register(&vmapple_virtio_blk_pci_info);
+}
+
+type_init(vmapple_virtio_blk_register_types)
diff --git a/include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h b/include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h
+++ b/include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_UNI_N_AGP    0x0020
 #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_U3_AGP       0x004b
 #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_UNI_N_GMAC   0x0021
+#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_VIRTIO_BLK   0x1a00
 
 #define PCI_VENDOR_ID_SUN                0x108e
 #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_SUN_EBUS           0x1000
diff --git a/include/hw/qdev-properties-system.h b/include/hw/qdev-properties-system.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/hw/qdev-properties-system.h
+++ b/include/hw/qdev-properties-system.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ extern const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_pcie_link_speed;
 extern const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_pcie_link_width;
 extern const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_cpus390entitlement;
 extern const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_iothread_vq_mapping_list;
+extern const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_vmapple_virtio_blk_variant;
 
 #define DEFINE_PROP_PCI_DEVFN(_n, _s, _f, _d)                   \
     DEFINE_PROP_SIGNED(_n, _s, _f, _d, qdev_prop_pci_devfn, int32_t)
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ extern const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_iothread_vq_mapping_list;
     DEFINE_PROP(_name, _state, _field, qdev_prop_iothread_vq_mapping_list, \
                 IOThreadVirtQueueMappingList *)
 
+#define DEFINE_PROP_VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK_VARIANT(_n, _s, _f, _d) \
+    DEFINE_PROP_SIGNED(_n, _s, _f, _d, qdev_prop_vmapple_virtio_blk_variant, \
+                       VMAppleVirtioBlkVariant)
+
 #endif
diff --git a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
+++ b/include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #include "qapi/qapi-types-virtio.h"
 
 #define TYPE_VIRTIO_BLK "virtio-blk-device"
-OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(VirtIOBlock, VIRTIO_BLK)
+OBJECT_DECLARE_TYPE(VirtIOBlock, VirtIOBlkClass, VIRTIO_BLK)
 
 /* This is the last element of the write scatter-gather list */
 struct virtio_blk_inhdr
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ typedef struct MultiReqBuffer {
     bool is_write;
 } MultiReqBuffer;
 
+typedef struct VirtIOBlkClass {
+    /*< private >*/
+    VirtioDeviceClass parent;
+    /*< public >*/
+    bool (*handle_unknown_request)(VirtIOBlockReq *req, MultiReqBuffer *mrb,
+                                   uint32_t type);
+} VirtIOBlkClass;
+
 void virtio_blk_handle_vq(VirtIOBlock *s, VirtQueue *vq);
+void virtio_blk_free_request(VirtIOBlockReq *req);
+void virtio_blk_req_complete(VirtIOBlockReq *req, unsigned char status);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h b/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
+++ b/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 
 #define TYPE_VMAPPLE_CFG "vmapple-cfg"
 
+#define TYPE_VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK_PCI "vmapple-virtio-blk-pci"
+
 #endif /* HW_VMAPPLE_VMAPPLE_H */
diff --git a/qapi/virtio.json b/qapi/virtio.json
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/qapi/virtio.json
+++ b/qapi/virtio.json
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 ##
 { 'enum': 'GranuleMode',
   'data': [ '4k', '8k', '16k', '64k', 'host' ] }
+
+##
+# @VMAppleVirtioBlkVariant:
+#
+# @unspecified: The default, not a valid setting.
+#
+# @root: Block device holding the root volume
+#
+# @aux: Block device holding auxiliary data required for boot
+#
+# Since: 9.2
+##
+{ 'enum': 'VMAppleVirtioBlkVariant',
+  'data': [ 'unspecified', 'root', 'aux' ] }
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

The virtio_blk_free_request() function has been a 1-liner forwarding
to g_free() for a while now. We may as well call g_free on the request
pointer directly.

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c          | 43 +++++++++++++++-------------------
 hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c        |  2 +-
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h |  1 -
 3 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

Apple defines a new "vmapple" machine type as part of its proprietary
macOS Virtualization.Framework vmm. This machine type is similar to the
virt one, but with subtle differences in base devices, a few special
vmapple device additions and a vastly different boot chain.

This patch reimplements this machine type in QEMU. To use it, you
have to have a readily installed version of macOS for VMApple,
run on macOS with -accel hvf, pass the Virtualization.Framework
boot rom (AVPBooter) in via -bios, pass the aux and root volume as pflash
and pass aux and root volume as virtio drives. In addition, you also
need to find the machine UUID and pass that as -M vmapple,uuid= parameter:

$ qemu-system-aarch64 -accel hvf -M vmapple,uuid=0x1234 -m 4G \
    -bios /System/Library/Frameworks/Virtualization.framework/Versions/A/Resources/AVPBooter.vmapple2.bin
    -drive file=aux,if=pflash,format=raw \
    -drive file=root,if=pflash,format=raw \
    -drive file=aux,if=none,id=aux,format=raw \
    -device vmapple-virtio-aux,drive=aux \
    -drive file=root,if=none,id=root,format=raw \
    -device vmapple-virtio-root,drive=root

With all these in place, you should be able to see macOS booting
successfully.

Known issues:
 - Keyboard and mouse/tablet input is laggy. The reason for this is
   either that macOS's XHCI driver is broken when the device/platform
   does not support MSI/MSI-X, or there's some unfortunate interplay
   with Qemu's XHCI implementation in this scenario.
 - Currently only macOS 12 guests are supported. The boot process for
   13+ will need further investigation and adjustment.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Co-authored-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
---

v3:
 * Rebased on latest upstream, updated affinity and NIC creation
   API usage
 * Included Apple-variant virtio-blk in build dependency
 * Updated API usage for setting 'redist-region-count' array-typed property on GIC.
 * Switched from virtio HID devices (for which macOS 12 does not contain
   drivers) to an XHCI USB controller and USB HID devices.

v4:
 * Fixups for v4 changes to the other patches in the set.
 * Corrected the assert macro to use
 * Removed superfluous endian conversions corresponding to cfg's.
 * Init error handling improvement.
 * No need to select CPU type on TCG, as only HVF is supported.
 * Machine type version bumped to 9.2
 * #include order improved

v5:
 * Fixed memory reservation for ecam alias region.
 * Better error handling setting properties on devices.
 * Simplified the machine ECID/UUID extraction script and actually created a
   file for it rather than quoting its code in documentation.

v7:
 * Tiny error handling fix, un-inlined function.

v8:
 * Use object_property_add_uint64_ptr rather than defining custom UUID
   property get/set functions.

v9:
 * Documentation improvements
 * Fixed variable name and struct field used during pvpanic device creation.

v10:
 * Documentation fixup for changed virtio-blk device type.
 * Small improvements to shell commands in documentation.
 * Improved propagation of errors during cfg device instantiation.

MAINTAINERS                 |   1 +
 contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh     |   9 +
 docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst |  63 ++++
 docs/system/target-arm.rst  |   1 +
 hw/vmapple/Kconfig          |  20 ++
 hw/vmapple/meson.build      |   1 +
 hw/vmapple/vmapple.c        | 646 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 741 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh
 create mode 100644 docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/vmapple.c

diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ R: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 S: Maintained
 F: hw/vmapple/*
 F: include/hw/vmapple/*
+F: docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst
 
 Subsystems
 ----------
diff --git a/contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh b/contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh
new file mode 100755
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Used for converting a guest provisioned using Virtualization.framework
+# for use with the QEMU 'vmapple' aarch64 machine type.
+#
+# Extracts the Machine UUID from Virtualization.framework VM JSON file.
+# (as produced by 'macosvm', passed as command line argument)
+
+plutil -extract machineId raw "$1" | base64 -d | plutil -extract ECID raw -
+
diff --git a/docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst b/docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+VMApple machine emulation
+========================================================================================
+
+VMApple is the device model that the macOS built-in hypervisor called "Virtualization.framework"
+exposes to Apple Silicon macOS guests. The "vmapple" machine model in QEMU implements the same
+device model, but does not use any code from Virtualization.Framework.
+
+Prerequisites
+-------------
+
+To run the vmapple machine model, you need to
+
+ * Run on Apple Silicon
+ * Run on macOS 12.0 or above
+ * Have an already installed copy of a Virtualization.Framework macOS 12 virtual
+   machine. Note that newer versions than 12.x are currently NOT supported on
+   the guest side. I will assume that you installed it using the
+   `macosvm <https://github.com/s-u/macosvm>` CLI.
+
+First, we need to extract the UUID from the virtual machine that you installed. You can do this
+by running the shell script in contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh on the macosvm.json file.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+  :caption: uuid.sh script to extract the UUID from a macosvm.json file
+
+  $ contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh "path/to/macosvm.json"
+
+Now we also need to trim the aux partition. It contains metadata that we can just discard:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+  :caption: Command to trim the aux file
+
+  $ dd if="aux.img" of="aux.img.trimmed" bs=$(( 0x4000 )) skip=1
+
+How to run
+----------
+
+Then, we can launch QEMU with the Virtualization.Framework pre-boot environment and the readily
+installed target disk images. I recommend to port forward the VM's ssh and vnc ports to the host
+to get better interactive access into the target system:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+  :caption: Example execution command line
+
+  $ UUID=$(contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh macosvm.json)
+  $ AVPBOOTER=/System/Library/Frameworks/Virtualization.framework/Resources/AVPBooter.vmapple2.bin
+  $ AUX="aux.img.trimmed"
+  $ DISK=disk.img
+  $ qemu-system-aarch64 \
+       -serial mon:stdio \
+       -m 4G \
+       -accel hvf \
+       -M vmapple,uuid="$UUID" \
+       -bios "$AVPBOOTER" \
+       -drive file="$AUX",if=pflash,format=raw \
+       -drive file="$DISK",if=pflash,format=raw \
+       -drive file="$AUX",if=none,id=aux,format=raw \
+       -drive file="$DISK",if=none,id=root,format=raw \
+       -device vmapple-virtio-blk-pci,variant=aux,drive=aux \
+       -device vmapple-virtio-blk-pci,variant=root,drive=root \
+       -netdev user,id=net0,ipv6=off,hostfwd=tcp::2222-:22,hostfwd=tcp::5901-:5900 \
+       -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0
+
diff --git a/docs/system/target-arm.rst b/docs/system/target-arm.rst
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/docs/system/target-arm.rst
+++ b/docs/system/target-arm.rst
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ Board-specific documentation
    arm/stellaris
    arm/stm32
    arm/virt
+   arm/vmapple
    arm/xenpvh
    arm/xlnx-versal-virt
    arm/xlnx-zynq
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ config VMAPPLE_CFG
 config VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK
     bool
 
+config VMAPPLE
+    bool
+    depends on ARM
+    depends on HVF
+    default y if ARM
+    imply PCI_DEVICES
+    select ARM_GIC
+    select PLATFORM_BUS
+    select PCI_EXPRESS
+    select PCI_EXPRESS_GENERIC_BRIDGE
+    select PL011 # UART
+    select PL031 # RTC
+    select PL061 # GPIO
+    select GPIO_PWR
+    select PVPANIC_MMIO
+    select VMAPPLE_AES
+    select VMAPPLE_BDIF
+    select VMAPPLE_CFG
+    select MAC_PVG_MMIO
+    select VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/meson.build b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/meson.build
+++ b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_AES',  if_true: files('aes.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_BDIF', if_true: files('bdif.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_CFG',  if_true: files('cfg.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK',  if_true: files('virtio-blk.c'))
+specific_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE',     if_true: files('vmapple.c'))
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/vmapple.c b/hw/vmapple/vmapple.c
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/vmapple/vmapple.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * VMApple machine emulation
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ *
+ * VMApple is the device model that the macOS built-in hypervisor called
+ * "Virtualization.framework" exposes to Apple Silicon macOS guests. The
+ * machine model in this file implements the same device model in QEMU, but
+ * does not use any code from Virtualization.Framework.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "qemu/bitops.h"
+#include "qemu/datadir.h"
+#include "qemu/error-report.h"
+#include "qemu/guest-random.h"
+#include "qemu/help-texts.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qemu/module.h"
+#include "qemu/option.h"
+#include "qemu/units.h"
+#include "monitor/qdev.h"
+#include "hw/boards.h"
+#include "hw/irq.h"
+#include "hw/loader.h"
+#include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "hw/usb.h"
+#include "hw/arm/boot.h"
+#include "hw/arm/primecell.h"
+#include "hw/char/pl011.h"
+#include "hw/intc/arm_gic.h"
+#include "hw/intc/arm_gicv3_common.h"
+#include "hw/misc/pvpanic.h"
+#include "hw/pci-host/gpex.h"
+#include "hw/usb/xhci.h"
+#include "hw/virtio/virtio-pci.h"
+#include "hw/vmapple/vmapple.h"
+#include "net/net.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qlist.h"
+#include "qapi/visitor.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-common.h"
+#include "standard-headers/linux/input.h"
+#include "sysemu/hvf.h"
+#include "sysemu/kvm.h"
+#include "sysemu/reset.h"
+#include "sysemu/runstate.h"
+#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
+#include "target/arm/internals.h"
+#include "target/arm/kvm_arm.h"
+
+struct VMAppleMachineClass {
+    MachineClass parent;
+};
+
+struct VMAppleMachineState {
+    MachineState parent;
+
+    Notifier machine_done;
+    struct arm_boot_info bootinfo;
+    MemMapEntry *memmap;
+    const int *irqmap;
+    DeviceState *gic;
+    DeviceState *cfg;
+    DeviceState *pvpanic;
+    Notifier powerdown_notifier;
+    PCIBus *bus;
+    MemoryRegion fw_mr;
+    MemoryRegion ecam_alias;
+    uint64_t uuid;
+};
+
+#define DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_LATEST(major, minor, latest) \
+    static void vmapple##major##_##minor##_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, \
+                                                    void *data) \
+    { \
+        MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc); \
+        vmapple_machine_##major##_##minor##_options(mc); \
+        mc->desc = "QEMU " # major "." # minor " Apple Virtual Machine"; \
+        if (latest) { \
+            mc->alias = "vmapple"; \
+        } \
+    } \
+    static const TypeInfo machvmapple##major##_##minor##_info = { \
+        .name = MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("vmapple-" # major "." # minor), \
+        .parent = TYPE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE, \
+        .class_init = vmapple##major##_##minor##_class_init, \
+    }; \
+    static void machvmapple_machine_##major##_##minor##_init(void) \
+    { \
+        type_register_static(&machvmapple##major##_##minor##_info); \
+    } \
+    type_init(machvmapple_machine_##major##_##minor##_init);
+
+#define DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_AS_LATEST(major, minor) \
+    DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_LATEST(major, minor, true)
+#define DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE(major, minor) \
+    DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_LATEST(major, minor, false)
+
+#define TYPE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE   MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("vmapple")
+OBJECT_DECLARE_TYPE(VMAppleMachineState, VMAppleMachineClass, VMAPPLE_MACHINE)
+
+/* Number of external interrupt lines to configure the GIC with */
+#define NUM_IRQS 256
+
+enum {
+    VMAPPLE_FIRMWARE,
+    VMAPPLE_CONFIG,
+    VMAPPLE_MEM,
+    VMAPPLE_GIC_DIST,
+    VMAPPLE_GIC_REDIST,
+    VMAPPLE_UART,
+    VMAPPLE_RTC,
+    VMAPPLE_PCIE,
+    VMAPPLE_PCIE_MMIO,
+    VMAPPLE_PCIE_ECAM,
+    VMAPPLE_GPIO,
+    VMAPPLE_PVPANIC,
+    VMAPPLE_APV_GFX,
+    VMAPPLE_APV_IOSFC,
+    VMAPPLE_AES_1,
+    VMAPPLE_AES_2,
+    VMAPPLE_BDOOR,
+    VMAPPLE_MEMMAP_LAST,
+};
+
+static MemMapEntry memmap[] = {
+    [VMAPPLE_FIRMWARE] =           { 0x00100000, 0x00100000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_CONFIG] =             { 0x00400000, 0x00010000 },
+
+    [VMAPPLE_GIC_DIST] =           { 0x10000000, 0x00010000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_GIC_REDIST] =         { 0x10010000, 0x00400000 },
+
+    [VMAPPLE_UART] =               { 0x20010000, 0x00010000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_RTC] =                { 0x20050000, 0x00001000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_GPIO] =               { 0x20060000, 0x00001000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_PVPANIC] =            { 0x20070000, 0x00000002 },
+    [VMAPPLE_BDOOR] =              { 0x30000000, 0x00200000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_APV_GFX] =            { 0x30200000, 0x00010000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_APV_IOSFC] =          { 0x30210000, 0x00010000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_AES_1] =              { 0x30220000, 0x00004000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_AES_2] =              { 0x30230000, 0x00004000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_PCIE_ECAM] =          { 0x40000000, 0x10000000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_PCIE_MMIO] =          { 0x50000000, 0x1fff0000 },
+
+    /* Actual RAM size depends on configuration */
+    [VMAPPLE_MEM] =                { 0x70000000ULL, GiB},
+};
+
+static const int irqmap[] = {
+    [VMAPPLE_UART] = 1,
+    [VMAPPLE_RTC] = 2,
+    [VMAPPLE_GPIO] = 0x5,
+    [VMAPPLE_APV_IOSFC] = 0x10,
+    [VMAPPLE_APV_GFX] = 0x11,
+    [VMAPPLE_AES_1] = 0x12,
+    [VMAPPLE_PCIE] = 0x20,
+};
+
+#define GPEX_NUM_IRQS 16
+
+static void create_bdif(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    DeviceState *bdif;
+    SysBusDevice *bdif_sb;
+    DriveInfo *di_aux = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, 0);
+    DriveInfo *di_root = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, 1);
+
+    if (!di_aux) {
+        error_report("No AUX device. Please specify one as pflash drive.");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if (!di_root) {
+        /* Fall back to the first IF_VIRTIO device as root device */
+        di_root = drive_get(IF_VIRTIO, 0, 0);
+    }
+
+    if (!di_root) {
+        error_report("No root device. Please specify one as virtio drive.");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    /* PV backdoor device */
+    bdif = qdev_new(TYPE_VMAPPLE_BDIF);
+    bdif_sb = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(bdif);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(bdif_sb, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_BDOOR].base);
+
+    qdev_prop_set_drive(DEVICE(bdif), "aux", blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di_aux));
+    qdev_prop_set_drive(DEVICE(bdif), "root", blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di_root));
+
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(bdif_sb, &error_fatal);
+}
+
+static void create_pvpanic(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    SysBusDevice *pvpanic;
+
+    vms->pvpanic = qdev_new(TYPE_PVPANIC_MMIO_DEVICE);
+    pvpanic = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(vms->pvpanic);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(pvpanic, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_PVPANIC].base);
+
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(pvpanic, &error_fatal);
+}
+
+static bool create_cfg(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem,
+                       Error **errp)
+{
+    ERRP_GUARD();
+    SysBusDevice *cfg;
+    MachineState *machine = MACHINE(vms);
+    uint32_t rnd = 1;
+
+    vms->cfg = qdev_new(TYPE_VMAPPLE_CFG);
+    cfg = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(vms->cfg);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(cfg, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_CONFIG].base);
+
+    qemu_guest_getrandom_nofail(&rnd, sizeof(rnd));
+
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->cfg, "nr-cpus", machine->smp.cpus);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint64(vms->cfg, "ecid", vms->uuid);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint64(vms->cfg, "ram-size", machine->ram_size);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->cfg, "rnd", rnd);
+
+    if (!sysbus_realize_and_unref(cfg, errp)) {
+        error_prepend(errp, "Error creating vmapple cfg device: ");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void create_gfx(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    int irq_gfx = vms->irqmap[VMAPPLE_APV_GFX];
+    int irq_iosfc = vms->irqmap[VMAPPLE_APV_IOSFC];
+    SysBusDevice *gfx;
+
+    gfx = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(qdev_new("apple-gfx-mmio"));
+    sysbus_mmio_map(gfx, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_APV_GFX].base);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(gfx, 1, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_APV_IOSFC].base);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(gfx, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq_gfx));
+    sysbus_connect_irq(gfx, 1, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq_iosfc));
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(gfx, &error_fatal);
+}
+
+static void create_aes(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    int irq = vms->irqmap[VMAPPLE_AES_1];
+    SysBusDevice *aes;
+
+    aes = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(qdev_new(TYPE_APPLE_AES));
+    sysbus_mmio_map(aes, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_AES_1].base);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(aes, 1, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_AES_2].base);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(aes, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(aes, &error_fatal);
+}
+
+static int arm_gic_ppi_index(int cpu_nr, int ppi_index)
+{
+    return NUM_IRQS + cpu_nr * GIC_INTERNAL + ppi_index;
+}
+
+static void create_gic(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
+    /* We create a standalone GIC */
+    SysBusDevice *gicbusdev;
+    QList *redist_region_count;
+    int i;
+    unsigned int smp_cpus = ms->smp.cpus;
+
+    vms->gic = qdev_new(gicv3_class_name());
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "revision", 3);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "num-cpu", smp_cpus);
+    /*
+     * Note that the num-irq property counts both internal and external
+     * interrupts; there are always 32 of the former (mandated by GIC spec).
+     */
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "num-irq", NUM_IRQS + 32);
+
+    uint32_t redist0_capacity =
+                vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_GIC_REDIST].size / GICV3_REDIST_SIZE;
+    uint32_t redist0_count = MIN(smp_cpus, redist0_capacity);
+
+    redist_region_count = qlist_new();
+    qlist_append_int(redist_region_count, redist0_count);
+    qdev_prop_set_array(vms->gic, "redist-region-count", redist_region_count);
+
+    gicbusdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(vms->gic);
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(gicbusdev, &error_fatal);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_GIC_DIST].base);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 1, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_GIC_REDIST].base);
+
+    /*
+     * Wire the outputs from each CPU's generic timer and the GICv3
+     * maintenance interrupt signal to the appropriate GIC PPI inputs,
+     * and the GIC's IRQ/FIQ/VIRQ/VFIQ interrupt outputs to the CPU's inputs.
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i < smp_cpus; i++) {
+        DeviceState *cpudev = DEVICE(qemu_get_cpu(i));
+
+        /* Map the virt timer to PPI 27 */
+        qdev_connect_gpio_out(cpudev, GTIMER_VIRT,
+                              qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic,
+                                               arm_gic_ppi_index(i, 27)));
+
+        /* Map the GIC IRQ and FIQ lines to CPU */
+        sysbus_connect_irq(gicbusdev, i, qdev_get_gpio_in(cpudev, ARM_CPU_IRQ));
+        sysbus_connect_irq(gicbusdev, i + smp_cpus,
+                           qdev_get_gpio_in(cpudev, ARM_CPU_FIQ));
+    }
+}
+
+static void create_uart(const VMAppleMachineState *vms, int uart,
+                        MemoryRegion *mem, Chardev *chr)
+{
+    hwaddr base = vms->memmap[uart].base;
+    int irq = vms->irqmap[uart];
+    DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PL011);
+    SysBusDevice *s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
+
+    qdev_prop_set_chr(dev, "chardev", chr);
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
+    memory_region_add_subregion(mem, base,
+                                sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 0));
+    sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
+}
+
+static void create_rtc(const VMAppleMachineState *vms)
+{
+    hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_RTC].base;
+    int irq = vms->irqmap[VMAPPLE_RTC];
+
+    sysbus_create_simple("pl031", base, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
+}
+
+static DeviceState *gpio_key_dev;
+static void vmapple_powerdown_req(Notifier *n, void *opaque)
+{
+    /* use gpio Pin 3 for power button event */
+    qemu_set_irq(qdev_get_gpio_in(gpio_key_dev, 0), 1);
+}
+
+static void create_gpio_devices(const VMAppleMachineState *vms, int gpio,
+                                MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    DeviceState *pl061_dev;
+    hwaddr base = vms->memmap[gpio].base;
+    int irq = vms->irqmap[gpio];
+    SysBusDevice *s;
+
+    pl061_dev = qdev_new("pl061");
+    /* Pull lines down to 0 if not driven by the PL061 */
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(pl061_dev, "pullups", 0);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(pl061_dev, "pulldowns", 0xff);
+    s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pl061_dev);
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
+    memory_region_add_subregion(mem, base, sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 0));
+    sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
+    gpio_key_dev = sysbus_create_simple("gpio-key", -1,
+                                        qdev_get_gpio_in(pl061_dev, 3));
+}
+
+static void vmapple_firmware_init(VMAppleMachineState *vms,
+                                  MemoryRegion *sysmem)
+{
+    hwaddr size = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_FIRMWARE].size;
+    hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_FIRMWARE].base;
+    const char *bios_name;
+    int image_size;
+    char *fname;
+
+    bios_name = MACHINE(vms)->firmware;
+    if (!bios_name) {
+        error_report("No firmware specified");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    fname = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
+    if (!fname) {
+        error_report("Could not find ROM image '%s'", bios_name);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    memory_region_init_ram(&vms->fw_mr, NULL, "firmware", size, &error_fatal);
+    image_size = load_image_mr(fname, &vms->fw_mr);
+
+    g_free(fname);
+    if (image_size < 0) {
+        error_report("Could not load ROM image '%s'", bios_name);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), base, &vms->fw_mr);
+}
+
+static void create_pcie(VMAppleMachineState *vms)
+{
+    hwaddr base_mmio = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_PCIE_MMIO].base;
+    hwaddr size_mmio = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_PCIE_MMIO].size;
+    hwaddr base_ecam = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_PCIE_ECAM].base;
+    hwaddr size_ecam = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_PCIE_ECAM].size;
+    int irq = vms->irqmap[VMAPPLE_PCIE];
+    MemoryRegion *mmio_alias;
+    MemoryRegion *mmio_reg;
+    MemoryRegion *ecam_reg;
+    DeviceState *dev;
+    int i;
+    PCIHostState *pci;
+    DeviceState *usb_controller;
+    USBBus *usb_bus;
+
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_GPEX_HOST);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-irqs", GPEX_NUM_IRQS);
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
+
+    /* Map only the first size_ecam bytes of ECAM space */
+    ecam_reg = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0);
+    memory_region_init_alias(&vms->ecam_alias, OBJECT(dev), "pcie-ecam",
+                             ecam_reg, 0, size_ecam);
+    memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), base_ecam,
+                                &vms->ecam_alias);
+
+    /*
+     * Map the MMIO window from [0x50000000-0x7fff0000] in PCI space into
+     * system address space at [0x50000000-0x7fff0000].
+     */
+    mmio_alias = g_new0(MemoryRegion, 1);
+    mmio_reg = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 1);
+    memory_region_init_alias(mmio_alias, OBJECT(dev), "pcie-mmio",
+                             mmio_reg, base_mmio, size_mmio);
+    memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), base_mmio, mmio_alias);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+        sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
+                           qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq + i));
+        gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(dev), i, irq + i);
+    }
+
+    pci = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
+    vms->bus = pci->bus;
+    g_assert(vms->bus);
+
+    while ((dev = qemu_create_nic_device("virtio-net-pci", true, NULL))) {
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, BUS(vms->bus), &error_fatal);
+    }
+
+    usb_controller = qdev_new(TYPE_QEMU_XHCI);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(usb_controller, BUS(pci->bus), &error_fatal);
+
+    usb_bus = USB_BUS(object_resolve_type_unambiguous(TYPE_USB_BUS,
+                                                      &error_fatal));
+    usb_create_simple(usb_bus, "usb-kbd");
+    usb_create_simple(usb_bus, "usb-tablet");
+}
+
+static void vmapple_reset(void *opaque)
+{
+    VMAppleMachineState *vms = opaque;
+    hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_FIRMWARE].base;
+
+    cpu_set_pc(first_cpu, base);
+}
+
+static void mach_vmapple_init(MachineState *machine)
+{
+    VMAppleMachineState *vms = VMAPPLE_MACHINE(machine);
+    MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
+    const CPUArchIdList *possible_cpus;
+    MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
+    int n;
+    unsigned int smp_cpus = machine->smp.cpus;
+    unsigned int max_cpus = machine->smp.max_cpus;
+
+    vms->memmap = memmap;
+    machine->usb = true;
+
+    possible_cpus = mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids(machine);
+    assert(possible_cpus->len == max_cpus);
+    for (n = 0; n < possible_cpus->len; n++) {
+        Object *cpu;
+        CPUState *cs;
+
+        if (n >= smp_cpus) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        cpu = object_new(possible_cpus->cpus[n].type);
+        object_property_set_int(cpu, "mp-affinity",
+                                possible_cpus->cpus[n].arch_id, &error_fatal);
+
+        cs = CPU(cpu);
+        cs->cpu_index = n;
+
+        numa_cpu_pre_plug(&possible_cpus->cpus[cs->cpu_index], DEVICE(cpu),
+                          &error_fatal);
+
+        if (object_property_find(cpu, "has_el3")) {
+            object_property_set_bool(cpu, "has_el3", false, &error_fatal);
+        }
+        if (object_property_find(cpu, "has_el2")) {
+            object_property_set_bool(cpu, "has_el2", false, &error_fatal);
+        }
+        object_property_set_int(cpu, "psci-conduit", QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_HVC,
+                                &error_fatal);
+
+        /* Secondary CPUs start in PSCI powered-down state */
+        if (n > 0) {
+            object_property_set_bool(cpu, "start-powered-off", true,
+                                     &error_fatal);
+        }
+
+        object_property_set_link(cpu, "memory", OBJECT(sysmem), &error_abort);
+        qdev_realize(DEVICE(cpu), NULL, &error_fatal);
+        object_unref(cpu);
+    }
+
+    memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_MEM].base,
+                                machine->ram);
+
+    create_gic(vms, sysmem);
+    create_bdif(vms, sysmem);
+    create_pvpanic(vms, sysmem);
+    create_aes(vms, sysmem);
+    create_gfx(vms, sysmem);
+    create_uart(vms, VMAPPLE_UART, sysmem, serial_hd(0));
+    create_rtc(vms);
+    create_pcie(vms);
+
+    create_gpio_devices(vms, VMAPPLE_GPIO, sysmem);
+
+    vmapple_firmware_init(vms, sysmem);
+    create_cfg(vms, sysmem, &error_fatal);
+
+    /* connect powerdown request */
+    vms->powerdown_notifier.notify = vmapple_powerdown_req;
+    qemu_register_powerdown_notifier(&vms->powerdown_notifier);
+
+    vms->bootinfo.ram_size = machine->ram_size;
+    vms->bootinfo.board_id = -1;
+    vms->bootinfo.loader_start = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_MEM].base;
+    vms->bootinfo.skip_dtb_autoload = true;
+    vms->bootinfo.firmware_loaded = true;
+    arm_load_kernel(ARM_CPU(first_cpu), machine, &vms->bootinfo);
+
+    qemu_register_reset(vmapple_reset, vms);
+}
+
+static CpuInstanceProperties
+vmapple_cpu_index_to_props(MachineState *ms, unsigned cpu_index)
+{
+    MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(ms);
+    const CPUArchIdList *possible_cpus = mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids(ms);
+
+    assert(cpu_index < possible_cpus->len);
+    return possible_cpus->cpus[cpu_index].props;
+}
+
+
+static int64_t vmapple_get_default_cpu_node_id(const MachineState *ms, int idx)
+{
+    return idx % ms->numa_state->num_nodes;
+}
+
+static const CPUArchIdList *vmapple_possible_cpu_arch_ids(MachineState *ms)
+{
+    int n;
+    unsigned int max_cpus = ms->smp.max_cpus;
+
+    if (ms->possible_cpus) {
+        assert(ms->possible_cpus->len == max_cpus);
+        return ms->possible_cpus;
+    }
+
+    ms->possible_cpus = g_malloc0(sizeof(CPUArchIdList) +
+                                  sizeof(CPUArchId) * max_cpus);
+    ms->possible_cpus->len = max_cpus;
+    for (n = 0; n < ms->possible_cpus->len; n++) {
+        ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].type = ms->cpu_type;
+        ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].arch_id =
+            arm_build_mp_affinity(n, GICV3_TARGETLIST_BITS);
+        ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.has_thread_id = true;
+        ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.thread_id = n;
+    }
+    return ms->possible_cpus;
+}
+
+static void vmapple_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
+{
+    MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
+
+    mc->init = mach_vmapple_init;
+    mc->max_cpus = 32;
+    mc->block_default_type = IF_VIRTIO;
+    mc->no_cdrom = 1;
+    mc->pci_allow_0_address = true;
+    mc->minimum_page_bits = 12;
+    mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids = vmapple_possible_cpu_arch_ids;
+    mc->cpu_index_to_instance_props = vmapple_cpu_index_to_props;
+    mc->default_cpu_type = ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("host");
+    mc->get_default_cpu_node_id = vmapple_get_default_cpu_node_id;
+    mc->default_ram_id = "mach-vmapple.ram";
+
+    object_register_sugar_prop(TYPE_VIRTIO_PCI, "disable-legacy",
+                               "on", true);
+}
+
+static void vmapple_instance_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    VMAppleMachineState *vms = VMAPPLE_MACHINE(obj);
+
+    vms->irqmap = irqmap;
+
+    object_property_add_uint64_ptr(obj, "uuid", &vms->uuid,
+                                   OBJ_PROP_FLAG_READWRITE);
+    object_property_set_description(obj, "uuid", "Machine UUID (SDOM)");
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo vmapple_machine_info = {
+    .name          = TYPE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE,
+    .parent        = TYPE_MACHINE,
+    .abstract      = true,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(VMAppleMachineState),
+    .class_size    = sizeof(VMAppleMachineClass),
+    .class_init    = vmapple_machine_class_init,
+    .instance_init = vmapple_instance_init,
+};
+
+static void machvmapple_machine_init(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&vmapple_machine_info);
+}
+type_init(machvmapple_machine_init);
+
+static void vmapple_machine_9_2_options(MachineClass *mc)
+{
+}
+DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_AS_LATEST(9, 2)
+
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)

There are currently a few limitations to this which aren't intrinsic,
just imperfect emulation of the VZF, but it's good enough to be just
about usable for some purposes:

* macOS 12 guests only. Versions 13+ currently fail during early boot.
 * macOS 11+ arm64 hosts only, with hvf accel. (Perhaps some differences
   between Apple M series CPUs and TCG's aarch64 implementation? macOS
   hosts only because ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework is a black box
   implementing most of the logic behind the apple-gfx device.)
 * PCI devices use legacy IRQs, not MSI/MSI-X. As far as I can tell,
   we'd need to include the GICv3 ITS, but it's unclear to me what
   exactly needs wiring up.
 * Due to a quirk (bug?) in the macOS XHCI driver when MSI-X is not
   available, correct functioning of the USB controller (and thus
   keyboard/tablet) requires a small workaround in the XHCI controller
   device. This is part of another patch series:
   https://patchew.org/QEMU/20241208191646.64857-1-phil@philjordan.eu/
 * The guest OS must first be provisioned using Virtualization.framework;
   the disk images can subsequently be used in Qemu. (See docs.)

Some of my part of this work has been sponsored by Sauce Labs Inc.

---

v2 -> v3:

v3 -> v4:

v4 -> v5:

v5 -> v6:

v6 -> v7:

v7 -> v8:

v8 -> v9:

v9 -> v10:

v10 -> v11:

* 01/15 (ui & main loop): Simplified main.c, better comments & commit message
 * 02/15 (apple-gfx): Give each PV display instance a unique serial number.
 * 02 & 03/15 (apple-gfx, -pci): Formatting/style tweaks
 * 15/15 (vmapple machine type): Improvements to shell code in docs

v11 -> v12:

* 01/15 (ui & main loop): More precise wording of code comments.
 * 02/15 (apple-gfx): Fixed memory management regressions introduced in v10;
   improved error handling; various more conmetic code adjustments
 * 09/15 (GPEX): Fixed uses of deleted GPEX_NUM_IRQS constant that have been
   added to QEMU since this patch was originally written.

v12 -> v13

* 15/15 (vmapple machine type): Bumped the machine type version from 9.2
   to 10.0.
 * All patches in the series now have been positively reviewed and received
   corresponding reviewed-by tags.

MAINTAINERS                         |  15 +
 contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh             |   9 +
 docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst         |  63 ++
 docs/system/target-arm.rst          |   1 +
 hw/Kconfig                          |   1 +
 hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c                   |   2 +-
 hw/arm/virt.c                       |   2 +-
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c               |  58 +-
 hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c    |   8 +
 hw/display/Kconfig                  |  13 +
 hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m         | 289 +++++++++
 hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m          | 157 +++++
 hw/display/apple-gfx.h              |  77 +++
 hw/display/apple-gfx.m              | 880 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/display/meson.build              |   7 +
 hw/display/trace-events             |  30 +
 hw/i386/microvm.c                   |   2 +-
 hw/loongarch/virt.c                 |  12 +-
 hw/meson.build                      |   1 +
 hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c            |   2 +-
 hw/misc/Kconfig                     |   4 +
 hw/misc/meson.build                 |   1 +
 hw/misc/pvpanic-mmio.c              |  61 ++
 hw/openrisc/virt.c                  |  12 +-
 hw/pci-host/gpex.c                  |  43 +-
 hw/riscv/virt.c                     |  12 +-
 hw/vmapple/Kconfig                  |  32 +
 hw/vmapple/aes.c                    | 581 ++++++++++++++++++
 hw/vmapple/bdif.c                   | 275 +++++++++
 hw/vmapple/cfg.c                    | 196 +++++++
 hw/vmapple/meson.build              |   5 +
 hw/vmapple/trace-events             |  21 +
 hw/vmapple/trace.h                  |   1 +
 hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c             | 205 +++++++
 hw/vmapple/vmapple.c                | 646 ++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/xen/xen-pvh-common.c             |   2 +-
 hw/xtensa/virt.c                    |   2 +-
 include/hw/misc/pvpanic.h           |   1 +
 include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h          |   7 +-
 include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h            |   1 +
 include/hw/qdev-properties-system.h |   5 +
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h      |  11 +-
 include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h        |  23 +
 include/qemu-main.h                 |  14 +-
 include/qemu/cutils.h               |  15 +
 meson.build                         |   5 +
 qapi/virtio.json                    |  14 +
 system/main.c                       |  37 +-
 target/arm/hvf/hvf.c                |   9 +
 ui/cocoa.m                          |  54 +-
 ui/gtk.c                            |   4 +
 ui/sdl2.c                           |   4 +
 util/hexdump.c                      |  18 +
 53 files changed, 3840 insertions(+), 110 deletions(-)
 create mode 100755 contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh
 create mode 100644 docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx.h
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx.m
 create mode 100644 hw/misc/pvpanic-mmio.c
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/Kconfig
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/aes.c
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/bdif.c
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/cfg.c
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/meson.build
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/trace-events
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/trace.h
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/vmapple.c
 create mode 100644 include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h

-- 
2.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

This change tidies up main thread management to be more flexible.

Implementing this via a global function pointer variable is a bit
ugly, but it's probably worth investigating the existing UI thread rule
violations in the SDL (e.g. #2537) and GTK+ back-ends. Fixing those
issues might precipitate requirements similar but not identical to those
of the Cocoa UI; hopefully we'll see some kind of pattern emerge, which
can then be used as a basis for an overhaul. (In fact, it may turn
out to be simplest to split the UI/native platform event thread from the
QEMU main event loop on all platforms, with any UI or even none at all.)

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---

v5:

* Simplified the way of setting/clearing the main loop by going back
   to setting qemu_main directly, but narrowing the scope of what it
   needs to do, and it can now be NULL.

v6:

* Folded function qemu_run_default_main_on_new_thread's code into
   main()
 * Removed whitespace changes left over on lines near code removed
   between v4 and v5

v9:

* Set qemu_main to NULL for GTK UI as well.

v10:

* Added comments clarifying the functionality and purpose of qemu_main.

v11:

* Removed the qemu_main_fn typedef again.
 * Consolidation of main, qemu_default_main, and call_qemu_default_main
   so that the latter has been eliminated altogether.
 * Reinstated the #include <SDL.h> directive, added comment saying
   why it's needed.
 * Improved the comment on the qemu_main global variable.
 * Expanded the commit message.

v12:

* More precise wording of code comments.

diff --git a/include/qemu-main.h b/include/qemu-main.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/qemu-main.h
+++ b/include/qemu-main.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #ifndef QEMU_MAIN_H
 #define QEMU_MAIN_H
 
-int qemu_default_main(void);
+/*
+ * The function to run on the main (initial) thread of the process.
+ * NULL means QEMU's main event loop.
+ * When non-NULL, QEMU's main event loop will run on a purposely created
+ * thread, after which the provided function pointer will be invoked on
+ * the initial thread.
+ * This is useful on platforms which treat the main thread as special
+ * (macOS/Darwin) and/or require all UI API calls to occur from the main
+ * thread. Those platforms can initialise it to a specific function,
+ * while UI implementations may reset it to NULL during their init if they
+ * will handle system and UI events on the main thread via QEMU's own main
+ * event loop.
+ */
 extern int (*qemu_main)(void);
 
 #endif /* QEMU_MAIN_H */
diff --git a/system/main.c b/system/main.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/system/main.c
+++ b/system/main.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "qemu-main.h"
+#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SDL
+/*
+ * SDL insists on wrapping the main() function with its own implementation on
+ * some platforms; it does so via a macro that renames our main function, so
+ * <SDL.h> must be #included here even with no SDL code called from this file.
+ */
 #include <SDL.h>
 #endif
 
-int qemu_default_main(void)
+#ifdef CONFIG_DARWIN
+#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
+#endif
+
+static void *qemu_default_main(void *opaque)
 {
     int status;
 
+    bql_lock();
     status = qemu_main_loop();
     qemu_cleanup(status);
+    bql_unlock();
 
-    return status;
+    exit(status);
 }
 
-int (*qemu_main)(void) = qemu_default_main;
+int (*qemu_main)(void);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_DARWIN
+static int os_darwin_cfrunloop_main(void)
+{
+    CFRunLoopRun();
+    g_assert_not_reached();
+}
+int (*qemu_main)(void) = os_darwin_cfrunloop_main;
+#endif
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
     qemu_init(argc, argv);
-    return qemu_main();
+    bql_unlock();
+    if (qemu_main) {
+        QemuThread main_loop_thread;
+        qemu_thread_create(&main_loop_thread, "qemu_main",
+                           qemu_default_main, NULL, QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED);
+        return qemu_main();
+    } else {
+        qemu_default_main(NULL);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/ui/cocoa.m b/ui/cocoa.m
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/ui/cocoa.m
+++ b/ui/cocoa.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
     int height;
 } QEMUScreen;
 
+@class QemuCocoaPasteboardTypeOwner;
+
 static void cocoa_update(DisplayChangeListener *dcl,
                          int x, int y, int w, int h);
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void cocoa_switch(DisplayChangeListener *dcl,
 static NSInteger cbchangecount = -1;
 static QemuClipboardInfo *cbinfo;
 static QemuEvent cbevent;
+static QemuCocoaPasteboardTypeOwner *cbowner;
 
 // Utility functions to run specified code block with the BQL held
 typedef void (^CodeBlock)(void);
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ - (void) dealloc
 {
     COCOA_DEBUG("QemuCocoaAppController: dealloc\n");
 
-    if (cocoaView)
-        [cocoaView release];
+    [cocoaView release];
+    [cbowner release];
+    cbowner = nil;
+
     [super dealloc];
 }
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ - (void)pasteboard:(NSPasteboard *)sender provideDataForType:(NSPasteboardType)t
 
 @end
 
-static QemuCocoaPasteboardTypeOwner *cbowner;
-
 static void cocoa_clipboard_notify(Notifier *notifier, void *data);
 static void cocoa_clipboard_request(QemuClipboardInfo *info,
                                     QemuClipboardType type);
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void cocoa_clipboard_request(QemuClipboardInfo *info,
     }
 }
 
-/*
- * The startup process for the OSX/Cocoa UI is complicated, because
- * OSX insists that the UI runs on the initial main thread, and so we
- * need to start a second thread which runs the qemu_default_main():
- * in main():
- *  in cocoa_display_init():
- *   assign cocoa_main to qemu_main
- *   create application, menus, etc
- *  in cocoa_main():
- *   create qemu-main thread
- *   enter OSX run loop
- */
-
-static void *call_qemu_main(void *opaque)
-{
-    int status;
-
-    COCOA_DEBUG("Second thread: calling qemu_default_main()\n");
-    bql_lock();
-    status = qemu_default_main();
-    bql_unlock();
-    COCOA_DEBUG("Second thread: qemu_default_main() returned, exiting\n");
-    [cbowner release];
-    exit(status);
-}
-
 static int cocoa_main(void)
 {
-    QemuThread thread;
-
-    COCOA_DEBUG("Entered %s()\n", __func__);
-
-    bql_unlock();
-    qemu_thread_create(&thread, "qemu_main", call_qemu_main,
-                       NULL, QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED);
-
-    // Start the main event loop
     COCOA_DEBUG("Main thread: entering OSX run loop\n");
     [NSApp run];
     COCOA_DEBUG("Main thread: left OSX run loop, which should never happen\n");
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void cocoa_display_init(DisplayState *ds, DisplayOptions *opts)
 
     COCOA_DEBUG("qemu_cocoa: cocoa_display_init\n");
 
-    qemu_main = cocoa_main;
-
     // Pull this console process up to being a fully-fledged graphical
     // app with a menubar and Dock icon
     ProcessSerialNumber psn = { 0, kCurrentProcess };
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void cocoa_display_init(DisplayState *ds, DisplayOptions *opts)
     qemu_clipboard_peer_register(&cbpeer);
 
     [pool release];
+
+    /*
+     * The Cocoa UI will run the NSApplication runloop on the main thread
+     * rather than the default Core Foundation one.
+     */
+    qemu_main = cocoa_main;
 }
 
 static QemuDisplay qemu_display_cocoa = {
diff --git a/ui/gtk.c b/ui/gtk.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/ui/gtk.c
+++ b/ui/gtk.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
+#include "qemu-main.h"
 
 #include "ui/console.h"
 #include "ui/gtk.h"
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void gtk_display_init(DisplayState *ds, DisplayOptions *opts)
 #ifdef CONFIG_GTK_CLIPBOARD
     gd_clipboard_init(s);
 #endif /* CONFIG_GTK_CLIPBOARD */
+
+    /* GTK's event polling must happen on the main thread. */
+    qemu_main = NULL;
 }
 
 static void early_gtk_display_init(DisplayOptions *opts)
diff --git a/ui/sdl2.c b/ui/sdl2.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/ui/sdl2.c
+++ b/ui/sdl2.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
 #include "ui/win32-kbd-hook.h"
 #include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qemu-main.h"
 
 static int sdl2_num_outputs;
 static struct sdl2_console *sdl2_console;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void sdl2_display_init(DisplayState *ds, DisplayOptions *o)
     }
 
     atexit(sdl_cleanup);
+
+    /* SDL's event polling (in dpy_refresh) must happen on the main thread. */
+    qemu_main = NULL;
 }
 
 static QemuDisplay qemu_display_sdl2 = {
-- 
2.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

This patch implements a QEMU device that drives PVG for the VMApple
variant of it.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Co-authored-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

Subsequent changes:

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---

v2:

v3:

v4:

v5:

v6:

v7:

* Use g_ptr_array_find() helper function
 * Error handling coding style tweak

v8:

v9:

v10:

* Reworked the way frame rendering code is threaded to use BHs for sections
   requiring BQL.
 * Fix for ./configure error on non-macOS platforms.
 * Code formatting tweaks.

v11:

* Generate unique display serial number for each apple-gfx device instance.
 * Dropped redundant local variable initialisation.

v12:

* Removed 2 redundant variable initialisations.
 * Removed dedicated rendering dispatch_queue, use global queue instead.
 * Fixed an object leak regression introduced in v10. Solved by placing
   @autoreleasepool blocks around the relevant Objective-C code in the BH
   functions replacing the dispatch_async tasks. (dispatch_async implicitly
   cleaned up autoreleased objects.)
 * Fixed missing retain/release of command buffers when handing off to a
   non-BH thread. (Problem masked at runtime by above leak.)
 * Better handling of render command encoding errors.
 * Re-arranged positions of static variables in the file.

hw/display/Kconfig          |   9 +
 hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m | 281 +++++++++++++
 hw/display/apple-gfx.h      |  66 +++
 hw/display/apple-gfx.m      | 783 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/display/meson.build      |   6 +
 hw/display/trace-events     |  28 ++
 meson.build                 |   4 +
 7 files changed, 1177 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx.h
 create mode 100644 hw/display/apple-gfx.m

diff --git a/hw/display/Kconfig b/hw/display/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/display/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ config XLNX_DISPLAYPORT
 
 config DM163
     bool
+
+config MAC_PVG
+    bool
+    default y
+
+config MAC_PVG_MMIO
+    bool
+    depends on MAC_PVG && AARCH64
+
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * QEMU Apple ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework device, MMIO (arm64) variant
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ *
+ * ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework is a set of libraries that macOS provides
+ * which implements 3d graphics passthrough to the host as well as a
+ * proprietary guest communication channel to drive it. This device model
+ * implements support to drive that library from within QEMU as an MMIO-based
+ * system device for macOS on arm64 VMs.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#import <ParavirtualizedGraphics/ParavirtualizedGraphics.h>
+#include "apple-gfx.h"
+#include "monitor/monitor.h"
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "hw/irq.h"
+#include "trace.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+
+OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(AppleGFXMMIOState, APPLE_GFX_MMIO)
+
+/*
+ * ParavirtualizedGraphics.Framework only ships header files for the PCI
+ * variant which does not include IOSFC descriptors and host devices. We add
+ * their definitions here so that we can also work with the ARM version.
+ */
+typedef bool(^IOSFCRaiseInterrupt)(uint32_t vector);
+typedef bool(^IOSFCUnmapMemory)(
+    void *, void *, void *, void *, void *, void *);
+typedef bool(^IOSFCMapMemory)(
+    uint64_t phys, uint64_t len, bool ro, void **va, void *, void *);
+
+@interface PGDeviceDescriptor (IOSurfaceMapper)
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) bool usingIOSurfaceMapper;
+@end
+
+@interface PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor : NSObject
+-(PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor *)init;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy, nullable) IOSFCMapMemory mapMemory;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy, nullable) IOSFCUnmapMemory unmapMemory;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic, copy, nullable) IOSFCRaiseInterrupt raiseInterrupt;
+@end
+
+@interface PGIOSurfaceHostDevice : NSObject
+-(instancetype)initWithDescriptor:(PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor *)desc;
+-(uint32_t)mmioReadAtOffset:(size_t)offset;
+-(void)mmioWriteAtOffset:(size_t)offset value:(uint32_t)value;
+@end
+
+struct AppleGFXMapSurfaceMemoryJob;
+struct AppleGFXMMIOState {
+    SysBusDevice parent_obj;
+
+    AppleGFXState common;
+
+    qemu_irq irq_gfx;
+    qemu_irq irq_iosfc;
+    MemoryRegion iomem_iosfc;
+    PGIOSurfaceHostDevice *pgiosfc;
+};
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXMMIOJob {
+    AppleGFXMMIOState *state;
+    uint64_t offset;
+    uint64_t value;
+    bool completed;
+} AppleGFXMMIOJob;
+
+static void iosfc_do_read(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOJob *job = opaque;
+    job->value = [job->state->pgiosfc mmioReadAtOffset:job->offset];
+    qatomic_set(&job->completed, true);
+    aio_wait_kick();
+}
+
+static uint64_t iosfc_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOJob job = {
+        .state = opaque,
+        .offset = offset,
+        .completed = false,
+    };
+    dispatch_queue_t queue =
+        dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
+
+    dispatch_async_f(queue, &job, iosfc_do_read);
+    AIO_WAIT_WHILE(NULL, !qatomic_read(&job.completed));
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_mmio_iosfc_read(offset, job.value);
+    return job.value;
+}
+
+static void iosfc_do_write(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOJob *job = opaque;
+    [job->state->pgiosfc mmioWriteAtOffset:job->offset value:job->value];
+    qatomic_set(&job->completed, true);
+    aio_wait_kick();
+}
+
+static void iosfc_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, uint64_t val,
+                        unsigned size)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOJob job = {
+        .state = opaque,
+        .offset = offset,
+        .value = val,
+        .completed = false,
+    };
+    dispatch_queue_t queue =
+        dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
+
+    dispatch_async_f(queue, &job, iosfc_do_write);
+    AIO_WAIT_WHILE(NULL, !qatomic_read(&job.completed));
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_mmio_iosfc_write(offset, val);
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps apple_iosfc_ops = {
+    .read = iosfc_read,
+    .write = iosfc_write,
+    .endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
+    .valid = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 8,
+    },
+    .impl = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 8,
+    },
+};
+
+static void raise_irq_bh(void *opaque)
+{
+    qemu_irq *irq = opaque;
+
+    qemu_irq_pulse(*irq);
+}
+
+static void *apple_gfx_mmio_map_surface_memory(uint64_t guest_physical_address,
+                                               uint64_t length, bool read_only)
+{
+    void *mem;
+    MemoryRegion *region = NULL;
+
+    RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
+    mem = apple_gfx_host_ptr_for_gpa_range(guest_physical_address,
+                                           length, read_only, &region);
+    if (mem) {
+        memory_region_ref(region);
+    }
+    return mem;
+}
+
+static bool apple_gfx_mmio_unmap_surface_memory(void *ptr)
+{
+    MemoryRegion *region;
+    ram_addr_t offset = 0;
+
+    RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
+    region = memory_region_from_host(ptr, &offset);
+    if (!region) {
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "%s: memory at %p to be unmapped not "
+                      "found.\n",
+                      __func__, ptr);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_iosfc_unmap_memory_region(ptr, region);
+    memory_region_unref(region);
+    return true;
+}
+
+static PGIOSurfaceHostDevice *apple_gfx_prepare_iosurface_host_device(
+    AppleGFXMMIOState *s)
+{
+    PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor *iosfc_desc =
+        [PGIOSurfaceHostDeviceDescriptor new];
+    PGIOSurfaceHostDevice *iosfc_host_dev;
+
+    iosfc_desc.mapMemory =
+        ^bool(uint64_t phys, uint64_t len, bool ro, void **va, void *e, void *f) {
+            *va = apple_gfx_mmio_map_surface_memory(phys, len, ro);
+
+            trace_apple_gfx_iosfc_map_memory(phys, len, ro, va, e, f, *va);
+
+            return *va != NULL;
+        };
+
+    iosfc_desc.unmapMemory =
+        ^bool(void *va, void *b, void *c, void *d, void *e, void *f) {
+            return apple_gfx_mmio_unmap_surface_memory(va);
+        };
+
+    iosfc_desc.raiseInterrupt = ^bool(uint32_t vector) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_iosfc_raise_irq(vector);
+        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                raise_irq_bh, &s->irq_iosfc);
+        return true;
+    };
+
+    iosfc_host_dev =
+        [[PGIOSurfaceHostDevice alloc] initWithDescriptor:iosfc_desc];
+    [iosfc_desc release];
+    return iosfc_host_dev;
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_mmio_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    @autoreleasepool {
+        AppleGFXMMIOState *s = APPLE_GFX_MMIO(dev);
+        PGDeviceDescriptor *desc = [PGDeviceDescriptor new];
+
+        desc.raiseInterrupt = ^(uint32_t vector) {
+            trace_apple_gfx_raise_irq(vector);
+            aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                    raise_irq_bh, &s->irq_gfx);
+        };
+
+        desc.usingIOSurfaceMapper = true;
+        s->pgiosfc = apple_gfx_prepare_iosurface_host_device(s);
+
+        if (!apple_gfx_common_realize(&s->common, dev, desc, errp)) {
+            [s->pgiosfc release];
+            s->pgiosfc = nil;
+        }
+
+        [desc release];
+        desc = nil;
+    }
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_mmio_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOState *s = APPLE_GFX_MMIO(obj);
+
+    apple_gfx_common_init(obj, &s->common, TYPE_APPLE_GFX_MMIO);
+
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->common.iomem_gfx);
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem_iosfc, obj, &apple_iosfc_ops, s,
+                          TYPE_APPLE_GFX_MMIO, 0x10000);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->iomem_iosfc);
+    sysbus_init_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->irq_gfx);
+    sysbus_init_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->irq_iosfc);
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_mmio_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
+{
+    AppleGFXMMIOState *s = APPLE_GFX_MMIO(obj);
+    [s->common.pgdev reset];
+}
+
+
+static void apple_gfx_mmio_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    rc->phases.hold = apple_gfx_mmio_reset;
+    dc->hotpluggable = false;
+    dc->realize = apple_gfx_mmio_realize;
+}
+
+static TypeInfo apple_gfx_mmio_types[] = {
+    {
+        .name          = TYPE_APPLE_GFX_MMIO,
+        .parent        = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+        .instance_size = sizeof(AppleGFXMMIOState),
+        .class_init    = apple_gfx_mmio_class_init,
+        .instance_init = apple_gfx_mmio_init,
+    }
+};
+DEFINE_TYPES(apple_gfx_mmio_types)
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx.h b/hw/display/apple-gfx.h
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * Data structures and functions shared between variants of the macOS
+ * ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework based apple-gfx display adapter.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ */
+
+#ifndef QEMU_APPLE_GFX_H
+#define QEMU_APPLE_GFX_H
+
+#define TYPE_APPLE_GFX_MMIO         "apple-gfx-mmio"
+#define TYPE_APPLE_GFX_PCI          "apple-gfx-pci"
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include <dispatch/dispatch.h>
+#import <ParavirtualizedGraphics/ParavirtualizedGraphics.h>
+#include "qemu/typedefs.h"
+#include "exec/memory.h"
+#include "ui/surface.h"
+
+@class PGDeviceDescriptor;
+@protocol PGDevice;
+@protocol PGDisplay;
+@protocol MTLDevice;
+@protocol MTLTexture;
+@protocol MTLCommandQueue;
+
+typedef QTAILQ_HEAD(, PGTask_s) PGTaskList;
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXState {
+    /* Initialised on init/realize() */
+    MemoryRegion iomem_gfx;
+    id<PGDevice> pgdev;
+    id<PGDisplay> pgdisp;
+    QemuConsole *con;
+    id<MTLDevice> mtl;
+    id<MTLCommandQueue> mtl_queue;
+
+    /* List `tasks` is protected by task_mutex */
+    QemuMutex task_mutex;
+    PGTaskList tasks;
+
+    /* Mutable state (BQL protected) */
+    QEMUCursor *cursor;
+    DisplaySurface *surface;
+    id<MTLTexture> texture;
+    int8_t pending_frames; /* # guest frames in the rendering pipeline */
+    bool gfx_update_requested; /* QEMU display system wants a new frame */
+    bool new_frame_ready; /* Guest has rendered a frame, ready to be used */
+    bool using_managed_texture_storage;
+    uint32_t rendering_frame_width;
+    uint32_t rendering_frame_height;
+
+    /* Mutable state (atomic) */
+    bool cursor_show;
+} AppleGFXState;
+
+void apple_gfx_common_init(Object *obj, AppleGFXState *s, const char* obj_name);
+bool apple_gfx_common_realize(AppleGFXState *s, DeviceState *dev,
+                              PGDeviceDescriptor *desc, Error **errp);
+void *apple_gfx_host_ptr_for_gpa_range(uint64_t guest_physical,
+                                       uint64_t length, bool read_only,
+                                       MemoryRegion **mapping_in_region);
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx.m
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * QEMU Apple ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework device
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ *
+ * ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework is a set of libraries that macOS provides
+ * which implements 3d graphics passthrough to the host as well as a
+ * proprietary guest communication channel to drive it. This device model
+ * implements support to drive that library from within QEMU.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#import <ParavirtualizedGraphics/ParavirtualizedGraphics.h>
+#include <mach/mach_vm.h>
+#include "apple-gfx.h"
+#include "trace.h"
+#include "qemu-main.h"
+#include "exec/address-spaces.h"
+#include "migration/blocker.h"
+#include "monitor/monitor.h"
+#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
+#include "qemu/cutils.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qapi/visitor.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "sysemu/dma.h"
+#include "ui/console.h"
+
+static const PGDisplayCoord_t apple_gfx_modes[] = {
+    { .x = 1440, .y = 1080 },
+    { .x = 1280, .y = 1024 },
+};
+
+static Error *apple_gfx_mig_blocker;
+static uint32_t next_pgdisplay_serial_num = 1;
+
+static dispatch_queue_t get_background_queue(void)
+{
+    return dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
+}
+
+/* ------ PGTask and task operations: new/destroy/map/unmap ------ */
+
+/*
+ * This implements the type declared in <ParavirtualizedGraphics/PGDevice.h>
+ * which is opaque from the framework's point of view. It is used in callbacks
+ * in the form of its typedef PGTask_t, which also already exists in the
+ * framework headers.
+ *
+ * A "task" in PVG terminology represents a host-virtual contiguous address
+ * range which is reserved in a large chunk on task creation. The mapMemory
+ * callback then requests ranges of guest system memory (identified by their
+ * GPA) to be mapped into subranges of this reserved address space.
+ * This type of operation isn't well-supported by QEMU's memory subsystem,
+ * but it is fortunately trivial to achieve with Darwin's mach_vm_remap() call,
+ * which allows us to refer to the same backing memory via multiple virtual
+ * address ranges. The Mach VM APIs are therefore used throughout for managing
+ * task memory.
+ */
+struct PGTask_s {
+    QTAILQ_ENTRY(PGTask_s) node;
+    AppleGFXState *s;
+    mach_vm_address_t address;
+    uint64_t len;
+    /*
+     * All unique MemoryRegions for which a mapping has been created in in this
+     * task, and on which we have thus called memory_region_ref(). There are
+     * usually very few regions of system RAM in total, so we expect this array
+     * to be very short. Therefore, no need for sorting or fancy search
+     * algorithms, linear search will do.
+     * Protected by AppleGFXState's task_mutex.
+     */
+    GPtrArray *mapped_regions;
+};
+
+static PGTask_t *apple_gfx_new_task(AppleGFXState *s, uint64_t len)
+{
+    mach_vm_address_t task_mem;
+    PGTask_t *task;
+    kern_return_t r;
+
+    r = mach_vm_allocate(mach_task_self(), &task_mem, len, VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE);
+    if (r != KERN_SUCCESS) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    task = g_new0(PGTask_t, 1);
+    task->s = s;
+    task->address = task_mem;
+    task->len = len;
+    task->mapped_regions = g_ptr_array_sized_new(2 /* Usually enough */);
+
+    QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->task_mutex);
+    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&s->tasks, task, node);
+
+    return task;
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_destroy_task(AppleGFXState *s, PGTask_t *task)
+{
+    GPtrArray *regions = task->mapped_regions;
+    MemoryRegion *region;
+    size_t i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < regions->len; ++i) {
+        region = g_ptr_array_index(regions, i);
+        memory_region_unref(region);
+    }
+    g_ptr_array_unref(regions);
+
+    mach_vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), task->address, task->len);
+
+    QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->task_mutex);
+    QTAILQ_REMOVE(&s->tasks, task, node);
+    g_free(task);
+}
+
+void *apple_gfx_host_ptr_for_gpa_range(uint64_t guest_physical,
+                                       uint64_t length, bool read_only,
+                                       MemoryRegion **mapping_in_region)
+{
+    MemoryRegion *ram_region;
+    char *host_ptr;
+    hwaddr ram_region_offset = 0;
+    hwaddr ram_region_length = length;
+
+    ram_region = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory,
+                                         guest_physical,
+                                         &ram_region_offset,
+                                         &ram_region_length, !read_only,
+                                         MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
+
+    if (!ram_region || ram_region_length < length ||
+        !memory_access_is_direct(ram_region, !read_only)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    host_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(ram_region);
+    if (!host_ptr) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    host_ptr += ram_region_offset;
+    *mapping_in_region = ram_region;
+    return host_ptr;
+}
+
+static bool apple_gfx_task_map_memory(AppleGFXState *s, PGTask_t *task,
+                                      uint64_t virtual_offset,
+                                      PGPhysicalMemoryRange_t *ranges,
+                                      uint32_t range_count, bool read_only)
+{
+    kern_return_t r;
+    void *source_ptr;
+    mach_vm_address_t target;
+    vm_prot_t cur_protection, max_protection;
+    bool success = true;
+    MemoryRegion *region;
+
+    RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
+    QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->task_mutex);
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_map_memory(task, range_count, virtual_offset, read_only);
+    for (int i = 0; i < range_count; i++) {
+        PGPhysicalMemoryRange_t *range = &ranges[i];
+
+        target = task->address + virtual_offset;
+        virtual_offset += range->physicalLength;
+
+        trace_apple_gfx_map_memory_range(i, range->physicalAddress,
+                                         range->physicalLength);
+
+        region = NULL;
+        source_ptr = apple_gfx_host_ptr_for_gpa_range(range->physicalAddress,
+                                                      range->physicalLength,
+                                                      read_only, &region);
+        if (!source_ptr) {
+            success = false;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!g_ptr_array_find(task->mapped_regions, region, NULL)) {
+            g_ptr_array_add(task->mapped_regions, region);
+            memory_region_ref(region);
+        }
+
+        cur_protection = 0;
+        max_protection = 0;
+        /* Map guest RAM at range->physicalAddress into PG task memory range */
+        r = mach_vm_remap(mach_task_self(),
+                          &target, range->physicalLength, vm_page_size - 1,
+                          VM_FLAGS_FIXED | VM_FLAGS_OVERWRITE,
+                          mach_task_self(), (mach_vm_address_t)source_ptr,
+                          false /* shared mapping, no copy */,
+                          &cur_protection, &max_protection,
+                          VM_INHERIT_COPY);
+        trace_apple_gfx_remap(r, source_ptr, target);
+        g_assert(r == KERN_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    return success;
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_task_unmap_memory(AppleGFXState *s, PGTask_t *task,
+                                        uint64_t virtual_offset, uint64_t length)
+{
+    kern_return_t r;
+    mach_vm_address_t range_address;
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_unmap_memory(task, virtual_offset, length);
+
+    /*
+     * Replace task memory range with fresh 0 pages, undoing the mapping
+     * from guest RAM.
+     */
+    range_address = task->address + virtual_offset;
+    r = mach_vm_allocate(mach_task_self(), &range_address, length,
+                         VM_FLAGS_FIXED | VM_FLAGS_OVERWRITE);
+    g_assert(r == KERN_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+/* ------ Rendering and frame management ------ */
+
+static void apple_gfx_render_frame_completed_bh(void *opaque);
+
+static void apple_gfx_render_new_frame(AppleGFXState *s)
+{
+    bool managed_texture = s->using_managed_texture_storage;
+    uint32_t width = surface_width(s->surface);
+    uint32_t height = surface_height(s->surface);
+    MTLRegion region = MTLRegionMake2D(0, 0, width, height);
+    id<MTLCommandBuffer> command_buffer = [s->mtl_queue commandBuffer];
+    id<MTLTexture> texture = s->texture;
+
+    assert(bql_locked());
+    [texture retain];
+    [command_buffer retain];
+
+    s->rendering_frame_width = width;
+    s->rendering_frame_height = height;
+
+    dispatch_async(get_background_queue(), ^{
+        /*
+         * This is not safe to call from the BQL/BH due to PVG-internal locks
+         * causing deadlocks.
+         */
+        bool r = [s->pgdisp encodeCurrentFrameToCommandBuffer:command_buffer
+                                                 texture:texture
+                                                  region:region];
+        if (!r) {
+            [texture release];
+            [command_buffer release];
+            qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
+                          "%s: encodeCurrentFrameToCommandBuffer:texture:region: "
+                          "failed\n", __func__);
+            bql_lock();
+            --s->pending_frames;
+            if (s->pending_frames > 0) {
+                apple_gfx_render_new_frame(s);
+            }
+            bql_unlock();
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (managed_texture) {
+            /* "Managed" textures exist in both VRAM and RAM and must be synced. */
+            id<MTLBlitCommandEncoder> blit = [command_buffer blitCommandEncoder];
+            [blit synchronizeResource:texture];
+            [blit endEncoding];
+        }
+        [texture release];
+        [command_buffer addCompletedHandler:
+            ^(id<MTLCommandBuffer> cb)
+            {
+                aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                        apple_gfx_render_frame_completed_bh, s);
+            }];
+        [command_buffer commit];
+        [command_buffer release];
+    });
+}
+
+static void copy_mtl_texture_to_surface_mem(id<MTLTexture> texture, void *vram)
+{
+    /*
+     * TODO: Skip this entirely on a pure Metal or headless/guest-only
+     * rendering path, else use a blit command encoder? Needs careful
+     * (double?) buffering design.
+     */
+    size_t width = texture.width, height = texture.height;
+    MTLRegion region = MTLRegionMake2D(0, 0, width, height);
+    [texture getBytes:vram
+          bytesPerRow:(width * 4)
+        bytesPerImage:(width * height * 4)
+           fromRegion:region
+          mipmapLevel:0
+                slice:0];
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_render_frame_completed_bh(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXState *s = opaque;
+
+    @autoreleasepool {
+        --s->pending_frames;
+        assert(s->pending_frames >= 0);
+
+        /* Only update display if mode hasn't changed since we started rendering. */
+        if (s->rendering_frame_width == surface_width(s->surface) &&
+            s->rendering_frame_height == surface_height(s->surface)) {
+            copy_mtl_texture_to_surface_mem(s->texture, surface_data(s->surface));
+            if (s->gfx_update_requested) {
+                s->gfx_update_requested = false;
+                dpy_gfx_update_full(s->con);
+                graphic_hw_update_done(s->con);
+                s->new_frame_ready = false;
+            } else {
+                s->new_frame_ready = true;
+            }
+        }
+        if (s->pending_frames > 0) {
+            apple_gfx_render_new_frame(s);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_fb_update_display(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXState *s = opaque;
+
+    assert(bql_locked());
+    if (s->new_frame_ready) {
+        dpy_gfx_update_full(s->con);
+        s->new_frame_ready = false;
+        graphic_hw_update_done(s->con);
+    } else if (s->pending_frames > 0) {
+        s->gfx_update_requested = true;
+    } else {
+        graphic_hw_update_done(s->con);
+    }
+}
+
+static const GraphicHwOps apple_gfx_fb_ops = {
+    .gfx_update = apple_gfx_fb_update_display,
+    .gfx_update_async = true,
+};
+
+/* ------ Mouse cursor and display mode setting ------ */
+
+static void set_mode(AppleGFXState *s, uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
+{
+    MTLTextureDescriptor *textureDescriptor;
+
+    if (s->surface &&
+        width == surface_width(s->surface) &&
+        height == surface_height(s->surface)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    [s->texture release];
+
+    s->surface = qemu_create_displaysurface(width, height);
+
+    @autoreleasepool {
+        textureDescriptor =
+            [MTLTextureDescriptor
+                texture2DDescriptorWithPixelFormat:MTLPixelFormatBGRA8Unorm
+                                             width:width
+                                            height:height
+                                         mipmapped:NO];
+        textureDescriptor.usage = s->pgdisp.minimumTextureUsage;
+        s->texture = [s->mtl newTextureWithDescriptor:textureDescriptor];
+        s->using_managed_texture_storage =
+            (s->texture.storageMode == MTLStorageModeManaged);
+    }
+
+    dpy_gfx_replace_surface(s->con, s->surface);
+}
+
+static void update_cursor(AppleGFXState *s)
+{
+    assert(bql_locked());
+    dpy_mouse_set(s->con, s->pgdisp.cursorPosition.x,
+                  s->pgdisp.cursorPosition.y, qatomic_read(&s->cursor_show));
+}
+
+static void update_cursor_bh(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXState *s = opaque;
+    update_cursor(s);
+}
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXSetCursorGlyphJob {
+    AppleGFXState *s;
+    NSBitmapImageRep *glyph;
+    PGDisplayCoord_t hotspot;
+} AppleGFXSetCursorGlyphJob;
+
+static void set_cursor_glyph(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXSetCursorGlyphJob *job = opaque;
+    AppleGFXState *s = job->s;
+    NSBitmapImageRep *glyph = job->glyph;
+    uint32_t bpp = glyph.bitsPerPixel;
+    size_t width = glyph.pixelsWide;
+    size_t height = glyph.pixelsHigh;
+    size_t padding_bytes_per_row = glyph.bytesPerRow - width * 4;
+    const uint8_t* px_data = glyph.bitmapData;
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_cursor_set(bpp, width, height);
+
+    if (s->cursor) {
+        cursor_unref(s->cursor);
+        s->cursor = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (bpp == 32) { /* Shouldn't be anything else, but just to be safe...*/
+        s->cursor = cursor_alloc(width, height);
+        s->cursor->hot_x = job->hotspot.x;
+        s->cursor->hot_y = job->hotspot.y;
+
+        uint32_t *dest_px = s->cursor->data;
+
+        for (size_t y = 0; y < height; ++y) {
+            for (size_t x = 0; x < width; ++x) {
+                /*
+                 * NSBitmapImageRep's red & blue channels are swapped
+                 * compared to QEMUCursor's.
+                 */
+                *dest_px =
+                    (px_data[0] << 16u) |
+                    (px_data[1] <<  8u) |
+                    (px_data[2] <<  0u) |
+                    (px_data[3] << 24u);
+                ++dest_px;
+                px_data += 4;
+            }
+            px_data += padding_bytes_per_row;
+        }
+        dpy_cursor_define(s->con, s->cursor);
+        update_cursor(s);
+    }
+    [glyph release];
+
+    g_free(job);
+}
+
+/* ------ DMA (device reading system memory) ------ */
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXReadMemoryJob {
+    QemuSemaphore sem;
+    hwaddr physical_address;
+    uint64_t length;
+    void *dst;
+    bool success;
+} AppleGFXReadMemoryJob;
+
+static void apple_gfx_do_read_memory(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXReadMemoryJob *job = opaque;
+    MemTxResult r;
+
+    r = dma_memory_read(&address_space_memory, job->physical_address,
+                        job->dst, job->length, MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
+    job->success = r == MEMTX_OK;
+
+    qemu_sem_post(&job->sem);
+}
+
+static bool apple_gfx_read_memory(AppleGFXState *s, hwaddr physical_address,
+                                  uint64_t length, void *dst)
+{
+    AppleGFXReadMemoryJob job = {
+        .physical_address = physical_address, .length = length, .dst = dst
+    };
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_read_memory(physical_address, length, dst);
+
+    /* Performing DMA requires BQL, so do it in a BH. */
+    qemu_sem_init(&job.sem, 0);
+    aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                            apple_gfx_do_read_memory, &job);
+    qemu_sem_wait(&job.sem);
+    qemu_sem_destroy(&job.sem);
+    return job.success;
+}
+
+/* ------ Memory-mapped device I/O operations ------ */
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXIOJob {
+    AppleGFXState *state;
+    uint64_t offset;
+    uint64_t value;
+    bool completed;
+} AppleGFXIOJob;
+
+static void apple_gfx_do_read(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXIOJob *job = opaque;
+    job->value = [job->state->pgdev mmioReadAtOffset:job->offset];
+    qatomic_set(&job->completed, true);
+    aio_wait_kick();
+}
+
+static uint64_t apple_gfx_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
+{
+    AppleGFXIOJob job = {
+        .state = opaque,
+        .offset = offset,
+        .completed = false,
+    };
+    dispatch_queue_t queue = get_background_queue();
+
+    dispatch_async_f(queue, &job, apple_gfx_do_read);
+    AIO_WAIT_WHILE(NULL, !qatomic_read(&job.completed));
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_read(offset, job.value);
+    return job.value;
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_do_write(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXIOJob *job = opaque;
+    [job->state->pgdev mmioWriteAtOffset:job->offset value:job->value];
+    qatomic_set(&job->completed, true);
+    aio_wait_kick();
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, uint64_t val,
+                            unsigned size)
+{
+    /*
+     * The methods mmioReadAtOffset: and especially mmioWriteAtOffset: can
+     * trigger synchronous operations on other dispatch queues, which in turn
+     * may call back out on one or more of the callback blocks. For this reason,
+     * and as we are holding the BQL, we invoke the I/O methods on a pool
+     * thread and handle AIO tasks while we wait. Any work in the callbacks
+     * requiring the BQL will in turn schedule BHs which this thread will
+     * process while waiting.
+     */
+    AppleGFXIOJob job = {
+        .state = opaque,
+        .offset = offset,
+        .value = val,
+        .completed = false,
+    };
+    dispatch_queue_t queue = get_background_queue();
+
+    dispatch_async_f(queue, &job, apple_gfx_do_write);
+    AIO_WAIT_WHILE(NULL, !qatomic_read(&job.completed));
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_write(offset, val);
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps apple_gfx_ops = {
+    .read = apple_gfx_read,
+    .write = apple_gfx_write,
+    .endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
+    .valid = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 8,
+    },
+    .impl = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 4,
+    },
+};
+
+static size_t apple_gfx_get_default_mmio_range_size(void)
+{
+    size_t mmio_range_size;
+    @autoreleasepool {
+        PGDeviceDescriptor *desc = [PGDeviceDescriptor new];
+        mmio_range_size = desc.mmioLength;
+        [desc release];
+    }
+    return mmio_range_size;
+}
+
+/* ------ Initialisation and startup ------ */
+
+void apple_gfx_common_init(Object *obj, AppleGFXState *s, const char* obj_name)
+{
+    size_t mmio_range_size = apple_gfx_get_default_mmio_range_size();
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_common_init(obj_name, mmio_range_size);
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem_gfx, obj, &apple_gfx_ops, s, obj_name,
+                          mmio_range_size);
+
+    /* TODO: PVG framework supports serialising device state: integrate it! */
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_register_task_mapping_handlers(AppleGFXState *s,
+                                                     PGDeviceDescriptor *desc)
+{
+    desc.createTask = ^(uint64_t vmSize, void * _Nullable * _Nonnull baseAddress) {
+        PGTask_t *task = apple_gfx_new_task(s, vmSize);
+        *baseAddress = (void *)task->address;
+        trace_apple_gfx_create_task(vmSize, *baseAddress);
+        return task;
+    };
+
+    desc.destroyTask = ^(PGTask_t * _Nonnull task) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_destroy_task(task, task->mapped_regions->len);
+
+        apple_gfx_destroy_task(s, task);
+    };
+
+    desc.mapMemory = ^bool(PGTask_t * _Nonnull task, uint32_t range_count,
+                           uint64_t virtual_offset, bool read_only,
+                           PGPhysicalMemoryRange_t * _Nonnull ranges) {
+        return apple_gfx_task_map_memory(s, task, virtual_offset,
+                                         ranges, range_count, read_only);
+    };
+
+    desc.unmapMemory = ^bool(PGTask_t * _Nonnull task, uint64_t virtual_offset,
+                             uint64_t length) {
+        apple_gfx_task_unmap_memory(s, task, virtual_offset, length);
+        return true;
+    };
+
+    desc.readMemory = ^bool(uint64_t physical_address, uint64_t length,
+                            void * _Nonnull dst) {
+        return apple_gfx_read_memory(s, physical_address, length, dst);
+    };
+}
+
+static void new_frame_handler_bh(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXState *s = opaque;
+
+    /* Drop frames if guest gets too far ahead. */
+    if (s->pending_frames >= 2) {
+        return;
+    }
+    ++s->pending_frames;
+    if (s->pending_frames > 1) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    @autoreleasepool {
+        apple_gfx_render_new_frame(s);
+    }
+}
+
+static PGDisplayDescriptor *apple_gfx_prepare_display_descriptor(AppleGFXState *s)
+{
+    PGDisplayDescriptor *disp_desc = [PGDisplayDescriptor new];
+
+    disp_desc.name = @"QEMU display";
+    disp_desc.sizeInMillimeters = NSMakeSize(400., 300.); /* A 20" display */
+    disp_desc.queue = dispatch_get_main_queue();
+    disp_desc.newFrameEventHandler = ^(void) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_new_frame();
+        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(), new_frame_handler_bh, s);
+    };
+    disp_desc.modeChangeHandler = ^(PGDisplayCoord_t sizeInPixels,
+                                    OSType pixelFormat) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_mode_change(sizeInPixels.x, sizeInPixels.y);
+
+        BQL_LOCK_GUARD();
+        set_mode(s, sizeInPixels.x, sizeInPixels.y);
+    };
+    disp_desc.cursorGlyphHandler = ^(NSBitmapImageRep *glyph,
+                                     PGDisplayCoord_t hotspot) {
+        AppleGFXSetCursorGlyphJob *job = g_malloc0(sizeof(*job));
+        job->s = s;
+        job->glyph = glyph;
+        job->hotspot = hotspot;
+        [glyph retain];
+        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                set_cursor_glyph, job);
+    };
+    disp_desc.cursorShowHandler = ^(BOOL show) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_cursor_show(show);
+        qatomic_set(&s->cursor_show, show);
+        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                update_cursor_bh, s);
+    };
+    disp_desc.cursorMoveHandler = ^(void) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_cursor_move();
+        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                                update_cursor_bh, s);
+    };
+
+    return disp_desc;
+}
+
+static NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array(void)
+{
+    PGDisplayMode *modes[ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes)];
+    NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* mode_array;
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes); i++) {
+        modes[i] =
+            [[PGDisplayMode alloc] initWithSizeInPixels:apple_gfx_modes[i] refreshRateInHz:60.];
+    }
+
+    mode_array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:modes count:ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes)];
+
+    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes); i++) {
+        [modes[i] release];
+        modes[i] = nil;
+    }
+
+    return mode_array;
+}
+
+static id<MTLDevice> copy_suitable_metal_device(void)
+{
+    id<MTLDevice> dev = nil;
+    NSArray<id<MTLDevice>> *devs = MTLCopyAllDevices();
+
+    /* Prefer a unified memory GPU. Failing that, pick a non-removable GPU. */
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < devs.count; ++i) {
+        if (devs[i].hasUnifiedMemory) {
+            dev = devs[i];
+            break;
+        }
+        if (!devs[i].removable) {
+            dev = devs[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (dev != nil) {
+        [dev retain];
+    } else {
+        dev = MTLCreateSystemDefaultDevice();
+    }
+    [devs release];
+
+    return dev;
+}
+
+bool apple_gfx_common_realize(AppleGFXState *s, DeviceState *dev,
+                              PGDeviceDescriptor *desc, Error **errp)
+{
+    PGDisplayDescriptor *disp_desc;
+
+    if (apple_gfx_mig_blocker == NULL) {
+        error_setg(&apple_gfx_mig_blocker,
+                  "Migration state blocked by apple-gfx display device");
+        if (migrate_add_blocker(&apple_gfx_mig_blocker, errp) < 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    qemu_mutex_init(&s->task_mutex);
+    QTAILQ_INIT(&s->tasks);
+    s->mtl = copy_suitable_metal_device();
+    s->mtl_queue = [s->mtl newCommandQueue];
+
+    desc.device = s->mtl;
+
+    apple_gfx_register_task_mapping_handlers(s, desc);
+
+    s->cursor_show = true;
+
+    s->pgdev = PGNewDeviceWithDescriptor(desc);
+
+    disp_desc = apple_gfx_prepare_display_descriptor(s);
+    /*
+     * Although the framework does, this integration currently does not support
+     * multiple virtual displays connected to a single PV graphics device.
+     * It is however possible to create
+     * more than one instance of the device, each with one display. The macOS
+     * guest will ignore these displays if they share the same serial number,
+     * so ensure each instance gets a unique one.
+     */
+    s->pgdisp = [s->pgdev newDisplayWithDescriptor:disp_desc
+                                              port:0
+                                         serialNum:next_pgdisplay_serial_num++];
+    [disp_desc release];
+    s->pgdisp.modeList = apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array();
+
+    s->con = graphic_console_init(dev, 0, &apple_gfx_fb_ops, s);
+    return true;
+}
diff --git a/hw/display/meson.build b/hw/display/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/meson.build
+++ b/hw/display/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_ARTIST', if_true: files('artist.c'))
 
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_ATI_VGA', if_true: [files('ati.c', 'ati_2d.c', 'ati_dbg.c'), pixman])
 
+if host_os == 'darwin'
+  system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG',         if_true: [files('apple-gfx.m'), pvg, metal])
+  if cpu == 'aarch64'
+    system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG_MMIO',  if_true: [files('apple-gfx-mmio.m'), pvg, metal])
+  endif
+endif
 
 if config_all_devices.has_key('CONFIG_VIRTIO_GPU')
   virtio_gpu_ss = ss.source_set()
diff --git a/hw/display/trace-events b/hw/display/trace-events
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/trace-events
+++ b/hw/display/trace-events
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ dm163_bits_ppi(unsigned dest_width) "dest_width : %u"
 dm163_leds(int led, uint32_t value) "led %d: 0x%x"
 dm163_channels(int channel, uint8_t value) "channel %d: 0x%x"
 dm163_refresh_rate(uint32_t rr) "refresh rate %d"
+
+# apple-gfx.m
+apple_gfx_read(uint64_t offset, uint64_t res) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" res=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_write(uint64_t offset, uint64_t val) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" val=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_create_task(uint32_t vm_size, void *va) "vm_size=0x%x base_addr=%p"
+apple_gfx_destroy_task(void *task, unsigned int num_mapped_regions) "task=%p, task->mapped_regions->len=%u"
+apple_gfx_map_memory(void *task, uint32_t range_count, uint64_t virtual_offset, uint32_t read_only) "task=%p range_count=0x%x virtual_offset=0x%"PRIx64" read_only=%d"
+apple_gfx_map_memory_range(uint32_t i, uint64_t phys_addr, uint64_t phys_len) "[%d] phys_addr=0x%"PRIx64" phys_len=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_remap(uint64_t retval, void *source_ptr, uint64_t target) "retval=%"PRId64" source=%p target=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_unmap_memory(void *task, uint64_t virtual_offset, uint64_t length) "task=%p virtual_offset=0x%"PRIx64" length=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_read_memory(uint64_t phys_address, uint64_t length, void *dst) "phys_addr=0x%"PRIx64" length=0x%"PRIx64" dest=%p"
+apple_gfx_raise_irq(uint32_t vector) "vector=0x%x"
+apple_gfx_new_frame(void) ""
+apple_gfx_mode_change(uint64_t x, uint64_t y) "x=%"PRId64" y=%"PRId64
+apple_gfx_cursor_set(uint32_t bpp, uint64_t width, uint64_t height) "bpp=%d width=%"PRId64" height=0x%"PRId64
+apple_gfx_cursor_show(uint32_t show) "show=%d"
+apple_gfx_cursor_move(void) ""
+apple_gfx_common_init(const char *device_name, size_t mmio_size) "device: %s; MMIO size: %zu bytes"
+
+# apple-gfx-mmio.m
+apple_gfx_mmio_iosfc_read(uint64_t offset, uint64_t res) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" res=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_mmio_iosfc_write(uint64_t offset, uint64_t val) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" val=0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_iosfc_map_memory(uint64_t phys, uint64_t len, uint32_t ro, void *va, void *e, void *f, void* va_result) "phys=0x%"PRIx64" len=0x%"PRIx64" ro=%d va=%p e=%p f=%p -> *va=%p"
+apple_gfx_iosfc_map_memory_new_region(size_t i, void *region, uint64_t start, uint64_t end) "index=%zu, region=%p, 0x%"PRIx64"-0x%"PRIx64
+apple_gfx_iosfc_unmap_memory(void *a, void *b, void *c, void *d, void *e, void *f) "a=%p b=%p c=%p d=%p e=%p f=%p"
+apple_gfx_iosfc_unmap_memory_region(void* mem, void *region) "unmapping @ %p from memory region %p"
+apple_gfx_iosfc_raise_irq(uint32_t vector) "vector=0x%x"
+
diff --git a/meson.build b/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/meson.build
+++ b/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ socket = []
 version_res = []
 coref = []
 iokit = []
+pvg = not_found
+metal = []
 emulator_link_args = []
 midl = not_found
 widl = not_found
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ elif host_os == 'darwin'
   coref = dependency('appleframeworks', modules: 'CoreFoundation')
   iokit = dependency('appleframeworks', modules: 'IOKit', required: false)
   host_dsosuf = '.dylib'
+  pvg = dependency('appleframeworks', modules: 'ParavirtualizedGraphics')
+  metal = dependency('appleframeworks', modules: 'Metal')
 elif host_os == 'sunos'
   socket = [cc.find_library('socket'),
             cc.find_library('nsl'),
-- 
2.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---

v4:

* Threading improvements analogous to those in common apple-gfx code
   and mmio device variant.
 * Smaller code review issues addressed.

v5:

* Minor error handling improvement.

v6:

* Removed an unused function parameter.

v9:

* Fixup of changed common call.
 * Whitespace and comment formatting tweaks.

v11:

* Comment formatting fix.

diff --git a/hw/display/Kconfig b/hw/display/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/display/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ config MAC_PVG_MMIO
     bool
     depends on MAC_PVG && AARCH64
 
+config MAC_PVG_PCI
+    bool
+    depends on MAC_PVG && PCI
+    default y if PCI_DEVICES
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * QEMU Apple ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework device, PCI variant
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023-2024 Phil Dennis-Jordan
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ *
+ * ParavirtualizedGraphics.framework is a set of libraries that macOS provides
+ * which implements 3d graphics passthrough to the host as well as a
+ * proprietary guest communication channel to drive it. This device model
+ * implements support to drive that library from within QEMU as a PCI device
+ * aimed primarily at x86-64 macOS VMs.
+ */
+
+#include "apple-gfx.h"
+#include "hw/pci/pci_device.h"
+#include "hw/pci/msi.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "trace.h"
+#import <ParavirtualizedGraphics/ParavirtualizedGraphics.h>
+
+OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(AppleGFXPCIState, APPLE_GFX_PCI)
+
+struct AppleGFXPCIState {
+    PCIDevice parent_obj;
+
+    AppleGFXState common;
+};
+
+static const char* apple_gfx_pci_option_rom_path = NULL;
+
+static void apple_gfx_init_option_rom_path(void)
+{
+    NSURL *option_rom_url = PGCopyOptionROMURL();
+    const char *option_rom_path = option_rom_url.fileSystemRepresentation;
+    apple_gfx_pci_option_rom_path = g_strdup(option_rom_path);
+    [option_rom_url release];
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    AppleGFXPCIState *s = APPLE_GFX_PCI(obj);
+
+    if (!apple_gfx_pci_option_rom_path) {
+        /*
+         * The following is done on device not class init to avoid running
+         * ObjC code before fork() in -daemonize mode.
+         */
+        PCIDeviceClass *pci = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(object_get_class(obj));
+        apple_gfx_init_option_rom_path();
+        pci->romfile = apple_gfx_pci_option_rom_path;
+    }
+
+    apple_gfx_common_init(obj, &s->common, TYPE_APPLE_GFX_PCI);
+}
+
+typedef struct AppleGFXPCIInterruptJob {
+    PCIDevice *device;
+    uint32_t vector;
+} AppleGFXPCIInterruptJob;
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_raise_interrupt(void *opaque)
+{
+    AppleGFXPCIInterruptJob *job = opaque;
+
+    if (msi_enabled(job->device)) {
+        msi_notify(job->device, job->vector);
+    }
+    g_free(job);
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_interrupt(PCIDevice *dev, uint32_t vector)
+{
+    AppleGFXPCIInterruptJob *job;
+
+    trace_apple_gfx_raise_irq(vector);
+    job = g_malloc0(sizeof(*job));
+    job->device = dev;
+    job->vector = vector;
+    aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_aio_context(),
+                            apple_gfx_pci_raise_interrupt, job);
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_realize(PCIDevice *dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    AppleGFXPCIState *s = APPLE_GFX_PCI(dev);
+    int ret;
+
+    pci_register_bar(dev, PG_PCI_BAR_MMIO,
+                     PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY, &s->common.iomem_gfx);
+
+    ret = msi_init(dev, 0x0 /* config offset; 0 = find space */,
+                   PG_PCI_MAX_MSI_VECTORS, true /* msi64bit */,
+                   false /* msi_per_vector_mask */, errp);
+    if (ret != 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    @autoreleasepool {
+        PGDeviceDescriptor *desc = [PGDeviceDescriptor new];
+        desc.raiseInterrupt = ^(uint32_t vector) {
+            apple_gfx_pci_interrupt(dev, vector);
+        };
+
+        apple_gfx_common_realize(&s->common, DEVICE(dev), desc, errp);
+        [desc release];
+        desc = nil;
+    }
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
+{
+    AppleGFXPCIState *s = APPLE_GFX_PCI(obj);
+    [s->common.pgdev reset];
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_pci_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    PCIDeviceClass *pci = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    rc->phases.hold = apple_gfx_pci_reset;
+    dc->desc = "macOS Paravirtualized Graphics PCI Display Controller";
+    dc->hotpluggable = false;
+    set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_DISPLAY, dc->categories);
+
+    pci->vendor_id = PG_PCI_VENDOR_ID;
+    pci->device_id = PG_PCI_DEVICE_ID;
+    pci->class_id = PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER;
+    pci->realize = apple_gfx_pci_realize;
+
+    /* TODO: Property for setting mode list */
+}
+
+static TypeInfo apple_gfx_pci_types[] = {
+    {
+        .name          = TYPE_APPLE_GFX_PCI,
+        .parent        = TYPE_PCI_DEVICE,
+        .instance_size = sizeof(AppleGFXPCIState),
+        .class_init    = apple_gfx_pci_class_init,
+        .instance_init = apple_gfx_pci_init,
+        .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
+            { INTERFACE_PCIE_DEVICE },
+            { },
+        },
+    }
+};
+DEFINE_TYPES(apple_gfx_pci_types)
+
diff --git a/hw/display/meson.build b/hw/display/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/meson.build
+++ b/hw/display/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_ATI_VGA', if_true: [files('ati.c', 'ati_2d.c', 'ati_
 
 if host_os == 'darwin'
   system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG',         if_true: [files('apple-gfx.m'), pvg, metal])
+  system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG_PCI',     if_true: [files('apple-gfx-pci.m'), pvg, metal])
   if cpu == 'aarch64'
     system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MAC_PVG_MMIO',  if_true: [files('apple-gfx-mmio.m'), pvg, metal])
   endif
-- 
2.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

This change adds a property 'display_modes' on the graphics device
which permits specifying a list of display modes. (screen resolution
and refresh rate)

The property is an array of a custom type to make the syntax slightly
less awkward to use, for example:

-device '{"driver":"apple-gfx-pci", "display-modes":["1920x1080@60", "3840x2160@60"]}'

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---

v4:

* Switched to the native array property type, which recently gained
	 command line support.
 * The property has also been added to the -mmio variant.
 * Tidied up the code a little.

v5:

* Better error handling and buffer management in property parsing and
   output.

v6:

* Switched to using NSMutableArray for the mode list to avoid need for
   allocating a temporary array - previously done with alloca.

v7:

* Simplified error handling in property parsing

v8:

* More consistent integer variable types.

v9:

* Re-ordered type definitions so we can drop a 'struct' keyword.

diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx-mmio.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void apple_gfx_mmio_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
     [s->common.pgdev reset];
 }
 
+static Property apple_gfx_mmio_properties[] = {
+    DEFINE_PROP_ARRAY("display-modes", AppleGFXMMIOState,
+                      common.num_display_modes, common.display_modes,
+                      qdev_prop_display_mode, AppleGFXDisplayMode),
+    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
+};
 
 static void apple_gfx_mmio_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void apple_gfx_mmio_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     rc->phases.hold = apple_gfx_mmio_reset;
     dc->hotpluggable = false;
     dc->realize = apple_gfx_mmio_realize;
+
+    device_class_set_props(dc, apple_gfx_mmio_properties);
 }
 
 static TypeInfo apple_gfx_mmio_types[] = {
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx-pci.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void apple_gfx_pci_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
     [s->common.pgdev reset];
 }
 
+static Property apple_gfx_pci_properties[] = {
+    DEFINE_PROP_ARRAY("display-modes", AppleGFXPCIState,
+                      common.num_display_modes, common.display_modes,
+                      qdev_prop_display_mode, AppleGFXDisplayMode),
+    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
+};
+
 static void apple_gfx_pci_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void apple_gfx_pci_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     pci->class_id = PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER;
     pci->realize = apple_gfx_pci_realize;
 
-    /* TODO: Property for setting mode list */
+    device_class_set_props(dc, apple_gfx_pci_properties);
 }
 
 static TypeInfo apple_gfx_pci_types[] = {
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx.h b/hw/display/apple-gfx.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/apple-gfx.h
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #import <ParavirtualizedGraphics/ParavirtualizedGraphics.h>
 #include "qemu/typedefs.h"
 #include "exec/memory.h"
+#include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
 #include "ui/surface.h"
 
 @class PGDeviceDescriptor;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 
 typedef QTAILQ_HEAD(, PGTask_s) PGTaskList;
 
+typedef struct AppleGFXDisplayMode {
+    uint16_t width_px;
+    uint16_t height_px;
+    uint16_t refresh_rate_hz;
+} AppleGFXDisplayMode;
+
 typedef struct AppleGFXState {
     /* Initialised on init/realize() */
     MemoryRegion iomem_gfx;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ typedef struct AppleGFXState {
     QemuConsole *con;
     id<MTLDevice> mtl;
     id<MTLCommandQueue> mtl_queue;
+    AppleGFXDisplayMode *display_modes;
+    uint32_t num_display_modes;
 
     /* List `tasks` is protected by task_mutex */
     QemuMutex task_mutex;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ void *apple_gfx_host_ptr_for_gpa_range(uint64_t guest_physical,
                                        uint64_t length, bool read_only,
                                        MemoryRegion **mapping_in_region);
 
+extern const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_display_mode;
+
 #endif
 
diff --git a/hw/display/apple-gfx.m b/hw/display/apple-gfx.m
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/apple-gfx.m
+++ b/hw/display/apple-gfx.m
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #include "sysemu/dma.h"
 #include "ui/console.h"
 
-static const PGDisplayCoord_t apple_gfx_modes[] = {
-    { .x = 1440, .y = 1080 },
-    { .x = 1280, .y = 1024 },
+static const AppleGFXDisplayMode apple_gfx_default_modes[] = {
+    { 1920, 1080, 60 },
+    { 1440, 1080, 60 },
+    { 1280, 1024, 60 },
 };
 
 static Error *apple_gfx_mig_blocker;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void new_frame_handler_bh(void *opaque)
     return disp_desc;
 }
 
-static NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array(void)
+static NSArray<PGDisplayMode *> *apple_gfx_create_display_mode_array(
+    const AppleGFXDisplayMode display_modes[], uint32_t display_mode_count)
 {
-    PGDisplayMode *modes[ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes)];
-    NSArray<PGDisplayMode*>* mode_array;
-    int i;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes); i++) {
-        modes[i] =
-            [[PGDisplayMode alloc] initWithSizeInPixels:apple_gfx_modes[i] refreshRateInHz:60.];
-    }
-
-    mode_array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:modes count:ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes)];
-
-    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_modes); i++) {
-        [modes[i] release];
-        modes[i] = nil;
+    uint32_t i;
+    PGDisplayMode *mode_obj;
+    NSMutableArray<PGDisplayMode *> *mode_array =
+        [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithCapacity:display_mode_count];
+
+    for (i = 0; i < display_mode_count; i++) {
+        const AppleGFXDisplayMode *mode = &display_modes[i];
+        trace_apple_gfx_display_mode(i, mode->width_px, mode->height_px);
+        PGDisplayCoord_t mode_size = { mode->width_px, mode->height_px };
+
+        mode_obj =
+            [[PGDisplayMode alloc] initWithSizeInPixels:mode_size
+                                        refreshRateInHz:mode->refresh_rate_hz];
+        [mode_array addObject:mode_obj];
+        [mode_obj release];
     }
 
     return mode_array;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ bool apple_gfx_common_realize(AppleGFXState *s, DeviceState *dev,
                               PGDeviceDescriptor *desc, Error **errp)
 {
     PGDisplayDescriptor *disp_desc;
+    const AppleGFXDisplayMode *display_modes = apple_gfx_default_modes;
+    uint32_t num_display_modes = ARRAY_SIZE(apple_gfx_default_modes);
+    NSArray<PGDisplayMode *> *mode_array;
 
     if (apple_gfx_mig_blocker == NULL) {
         error_setg(&apple_gfx_mig_blocker,
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ bool apple_gfx_common_realize(AppleGFXState *s, DeviceState *dev,
                                               port:0
                                          serialNum:next_pgdisplay_serial_num++];
     [disp_desc release];
-    s->pgdisp.modeList = apple_gfx_prepare_display_mode_array();
+
+    if (s->display_modes != NULL && s->num_display_modes > 0) {
+        trace_apple_gfx_common_realize_modes_property(s->num_display_modes);
+        display_modes = s->display_modes;
+        num_display_modes = s->num_display_modes;
+    }
+    s->pgdisp.modeList = mode_array =
+        apple_gfx_create_display_mode_array(display_modes, num_display_modes);
+    [mode_array release];
 
     s->con = graphic_console_init(dev, 0, &apple_gfx_fb_ops, s);
     return true;
 }
+
+/* ------ Display mode list device property ------ */
+
+static void apple_gfx_get_display_mode(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
+                                       const char *name, void *opaque,
+                                       Error **errp)
+{
+    Property *prop = opaque;
+    AppleGFXDisplayMode *mode = object_field_prop_ptr(obj, prop);
+    /* 3 uint16s (max 5 digits) + 2 separator characters + nul. */
+    char buffer[5 * 3 + 2 + 1];
+    char *pos = buffer;
+
+    int rc = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
+                      "%"PRIu16"x%"PRIu16"@%"PRIu16,
+                      mode->width_px, mode->height_px,
+                      mode->refresh_rate_hz);
+    assert(rc < sizeof(buffer));
+
+    visit_type_str(v, name, &pos, errp);
+}
+
+static void apple_gfx_set_display_mode(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
+                                       const char *name, void *opaque,
+                                       Error **errp)
+{
+    Property *prop = opaque;
+    AppleGFXDisplayMode *mode = object_field_prop_ptr(obj, prop);
+    const char *endptr;
+    g_autofree char *str = NULL;
+    int ret;
+    int val;
+
+    if (!visit_type_str(v, name, &str, errp)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    endptr = str;
+
+    ret = qemu_strtoi(endptr, &endptr, 10, &val);
+    if (ret || val > UINT16_MAX || val <= 0) {
+        error_setg(errp, "width in '%s' must be a decimal integer number "
+                   "of pixels in the range 1..65535", name);
+        return;
+    }
+    mode->width_px = val;
+    if (*endptr != 'x') {
+        goto separator_error;
+    }
+
+    ret = qemu_strtoi(endptr + 1, &endptr, 10, &val);
+    if (ret || val > UINT16_MAX || val <= 0) {
+        error_setg(errp, "height in '%s' must be a decimal integer number "
+                   "of pixels in the range 1..65535", name);
+        return;
+    }
+    mode->height_px = val;
+    if (*endptr != '@') {
+        goto separator_error;
+    }
+
+    ret = qemu_strtoi(endptr + 1, &endptr, 10, &val);
+    if (ret || val > UINT16_MAX || val <= 0) {
+        error_setg(errp, "refresh rate in '%s'"
+                   " must be a positive decimal integer (Hertz)", name);
+        return;
+    }
+    mode->refresh_rate_hz = val;
+    return;
+
+separator_error:
+    error_setg(errp, "Each display mode takes the format "
+               "'<width>x<height>@<rate>'");
+}
+
+const PropertyInfo qdev_prop_display_mode = {
+    .name  = "display_mode",
+    .description =
+        "Display mode in pixels and Hertz, as <width>x<height>@<refresh-rate> "
+        "Example: 3840x2160@60",
+    .get   = apple_gfx_get_display_mode,
+    .set   = apple_gfx_set_display_mode,
+};
diff --git a/hw/display/trace-events b/hw/display/trace-events
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/display/trace-events
+++ b/hw/display/trace-events
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ apple_gfx_cursor_set(uint32_t bpp, uint64_t width, uint64_t height) "bpp=%d widt
 apple_gfx_cursor_show(uint32_t show) "show=%d"
 apple_gfx_cursor_move(void) ""
 apple_gfx_common_init(const char *device_name, size_t mmio_size) "device: %s; MMIO size: %zu bytes"
+apple_gfx_common_realize_modes_property(uint32_t num_modes) "using %u modes supplied by 'display-modes' device property"
+apple_gfx_display_mode(uint32_t mode_idx, uint16_t width_px, uint16_t height_px) "mode %2"PRIu32": %4"PRIu16"x%4"PRIu16
 
 # apple-gfx-mmio.m
 apple_gfx_mmio_iosfc_read(uint64_t offset, uint64_t res) "offset=0x%"PRIx64" res=0x%"PRIx64
-- 
2.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Roman Bolshakov <rbolshakov@ddn.com>
---
 MAINTAINERS | 7 +++++++
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

We will introduce a number of devices that are specific to the vmapple
target machine. To keep them all tidily together, let's put them into
a single target directory.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---
 MAINTAINERS             | 7 +++++++
 hw/Kconfig              | 1 +
 hw/meson.build          | 1 +
 hw/vmapple/Kconfig      | 1 +
 hw/vmapple/meson.build  | 0
 hw/vmapple/trace-events | 2 ++
 hw/vmapple/trace.h      | 1 +
 meson.build             | 1 +
 8 files changed, 14 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/Kconfig
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/meson.build
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/trace-events
 create mode 100644 hw/vmapple/trace.h

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

In addition to the ISA and PCI variants of pvpanic, let's add an MMIO
platform device that we can use in embedded arm environments.

v3:
 * Rebased on upstream, updated a header path

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

v4:

* Turned pair of IRQ arrays into array of structs.
 * Simplified swizzling logic selection.

v12:

* Fixed uses of deleted GPEX_NUM_IRQS constant that have been
   added to QEMU since this patch was originally written.

diff --git a/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c b/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
+++ b/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie(SBSAMachineState *sms)
     /* Map IO port space */
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, base_pio);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
                            qdev_get_gpio_in(sms->gic, irq + i));
         gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(dev), i, irq + i);
diff --git a/hw/arm/virt.c b/hw/arm/virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/arm/virt.c
+++ b/hw/arm/virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie(VirtMachineState *vms)
     /* Map IO port space */
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, base_pio);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
                            qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq + i));
         gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(dev), i, irq + i);
diff --git a/hw/i386/microvm.c b/hw/i386/microvm.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/i386/microvm.c
+++ b/hw/i386/microvm.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_gpex(MicrovmMachineState *mms)
                                     mms->gpex.mmio64.base, mmio64_alias);
     }
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
                            x86ms->gsi[mms->gpex.irq + i]);
     }
diff --git a/hw/loongarch/virt.c b/hw/loongarch/virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/loongarch/virt.c
+++ b/hw/loongarch/virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void fdt_add_pcie_irq_map_node(const LoongArchVirtMachineState *lvms,
 {
     int pin, dev;
     uint32_t irq_map_stride = 0;
-    uint32_t full_irq_map[GPEX_NUM_IRQS *GPEX_NUM_IRQS * 10] = {};
+    uint32_t full_irq_map[PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS * 10] = {};
     uint32_t *irq_map = full_irq_map;
     const MachineState *ms = MACHINE(lvms);
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void fdt_add_pcie_irq_map_node(const LoongArchVirtMachineState *lvms,
      * to wrap to any number of devices.
      */
 
-    for (dev = 0; dev < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; dev++) {
+    for (dev = 0; dev < PCI_NUM_PINS; dev++) {
         int devfn = dev * 0x8;
 
-        for (pin = 0; pin  < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; pin++) {
-            int irq_nr = 16 + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % GPEX_NUM_IRQS);
+        for (pin = 0; pin < PCI_NUM_PINS; pin++) {
+            int irq_nr = 16 + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % PCI_NUM_PINS);
             int i = 0;
 
             /* Fill PCI address cells */
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void fdt_add_pcie_irq_map_node(const LoongArchVirtMachineState *lvms,
 
 
     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map", full_irq_map,
-                     GPEX_NUM_IRQS * GPEX_NUM_IRQS *
+                     PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS *
                      irq_map_stride * sizeof(uint32_t));
     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map-mask",
                      0x1800, 0, 0, 0x7);
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void virt_devices_init(DeviceState *pch_pic,
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), VIRT_PCI_IO_BASE,
                                 pio_alias);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(d, i,
                            qdev_get_gpio_in(pch_pic, 16 + i));
         gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(gpex_dev), i, 16 + i);
diff --git a/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c b/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
+++ b/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static inline void loongson3_virt_devices_init(MachineState *machine,
                                 virt_memmap[VIRT_PCIE_PIO].base, s->pio_alias);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, virt_memmap[VIRT_PCIE_PIO].base);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(pic, PCIE_IRQ_BASE + i);
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, irq);
         gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(dev), i, PCIE_IRQ_BASE + i);
diff --git a/hw/openrisc/virt.c b/hw/openrisc/virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/openrisc/virt.c
+++ b/hw/openrisc/virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(void *fdt, char *nodename, int irq_base,
 {
     int pin, dev;
     uint32_t irq_map_stride = 0;
-    uint32_t full_irq_map[GPEX_NUM_IRQS * GPEX_NUM_IRQS * 6] = {};
+    uint32_t full_irq_map[PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS * 6] = {};
     uint32_t *irq_map = full_irq_map;
 
     /*
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(void *fdt, char *nodename, int irq_base,
      * possible slot) seeing the interrupt-map-mask will allow the table
      * to wrap to any number of devices.
      */
-    for (dev = 0; dev < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; dev++) {
+    for (dev = 0; dev < PCI_NUM_PINS; dev++) {
         int devfn = dev << 3;
 
-        for (pin = 0; pin < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; pin++) {
-            int irq_nr = irq_base + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % GPEX_NUM_IRQS);
+        for (pin = 0; pin < PCI_NUM_PINS; pin++) {
+            int irq_nr = irq_base + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % PCI_NUM_PINS);
             int i = 0;
 
             /* Fill PCI address cells */
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(void *fdt, char *nodename, int irq_base,
     }
 
     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map", full_irq_map,
-                     GPEX_NUM_IRQS * GPEX_NUM_IRQS *
+                     PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS *
                      irq_map_stride * sizeof(uint32_t));
 
     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map-mask",
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void openrisc_virt_pcie_init(OR1KVirtState *state,
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), pio_base, alias);
 
     /* Connect IRQ lines. */
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         pcie_irq = get_per_cpu_irq(cpus, num_cpus, irq_base + i);
 
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, pcie_irq);
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/gpex.c b/hw/pci-host/gpex.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/gpex.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/gpex.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "hw/irq.h"
+#include "hw/pci/pci_bus.h"
 #include "hw/pci-host/gpex.h"
 #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
  * GPEX host
  */
 
+struct GPEXIrq {
+    qemu_irq irq;
+    int irq_num;
+};
+
 static void gpex_set_irq(void *opaque, int irq_num, int level)
 {
     GPEXHost *s = opaque;
 
-    qemu_set_irq(s->irq[irq_num], level);
+    qemu_set_irq(s->irq[irq_num].irq, level);
 }
 
 int gpex_set_irq_num(GPEXHost *s, int index, int gsi)
 {
-    if (index >= GPEX_NUM_IRQS) {
+    if (index >= s->num_irqs) {
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
-    s->irq_num[index] = gsi;
+    s->irq[index].irq_num = gsi;
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static PCIINTxRoute gpex_route_intx_pin_to_irq(void *opaque, int pin)
 {
     PCIINTxRoute route;
     GPEXHost *s = opaque;
-    int gsi = s->irq_num[pin];
+    int gsi = s->irq[pin].irq_num;
 
     route.irq = gsi;
     if (gsi < 0) {
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static PCIINTxRoute gpex_route_intx_pin_to_irq(void *opaque, int pin)
     return route;
 }
 
+static int gpex_swizzle_map_irq_fn(PCIDevice *pci_dev, int pin)
+{
+    PCIBus *bus = pci_device_root_bus(pci_dev);
+
+    return (PCI_SLOT(pci_dev->devfn) + pin) % bus->nirq;
+}
+
 static void gpex_host_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
     PCIHostState *pci = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void gpex_host_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     PCIExpressHost *pex = PCIE_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
     int i;
 
+    s->irq = g_malloc0_n(s->num_irqs, sizeof(*s->irq));
+
     pcie_host_mmcfg_init(pex, PCIE_MMCFG_SIZE_MAX);
     sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &pex->mmio);
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void gpex_host_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
         sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->io_ioport);
     }
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
-        sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->irq[i]);
-        s->irq_num[i] = -1;
+    for (i = 0; i < s->num_irqs; i++) {
+        sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->irq[i].irq);
+        s->irq[i].irq_num = -1;
     }
 
     pci->bus = pci_register_root_bus(dev, "pcie.0", gpex_set_irq,
-                                     pci_swizzle_map_irq_fn, s, &s->io_mmio,
-                                     &s->io_ioport, 0, 4, TYPE_PCIE_BUS);
+                                     gpex_swizzle_map_irq_fn,
+                                     s, &s->io_mmio, &s->io_ioport, 0,
+                                     s->num_irqs, TYPE_PCIE_BUS);
 
     pci_bus_set_route_irq_fn(pci->bus, gpex_route_intx_pin_to_irq);
     qdev_realize(DEVICE(&s->gpex_root), BUS(pci->bus), &error_fatal);
 }
 
+static void gpex_host_unrealize(DeviceState *dev)
+{
+    GPEXHost *s = GPEX_HOST(dev);
+
+    g_free(s->irq);
+}
+
 static const char *gpex_host_root_bus_path(PCIHostState *host_bridge,
                                           PCIBus *rootbus)
 {
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static Property gpex_host_properties[] = {
                        gpex_cfg.mmio64.base, 0),
     DEFINE_PROP_SIZE(PCI_HOST_ABOVE_4G_MMIO_SIZE, GPEXHost,
                      gpex_cfg.mmio64.size, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("num-irqs", GPEXHost, num_irqs, PCI_NUM_PINS),
     DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
 };
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void gpex_host_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     hc->root_bus_path = gpex_host_root_bus_path;
     dc->realize = gpex_host_realize;
+    dc->unrealize = gpex_host_unrealize;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_BRIDGE, dc->categories);
     dc->fw_name = "pci";
     device_class_set_props(dc, gpex_host_properties);
diff --git a/hw/riscv/virt.c b/hw/riscv/virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/riscv/virt.c
+++ b/hw/riscv/virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(RISCVVirtState *s, void *fdt, char *nodename,
 {
     int pin, dev;
     uint32_t irq_map_stride = 0;
-    uint32_t full_irq_map[GPEX_NUM_IRQS * GPEX_NUM_IRQS *
+    uint32_t full_irq_map[PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS *
                           FDT_MAX_INT_MAP_WIDTH] = {};
     uint32_t *irq_map = full_irq_map;
 
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(RISCVVirtState *s, void *fdt, char *nodename,
      * possible slot) seeing the interrupt-map-mask will allow the table
      * to wrap to any number of devices.
      */
-    for (dev = 0; dev < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; dev++) {
+    for (dev = 0; dev < PCI_NUM_PINS; dev++) {
         int devfn = dev * 0x8;
 
-        for (pin = 0; pin < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; pin++) {
-            int irq_nr = PCIE_IRQ + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % GPEX_NUM_IRQS);
+        for (pin = 0; pin < PCI_NUM_PINS; pin++) {
+            int irq_nr = PCIE_IRQ + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % PCI_NUM_PINS);
             int i = 0;
 
             /* Fill PCI address cells */
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie_irq_map(RISCVVirtState *s, void *fdt, char *nodename,
     }
 
     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map", full_irq_map,
-                     GPEX_NUM_IRQS * GPEX_NUM_IRQS *
+                     PCI_NUM_PINS * PCI_NUM_PINS *
                      irq_map_stride * sizeof(uint32_t));
 
     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map-mask",
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static inline DeviceState *gpex_pcie_init(MemoryRegion *sys_mem,
 
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, pio_base);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(irqchip, PCIE_IRQ + i);
 
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, irq);
diff --git a/hw/xen/xen-pvh-common.c b/hw/xen/xen-pvh-common.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/xen/xen-pvh-common.c
+++ b/hw/xen/xen-pvh-common.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static inline void xenpvh_gpex_init(XenPVHMachineState *s,
      */
     assert(xpc->set_pci_intx_irq);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         qemu_irq irq = qemu_allocate_irq(xpc->set_pci_intx_irq, s, i);
 
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, irq);
diff --git a/hw/xtensa/virt.c b/hw/xtensa/virt.c
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/xtensa/virt.c
+++ b/hw/xtensa/virt.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ static void create_pcie(MachineState *ms, CPUXtensaState *env, int irq_base,
     /* Connect IRQ lines. */
     extints = xtensa_get_extints(env);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
         void *q = extints[irq_base + i];
 
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, q);
diff --git a/include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h b/include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h
+++ b/include/hw/pci-host/gpex.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(GPEXHost, GPEX_HOST)
 #define TYPE_GPEX_ROOT_DEVICE "gpex-root"
 OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(GPEXRootState, GPEX_ROOT_DEVICE)
 
-#define GPEX_NUM_IRQS 4
-
 struct GPEXRootState {
     /*< private >*/
     PCIDevice parent_obj;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ struct GPEXConfig {
     PCIBus      *bus;
 };
 
+typedef struct GPEXIrq GPEXIrq;
 struct GPEXHost {
     /*< private >*/
     PCIExpressHost parent_obj;
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ struct GPEXHost {
     MemoryRegion io_mmio;
     MemoryRegion io_ioport_window;
     MemoryRegion io_mmio_window;
-    qemu_irq irq[GPEX_NUM_IRQS];
-    int irq_num[GPEX_NUM_IRQS];
+    GPEXIrq *irq;
+    uint8_t num_irqs;
 
     bool allow_unmapped_accesses;
 
-- 
2.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

VMApple contains an "aes" engine device that it uses to encrypt and
decrypt its nvram. It has trivial hard coded keys it uses for that
purpose.

Add device emulation for this device model.

v3:

* Rebased on latest upstream and fixed minor breakages.
 * Replaced legacy device reset method with Resettable method

v4:

* Improved logging of unimplemented functions and guest errors.
 * Better adherence to naming and coding conventions.
 * Cleaner error handling and recovery, including using g_autoptr

v5:

* More logging improvements
 * Use xxx64_overflow() functions for hexdump buffer size calculations.

v7:

* Coding style tweaks.

v8:

* Further improved logging of guest errors.

v9:

* Replaced a use of cpu_physical_memory_write with dma_memory_write.
 * Dropped unnecessary use of ternary operator for bool -> 0/1.

v10:

* Code style and comment improvements.

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

The VMApple machine exposes AUX and ROOT block devices (as well as USB OTG
emulation) via virtio-pci as well as a special, simple backdoor platform
device.

This patch implements this backdoor platform device to the best of my
understanding. I left out any USB OTG parts; they're only needed for
guest recovery and I don't understand the protocol yet.

v4:

* Moved most header code to .c, rest to vmapple.h
 * Better compliance with coding, naming, and formatting conventions.

v8:

* Replaced uses of cpu_physical_memory_read with dma_memory_read.
 * Replaced an instance of g_free with g_autofree.

v9:

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

This patch models this configuration space as a qdev device which we can
then map at the fixed location in the address space. That way, we can
influence and annotate all configuration fields easily.

v3:

* Replaced legacy device reset method with Resettable method

v4:

* Fixed initialisation of default values for properties
 * Dropped superfluous endianness conversions
 * Moved most header code to .c, device name #define goes in vmapple.h

v5:

* Improved error reporting in case of string property buffer overflow.

v7:

* Changed error messages for overrun of properties with
   fixed-length strings to be more useful to users than developers.

v8:

* Consistent parenthesising of macro arguments for better safety.

v10:

* Slightly tidier error reporting for overlong property values.

diff --git a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ config VMAPPLE_AES
 config VMAPPLE_BDIF
     bool
 
+config VMAPPLE_CFG
+    bool
+
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/cfg.c b/hw/vmapple/cfg.c
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/vmapple/cfg.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * VMApple Configuration Region
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "hw/vmapple/vmapple.h"
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qemu/module.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "net/net.h"
+
+OBJECT_DECLARE_SIMPLE_TYPE(VMAppleCfgState, VMAPPLE_CFG)
+
+#define VMAPPLE_CFG_SIZE 0x00010000
+
+typedef struct VMAppleCfg {
+    uint32_t version;         /* 0x000 */
+    uint32_t nr_cpus;         /* 0x004 */
+    uint32_t unk1;            /* 0x008 */
+    uint32_t unk2;            /* 0x00c */
+    uint32_t unk3;            /* 0x010 */
+    uint32_t unk4;            /* 0x014 */
+    uint64_t ecid;            /* 0x018 */
+    uint64_t ram_size;        /* 0x020 */
+    uint32_t run_installer1;  /* 0x028 */
+    uint32_t unk5;            /* 0x02c */
+    uint32_t unk6;            /* 0x030 */
+    uint32_t run_installer2;  /* 0x034 */
+    uint32_t rnd;             /* 0x038 */
+    uint32_t unk7;            /* 0x03c */
+    MACAddr mac_en0;          /* 0x040 */
+    uint8_t pad1[2];
+    MACAddr mac_en1;          /* 0x048 */
+    uint8_t pad2[2];
+    MACAddr mac_wifi0;        /* 0x050 */
+    uint8_t pad3[2];
+    MACAddr mac_bt0;          /* 0x058 */
+    uint8_t pad4[2];
+    uint8_t reserved[0xa0];   /* 0x060 */
+    uint32_t cpu_ids[0x80];   /* 0x100 */
+    uint8_t scratch[0x200];   /* 0x180 */
+    char serial[32];          /* 0x380 */
+    char unk8[32];            /* 0x3a0 */
+    char model[32];           /* 0x3c0 */
+    uint8_t unk9[32];         /* 0x3e0 */
+    uint32_t unk10;           /* 0x400 */
+    char soc_name[32];        /* 0x404 */
+} VMAppleCfg;
+
+struct VMAppleCfgState {
+    SysBusDevice parent_obj;
+    VMAppleCfg cfg;
+
+    MemoryRegion mem;
+    char *serial;
+    char *model;
+    char *soc_name;
+};
+
+static void vmapple_cfg_reset(Object *obj, ResetType type)
+{
+    VMAppleCfgState *s = VMAPPLE_CFG(obj);
+    VMAppleCfg *cfg;
+
+    cfg = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->mem);
+    memset(cfg, 0, VMAPPLE_CFG_SIZE);
+    *cfg = s->cfg;
+}
+
+static bool set_fixlen_property_or_error(char *restrict dst,
+                                         const char *restrict src,
+                                         size_t dst_size, Error **errp,
+                                         const char *property_name)
+{
+    ERRP_GUARD();
+    size_t len;
+
+    len = g_strlcpy(dst, src, dst_size);
+    if (len < dst_size) { /* len does not count nul terminator */
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    error_setg(errp, "Provided value too long for property '%s'", property_name);
+    error_append_hint(errp, "length (%zu) exceeds maximum of %zu\n",
+                      len, dst_size - 1);
+    return false;
+}
+
+#define set_fixlen_property_or_return(dst_array, src, errp, property_name) \
+    do { \
+        if (!set_fixlen_property_or_error((dst_array), (src), \
+                                          ARRAY_SIZE(dst_array), \
+                                          (errp), (property_name))) { \
+            return; \
+        } \
+    } while (0)
+
+static void vmapple_cfg_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    VMAppleCfgState *s = VMAPPLE_CFG(dev);
+    uint32_t i;
+
+    if (!s->serial) {
+        s->serial = g_strdup("1234");
+    }
+    if (!s->model) {
+        s->model = g_strdup("VM0001");
+    }
+    if (!s->soc_name) {
+        s->soc_name = g_strdup("Apple M1 (Virtual)");
+    }
+
+    set_fixlen_property_or_return(s->cfg.serial, s->serial, errp, "serial");
+    set_fixlen_property_or_return(s->cfg.model, s->model, errp, "model");
+    set_fixlen_property_or_return(s->cfg.soc_name, s->soc_name, errp, "soc_name");
+    set_fixlen_property_or_return(s->cfg.unk8, "D/A", errp, "unk8");
+    s->cfg.version = 2;
+    s->cfg.unk1 = 1;
+    s->cfg.unk2 = 1;
+    s->cfg.unk3 = 0x20;
+    s->cfg.unk4 = 0;
+    s->cfg.unk5 = 1;
+    s->cfg.unk6 = 1;
+    s->cfg.unk7 = 0;
+    s->cfg.unk10 = 1;
+
+    if (s->cfg.nr_cpus > ARRAY_SIZE(s->cfg.cpu_ids)) {
+        error_setg(errp,
+                   "Failed to create %u CPUs, vmapple machine supports %zu max",
+                   s->cfg.nr_cpus, ARRAY_SIZE(s->cfg.cpu_ids));
+        return;
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < s->cfg.nr_cpus; i++) {
+        s->cfg.cpu_ids[i] = i;
+    }
+}
+
+static void vmapple_cfg_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    VMAppleCfgState *s = VMAPPLE_CFG(obj);
+
+    memory_region_init_ram(&s->mem, obj, "VMApple Config", VMAPPLE_CFG_SIZE,
+                           &error_fatal);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj), &s->mem);
+}
+
+static Property vmapple_cfg_properties[] = {
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("nr-cpus", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.nr_cpus, 1),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT64("ecid", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.ecid, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT64("ram-size", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.ram_size, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("run_installer1", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.run_installer1, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("run_installer2", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.run_installer2, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("rnd", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.rnd, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_MACADDR("mac-en0", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.mac_en0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_MACADDR("mac-en1", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.mac_en1),
+    DEFINE_PROP_MACADDR("mac-wifi0", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.mac_wifi0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_MACADDR("mac-bt0", VMAppleCfgState, cfg.mac_bt0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("serial", VMAppleCfgState, serial),
+    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("model", VMAppleCfgState, model),
+    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("soc_name", VMAppleCfgState, soc_name),
+    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
+};
+
+static void vmapple_cfg_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    dc->realize = vmapple_cfg_realize;
+    dc->desc = "VMApple Configuration Region";
+    device_class_set_props(dc, vmapple_cfg_properties);
+    rc->phases.hold = vmapple_cfg_reset;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo vmapple_cfg_info = {
+    .name          = TYPE_VMAPPLE_CFG,
+    .parent        = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(VMAppleCfgState),
+    .instance_init = vmapple_cfg_init,
+    .class_init    = vmapple_cfg_class_init,
+};
+
+static void vmapple_cfg_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&vmapple_cfg_info);
+}
+
+type_init(vmapple_cfg_register_types)
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/meson.build b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/meson.build
+++ b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_AES',  if_true: files('aes.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_BDIF', if_true: files('bdif.c'))
+system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_CFG',  if_true: files('cfg.c'))
diff --git a/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h b/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
+++ b/include/hw/vmapple/vmapple.h
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
 
 #define TYPE_VMAPPLE_BDIF "vmapple-bdif"
 
+#define TYPE_VMAPPLE_CFG "vmapple-cfg"
+
 #endif /* HW_VMAPPLE_VMAPPLE_H */
-- 
2.39.5 (Apple Git-154)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

The 'aux' or 'root' device type are selected using the 'variant' property.

v4:

* Use recommended object type declaration pattern.
 * Correctly log unimplemented code paths.
 * Most header code moved to .c, type name #defines moved to vmapple.h

v5:

* Corrected handling of potentially unaligned writes to virtio config area.
 * Simplified passing through device variant type to subobject.

v9:

* Correctly specify class_size for VMAppleVirtIOBlkClass

v10:

The virtio_blk_free_request() function has been a 1-liner forwarding
to g_free() for a while now. We may as well call g_free on the request
pointer directly.

Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---
 hw/block/virtio-blk.c          | 43 +++++++++++++++-------------------
 hw/vmapple/virtio-blk.c        |  2 +-
 include/hw/virtio/virtio-blk.h |  1 -
 3 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

From: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>

$ qemu-system-aarch64 -accel hvf -M vmapple,uuid=0x1234 -m 4G \
    -bios /System/Library/Frameworks/Virtualization.framework/Versions/A/Resources/AVPBooter.vmapple2.bin
    -drive file=aux,if=pflash,format=raw \
    -drive file=root,if=pflash,format=raw \
    -drive file=aux,if=none,id=aux,format=raw \
    -device vmapple-virtio-blk-pci,variant=aux,drive=aux \
    -drive file=root,if=none,id=root,format=raw \
    -device vmapple-virtio-blk-pci,variant=root,drive=root

With all these in place, you should be able to see macOS booting
successfully.

Known issues:
 - Keyboard and mouse/tablet input is laggy. The reason is a quirk/bug
   in macOS's XHCI driver when using pin-based interrupts instead of
   MSI-X. A workaround is in the works.
 - Currently only macOS 12 guests are supported. The boot process for
   13+ will need further investigation and adjustment.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Co-authored-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
---

v7:
 * Tiny error handling fix, un-inlined function.

v8:
 * Use object_property_add_uint64_ptr rather than defining custom UUID
   property get/set functions.

v9:
 * Documentation improvements
 * Fixed variable name and struct field used during pvpanic device creation.

v10:
 * Documentation fixup for changed virtio-blk device type.
 * Small improvements to shell commands in documentation.
 * Improved propagation of errors during cfg device instantiation.

v11:
 * Quoted more strings in the documentation's shell script code.

v13:
 * Bumped the machine type version from 9.2 to 10.0.

diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ R: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
 S: Maintained
 F: hw/vmapple/*
 F: include/hw/vmapple/*
+F: docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst
 
 Subsystems
 ----------
diff --git a/contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh b/contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh
new file mode 100755
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Used for converting a guest provisioned using Virtualization.framework
+# for use with the QEMU 'vmapple' aarch64 machine type.
+#
+# Extracts the Machine UUID from Virtualization.framework VM JSON file.
+# (as produced by 'macosvm', passed as command line argument)
+
+plutil -extract machineId raw "$1" | base64 -d | plutil -extract ECID raw -
+
diff --git a/docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst b/docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/system/arm/vmapple.rst
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+VMApple machine emulation
+========================================================================================
+
+VMApple is the device model that the macOS built-in hypervisor called "Virtualization.framework"
+exposes to Apple Silicon macOS guests. The "vmapple" machine model in QEMU implements the same
+device model, but does not use any code from Virtualization.Framework.
+
+Prerequisites
+-------------
+
+To run the vmapple machine model, you need to
+
+ * Run on Apple Silicon
+ * Run on macOS 12.0 or above
+ * Have an already installed copy of a Virtualization.Framework macOS 12 virtual
+   machine. Note that newer versions than 12.x are currently NOT supported on
+   the guest side. I will assume that you installed it using the
+   `macosvm <https://github.com/s-u/macosvm>` CLI.
+
+First, we need to extract the UUID from the virtual machine that you installed. You can do this
+by running the shell script in contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh on the macosvm.json file.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+  :caption: uuid.sh script to extract the UUID from a macosvm.json file
+
+  $ contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh "path/to/macosvm.json"
+
+Now we also need to trim the aux partition. It contains metadata that we can just discard:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+  :caption: Command to trim the aux file
+
+  $ dd if="aux.img" of="aux.img.trimmed" bs=$(( 0x4000 )) skip=1
+
+How to run
+----------
+
+Then, we can launch QEMU with the Virtualization.Framework pre-boot environment and the readily
+installed target disk images. I recommend to port forward the VM's ssh and vnc ports to the host
+to get better interactive access into the target system:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+  :caption: Example execution command line
+
+  $ UUID="$(contrib/vmapple/uuid.sh 'macosvm.json')"
+  $ AVPBOOTER="/System/Library/Frameworks/Virtualization.framework/Resources/AVPBooter.vmapple2.bin"
+  $ AUX="aux.img.trimmed"
+  $ DISK="disk.img"
+  $ qemu-system-aarch64 \
+       -serial mon:stdio \
+       -m 4G \
+       -accel hvf \
+       -M vmapple,uuid="$UUID" \
+       -bios "$AVPBOOTER" \
+       -drive file="$AUX",if=pflash,format=raw \
+       -drive file="$DISK",if=pflash,format=raw \
+       -drive file="$AUX",if=none,id=aux,format=raw \
+       -drive file="$DISK",if=none,id=root,format=raw \
+       -device vmapple-virtio-blk-pci,variant=aux,drive=aux \
+       -device vmapple-virtio-blk-pci,variant=root,drive=root \
+       -netdev user,id=net0,ipv6=off,hostfwd=tcp::2222-:22,hostfwd=tcp::5901-:5900 \
+       -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0
+
diff --git a/docs/system/target-arm.rst b/docs/system/target-arm.rst
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/docs/system/target-arm.rst
+++ b/docs/system/target-arm.rst
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ Board-specific documentation
    arm/stellaris
    arm/stm32
    arm/virt
+   arm/vmapple
    arm/xenpvh
    arm/xlnx-versal-virt
    arm/xlnx-zynq
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
+++ b/hw/vmapple/Kconfig
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ config VMAPPLE_CFG
 config VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK
     bool
 
+config VMAPPLE
+    bool
+    depends on ARM
+    depends on HVF
+    default y if ARM
+    imply PCI_DEVICES
+    select ARM_GIC
+    select PLATFORM_BUS
+    select PCI_EXPRESS
+    select PCI_EXPRESS_GENERIC_BRIDGE
+    select PL011 # UART
+    select PL031 # RTC
+    select PL061 # GPIO
+    select GPIO_PWR
+    select PVPANIC_MMIO
+    select VMAPPLE_AES
+    select VMAPPLE_BDIF
+    select VMAPPLE_CFG
+    select MAC_PVG_MMIO
+    select VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/meson.build b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX 100644
--- a/hw/vmapple/meson.build
+++ b/hw/vmapple/meson.build
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@ system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_AES',  if_true: files('aes.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_BDIF', if_true: files('bdif.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_CFG',  if_true: files('cfg.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE_VIRTIO_BLK',  if_true: files('virtio-blk.c'))
+specific_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_VMAPPLE',     if_true: files('vmapple.c'))
diff --git a/hw/vmapple/vmapple.c b/hw/vmapple/vmapple.c
new file mode 100644
index XXXXXXX..XXXXXXX
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/vmapple/vmapple.c
@@ -XXX,XX +XXX,XX @@
+/*
+ * VMApple machine emulation
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2023 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+ *
+ * VMApple is the device model that the macOS built-in hypervisor called
+ * "Virtualization.framework" exposes to Apple Silicon macOS guests. The
+ * machine model in this file implements the same device model in QEMU, but
+ * does not use any code from Virtualization.Framework.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "qemu/bitops.h"
+#include "qemu/datadir.h"
+#include "qemu/error-report.h"
+#include "qemu/guest-random.h"
+#include "qemu/help-texts.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "qemu/module.h"
+#include "qemu/option.h"
+#include "qemu/units.h"
+#include "monitor/qdev.h"
+#include "hw/boards.h"
+#include "hw/irq.h"
+#include "hw/loader.h"
+#include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "hw/usb.h"
+#include "hw/arm/boot.h"
+#include "hw/arm/primecell.h"
+#include "hw/char/pl011.h"
+#include "hw/intc/arm_gic.h"
+#include "hw/intc/arm_gicv3_common.h"
+#include "hw/misc/pvpanic.h"
+#include "hw/pci-host/gpex.h"
+#include "hw/usb/xhci.h"
+#include "hw/virtio/virtio-pci.h"
+#include "hw/vmapple/vmapple.h"
+#include "net/net.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qlist.h"
+#include "qapi/visitor.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-common.h"
+#include "standard-headers/linux/input.h"
+#include "sysemu/hvf.h"
+#include "sysemu/kvm.h"
+#include "sysemu/reset.h"
+#include "sysemu/runstate.h"
+#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
+#include "target/arm/internals.h"
+#include "target/arm/kvm_arm.h"
+
+struct VMAppleMachineClass {
+    MachineClass parent;
+};
+
+struct VMAppleMachineState {
+    MachineState parent;
+
+    Notifier machine_done;
+    struct arm_boot_info bootinfo;
+    MemMapEntry *memmap;
+    const int *irqmap;
+    DeviceState *gic;
+    DeviceState *cfg;
+    DeviceState *pvpanic;
+    Notifier powerdown_notifier;
+    PCIBus *bus;
+    MemoryRegion fw_mr;
+    MemoryRegion ecam_alias;
+    uint64_t uuid;
+};
+
+#define DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_LATEST(major, minor, latest) \
+    static void vmapple##major##_##minor##_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, \
+                                                    void *data) \
+    { \
+        MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc); \
+        vmapple_machine_##major##_##minor##_options(mc); \
+        mc->desc = "QEMU " # major "." # minor " Apple Virtual Machine"; \
+        if (latest) { \
+            mc->alias = "vmapple"; \
+        } \
+    } \
+    static const TypeInfo machvmapple##major##_##minor##_info = { \
+        .name = MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("vmapple-" # major "." # minor), \
+        .parent = TYPE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE, \
+        .class_init = vmapple##major##_##minor##_class_init, \
+    }; \
+    static void machvmapple_machine_##major##_##minor##_init(void) \
+    { \
+        type_register_static(&machvmapple##major##_##minor##_info); \
+    } \
+    type_init(machvmapple_machine_##major##_##minor##_init);
+
+#define DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_AS_LATEST(major, minor) \
+    DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_LATEST(major, minor, true)
+#define DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE(major, minor) \
+    DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_LATEST(major, minor, false)
+
+#define TYPE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE   MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("vmapple")
+OBJECT_DECLARE_TYPE(VMAppleMachineState, VMAppleMachineClass, VMAPPLE_MACHINE)
+
+/* Number of external interrupt lines to configure the GIC with */
+#define NUM_IRQS 256
+
+enum {
+    VMAPPLE_FIRMWARE,
+    VMAPPLE_CONFIG,
+    VMAPPLE_MEM,
+    VMAPPLE_GIC_DIST,
+    VMAPPLE_GIC_REDIST,
+    VMAPPLE_UART,
+    VMAPPLE_RTC,
+    VMAPPLE_PCIE,
+    VMAPPLE_PCIE_MMIO,
+    VMAPPLE_PCIE_ECAM,
+    VMAPPLE_GPIO,
+    VMAPPLE_PVPANIC,
+    VMAPPLE_APV_GFX,
+    VMAPPLE_APV_IOSFC,
+    VMAPPLE_AES_1,
+    VMAPPLE_AES_2,
+    VMAPPLE_BDOOR,
+    VMAPPLE_MEMMAP_LAST,
+};
+
+static MemMapEntry memmap[] = {
+    [VMAPPLE_FIRMWARE] =           { 0x00100000, 0x00100000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_CONFIG] =             { 0x00400000, 0x00010000 },
+
+    [VMAPPLE_GIC_DIST] =           { 0x10000000, 0x00010000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_GIC_REDIST] =         { 0x10010000, 0x00400000 },
+
+    [VMAPPLE_UART] =               { 0x20010000, 0x00010000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_RTC] =                { 0x20050000, 0x00001000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_GPIO] =               { 0x20060000, 0x00001000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_PVPANIC] =            { 0x20070000, 0x00000002 },
+    [VMAPPLE_BDOOR] =              { 0x30000000, 0x00200000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_APV_GFX] =            { 0x30200000, 0x00010000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_APV_IOSFC] =          { 0x30210000, 0x00010000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_AES_1] =              { 0x30220000, 0x00004000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_AES_2] =              { 0x30230000, 0x00004000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_PCIE_ECAM] =          { 0x40000000, 0x10000000 },
+    [VMAPPLE_PCIE_MMIO] =          { 0x50000000, 0x1fff0000 },
+
+    /* Actual RAM size depends on configuration */
+    [VMAPPLE_MEM] =                { 0x70000000ULL, GiB},
+};
+
+static const int irqmap[] = {
+    [VMAPPLE_UART] = 1,
+    [VMAPPLE_RTC] = 2,
+    [VMAPPLE_GPIO] = 0x5,
+    [VMAPPLE_APV_IOSFC] = 0x10,
+    [VMAPPLE_APV_GFX] = 0x11,
+    [VMAPPLE_AES_1] = 0x12,
+    [VMAPPLE_PCIE] = 0x20,
+};
+
+#define GPEX_NUM_IRQS 16
+
+static void create_bdif(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    DeviceState *bdif;
+    SysBusDevice *bdif_sb;
+    DriveInfo *di_aux = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, 0);
+    DriveInfo *di_root = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, 1);
+
+    if (!di_aux) {
+        error_report("No AUX device. Please specify one as pflash drive.");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if (!di_root) {
+        /* Fall back to the first IF_VIRTIO device as root device */
+        di_root = drive_get(IF_VIRTIO, 0, 0);
+    }
+
+    if (!di_root) {
+        error_report("No root device. Please specify one as virtio drive.");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    /* PV backdoor device */
+    bdif = qdev_new(TYPE_VMAPPLE_BDIF);
+    bdif_sb = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(bdif);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(bdif_sb, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_BDOOR].base);
+
+    qdev_prop_set_drive(DEVICE(bdif), "aux", blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di_aux));
+    qdev_prop_set_drive(DEVICE(bdif), "root", blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di_root));
+
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(bdif_sb, &error_fatal);
+}
+
+static void create_pvpanic(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    SysBusDevice *pvpanic;
+
+    vms->pvpanic = qdev_new(TYPE_PVPANIC_MMIO_DEVICE);
+    pvpanic = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(vms->pvpanic);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(pvpanic, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_PVPANIC].base);
+
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(pvpanic, &error_fatal);
+}
+
+static bool create_cfg(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem,
+                       Error **errp)
+{
+    ERRP_GUARD();
+    SysBusDevice *cfg;
+    MachineState *machine = MACHINE(vms);
+    uint32_t rnd = 1;
+
+    vms->cfg = qdev_new(TYPE_VMAPPLE_CFG);
+    cfg = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(vms->cfg);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(cfg, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_CONFIG].base);
+
+    qemu_guest_getrandom_nofail(&rnd, sizeof(rnd));
+
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->cfg, "nr-cpus", machine->smp.cpus);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint64(vms->cfg, "ecid", vms->uuid);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint64(vms->cfg, "ram-size", machine->ram_size);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->cfg, "rnd", rnd);
+
+    if (!sysbus_realize_and_unref(cfg, errp)) {
+        error_prepend(errp, "Error creating vmapple cfg device: ");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void create_gfx(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    int irq_gfx = vms->irqmap[VMAPPLE_APV_GFX];
+    int irq_iosfc = vms->irqmap[VMAPPLE_APV_IOSFC];
+    SysBusDevice *gfx;
+
+    gfx = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(qdev_new("apple-gfx-mmio"));
+    sysbus_mmio_map(gfx, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_APV_GFX].base);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(gfx, 1, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_APV_IOSFC].base);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(gfx, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq_gfx));
+    sysbus_connect_irq(gfx, 1, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq_iosfc));
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(gfx, &error_fatal);
+}
+
+static void create_aes(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    int irq = vms->irqmap[VMAPPLE_AES_1];
+    SysBusDevice *aes;
+
+    aes = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(qdev_new(TYPE_APPLE_AES));
+    sysbus_mmio_map(aes, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_AES_1].base);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(aes, 1, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_AES_2].base);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(aes, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(aes, &error_fatal);
+}
+
+static int arm_gic_ppi_index(int cpu_nr, int ppi_index)
+{
+    return NUM_IRQS + cpu_nr * GIC_INTERNAL + ppi_index;
+}
+
+static void create_gic(VMAppleMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
+    /* We create a standalone GIC */
+    SysBusDevice *gicbusdev;
+    QList *redist_region_count;
+    int i;
+    unsigned int smp_cpus = ms->smp.cpus;
+
+    vms->gic = qdev_new(gicv3_class_name());
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "revision", 3);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "num-cpu", smp_cpus);
+    /*
+     * Note that the num-irq property counts both internal and external
+     * interrupts; there are always 32 of the former (mandated by GIC spec).
+     */
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "num-irq", NUM_IRQS + 32);
+
+    uint32_t redist0_capacity =
+                vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_GIC_REDIST].size / GICV3_REDIST_SIZE;
+    uint32_t redist0_count = MIN(smp_cpus, redist0_capacity);
+
+    redist_region_count = qlist_new();
+    qlist_append_int(redist_region_count, redist0_count);
+    qdev_prop_set_array(vms->gic, "redist-region-count", redist_region_count);
+
+    gicbusdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(vms->gic);
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(gicbusdev, &error_fatal);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 0, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_GIC_DIST].base);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 1, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_GIC_REDIST].base);
+
+    /*
+     * Wire the outputs from each CPU's generic timer and the GICv3
+     * maintenance interrupt signal to the appropriate GIC PPI inputs,
+     * and the GIC's IRQ/FIQ/VIRQ/VFIQ interrupt outputs to the CPU's inputs.
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i < smp_cpus; i++) {
+        DeviceState *cpudev = DEVICE(qemu_get_cpu(i));
+
+        /* Map the virt timer to PPI 27 */
+        qdev_connect_gpio_out(cpudev, GTIMER_VIRT,
+                              qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic,
+                                               arm_gic_ppi_index(i, 27)));
+
+        /* Map the GIC IRQ and FIQ lines to CPU */
+        sysbus_connect_irq(gicbusdev, i, qdev_get_gpio_in(cpudev, ARM_CPU_IRQ));
+        sysbus_connect_irq(gicbusdev, i + smp_cpus,
+                           qdev_get_gpio_in(cpudev, ARM_CPU_FIQ));
+    }
+}
+
+static void create_uart(const VMAppleMachineState *vms, int uart,
+                        MemoryRegion *mem, Chardev *chr)
+{
+    hwaddr base = vms->memmap[uart].base;
+    int irq = vms->irqmap[uart];
+    DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PL011);
+    SysBusDevice *s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
+
+    qdev_prop_set_chr(dev, "chardev", chr);
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
+    memory_region_add_subregion(mem, base,
+                                sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 0));
+    sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
+}
+
+static void create_rtc(const VMAppleMachineState *vms)
+{
+    hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_RTC].base;
+    int irq = vms->irqmap[VMAPPLE_RTC];
+
+    sysbus_create_simple("pl031", base, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
+}
+
+static DeviceState *gpio_key_dev;
+static void vmapple_powerdown_req(Notifier *n, void *opaque)
+{
+    /* use gpio Pin 3 for power button event */
+    qemu_set_irq(qdev_get_gpio_in(gpio_key_dev, 0), 1);
+}
+
+static void create_gpio_devices(const VMAppleMachineState *vms, int gpio,
+                                MemoryRegion *mem)
+{
+    DeviceState *pl061_dev;
+    hwaddr base = vms->memmap[gpio].base;
+    int irq = vms->irqmap[gpio];
+    SysBusDevice *s;
+
+    pl061_dev = qdev_new("pl061");
+    /* Pull lines down to 0 if not driven by the PL061 */
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(pl061_dev, "pullups", 0);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(pl061_dev, "pulldowns", 0xff);
+    s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pl061_dev);
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
+    memory_region_add_subregion(mem, base, sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 0));
+    sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
+    gpio_key_dev = sysbus_create_simple("gpio-key", -1,
+                                        qdev_get_gpio_in(pl061_dev, 3));
+}
+
+static void vmapple_firmware_init(VMAppleMachineState *vms,
+                                  MemoryRegion *sysmem)
+{
+    hwaddr size = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_FIRMWARE].size;
+    hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_FIRMWARE].base;
+    const char *bios_name;
+    int image_size;
+    char *fname;
+
+    bios_name = MACHINE(vms)->firmware;
+    if (!bios_name) {
+        error_report("No firmware specified");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    fname = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
+    if (!fname) {
+        error_report("Could not find ROM image '%s'", bios_name);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    memory_region_init_ram(&vms->fw_mr, NULL, "firmware", size, &error_fatal);
+    image_size = load_image_mr(fname, &vms->fw_mr);
+
+    g_free(fname);
+    if (image_size < 0) {
+        error_report("Could not load ROM image '%s'", bios_name);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), base, &vms->fw_mr);
+}
+
+static void create_pcie(VMAppleMachineState *vms)
+{
+    hwaddr base_mmio = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_PCIE_MMIO].base;
+    hwaddr size_mmio = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_PCIE_MMIO].size;
+    hwaddr base_ecam = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_PCIE_ECAM].base;
+    hwaddr size_ecam = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_PCIE_ECAM].size;
+    int irq = vms->irqmap[VMAPPLE_PCIE];
+    MemoryRegion *mmio_alias;
+    MemoryRegion *mmio_reg;
+    MemoryRegion *ecam_reg;
+    DeviceState *dev;
+    int i;
+    PCIHostState *pci;
+    DeviceState *usb_controller;
+    USBBus *usb_bus;
+
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_GPEX_HOST);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-irqs", GPEX_NUM_IRQS);
+    sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
+
+    /* Map only the first size_ecam bytes of ECAM space */
+    ecam_reg = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0);
+    memory_region_init_alias(&vms->ecam_alias, OBJECT(dev), "pcie-ecam",
+                             ecam_reg, 0, size_ecam);
+    memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), base_ecam,
+                                &vms->ecam_alias);
+
+    /*
+     * Map the MMIO window from [0x50000000-0x7fff0000] in PCI space into
+     * system address space at [0x50000000-0x7fff0000].
+     */
+    mmio_alias = g_new0(MemoryRegion, 1);
+    mmio_reg = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 1);
+    memory_region_init_alias(mmio_alias, OBJECT(dev), "pcie-mmio",
+                             mmio_reg, base_mmio, size_mmio);
+    memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), base_mmio, mmio_alias);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
+        sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
+                           qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq + i));
+        gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(dev), i, irq + i);
+    }
+
+    pci = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
+    vms->bus = pci->bus;
+    g_assert(vms->bus);
+
+    while ((dev = qemu_create_nic_device("virtio-net-pci", true, NULL))) {
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, BUS(vms->bus), &error_fatal);
+    }
+
+    usb_controller = qdev_new(TYPE_QEMU_XHCI);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(usb_controller, BUS(pci->bus), &error_fatal);
+
+    usb_bus = USB_BUS(object_resolve_type_unambiguous(TYPE_USB_BUS,
+                                                      &error_fatal));
+    usb_create_simple(usb_bus, "usb-kbd");
+    usb_create_simple(usb_bus, "usb-tablet");
+}
+
+static void vmapple_reset(void *opaque)
+{
+    VMAppleMachineState *vms = opaque;
+    hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_FIRMWARE].base;
+
+    cpu_set_pc(first_cpu, base);
+}
+
+static void mach_vmapple_init(MachineState *machine)
+{
+    VMAppleMachineState *vms = VMAPPLE_MACHINE(machine);
+    MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
+    const CPUArchIdList *possible_cpus;
+    MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
+    int n;
+    unsigned int smp_cpus = machine->smp.cpus;
+    unsigned int max_cpus = machine->smp.max_cpus;
+
+    vms->memmap = memmap;
+    machine->usb = true;
+
+    possible_cpus = mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids(machine);
+    assert(possible_cpus->len == max_cpus);
+    for (n = 0; n < possible_cpus->len; n++) {
+        Object *cpu;
+        CPUState *cs;
+
+        if (n >= smp_cpus) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        cpu = object_new(possible_cpus->cpus[n].type);
+        object_property_set_int(cpu, "mp-affinity",
+                                possible_cpus->cpus[n].arch_id, &error_fatal);
+
+        cs = CPU(cpu);
+        cs->cpu_index = n;
+
+        numa_cpu_pre_plug(&possible_cpus->cpus[cs->cpu_index], DEVICE(cpu),
+                          &error_fatal);
+
+        if (object_property_find(cpu, "has_el3")) {
+            object_property_set_bool(cpu, "has_el3", false, &error_fatal);
+        }
+        if (object_property_find(cpu, "has_el2")) {
+            object_property_set_bool(cpu, "has_el2", false, &error_fatal);
+        }
+        object_property_set_int(cpu, "psci-conduit", QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_HVC,
+                                &error_fatal);
+
+        /* Secondary CPUs start in PSCI powered-down state */
+        if (n > 0) {
+            object_property_set_bool(cpu, "start-powered-off", true,
+                                     &error_fatal);
+        }
+
+        object_property_set_link(cpu, "memory", OBJECT(sysmem), &error_abort);
+        qdev_realize(DEVICE(cpu), NULL, &error_fatal);
+        object_unref(cpu);
+    }
+
+    memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_MEM].base,
+                                machine->ram);
+
+    create_gic(vms, sysmem);
+    create_bdif(vms, sysmem);
+    create_pvpanic(vms, sysmem);
+    create_aes(vms, sysmem);
+    create_gfx(vms, sysmem);
+    create_uart(vms, VMAPPLE_UART, sysmem, serial_hd(0));
+    create_rtc(vms);
+    create_pcie(vms);
+
+    create_gpio_devices(vms, VMAPPLE_GPIO, sysmem);
+
+    vmapple_firmware_init(vms, sysmem);
+    create_cfg(vms, sysmem, &error_fatal);
+
+    /* connect powerdown request */
+    vms->powerdown_notifier.notify = vmapple_powerdown_req;
+    qemu_register_powerdown_notifier(&vms->powerdown_notifier);
+
+    vms->bootinfo.ram_size = machine->ram_size;
+    vms->bootinfo.board_id = -1;
+    vms->bootinfo.loader_start = vms->memmap[VMAPPLE_MEM].base;
+    vms->bootinfo.skip_dtb_autoload = true;
+    vms->bootinfo.firmware_loaded = true;
+    arm_load_kernel(ARM_CPU(first_cpu), machine, &vms->bootinfo);
+
+    qemu_register_reset(vmapple_reset, vms);
+}
+
+static CpuInstanceProperties
+vmapple_cpu_index_to_props(MachineState *ms, unsigned cpu_index)
+{
+    MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(ms);
+    const CPUArchIdList *possible_cpus = mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids(ms);
+
+    assert(cpu_index < possible_cpus->len);
+    return possible_cpus->cpus[cpu_index].props;
+}
+
+
+static int64_t vmapple_get_default_cpu_node_id(const MachineState *ms, int idx)
+{
+    return idx % ms->numa_state->num_nodes;
+}
+
+static const CPUArchIdList *vmapple_possible_cpu_arch_ids(MachineState *ms)
+{
+    int n;
+    unsigned int max_cpus = ms->smp.max_cpus;
+
+    if (ms->possible_cpus) {
+        assert(ms->possible_cpus->len == max_cpus);
+        return ms->possible_cpus;
+    }
+
+    ms->possible_cpus = g_malloc0(sizeof(CPUArchIdList) +
+                                  sizeof(CPUArchId) * max_cpus);
+    ms->possible_cpus->len = max_cpus;
+    for (n = 0; n < ms->possible_cpus->len; n++) {
+        ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].type = ms->cpu_type;
+        ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].arch_id =
+            arm_build_mp_affinity(n, GICV3_TARGETLIST_BITS);
+        ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.has_thread_id = true;
+        ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.thread_id = n;
+    }
+    return ms->possible_cpus;
+}
+
+static void vmapple_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
+{
+    MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
+
+    mc->init = mach_vmapple_init;
+    mc->max_cpus = 32;
+    mc->block_default_type = IF_VIRTIO;
+    mc->no_cdrom = 1;
+    mc->pci_allow_0_address = true;
+    mc->minimum_page_bits = 12;
+    mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids = vmapple_possible_cpu_arch_ids;
+    mc->cpu_index_to_instance_props = vmapple_cpu_index_to_props;
+    mc->default_cpu_type = ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("host");
+    mc->get_default_cpu_node_id = vmapple_get_default_cpu_node_id;
+    mc->default_ram_id = "mach-vmapple.ram";
+
+    object_register_sugar_prop(TYPE_VIRTIO_PCI, "disable-legacy",
+                               "on", true);
+}
+
+static void vmapple_instance_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    VMAppleMachineState *vms = VMAPPLE_MACHINE(obj);
+
+    vms->irqmap = irqmap;
+
+    object_property_add_uint64_ptr(obj, "uuid", &vms->uuid,
+                                   OBJ_PROP_FLAG_READWRITE);
+    object_property_set_description(obj, "uuid", "Machine UUID (SDOM)");
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo vmapple_machine_info = {
+    .name          = TYPE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE,
+    .parent        = TYPE_MACHINE,
+    .abstract      = true,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(VMAppleMachineState),
+    .class_size    = sizeof(VMAppleMachineClass),
+    .class_init    = vmapple_machine_class_init,
+    .instance_init = vmapple_instance_init,
+};
+
+static void machvmapple_machine_init(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&vmapple_machine_info);
+}
+type_init(machvmapple_machine_init);
+
+static void vmapple_machine_10_0_options(MachineClass *mc)
+{
+}
+DEFINE_VMAPPLE_MACHINE_AS_LATEST(10, 0)
+
-- 
2.39.5 (Apple Git-154)