[Qemu-devel] [PATCH v18 05/10] xbitmap: add more operations

Wei Wang posted 10 patches 8 years, 2 months ago
There is a newer version of this series
[Qemu-devel] [PATCH v18 05/10] xbitmap: add more operations
Posted by Wei Wang 8 years, 2 months ago
This patch adds support to find next 1 or 0 bit in a xbmitmap range and
clear a range of bits.

More possible optimizations to add in the future:
1) xb_set_bit_range: set a range of bits.
2) when searching a bit, if the bit is not found in the slot, move on to
the next slot directly.
3) add tags to help searching.

Signed-off-by: Wei Wang <wei.w.wang@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Suggested-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
---
 include/linux/xbitmap.h      |   8 +-
 lib/xbitmap.c                | 180 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tools/include/linux/bitmap.h |  34 ++++++++
 tools/include/linux/kernel.h |   2 +
 4 files changed, 223 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/xbitmap.h b/include/linux/xbitmap.h
index b4d8375..eddf0d5e 100644
--- a/include/linux/xbitmap.h
+++ b/include/linux/xbitmap.h
@@ -33,8 +33,14 @@ static inline void xb_init(struct xb *xb)
 }
 
 int xb_set_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit);
+int xb_preload_and_set_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit, gfp_t gfp);
 bool xb_test_bit(const struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit);
-int xb_clear_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit);
+void xb_clear_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit);
+unsigned long xb_find_next_set_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long start,
+				   unsigned long end);
+unsigned long xb_find_next_zero_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long start,
+				    unsigned long end);
+void xb_clear_bit_range(struct xb *xb, unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
 
 static inline bool xb_empty(const struct xb *xb)
 {
diff --git a/lib/xbitmap.c b/lib/xbitmap.c
index 182aa29..816dd3e 100644
--- a/lib/xbitmap.c
+++ b/lib/xbitmap.c
@@ -3,6 +3,13 @@
 #include <linux/bitmap.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 
+/*
+ * Developer notes: locks are required to gurantee there is no concurrent
+ * calls of xb_set_bit, xb_clear_bit, xb_clear_bit_range, xb_test_bit,
+ * xb_find_next_set_bit, or xb_find_next_clear_bit to operate on the same
+ * ida bitamp.
+ */
+
 /**
  *  xb_set_bit - set a bit in the xbitmap
  *  @xb: the xbitmap tree used to record the bit
@@ -70,6 +77,28 @@ int xb_set_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit)
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(xb_set_bit);
 
 /**
+ *  xb_preload_and_set_bit - preload the memory and set a bit in the xbitmap
+ *  @xb: the xbitmap tree used to record the bit
+ *  @bit: index of the bit to set
+ *
+ * A wrapper of the xb_preload() and xb_set_bit().
+ * Returns: 0 on success; -EAGAIN or -ENOMEM on error.
+ */
+int xb_preload_and_set_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit, gfp_t gfp)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (!xb_preload(gfp))
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	ret = xb_set_bit(xb, bit);
+	xb_preload_end();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(xb_preload_and_set_bit);
+
+/**
  * xb_clear_bit - clear a bit in the xbitmap
  * @xb: the xbitmap tree used to record the bit
  * @bit: index of the bit to clear
@@ -115,6 +144,56 @@ void xb_clear_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit)
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(xb_clear_bit);
 
 /**
+ * xb_clear_bit - clear a range of bits in the xbitmap
+ * @start: the start of the bit range, inclusive
+ * @end: the end of the bit range, inclusive
+ *
+ * This function is used to clear a bit in the xbitmap. If all the bits of the
+ * bitmap are 0, the bitmap will be freed.
+ */
+void xb_clear_bit_range(struct xb *xb, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+{
+	struct radix_tree_root *root = &xb->xbrt;
+	struct radix_tree_node *node;
+	void **slot;
+	struct ida_bitmap *bitmap;
+	unsigned int nbits;
+
+	for (; start < end; start = (start | (IDA_BITMAP_BITS - 1)) + 1) {
+		unsigned long index = start / IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
+		unsigned long bit = start % IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
+
+		bitmap = __radix_tree_lookup(root, index, &node, &slot);
+		if (radix_tree_exception(bitmap)) {
+			unsigned long ebit = bit + 2;
+			unsigned long tmp = (unsigned long)bitmap;
+
+			nbits = min(end - start + 1, BITS_PER_LONG - ebit);
+
+			if (ebit >= BITS_PER_LONG)
+				continue;
+			bitmap_clear(&tmp, ebit, nbits);
+			if (tmp == RADIX_TREE_EXCEPTIONAL_ENTRY)
+				__radix_tree_delete(root, node, slot);
+			else
+				rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, (void *)tmp);
+		} else if (bitmap) {
+			nbits = min(end - start + 1, IDA_BITMAP_BITS - bit);
+
+			if (nbits != IDA_BITMAP_BITS)
+				bitmap_clear(bitmap->bitmap, bit, nbits);
+
+			if (nbits == IDA_BITMAP_BITS ||
+			    bitmap_empty(bitmap->bitmap, IDA_BITMAP_BITS)) {
+				kfree(bitmap);
+				__radix_tree_delete(root, node, slot);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(xb_clear_bit_range);
+
+/**
  * xb_test_bit - test a bit in the xbitmap
  * @xb: the xbitmap tree used to record the bit
  * @bit: index of the bit to test
@@ -143,6 +222,80 @@ bool xb_test_bit(const struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(xb_test_bit);
 
+static unsigned long xb_find_next_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long start,
+				      unsigned long end, bool set)
+{
+	struct radix_tree_root *root = &xb->xbrt;
+	struct radix_tree_node *node;
+	void **slot;
+	struct ida_bitmap *bmap;
+	unsigned long ret = end + 1;
+
+	for (; start < end; start = (start | (IDA_BITMAP_BITS - 1)) + 1) {
+		unsigned long index = start / IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
+		unsigned long bit = start % IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
+
+		bmap = __radix_tree_lookup(root, index, &node, &slot);
+		if (radix_tree_exception(bmap)) {
+			unsigned long tmp = (unsigned long)bmap;
+			unsigned long ebit = bit + 2;
+
+			if (ebit >= BITS_PER_LONG)
+				continue;
+			if (set)
+				ret = find_next_bit(&tmp, BITS_PER_LONG, ebit);
+			else
+				ret = find_next_zero_bit(&tmp, BITS_PER_LONG,
+							 ebit);
+			if (ret < BITS_PER_LONG)
+				return ret - 2 + IDA_BITMAP_BITS * index;
+		} else if (bmap) {
+			if (set)
+				ret = find_next_bit(bmap->bitmap,
+						    IDA_BITMAP_BITS, bit);
+			else
+				ret = find_next_zero_bit(bmap->bitmap,
+							 IDA_BITMAP_BITS, bit);
+			if (ret < IDA_BITMAP_BITS)
+				return ret + index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
+		} else if (!bmap && !set) {
+			return start;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * xb_find_next_set_bit - find the next set bit in a range
+ * @xb: the xbitmap to search
+ * @start: the start of the range, inclusive
+ * @end: the end of the range, inclusive
+ *
+ * Returns: the index of the found bit, or @end + 1 if no such bit is found.
+ */
+unsigned long xb_find_next_set_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long start,
+				   unsigned long end)
+{
+	return xb_find_next_bit(xb, start, end, 1);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(xb_find_next_set_bit);
+
+/**
+ * xb_find_next_zero_bit - find the next zero bit in a range
+ * @xb: the xbitmap to search
+ * @start: the start of the range, inclusive
+ * @end: the end of the range, inclusive
+ *
+ * Returns: the index of the found bit, or @end + 1 if no such bit is found.
+ */
+unsigned long xb_find_next_zero_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long start,
+				    unsigned long end)
+{
+	return xb_find_next_bit(xb, start, end, 0);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(xb_find_next_zero_bit);
+
 #ifndef __KERNEL__
 
 static DEFINE_XB(xb1);
@@ -160,6 +313,31 @@ void xbitmap_check_bit(unsigned long bit)
 	xb_preload_end();
 }
 
+static void xbitmap_check_bit_range(void)
+{
+	/* Set a range of bits */
+	assert(!xb_preload_and_set_bit(&xb1, 1060, GFP_KERNEL));
+	assert(!xb_preload_and_set_bit(&xb1, 1061, GFP_KERNEL));
+	assert(!xb_preload_and_set_bit(&xb1, 1064, GFP_KERNEL));
+	assert(!xb_preload_and_set_bit(&xb1, 1065, GFP_KERNEL));
+	assert(!xb_preload_and_set_bit(&xb1, 8180, GFP_KERNEL));
+	assert(!xb_preload_and_set_bit(&xb1, 8181, GFP_KERNEL));
+	assert(!xb_preload_and_set_bit(&xb1, 8190, GFP_KERNEL));
+	assert(!xb_preload_and_set_bit(&xb1, 8191, GFP_KERNEL));
+
+	/* Test a range of bits */
+	assert(xb_find_next_set_bit(&xb1, 0, 10000) == 1060);
+	assert(xb_find_next_zero_bit(&xb1, 1061, 10000) == 1062);
+	assert(xb_find_next_set_bit(&xb1, 1062, 10000) == 1064);
+	assert(xb_find_next_zero_bit(&xb1, 1065, 10000) == 1066);
+	assert(xb_find_next_set_bit(&xb1, 1066, 10000) == 8180);
+	assert(xb_find_next_zero_bit(&xb1, 8180, 10000) == 8182);
+	xb_clear_bit_range(&xb1, 0, 20000);
+	assert(xb_find_next_set_bit(&xb1, 0, 10000) == 10001);
+
+	assert(xb_find_next_zero_bit(&xb1, 20000, 30000) == 20000);
+}
+
 void xbitmap_checks(void)
 {
 	xb_init(&xb1);
@@ -171,6 +349,8 @@ void xbitmap_checks(void)
 	xbitmap_check_bit(1025);
 	xbitmap_check_bit((1UL << 63) | (1UL << 24));
 	xbitmap_check_bit((1UL << 63) | (1UL << 24) | 70);
+
+	xbitmap_check_bit_range();
 }
 
 int __weak main(void)
diff --git a/tools/include/linux/bitmap.h b/tools/include/linux/bitmap.h
index ca16027..8d0bc1b 100644
--- a/tools/include/linux/bitmap.h
+++ b/tools/include/linux/bitmap.h
@@ -37,6 +37,40 @@ static inline void bitmap_zero(unsigned long *dst, int nbits)
 	}
 }
 
+static inline void __bitmap_clear(unsigned long *map, unsigned int start,
+				  int len)
+{
+	unsigned long *p = map + BIT_WORD(start);
+	const unsigned int size = start + len;
+	int bits_to_clear = BITS_PER_LONG - (start % BITS_PER_LONG);
+	unsigned long mask_to_clear = BITMAP_FIRST_WORD_MASK(start);
+
+	while (len - bits_to_clear >= 0) {
+		*p &= ~mask_to_clear;
+		len -= bits_to_clear;
+		bits_to_clear = BITS_PER_LONG;
+		mask_to_clear = ~0UL;
+		p++;
+	}
+	if (len) {
+		mask_to_clear &= BITMAP_LAST_WORD_MASK(size);
+		*p &= ~mask_to_clear;
+	}
+}
+
+static inline __always_inline void bitmap_clear(unsigned long *map,
+						unsigned int start,
+						unsigned int nbits)
+{
+	if (__builtin_constant_p(nbits) && nbits == 1)
+		__clear_bit(start, map);
+	else if (__builtin_constant_p(start & 7) && IS_ALIGNED(start, 8) &&
+		 __builtin_constant_p(nbits & 7) && IS_ALIGNED(nbits, 8))
+		memset((char *)map + start / 8, 0, nbits / 8);
+	else
+		__bitmap_clear(map, start, nbits);
+}
+
 static inline void bitmap_fill(unsigned long *dst, unsigned int nbits)
 {
 	unsigned int nlongs = BITS_TO_LONGS(nbits);
diff --git a/tools/include/linux/kernel.h b/tools/include/linux/kernel.h
index 0ad8844..3c992ae 100644
--- a/tools/include/linux/kernel.h
+++ b/tools/include/linux/kernel.h
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 #define UINT_MAX	(~0U)
 #endif
 
+#define IS_ALIGNED(x, a)	(((x) & ((typeof(x))(a) - 1)) == 0)
+
 #define DIV_ROUND_UP(n,d) (((n) + (d) - 1) / (d))
 
 #define PERF_ALIGN(x, a)	__PERF_ALIGN_MASK(x, (typeof(x))(a)-1)
-- 
2.7.4


Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH v18 05/10] xbitmap: add more operations
Posted by Tetsuo Handa 8 years, 2 months ago
Wei Wang wrote:
>  /**
> + * xb_clear_bit - clear a range of bits in the xbitmap

Name mismatch.

> + * @start: the start of the bit range, inclusive
> + * @end: the end of the bit range, inclusive
> + *
> + * This function is used to clear a bit in the xbitmap. If all the bits of the
> + * bitmap are 0, the bitmap will be freed.
> + */
> +void xb_clear_bit_range(struct xb *xb, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
> +{
> +	struct radix_tree_root *root = &xb->xbrt;
> +	struct radix_tree_node *node;
> +	void **slot;
> +	struct ida_bitmap *bitmap;
> +	unsigned int nbits;
> +
> +	for (; start < end; start = (start | (IDA_BITMAP_BITS - 1)) + 1) {
> +		unsigned long index = start / IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
> +		unsigned long bit = start % IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
> +
> +		bitmap = __radix_tree_lookup(root, index, &node, &slot);
> +		if (radix_tree_exception(bitmap)) {
> +			unsigned long ebit = bit + 2;
> +			unsigned long tmp = (unsigned long)bitmap;
> +
> +			nbits = min(end - start + 1, BITS_PER_LONG - ebit);

"nbits = min(end - start + 1," seems to expect that start == end is legal
for clearing only 1 bit. But this function is no-op if start == end.
Please clarify what "inclusive" intended.

> +
> +			if (ebit >= BITS_PER_LONG)
> +				continue;

(I don't understand how radix tree works, but generally this patchset looks fuzzy
to me about boundary cases. Thus, I want to confirm that this is not an overlook.)
Why is making "ebit >= BITS_PER_LONG" (e.g. start == 62) case a no-op correct?
Aren't there bits which should have been cleared in this case?

> +			bitmap_clear(&tmp, ebit, nbits);
> +			if (tmp == RADIX_TREE_EXCEPTIONAL_ENTRY)
> +				__radix_tree_delete(root, node, slot);
> +			else
> +				rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, (void *)tmp);
> +		} else if (bitmap) {
> +			nbits = min(end - start + 1, IDA_BITMAP_BITS - bit);
> +
> +			if (nbits != IDA_BITMAP_BITS)
> +				bitmap_clear(bitmap->bitmap, bit, nbits);
> +
> +			if (nbits == IDA_BITMAP_BITS ||
> +			    bitmap_empty(bitmap->bitmap, IDA_BITMAP_BITS)) {
> +				kfree(bitmap);
> +				__radix_tree_delete(root, node, slot);
> +			}
> +		}
> +	}
> +}



> +static inline __always_inline void bitmap_clear(unsigned long *map,
> +						unsigned int start,
> +						unsigned int nbits)
> +{
> +	if (__builtin_constant_p(nbits) && nbits == 1)
> +		__clear_bit(start, map);
> +	else if (__builtin_constant_p(start & 7) && IS_ALIGNED(start, 8) &&
> +		 __builtin_constant_p(nbits & 7) && IS_ALIGNED(nbits, 8))

It looks strange to apply __builtin_constant_p test to variables after "& 7".

> +		memset((char *)map + start / 8, 0, nbits / 8);
> +	else
> +		__bitmap_clear(map, start, nbits);
> +}
> +

Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH v18 05/10] xbitmap: add more operations
Posted by Tetsuo Handa 8 years, 2 months ago
Tetsuo Handa wrote:
> > +
> > +			if (ebit >= BITS_PER_LONG)
> > +				continue;
> 
> (I don't understand how radix tree works, but generally this patchset looks fuzzy
> to me about boundary cases. Thus, I want to confirm that this is not an overlook.)
> Why is making "ebit >= BITS_PER_LONG" (e.g. start == 62) case a no-op correct?
> Aren't there bits which should have been cleared in this case?

According to xb_set_bit(), it seems to me that we are trying to avoid memory allocation
for "struct ida_bitmap" when all set bits within a 1024-bits bitmap reside in the first
61 bits.

But does such saving help? Is there characteristic bias that majority of set bits resides
in the first 61 bits, for "bit" is "unsigned long" which holds a page number (isn't it)?
If no such bias, wouldn't eliminating radix_tree_exception() case and always storing
"struct ida_bitmap" simplifies the code (and make the processing faster)?

Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH v18 05/10] xbitmap: add more operations
Posted by Matthew Wilcox 8 years, 2 months ago
On Thu, Nov 30, 2017 at 10:35:03PM +0900, Tetsuo Handa wrote:
> According to xb_set_bit(), it seems to me that we are trying to avoid memory allocation
> for "struct ida_bitmap" when all set bits within a 1024-bits bitmap reside in the first
> 61 bits.
> 
> But does such saving help? Is there characteristic bias that majority of set bits resides
> in the first 61 bits, for "bit" is "unsigned long" which holds a page number (isn't it)?
> If no such bias, wouldn't eliminating radix_tree_exception() case and always storing
> "struct ida_bitmap" simplifies the code (and make the processing faster)?

It happens all the time.  The vast majority of users of the IDA set
low bits.  Also, it's the first 62 bits -- going up to 63 bits with the
XArray rewrite.

I do plan to redo the xbitmap on top of the XArray; I'm just trying to
get the XArray merged first.  The IDA and xbitmap code will share much
more code when that happens.

Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH v18 05/10] xbitmap: add more operations
Posted by Tetsuo Handa 8 years, 2 months ago
Matthew Wilcox wrote:
> On Thu, Nov 30, 2017 at 10:35:03PM +0900, Tetsuo Handa wrote:
> > According to xb_set_bit(), it seems to me that we are trying to avoid memory allocation
> > for "struct ida_bitmap" when all set bits within a 1024-bits bitmap reside in the first
> > 61 bits.
> > 
> > But does such saving help? Is there characteristic bias that majority of set bits resides
> > in the first 61 bits, for "bit" is "unsigned long" which holds a page number (isn't it)?
> > If no such bias, wouldn't eliminating radix_tree_exception() case and always storing
> > "struct ida_bitmap" simplifies the code (and make the processing faster)?
> 
> It happens all the time.  The vast majority of users of the IDA set
> low bits.  Also, it's the first 62 bits -- going up to 63 bits with the
> XArray rewrite.

Oops, 0...61 is 62 bits.

What I meant is below (untested) patch. If correct, it can save lines and make
the code easier to read.

 lib/radix-tree.c | 20 +------------
 lib/xbitmap.c    | 88 +++++---------------------------------------------------
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 100 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/radix-tree.c b/lib/radix-tree.c
index a039588..fb84b91 100644
--- a/lib/radix-tree.c
+++ b/lib/radix-tree.c
@@ -2152,25 +2152,7 @@ int ida_pre_get(struct ida *ida, gfp_t gfp)
  */
 __must_check bool xb_preload(gfp_t gfp)
 {
-	if (!this_cpu_read(ida_bitmap)) {
-		struct ida_bitmap *bitmap = kmalloc(sizeof(*bitmap), gfp);
-
-		if (!bitmap)
-			return false;
-		/*
-		 * The per-CPU variable is updated with preemption enabled.
-		 * If the calling task is unlucky to be scheduled to another
-		 * CPU which has no ida_bitmap allocation, it will be detected
-		 * when setting a bit (i.e. __xb_set_bit()).
-		 */
-		bitmap = this_cpu_cmpxchg(ida_bitmap, NULL, bitmap);
-		kfree(bitmap);
-	}
-
-	if (__radix_tree_preload(gfp, XB_PRELOAD_SIZE) < 0)
-		return false;
-
-	return true;
+	return __radix_tree_preload(gfp, XB_PRELOAD_SIZE) == 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(xb_preload);
 
diff --git a/lib/xbitmap.c b/lib/xbitmap.c
index 816dd3e..426d168 100644
--- a/lib/xbitmap.c
+++ b/lib/xbitmap.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
  * This function is used to set a bit in the xbitmap. If the bitmap that @bit
  * resides in is not there, the per-cpu ida_bitmap will be taken.
  *
- * Returns: 0 on success. %-EAGAIN indicates that @bit was not set.
+ * Returns: 0 on success. Negative value on failure.
  */
 int xb_set_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit)
 {
@@ -28,46 +28,19 @@ int xb_set_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit)
 	struct radix_tree_node *node;
 	void **slot;
 	struct ida_bitmap *bitmap;
-	unsigned long ebit;
 
 	bit %= IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
-	ebit = bit + 2;
 
 	err = __radix_tree_create(root, index, 0, &node, &slot);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 	bitmap = rcu_dereference_raw(*slot);
-	if (radix_tree_exception(bitmap)) {
-		unsigned long tmp = (unsigned long)bitmap;
-
-		if (ebit < BITS_PER_LONG) {
-			tmp |= 1UL << ebit;
-			rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, (void *)tmp);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		bitmap = this_cpu_xchg(ida_bitmap, NULL);
-		if (!bitmap) {
-			__radix_tree_delete(root, node, slot);
-			return -EAGAIN;
-		}
-		memset(bitmap, 0, sizeof(*bitmap));
-		bitmap->bitmap[0] = tmp >> RADIX_TREE_EXCEPTIONAL_SHIFT;
-		rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, bitmap);
-	}
-
 	if (!bitmap) {
-		if (ebit < BITS_PER_LONG) {
-			bitmap = (void *)((1UL << ebit) |
-					RADIX_TREE_EXCEPTIONAL_ENTRY);
-			__radix_tree_replace(root, node, slot, bitmap, NULL);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		bitmap = this_cpu_xchg(ida_bitmap, NULL);
+		bitmap = kzalloc(sizeof(*bitmap), GFP_NOWAIT | __GFP_NOWARN);
 		if (!bitmap) {
 			__radix_tree_delete(root, node, slot);
-			return -EAGAIN;
+			return -ENOMEM;
 		}
-		memset(bitmap, 0, sizeof(*bitmap));
 		__radix_tree_replace(root, node, slot, bitmap, NULL);
 	}
 
@@ -82,7 +55,7 @@ int xb_set_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit)
  *  @bit: index of the bit to set
  *
  * A wrapper of the xb_preload() and xb_set_bit().
- * Returns: 0 on success; -EAGAIN or -ENOMEM on error.
+ * Returns: 0 on success; -ENOMEM on error.
  */
 int xb_preload_and_set_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit, gfp_t gfp)
 {
@@ -113,25 +86,10 @@ void xb_clear_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit)
 	struct radix_tree_node *node;
 	void **slot;
 	struct ida_bitmap *bitmap;
-	unsigned long ebit;
 
 	bit %= IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
-	ebit = bit + 2;
 
 	bitmap = __radix_tree_lookup(root, index, &node, &slot);
-	if (radix_tree_exception(bitmap)) {
-		unsigned long tmp = (unsigned long)bitmap;
-
-		if (ebit >= BITS_PER_LONG)
-			return;
-		tmp &= ~(1UL << ebit);
-		if (tmp == RADIX_TREE_EXCEPTIONAL_ENTRY)
-			__radix_tree_delete(root, node, slot);
-		else
-			rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, (void *)tmp);
-		return;
-	}
-
 	if (!bitmap)
 		return;
 
@@ -164,20 +122,7 @@ void xb_clear_bit_range(struct xb *xb, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 		unsigned long bit = start % IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
 
 		bitmap = __radix_tree_lookup(root, index, &node, &slot);
-		if (radix_tree_exception(bitmap)) {
-			unsigned long ebit = bit + 2;
-			unsigned long tmp = (unsigned long)bitmap;
-
-			nbits = min(end - start + 1, BITS_PER_LONG - ebit);
-
-			if (ebit >= BITS_PER_LONG)
-				continue;
-			bitmap_clear(&tmp, ebit, nbits);
-			if (tmp == RADIX_TREE_EXCEPTIONAL_ENTRY)
-				__radix_tree_delete(root, node, slot);
-			else
-				rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, (void *)tmp);
-		} else if (bitmap) {
+		if (bitmap) {
 			nbits = min(end - start + 1, IDA_BITMAP_BITS - bit);
 
 			if (nbits != IDA_BITMAP_BITS)
@@ -212,12 +157,6 @@ bool xb_test_bit(const struct xb *xb, unsigned long bit)
 
 	if (!bitmap)
 		return false;
-	if (radix_tree_exception(bitmap)) {
-		bit += RADIX_TREE_EXCEPTIONAL_SHIFT;
-		if (bit >= BITS_PER_LONG)
-			return false;
-		return (unsigned long)bitmap & (1UL << bit);
-	}
 	return test_bit(bit, bitmap->bitmap);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(xb_test_bit);
@@ -236,20 +175,7 @@ static unsigned long xb_find_next_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long start,
 		unsigned long bit = start % IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
 
 		bmap = __radix_tree_lookup(root, index, &node, &slot);
-		if (radix_tree_exception(bmap)) {
-			unsigned long tmp = (unsigned long)bmap;
-			unsigned long ebit = bit + 2;
-
-			if (ebit >= BITS_PER_LONG)
-				continue;
-			if (set)
-				ret = find_next_bit(&tmp, BITS_PER_LONG, ebit);
-			else
-				ret = find_next_zero_bit(&tmp, BITS_PER_LONG,
-							 ebit);
-			if (ret < BITS_PER_LONG)
-				return ret - 2 + IDA_BITMAP_BITS * index;
-		} else if (bmap) {
+		if (bmap) {
 			if (set)
 				ret = find_next_bit(bmap->bitmap,
 						    IDA_BITMAP_BITS, bit);
@@ -258,7 +184,7 @@ static unsigned long xb_find_next_bit(struct xb *xb, unsigned long start,
 							 IDA_BITMAP_BITS, bit);
 			if (ret < IDA_BITMAP_BITS)
 				return ret + index * IDA_BITMAP_BITS;
-		} else if (!bmap && !set) {
+		} else if (!set) {
 			return start;
 		}
 	}
--