Pass the packed option on the QEMU command line of the capability for
packed virtqueues is detected and the parameter is set explicitly.
Reviewed-by: Ján Tomko <jtomko@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Boris Fiuczynski <fiuczy@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjoern Walk <bwalk@linux.ibm.com>
---
src/qemu/qemu_command.c | 10 +++++++
tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.args | 32 ++++++++++++----------
tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.xml | 26 +++++++++---------
tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c | 3 +-
tests/qemuxml2xmltest.c | 3 +-
5 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_command.c b/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
index df90f5ed..da9450fe 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
@@ -614,6 +614,16 @@ qemuBuildVirtioOptionsStr(virBufferPtr buf,
virBufferAsprintf(buf, ",ats=%s",
virTristateSwitchTypeToString(virtio->ats));
}
+ if (virtio->packed != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
+ if (!virQEMUCapsGet(qemuCaps, QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PACKED_QUEUES)) {
+ virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
+ _("the packed setting is not supported with this "
+ "QEMU binary"));
+ return -1;
+ }
+ virBufferAsprintf(buf, ",packed=%s",
+ virTristateSwitchTypeToString(virtio->packed));
+ }
return 0;
}
diff --git a/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.args b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.args
index 33ecd8f4..8253a788 100644
--- a/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.args
+++ b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.args
@@ -24,36 +24,38 @@ server,nowait \
-rtc base=utc \
-no-shutdown \
-no-acpi \
--device virtio-scsi-pci,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,id=scsi0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x8 \
--device virtio-serial-pci,id=virtio-serial0,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,bus=pci.0,\
-addr=0x9 \
+-device virtio-scsi-pci,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on,id=scsi0,bus=pci.0,\
+addr=0x8 \
+-device virtio-serial-pci,id=virtio-serial0,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on,\
+bus=pci.0,addr=0x9 \
-usb \
-drive file=/var/lib/libvirt/images/img1,format=raw,if=none,\
id=drive-virtio-disk0 \
--device virtio-blk-pci,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0xa,\
+-device virtio-blk-pci,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0xa,\
drive=drive-virtio-disk0,id=virtio-disk0,bootindex=1 \
-fsdev local,security_model=passthrough,id=fsdev-fs0,path=/export/fs1 \
-device virtio-9p-pci,id=fs0,fsdev=fsdev-fs0,mount_tag=fs1,iommu_platform=on,\
-ats=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0x3 \
+ats=on,packed=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0x3 \
-fsdev local,security_model=mapped,writeout=immediate,id=fsdev-fs1,\
path=/export/fs2 \
-device virtio-9p-pci,id=fs1,fsdev=fsdev-fs1,mount_tag=fs2,iommu_platform=on,\
-ats=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4 \
+ats=on,packed=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4 \
-netdev user,id=hostnet0 \
-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=hostnet0,id=net0,mac=52:54:56:58:5a:5c,bus=pci.0,\
-addr=0x6,iommu_platform=on,ats=on \
--device virtio-mouse-pci,id=input0,bus=pci.0,addr=0xe,iommu_platform=on,ats=on \
+addr=0x6,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on \
+-device virtio-mouse-pci,id=input0,bus=pci.0,addr=0xe,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,\
+packed=on \
-device virtio-keyboard-pci,id=input1,bus=pci.0,addr=0x10,iommu_platform=on,\
-ats=on \
+ats=on,packed=on \
-device virtio-tablet-pci,id=input2,bus=pci.0,addr=0x11,iommu_platform=on,\
-ats=on \
+ats=on,packed=on \
-device virtio-input-host-pci,id=input3,evdev=/dev/input/event1234,bus=pci.0,\
-addr=0x12,iommu_platform=on,ats=on \
+addr=0x12,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on \
-chardev socket,id=chr-vu-video0,fd=1729 \
-device vhost-user-gpu-pci,id=video0,max_outputs=1,chardev=chr-vu-video0,\
-bus=pci.0,addr=0x2,iommu_platform=on,ats=on \
+bus=pci.0,addr=0x2,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on \
-device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.0,addr=0xc,iommu_platform=on,\
-ats=on \
+ats=on,packed=on \
-object rng-random,id=objrng0,filename=/dev/random \
--device virtio-rng-pci,rng=objrng0,id=rng0,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,bus=pci.0,\
-addr=0xd
+-device virtio-rng-pci,rng=objrng0,id=rng0,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on,\
+bus=pci.0,addr=0xd
diff --git a/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.xml b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.xml
index dd9a4f4a..3ca27840 100644
--- a/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.xml
+++ b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.xml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
- <driver name='qemu' type='raw' iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver name='qemu' type='raw' iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
<source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/img1'/>
<target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x0a' function='0x0'/>
@@ -27,22 +27,22 @@
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<controller type='scsi' index='0' model='virtio-scsi'>
- <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x08' function='0x0'/>
</controller>
<controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'/>
<controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'>
- <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x09' function='0x0'/>
</controller>
<filesystem type='mount' accessmode='passthrough'>
- <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
<source dir='/export/fs1'/>
<target dir='fs1'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</filesystem>
<filesystem type='mount' accessmode='mapped'>
- <driver type='path' wrpolicy='immediate' iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver type='path' wrpolicy='immediate' iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
<source dir='/export/fs2'/>
<target dir='fs2'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
@@ -50,30 +50,30 @@
<interface type='user'>
<mac address='52:54:56:58:5a:5c'/>
<model type='virtio'/>
- <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>
</interface>
<input type='mouse' bus='virtio'>
- <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x0e' function='0x0'/>
</input>
<input type='keyboard' bus='virtio'>
- <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x10' function='0x0'/>
</input>
<input type='tablet' bus='virtio'>
- <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x11' function='0x0'/>
</input>
<input type='passthrough' bus='virtio'>
- <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
<source evdev='/dev/input/event1234'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x12' function='0x0'/>
</input>
<input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
<input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'/>
<video>
- <driver iommu='on' ats='on' name='vhostuser'/>
+ <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on' name='vhostuser'/>
<model type='virtio' heads='1' primary='yes'>
<acceleration accel3d='yes' rendernode='/dev/dri/test'/>
</model>
@@ -81,11 +81,11 @@
</video>
<memballoon model='virtio'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x0c' function='0x0'/>
- <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
</memballoon>
<rng model='virtio'>
<backend model='random'>/dev/random</backend>
- <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
+ <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x0d' function='0x0'/>
</rng>
</devices>
diff --git a/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c b/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c
index fdeb3c2e..405227fd 100644
--- a/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c
+++ b/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c
@@ -2989,7 +2989,8 @@ mymain(void)
QEMU_CAPS_OBJECT_RNG_RANDOM,
QEMU_CAPS_DEVICE_VIDEO_PRIMARY,
QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PCI_IOMMU_PLATFORM,
- QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PCI_ATS);
+ QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PCI_ATS,
+ QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PACKED_QUEUES);
DO_TEST("fd-memory-numa-topology", QEMU_CAPS_OBJECT_MEMORY_FILE,
QEMU_CAPS_KVM);
diff --git a/tests/qemuxml2xmltest.c b/tests/qemuxml2xmltest.c
index b4c83fcc..756d4e2c 100644
--- a/tests/qemuxml2xmltest.c
+++ b/tests/qemuxml2xmltest.c
@@ -1291,7 +1291,8 @@ mymain(void)
QEMU_CAPS_DEVICE_VIDEO_PRIMARY,
QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PCI_IOMMU_PLATFORM,
QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PCI_ATS,
- QEMU_CAPS_DEVICE_VHOST_USER_GPU);
+ QEMU_CAPS_DEVICE_VHOST_USER_GPU,
+ QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PACKED_QUEUES);
DO_TEST("fd-memory-numa-topology", QEMU_CAPS_OBJECT_MEMORY_FILE,
QEMU_CAPS_KVM);
--
2.24.1
On Mon, Apr 06, 2020 at 03:13 PM +0200, Bjoern Walk <bwalk@linux.ibm.com> wrote:
> Pass the packed option on the QEMU command line of the capability for
> packed virtqueues is detected and the parameter is set explicitly.
>
> Reviewed-by: Ján Tomko <jtomko@redhat.com>
> Reviewed-by: Boris Fiuczynski <fiuczy@linux.ibm.com>
> Signed-off-by: Bjoern Walk <bwalk@linux.ibm.com>
> ---
> src/qemu/qemu_command.c | 10 +++++++
> tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.args | 32 ++++++++++++----------
> tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.xml | 26 +++++++++---------
> tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c | 3 +-
> tests/qemuxml2xmltest.c | 3 +-
> 5 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_command.c b/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
> index df90f5ed..da9450fe 100644
> --- a/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
> +++ b/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
> @@ -614,6 +614,16 @@ qemuBuildVirtioOptionsStr(virBufferPtr buf,
> virBufferAsprintf(buf, ",ats=%s",
> virTristateSwitchTypeToString(virtio->ats));
> }
> + if (virtio->packed != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
> + if (!virQEMUCapsGet(qemuCaps, QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PACKED_QUEUES)) {
> + virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
> + _("the packed setting is not supported with this "
> + "QEMU binary"));
> + return -1;
> + }
> + virBufferAsprintf(buf, ",packed=%s",
> + virTristateSwitchTypeToString(virtio->packed));
> + }
>
> return 0;
> }
> diff --git a/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.args b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.args
> index 33ecd8f4..8253a788 100644
> --- a/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.args
> +++ b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.args
> @@ -24,36 +24,38 @@ server,nowait \
> -rtc base=utc \
> -no-shutdown \
> -no-acpi \
> --device virtio-scsi-pci,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,id=scsi0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x8 \
> --device virtio-serial-pci,id=virtio-serial0,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,bus=pci.0,\
> -addr=0x9 \
> +-device virtio-scsi-pci,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on,id=scsi0,bus=pci.0,\
> +addr=0x8 \
> +-device virtio-serial-pci,id=virtio-serial0,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on,\
> +bus=pci.0,addr=0x9 \
> -usb \
> -drive file=/var/lib/libvirt/images/img1,format=raw,if=none,\
> id=drive-virtio-disk0 \
> --device virtio-blk-pci,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0xa,\
> +-device virtio-blk-pci,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0xa,\
> drive=drive-virtio-disk0,id=virtio-disk0,bootindex=1 \
> -fsdev local,security_model=passthrough,id=fsdev-fs0,path=/export/fs1 \
> -device virtio-9p-pci,id=fs0,fsdev=fsdev-fs0,mount_tag=fs1,iommu_platform=on,\
> -ats=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0x3 \
> +ats=on,packed=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0x3 \
> -fsdev local,security_model=mapped,writeout=immediate,id=fsdev-fs1,\
> path=/export/fs2 \
> -device virtio-9p-pci,id=fs1,fsdev=fsdev-fs1,mount_tag=fs2,iommu_platform=on,\
> -ats=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4 \
> +ats=on,packed=on,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4 \
> -netdev user,id=hostnet0 \
> -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=hostnet0,id=net0,mac=52:54:56:58:5a:5c,bus=pci.0,\
> -addr=0x6,iommu_platform=on,ats=on \
> --device virtio-mouse-pci,id=input0,bus=pci.0,addr=0xe,iommu_platform=on,ats=on \
> +addr=0x6,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on \
> +-device virtio-mouse-pci,id=input0,bus=pci.0,addr=0xe,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,\
> +packed=on \
> -device virtio-keyboard-pci,id=input1,bus=pci.0,addr=0x10,iommu_platform=on,\
> -ats=on \
> +ats=on,packed=on \
> -device virtio-tablet-pci,id=input2,bus=pci.0,addr=0x11,iommu_platform=on,\
> -ats=on \
> +ats=on,packed=on \
> -device virtio-input-host-pci,id=input3,evdev=/dev/input/event1234,bus=pci.0,\
> -addr=0x12,iommu_platform=on,ats=on \
> +addr=0x12,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on \
> -chardev socket,id=chr-vu-video0,fd=1729 \
> -device vhost-user-gpu-pci,id=video0,max_outputs=1,chardev=chr-vu-video0,\
> -bus=pci.0,addr=0x2,iommu_platform=on,ats=on \
> +bus=pci.0,addr=0x2,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on \
> -device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.0,addr=0xc,iommu_platform=on,\
> -ats=on \
> +ats=on,packed=on \
> -object rng-random,id=objrng0,filename=/dev/random \
> --device virtio-rng-pci,rng=objrng0,id=rng0,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,bus=pci.0,\
> -addr=0xd
> +-device virtio-rng-pci,rng=objrng0,id=rng0,iommu_platform=on,ats=on,packed=on,\
> +bus=pci.0,addr=0xd
> diff --git a/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.xml b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.xml
> index dd9a4f4a..3ca27840 100644
> --- a/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.xml
> +++ b/tests/qemuxml2argvdata/virtio-options.xml
> @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
> <devices>
> <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator>
> <disk type='file' device='disk'>
> - <driver name='qemu' type='raw' iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver name='qemu' type='raw' iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> <source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/img1'/>
> <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x0a' function='0x0'/>
> @@ -27,22 +27,22 @@
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
> </controller>
> <controller type='scsi' index='0' model='virtio-scsi'>
> - <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x08' function='0x0'/>
> </controller>
> <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'/>
> <controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'>
> - <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x09' function='0x0'/>
> </controller>
> <filesystem type='mount' accessmode='passthrough'>
> - <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> <source dir='/export/fs1'/>
> <target dir='fs1'/>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
> </filesystem>
> <filesystem type='mount' accessmode='mapped'>
> - <driver type='path' wrpolicy='immediate' iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver type='path' wrpolicy='immediate' iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> <source dir='/export/fs2'/>
> <target dir='fs2'/>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
> @@ -50,30 +50,30 @@
> <interface type='user'>
> <mac address='52:54:56:58:5a:5c'/>
> <model type='virtio'/>
> - <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>
> </interface>
> <input type='mouse' bus='virtio'>
> - <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x0e' function='0x0'/>
> </input>
> <input type='keyboard' bus='virtio'>
> - <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x10' function='0x0'/>
> </input>
> <input type='tablet' bus='virtio'>
> - <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x11' function='0x0'/>
> </input>
> <input type='passthrough' bus='virtio'>
> - <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> <source evdev='/dev/input/event1234'/>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x12' function='0x0'/>
> </input>
> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
> <input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'/>
> <video>
> - <driver iommu='on' ats='on' name='vhostuser'/>
> + <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on' name='vhostuser'/>
> <model type='virtio' heads='1' primary='yes'>
> <acceleration accel3d='yes' rendernode='/dev/dri/test'/>
> </model>
> @@ -81,11 +81,11 @@
> </video>
> <memballoon model='virtio'>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x0c' function='0x0'/>
> - <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> </memballoon>
> <rng model='virtio'>
> <backend model='random'>/dev/random</backend>
> - <driver iommu='on' ats='on'/>
> + <driver iommu='on' ats='on' packed='on'/>
> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x0d' function='0x0'/>
> </rng>
> </devices>
> diff --git a/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c b/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c
> index fdeb3c2e..405227fd 100644
> --- a/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c
> +++ b/tests/qemuxml2argvtest.c
> @@ -2989,7 +2989,8 @@ mymain(void)
> QEMU_CAPS_OBJECT_RNG_RANDOM,
> QEMU_CAPS_DEVICE_VIDEO_PRIMARY,
> QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PCI_IOMMU_PLATFORM,
> - QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PCI_ATS);
> + QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PCI_ATS,
> + QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PACKED_QUEUES);
>
> DO_TEST("fd-memory-numa-topology", QEMU_CAPS_OBJECT_MEMORY_FILE,
> QEMU_CAPS_KVM);
> diff --git a/tests/qemuxml2xmltest.c b/tests/qemuxml2xmltest.c
> index b4c83fcc..756d4e2c 100644
> --- a/tests/qemuxml2xmltest.c
> +++ b/tests/qemuxml2xmltest.c
> @@ -1291,7 +1291,8 @@ mymain(void)
> QEMU_CAPS_DEVICE_VIDEO_PRIMARY,
> QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PCI_IOMMU_PLATFORM,
> QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PCI_ATS,
> - QEMU_CAPS_DEVICE_VHOST_USER_GPU);
> + QEMU_CAPS_DEVICE_VHOST_USER_GPU,
> + QEMU_CAPS_VIRTIO_PACKED_QUEUES);
>
> DO_TEST("fd-memory-numa-topology", QEMU_CAPS_OBJECT_MEMORY_FILE,
> QEMU_CAPS_KVM);
> --
> 2.24.1
Reviewed-by: Marc Hartmayer <mhartmay@linux.ibm.com>
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