[PATCH v2 15/29] migration/ram: Add support for 'fixed-ram' outgoing migration

Fabiano Rosas posted 29 patches 2 years, 2 months ago
Maintainers: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>, Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>, Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>, Leonardo Bras <leobras@redhat.com>, Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>, David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>, "Philippe Mathieu-Daudé" <philmd@linaro.org>, "Daniel P. Berrangé" <berrange@redhat.com>, Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>, Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>, Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>, Laurent Vivier <lvivier@redhat.com>
There is a newer version of this series
[PATCH v2 15/29] migration/ram: Add support for 'fixed-ram' outgoing migration
Posted by Fabiano Rosas 2 years, 2 months ago
From: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>

Implement the outgoing migration side for the 'fixed-ram' capability.

A bitmap is introduced to track which pages have been written in the
migration file. Pages are written at a fixed location for every
ramblock. Zero pages are ignored as they'd be zero in the destination
migration as well.

The migration stream is altered to put the dirty pages for a ramblock
after its header instead of having a sequential stream of pages that
follow the ramblock headers. Since all pages have a fixed location,
RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS is no longer generated on every migration iteration.

Without fixed-ram (current):

ramblock 1 header|ramblock 2 header|...|RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS|stream of
 pages (iter 1)|RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS|stream of pages (iter 2)|...

With fixed-ram (new):

ramblock 1 header|ramblock 1 fixed-ram header|ramblock 1 pages (fixed
 offsets)|ramblock 2 header|ramblock 2 fixed-ram header|ramblock 2
 pages (fixed offsets)|...|RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS

where:
 - ramblock header: the generic information for a ramblock, such as
   idstr, used_len, etc.

 - ramblock fixed-ram header: the new information added by this
   feature: bitmap of pages written, bitmap size and offset of pages
   in the migration file.

Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
---
 include/exec/ramblock.h |  8 ++++
 migration/options.c     |  3 --
 migration/ram.c         | 98 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 3 files changed, 96 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/exec/ramblock.h b/include/exec/ramblock.h
index 69c6a53902..e0e3f16852 100644
--- a/include/exec/ramblock.h
+++ b/include/exec/ramblock.h
@@ -44,6 +44,14 @@ struct RAMBlock {
     size_t page_size;
     /* dirty bitmap used during migration */
     unsigned long *bmap;
+    /* shadow dirty bitmap used when migrating to a file */
+    unsigned long *shadow_bmap;
+    /*
+     * offset in the file pages belonging to this ramblock are saved,
+     * used only during migration to a file.
+     */
+    off_t bitmap_offset;
+    uint64_t pages_offset;
     /* bitmap of already received pages in postcopy */
     unsigned long *receivedmap;
 
diff --git a/migration/options.c b/migration/options.c
index 2622d8c483..9f693d909f 100644
--- a/migration/options.c
+++ b/migration/options.c
@@ -271,12 +271,9 @@ bool migrate_events(void)
 
 bool migrate_fixed_ram(void)
 {
-/*
     MigrationState *s = migrate_get_current();
 
     return s->capabilities[MIGRATION_CAPABILITY_FIXED_RAM];
-*/
-    return false;
 }
 
 bool migrate_ignore_shared(void)
diff --git a/migration/ram.c b/migration/ram.c
index 92769902bb..152a03604f 100644
--- a/migration/ram.c
+++ b/migration/ram.c
@@ -1157,12 +1157,18 @@ static int save_zero_page(RAMState *rs, PageSearchStatus *pss,
         return 0;
     }
 
+    stat64_add(&mig_stats.zero_pages, 1);
+
+    if (migrate_fixed_ram()) {
+        /* zero pages are not transferred with fixed-ram */
+        clear_bit(offset >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS, pss->block->shadow_bmap);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
     len += save_page_header(pss, file, pss->block, offset | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_ZERO);
     qemu_put_byte(file, 0);
     len += 1;
     ram_release_page(pss->block->idstr, offset);
-
-    stat64_add(&mig_stats.zero_pages, 1);
     ram_transferred_add(len);
 
     /*
@@ -1220,14 +1226,20 @@ static int save_normal_page(PageSearchStatus *pss, RAMBlock *block,
 {
     QEMUFile *file = pss->pss_channel;
 
-    ram_transferred_add(save_page_header(pss, pss->pss_channel, block,
-                                         offset | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE));
-    if (async) {
-        qemu_put_buffer_async(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
-                              migrate_release_ram() &&
-                              migration_in_postcopy());
+    if (migrate_fixed_ram()) {
+        qemu_put_buffer_at(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
+                           block->pages_offset + offset);
+        set_bit(offset >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS, block->shadow_bmap);
     } else {
-        qemu_put_buffer(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
+        ram_transferred_add(save_page_header(pss, pss->pss_channel, block,
+                                             offset | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE));
+        if (async) {
+            qemu_put_buffer_async(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
+                                  migrate_release_ram() &&
+                                  migration_in_postcopy());
+        } else {
+            qemu_put_buffer(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
+        }
     }
     ram_transferred_add(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
     stat64_add(&mig_stats.normal_pages, 1);
@@ -2475,6 +2487,8 @@ static void ram_save_cleanup(void *opaque)
         block->clear_bmap = NULL;
         g_free(block->bmap);
         block->bmap = NULL;
+        g_free(block->shadow_bmap);
+        block->shadow_bmap = NULL;
     }
 
     xbzrle_cleanup();
@@ -2842,6 +2856,7 @@ static void ram_list_init_bitmaps(void)
              */
             block->bmap = bitmap_new(pages);
             bitmap_set(block->bmap, 0, pages);
+            block->shadow_bmap = bitmap_new(block->used_length >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS);
             block->clear_bmap_shift = shift;
             block->clear_bmap = bitmap_new(clear_bmap_size(pages, shift));
         }
@@ -2979,6 +2994,44 @@ void qemu_guest_free_page_hint(void *addr, size_t len)
     }
 }
 
+#define FIXED_RAM_HDR_VERSION 1
+struct FixedRamHeader {
+    uint32_t version;
+    uint64_t page_size;
+    uint64_t bitmap_offset;
+    uint64_t pages_offset;
+    /* end of v1 */
+} QEMU_PACKED;
+
+static void fixed_ram_insert_header(QEMUFile *file, RAMBlock *block)
+{
+    g_autofree struct FixedRamHeader *header;
+    size_t header_size, bitmap_size;
+    long num_pages;
+
+    header = g_new0(struct FixedRamHeader, 1);
+    header_size = sizeof(struct FixedRamHeader);
+
+    num_pages = block->used_length >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
+    bitmap_size = BITS_TO_LONGS(num_pages) * sizeof(unsigned long);
+
+    /*
+     * Save the file offsets of where the bitmap and the pages should
+     * go as they are written at the end of migration and during the
+     * iterative phase, respectively.
+     */
+    block->bitmap_offset = qemu_get_offset(file) + header_size;
+    block->pages_offset = ROUND_UP(block->bitmap_offset +
+                                   bitmap_size, 0x100000);
+
+    header->version = cpu_to_be32(FIXED_RAM_HDR_VERSION);
+    header->page_size = cpu_to_be64(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
+    header->bitmap_offset = cpu_to_be64(block->bitmap_offset);
+    header->pages_offset = cpu_to_be64(block->pages_offset);
+
+    qemu_put_buffer(file, (uint8_t *) header, header_size);
+}
+
 /*
  * Each of ram_save_setup, ram_save_iterate and ram_save_complete has
  * long-running RCU critical section.  When rcu-reclaims in the code
@@ -3028,6 +3081,12 @@ static int ram_save_setup(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
             if (migrate_ignore_shared()) {
                 qemu_put_be64(f, block->mr->addr);
             }
+
+            if (migrate_fixed_ram()) {
+                fixed_ram_insert_header(f, block);
+                /* prepare offset for next ramblock */
+                qemu_set_offset(f, block->pages_offset + block->used_length, SEEK_SET);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -3061,6 +3120,20 @@ static int ram_save_setup(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
     return 0;
 }
 
+static void ram_save_shadow_bmap(QEMUFile *f)
+{
+    RAMBlock *block;
+
+    RAMBLOCK_FOREACH_MIGRATABLE(block) {
+        long num_pages = block->used_length >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
+        long bitmap_size = BITS_TO_LONGS(num_pages) * sizeof(unsigned long);
+        qemu_put_buffer_at(f, (uint8_t *)block->shadow_bmap, bitmap_size,
+                           block->bitmap_offset);
+        /* to catch any thread late sending pages */
+        block->shadow_bmap = NULL;
+    }
+}
+
 /**
  * ram_save_iterate: iterative stage for migration
  *
@@ -3179,7 +3252,6 @@ out:
         qemu_put_be64(f, RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS);
         qemu_fflush(f);
         ram_transferred_add(8);
-
         ret = qemu_file_get_error(f);
     }
     if (ret < 0) {
@@ -3256,7 +3328,13 @@ static int ram_save_complete(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
     if (migrate_multifd() && !migrate_multifd_flush_after_each_section()) {
         qemu_put_be64(f, RAM_SAVE_FLAG_MULTIFD_FLUSH);
     }
+
+    if (migrate_fixed_ram()) {
+        ram_save_shadow_bmap(f);
+    }
+
     qemu_put_be64(f, RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS);
+
     qemu_fflush(f);
 
     return 0;
-- 
2.35.3
Re: [PATCH v2 15/29] migration/ram: Add support for 'fixed-ram' outgoing migration
Posted by Daniel P. Berrangé 2 years, 2 months ago
On Mon, Oct 23, 2023 at 05:35:54PM -0300, Fabiano Rosas wrote:
> From: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
> 
> Implement the outgoing migration side for the 'fixed-ram' capability.
> 
> A bitmap is introduced to track which pages have been written in the
> migration file. Pages are written at a fixed location for every
> ramblock. Zero pages are ignored as they'd be zero in the destination
> migration as well.
> 
> The migration stream is altered to put the dirty pages for a ramblock
> after its header instead of having a sequential stream of pages that
> follow the ramblock headers. Since all pages have a fixed location,
> RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS is no longer generated on every migration iteration.
> 
> Without fixed-ram (current):
> 
> ramblock 1 header|ramblock 2 header|...|RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS|stream of
>  pages (iter 1)|RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS|stream of pages (iter 2)|...

Clearer to diagram this vertically I think

 ---------------------
 | ramblock 1 header |
 ---------------------
 | ramblock 2 header |
 ---------------------
 | ...               |
 ---------------------
 | ramblock n header |
 ---------------------
 | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS |
 ---------------------
 | stream of pages   |
 | (iter 1)          |
 | ...               |
 ---------------------
 | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS |
 ---------------------
 | stream of pages   |
 | (iter 2)          |
 | ...               |
 ---------------------
 | ...               |
 ---------------------
 

> 
> With fixed-ram (new):
> 
> ramblock 1 header|ramblock 1 fixed-ram header|ramblock 1 pages (fixed
>  offsets)|ramblock 2 header|ramblock 2 fixed-ram header|ramblock 2
>  pages (fixed offsets)|...|RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS

If I'm reading the code correctly the new format has some padding
such that each "ramblock pages" region starts on a 1 MB boundary.

eg so we get:

 --------------------------------
 | ramblock 1 header            |
 --------------------------------
 | ramblock 1 fixed-ram header  |
 --------------------------------
 | padding to next 1MB boundary |
 | ...                          |
 --------------------------------
 | ramblock 1 pages             |
 | ...                          |
 --------------------------------
 | ramblock 2 header            |
 --------------------------------
 | ramblock 2 fixed-ram header  |
 --------------------------------
 | padding to next 1MB boundary |
 | ...                          |
 --------------------------------
 | ramblock 2 pages             |
 | ...                          |
 --------------------------------
 | ...                          |
 --------------------------------
 | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS            |
 --------------------------------
 | ...                          |
 -------------------------------

> 
> where:
>  - ramblock header: the generic information for a ramblock, such as
>    idstr, used_len, etc.
> 
>  - ramblock fixed-ram header: the new information added by this
>    feature: bitmap of pages written, bitmap size and offset of pages
>    in the migration file.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
> Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
> ---
>  include/exec/ramblock.h |  8 ++++
>  migration/options.c     |  3 --
>  migration/ram.c         | 98 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
>  3 files changed, 96 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/include/exec/ramblock.h b/include/exec/ramblock.h
> index 69c6a53902..e0e3f16852 100644
> --- a/include/exec/ramblock.h
> +++ b/include/exec/ramblock.h
> @@ -44,6 +44,14 @@ struct RAMBlock {
>      size_t page_size;
>      /* dirty bitmap used during migration */
>      unsigned long *bmap;
> +    /* shadow dirty bitmap used when migrating to a file */
> +    unsigned long *shadow_bmap;
> +    /*
> +     * offset in the file pages belonging to this ramblock are saved,
> +     * used only during migration to a file.
> +     */
> +    off_t bitmap_offset;
> +    uint64_t pages_offset;
>      /* bitmap of already received pages in postcopy */
>      unsigned long *receivedmap;
>  
> diff --git a/migration/options.c b/migration/options.c
> index 2622d8c483..9f693d909f 100644
> --- a/migration/options.c
> +++ b/migration/options.c
> @@ -271,12 +271,9 @@ bool migrate_events(void)
>  
>  bool migrate_fixed_ram(void)
>  {
> -/*
>      MigrationState *s = migrate_get_current();
>  
>      return s->capabilities[MIGRATION_CAPABILITY_FIXED_RAM];
> -*/
> -    return false;
>  }
>  
>  bool migrate_ignore_shared(void)
> diff --git a/migration/ram.c b/migration/ram.c
> index 92769902bb..152a03604f 100644
> --- a/migration/ram.c
> +++ b/migration/ram.c
> @@ -1157,12 +1157,18 @@ static int save_zero_page(RAMState *rs, PageSearchStatus *pss,
>          return 0;
>      }
>  
> +    stat64_add(&mig_stats.zero_pages, 1);
> +
> +    if (migrate_fixed_ram()) {
> +        /* zero pages are not transferred with fixed-ram */
> +        clear_bit(offset >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS, pss->block->shadow_bmap);
> +        return 1;
> +    }
> +
>      len += save_page_header(pss, file, pss->block, offset | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_ZERO);
>      qemu_put_byte(file, 0);
>      len += 1;
>      ram_release_page(pss->block->idstr, offset);
> -
> -    stat64_add(&mig_stats.zero_pages, 1);
>      ram_transferred_add(len);
>  
>      /*
> @@ -1220,14 +1226,20 @@ static int save_normal_page(PageSearchStatus *pss, RAMBlock *block,
>  {
>      QEMUFile *file = pss->pss_channel;
>  
> -    ram_transferred_add(save_page_header(pss, pss->pss_channel, block,
> -                                         offset | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE));
> -    if (async) {
> -        qemu_put_buffer_async(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
> -                              migrate_release_ram() &&
> -                              migration_in_postcopy());
> +    if (migrate_fixed_ram()) {
> +        qemu_put_buffer_at(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
> +                           block->pages_offset + offset);
> +        set_bit(offset >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS, block->shadow_bmap);
>      } else {
> -        qemu_put_buffer(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
> +        ram_transferred_add(save_page_header(pss, pss->pss_channel, block,
> +                                             offset | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE));
> +        if (async) {
> +            qemu_put_buffer_async(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
> +                                  migrate_release_ram() &&
> +                                  migration_in_postcopy());
> +        } else {
> +            qemu_put_buffer(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
> +        }
>      }
>      ram_transferred_add(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
>      stat64_add(&mig_stats.normal_pages, 1);
> @@ -2475,6 +2487,8 @@ static void ram_save_cleanup(void *opaque)
>          block->clear_bmap = NULL;
>          g_free(block->bmap);
>          block->bmap = NULL;
> +        g_free(block->shadow_bmap);
> +        block->shadow_bmap = NULL;
>      }
>  
>      xbzrle_cleanup();
> @@ -2842,6 +2856,7 @@ static void ram_list_init_bitmaps(void)
>               */
>              block->bmap = bitmap_new(pages);
>              bitmap_set(block->bmap, 0, pages);
> +            block->shadow_bmap = bitmap_new(block->used_length >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS);
>              block->clear_bmap_shift = shift;
>              block->clear_bmap = bitmap_new(clear_bmap_size(pages, shift));
>          }
> @@ -2979,6 +2994,44 @@ void qemu_guest_free_page_hint(void *addr, size_t len)
>      }
>  }
>  
> +#define FIXED_RAM_HDR_VERSION 1
> +struct FixedRamHeader {
> +    uint32_t version;
> +    uint64_t page_size;
> +    uint64_t bitmap_offset;
> +    uint64_t pages_offset;
> +    /* end of v1 */
> +} QEMU_PACKED;
> +
> +static void fixed_ram_insert_header(QEMUFile *file, RAMBlock *block)
> +{
> +    g_autofree struct FixedRamHeader *header;
> +    size_t header_size, bitmap_size;
> +    long num_pages;
> +
> +    header = g_new0(struct FixedRamHeader, 1);
> +    header_size = sizeof(struct FixedRamHeader);
> +
> +    num_pages = block->used_length >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
> +    bitmap_size = BITS_TO_LONGS(num_pages) * sizeof(unsigned long);
> +
> +    /*
> +     * Save the file offsets of where the bitmap and the pages should
> +     * go as they are written at the end of migration and during the
> +     * iterative phase, respectively.
> +     */
> +    block->bitmap_offset = qemu_get_offset(file) + header_size;
> +    block->pages_offset = ROUND_UP(block->bitmap_offset +
> +                                   bitmap_size, 0x100000);

The 0x100000 gives us our 1 MB alignment.

This is quite an important thing, so can we put a nice clear
constant at the top of the file:

  /* Align fixed-ram pages data to the next 1 MB boundary */
  #define FIXED_RAM_PAGE_OFFSET_ALIGNMENT 0x100000

> @@ -3179,7 +3252,6 @@ out:
>          qemu_put_be64(f, RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS);
>          qemu_fflush(f);
>          ram_transferred_add(8);
> -
>          ret = qemu_file_get_error(f);
>      }
>      if (ret < 0) {

Supurious whitspace change, possibly better in whatever patch
introduced it, or dropped ?


With regards,
Daniel
-- 
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Re: [PATCH v2 15/29] migration/ram: Add support for 'fixed-ram' outgoing migration
Posted by Fabiano Rosas 2 years, 2 months ago
Daniel P. Berrangé <berrange@redhat.com> writes:

> On Mon, Oct 23, 2023 at 05:35:54PM -0300, Fabiano Rosas wrote:
>> From: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
>> 
>> Implement the outgoing migration side for the 'fixed-ram' capability.
>> 
>> A bitmap is introduced to track which pages have been written in the
>> migration file. Pages are written at a fixed location for every
>> ramblock. Zero pages are ignored as they'd be zero in the destination
>> migration as well.
>> 
>> The migration stream is altered to put the dirty pages for a ramblock
>> after its header instead of having a sequential stream of pages that
>> follow the ramblock headers. Since all pages have a fixed location,
>> RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS is no longer generated on every migration iteration.
>> 
>> Without fixed-ram (current):
>> 
>> ramblock 1 header|ramblock 2 header|...|RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS|stream of
>>  pages (iter 1)|RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS|stream of pages (iter 2)|...
>
> Clearer to diagram this vertically I think
>
>  ---------------------
>  | ramblock 1 header |
>  ---------------------
>  | ramblock 2 header |
>  ---------------------
>  | ...               |
>  ---------------------
>  | ramblock n header |
>  ---------------------
>  | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS |
>  ---------------------
>  | stream of pages   |
>  | (iter 1)          |
>  | ...               |
>  ---------------------
>  | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS |
>  ---------------------
>  | stream of pages   |
>  | (iter 2)          |
>  | ...               |
>  ---------------------
>  | ...               |
>  ---------------------
>  
>
>> 
>> With fixed-ram (new):
>> 
>> ramblock 1 header|ramblock 1 fixed-ram header|ramblock 1 pages (fixed
>>  offsets)|ramblock 2 header|ramblock 2 fixed-ram header|ramblock 2
>>  pages (fixed offsets)|...|RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS
>
> If I'm reading the code correctly the new format has some padding
> such that each "ramblock pages" region starts on a 1 MB boundary.
>
> eg so we get:
>
>  --------------------------------
>  | ramblock 1 header            |
>  --------------------------------
>  | ramblock 1 fixed-ram header  |
>  --------------------------------
>  | padding to next 1MB boundary |
>  | ...                          |
>  --------------------------------
>  | ramblock 1 pages             |
>  | ...                          |
>  --------------------------------
>  | ramblock 2 header            |
>  --------------------------------
>  | ramblock 2 fixed-ram header  |
>  --------------------------------
>  | padding to next 1MB boundary |
>  | ...                          |
>  --------------------------------
>  | ramblock 2 pages             |
>  | ...                          |
>  --------------------------------
>  | ...                          |
>  --------------------------------
>  | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS            |
>  --------------------------------
>  | ...                          |
>  -------------------------------
>
>> 
>> where:
>>  - ramblock header: the generic information for a ramblock, such as
>>    idstr, used_len, etc.
>> 
>>  - ramblock fixed-ram header: the new information added by this
>>    feature: bitmap of pages written, bitmap size and offset of pages
>>    in the migration file.
>> 
>> Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
>> Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
>> ---
>>  include/exec/ramblock.h |  8 ++++
>>  migration/options.c     |  3 --
>>  migration/ram.c         | 98 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
>>  3 files changed, 96 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
>> 
>> diff --git a/include/exec/ramblock.h b/include/exec/ramblock.h
>> index 69c6a53902..e0e3f16852 100644
>> --- a/include/exec/ramblock.h
>> +++ b/include/exec/ramblock.h
>> @@ -44,6 +44,14 @@ struct RAMBlock {
>>      size_t page_size;
>>      /* dirty bitmap used during migration */
>>      unsigned long *bmap;
>> +    /* shadow dirty bitmap used when migrating to a file */
>> +    unsigned long *shadow_bmap;
>> +    /*
>> +     * offset in the file pages belonging to this ramblock are saved,
>> +     * used only during migration to a file.
>> +     */
>> +    off_t bitmap_offset;
>> +    uint64_t pages_offset;
>>      /* bitmap of already received pages in postcopy */
>>      unsigned long *receivedmap;
>>  
>> diff --git a/migration/options.c b/migration/options.c
>> index 2622d8c483..9f693d909f 100644
>> --- a/migration/options.c
>> +++ b/migration/options.c
>> @@ -271,12 +271,9 @@ bool migrate_events(void)
>>  
>>  bool migrate_fixed_ram(void)
>>  {
>> -/*
>>      MigrationState *s = migrate_get_current();
>>  
>>      return s->capabilities[MIGRATION_CAPABILITY_FIXED_RAM];
>> -*/
>> -    return false;
>>  }
>>  
>>  bool migrate_ignore_shared(void)
>> diff --git a/migration/ram.c b/migration/ram.c
>> index 92769902bb..152a03604f 100644
>> --- a/migration/ram.c
>> +++ b/migration/ram.c
>> @@ -1157,12 +1157,18 @@ static int save_zero_page(RAMState *rs, PageSearchStatus *pss,
>>          return 0;
>>      }
>>  
>> +    stat64_add(&mig_stats.zero_pages, 1);
>> +
>> +    if (migrate_fixed_ram()) {
>> +        /* zero pages are not transferred with fixed-ram */
>> +        clear_bit(offset >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS, pss->block->shadow_bmap);
>> +        return 1;
>> +    }
>> +
>>      len += save_page_header(pss, file, pss->block, offset | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_ZERO);
>>      qemu_put_byte(file, 0);
>>      len += 1;
>>      ram_release_page(pss->block->idstr, offset);
>> -
>> -    stat64_add(&mig_stats.zero_pages, 1);
>>      ram_transferred_add(len);
>>  
>>      /*
>> @@ -1220,14 +1226,20 @@ static int save_normal_page(PageSearchStatus *pss, RAMBlock *block,
>>  {
>>      QEMUFile *file = pss->pss_channel;
>>  
>> -    ram_transferred_add(save_page_header(pss, pss->pss_channel, block,
>> -                                         offset | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE));
>> -    if (async) {
>> -        qemu_put_buffer_async(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
>> -                              migrate_release_ram() &&
>> -                              migration_in_postcopy());
>> +    if (migrate_fixed_ram()) {
>> +        qemu_put_buffer_at(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
>> +                           block->pages_offset + offset);
>> +        set_bit(offset >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS, block->shadow_bmap);
>>      } else {
>> -        qemu_put_buffer(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
>> +        ram_transferred_add(save_page_header(pss, pss->pss_channel, block,
>> +                                             offset | RAM_SAVE_FLAG_PAGE));
>> +        if (async) {
>> +            qemu_put_buffer_async(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
>> +                                  migrate_release_ram() &&
>> +                                  migration_in_postcopy());
>> +        } else {
>> +            qemu_put_buffer(file, buf, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
>> +        }
>>      }
>>      ram_transferred_add(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
>>      stat64_add(&mig_stats.normal_pages, 1);
>> @@ -2475,6 +2487,8 @@ static void ram_save_cleanup(void *opaque)
>>          block->clear_bmap = NULL;
>>          g_free(block->bmap);
>>          block->bmap = NULL;
>> +        g_free(block->shadow_bmap);
>> +        block->shadow_bmap = NULL;
>>      }
>>  
>>      xbzrle_cleanup();
>> @@ -2842,6 +2856,7 @@ static void ram_list_init_bitmaps(void)
>>               */
>>              block->bmap = bitmap_new(pages);
>>              bitmap_set(block->bmap, 0, pages);
>> +            block->shadow_bmap = bitmap_new(block->used_length >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS);
>>              block->clear_bmap_shift = shift;
>>              block->clear_bmap = bitmap_new(clear_bmap_size(pages, shift));
>>          }
>> @@ -2979,6 +2994,44 @@ void qemu_guest_free_page_hint(void *addr, size_t len)
>>      }
>>  }
>>  
>> +#define FIXED_RAM_HDR_VERSION 1
>> +struct FixedRamHeader {
>> +    uint32_t version;
>> +    uint64_t page_size;
>> +    uint64_t bitmap_offset;
>> +    uint64_t pages_offset;
>> +    /* end of v1 */
>> +} QEMU_PACKED;
>> +
>> +static void fixed_ram_insert_header(QEMUFile *file, RAMBlock *block)
>> +{
>> +    g_autofree struct FixedRamHeader *header;
>> +    size_t header_size, bitmap_size;
>> +    long num_pages;
>> +
>> +    header = g_new0(struct FixedRamHeader, 1);
>> +    header_size = sizeof(struct FixedRamHeader);
>> +
>> +    num_pages = block->used_length >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
>> +    bitmap_size = BITS_TO_LONGS(num_pages) * sizeof(unsigned long);
>> +
>> +    /*
>> +     * Save the file offsets of where the bitmap and the pages should
>> +     * go as they are written at the end of migration and during the
>> +     * iterative phase, respectively.
>> +     */
>> +    block->bitmap_offset = qemu_get_offset(file) + header_size;
>> +    block->pages_offset = ROUND_UP(block->bitmap_offset +
>> +                                   bitmap_size, 0x100000);
>
> The 0x100000 gives us our 1 MB alignment.
>
> This is quite an important thing, so can we put a nice clear
> constant at the top of the file:
>
>   /* Align fixed-ram pages data to the next 1 MB boundary */
>   #define FIXED_RAM_PAGE_OFFSET_ALIGNMENT 0x100000
>
>> @@ -3179,7 +3252,6 @@ out:
>>          qemu_put_be64(f, RAM_SAVE_FLAG_EOS);
>>          qemu_fflush(f);
>>          ram_transferred_add(8);
>> -
>>          ret = qemu_file_get_error(f);
>>      }
>>      if (ret < 0) {
>
> Supurious whitspace change, possibly better in whatever patch
> introduced it, or dropped ?
>
>
> With regards,
> Daniel

I'll apply all the suggestions. Thanks!