From nobody Mon Apr 6 23:14:25 2026 Received: from smtp.kernel.org (aws-us-west-2-korg-mail-1.web.codeaurora.org [10.30.226.201]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 22BDC3F8819 for ; Tue, 17 Mar 2026 19:11:47 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=10.30.226.201 ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1773774707; cv=none; b=TD5ea4BhSLjf5IfH/QTh1RtGvEH4dSCAKevVCiaVsMQlnJtIifGqR5ZH3n+C64Y5wCf9Yzf+ktzJ7MtBQIsldJRjnz2/FMHn06SCPTmG4lKtoQqmqWCnKGHcgKPsO/mj7Cf01RcgCkQYOGrPFLGxQ0fAMTcDWXQXuil7sMGATQY= ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1773774707; c=relaxed/simple; bh=6qAo9p0pvAkaB9lu02Jrlp6+eUUnzdgMv9MWD/iqd7I=; h=From:Date:Subject:MIME-Version:Content-Type:Message-Id:References: In-Reply-To:To:Cc; b=s1BIgT4RkzzF8i4Y7iVh1ppUM4DHc+HrxN4JSr5AeckyOie2aYm5GvRShJj9v6PfSIfPyoLd89s19nJbUoRdbpDrvDCz+6v12LFzjkdiamum6ZE5+Aql6UWtyqob8iVDCHlS4okTyRFy0bU9WpDx8PmBxTcfszyl9PBXGKTSgas= ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=kernel.org header.i=@kernel.org header.b=u8RVzOmA; arc=none smtp.client-ip=10.30.226.201 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=kernel.org header.i=@kernel.org header.b="u8RVzOmA" Received: by smtp.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id D66EDC2BCB2; Tue, 17 Mar 2026 19:11:46 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=kernel.org; s=k20201202; t=1773774706; bh=6qAo9p0pvAkaB9lu02Jrlp6+eUUnzdgMv9MWD/iqd7I=; h=From:Date:Subject:References:In-Reply-To:To:Cc:Reply-To:From; b=u8RVzOmAoJ8+AxaX321ioH1GMRWNUk1MIuq4KaOzGy4+Zx6+qsQ6WLF/IrR9cdfVq LgRZp8AI3J4zbqvToXdI1dcGAAufcwEUKnQmNKytQm7lBeGk6P/pVN09a1OUIwW1QB 0X/pHoWpmbkZD3DvtBqUFoFQOMtie74jdyvq6BA8rp2LOZmBQ5PXHG+VAbva7WvoPa qufNDa+ZnDunBTW2/ECTK2NLrbZfeUzGwxGTypvVG/Pts6CYN+wnwC7iQRC3ocAacK +ivUH6qyVACiyKR6dAtFfvUfEzO+YLUEQj77nQ4wjLnT6RJPCeo1jOKrJHBDeIYkkJ QtszNI6kVmITA== Received: from aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org (localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1]) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id CE800FEDA14; Tue, 17 Mar 2026 19:11:46 +0000 (UTC) From: Kairui Song via B4 Relay Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2026 03:09:03 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 7/8] mm/mglru: simplify and improve dirty writeback handling Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Message-Id: <20260318-mglru-reclaim-v1-7-2c46f9eb0508@tencent.com> References: <20260318-mglru-reclaim-v1-0-2c46f9eb0508@tencent.com> In-Reply-To: <20260318-mglru-reclaim-v1-0-2c46f9eb0508@tencent.com> To: linux-mm@kvack.org Cc: Andrew Morton , Axel Rasmussen , Yuanchu Xie , Wei Xu , Johannes Weiner , David Hildenbrand , Michal Hocko , Qi Zheng , Shakeel Butt , Lorenzo Stoakes , Barry Song , David Stevens , Chen Ridong , Leno Hou , Yafang Shao , Yu Zhao , Zicheng Wang , Kalesh Singh , Suren Baghdasaryan , Chris Li , Vernon Yang , linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Kairui Song X-Mailer: b4 0.14.3 X-Developer-Signature: v=1; a=ed25519-sha256; t=1773774704; l=6525; i=kasong@tencent.com; s=kasong-sign-tencent; h=from:subject:message-id; bh=4v8IMSBCol6NW26BtD5Q/L1ClDP1BcPSL9T6s99BSk4=; b=ogWGF6m9Kn1C0l8kcePmuURjvWxNqfs0Nq5qylyh8k5Lu9lBZj1aLlqafYXwCtj1m+qUBfcfX GlyrobjCyxTBuGGdl87zTSoMBm9jDi7IXnMMfQTqP+yFeDoz9Q+gqi6 X-Developer-Key: i=kasong@tencent.com; a=ed25519; pk=kCdoBuwrYph+KrkJnrr7Sm1pwwhGDdZKcKrqiK8Y1mI= X-Endpoint-Received: by B4 Relay for kasong@tencent.com/kasong-sign-tencent with auth_id=562 X-Original-From: Kairui Song Reply-To: kasong@tencent.com From: Kairui Song The current handling of dirty writeback folios is not working well for file page heavy workloads: Dirty folios are protected and move to next gen upon isolation of getting throttled or reactivated upon pageout (shrink_folio_list). This might help to reduce the LRU lock contention slightly, but as a result, the ping-pong effect of folios between head and tail of last two gens is serious as the shrinker will run into protected dirty writeback folios more frequently compared to activation. The dirty flush wakeup condition is also much more passive compared to active/inactive LRU. Active / inactve LRU wakes the flusher if one batch of folios passed to shrink_folio_list is unevictable due to under writeback, but MGLRU instead has to check this after the whole reclaim loop is done, and then count the isolation protection number compared to the total reclaim number. And we previously saw OOM problems with it, too, which were fixed but still not perfect [1]. So instead, just drop the special handling for dirty writeback, just re-activate it like active / inactive LRU. And also move the dirty flush wake up check right after shrink_folio_list. This should improve both throttling and performance. Test with YCSB workloadb showed a major performance improvement: Before this series: Throughput(ops/sec): 61642.78008938203 AverageLatency(us): 507.11127774145166 pgpgin 158190589 pgpgout 5880616 workingset_refault 7262988 After this commit: Throughput(ops/sec): 80216.04855744806 (+30.1%, higher is better) AverageLatency(us): 388.17633477268913 (-23.5%, lower is better) pgpgin 101871227 (-35.6%, lower is better) pgpgout 5770028 workingset_refault 3418186 (-52.9%, lower is better) The refault rate is 50% lower, and throughput is 30% higher, which is a huge gain. We also observed significant performance gain for other real-world workloads. We were concerned that the dirty flush could cause more wear for SSD: that should not be the problem here, since the wakeup condition is when the dirty folios have been pushed to the tail of LRU, which indicates that memory pressure is so high that writeback is blocking the workload already. Signed-off-by: Kairui Song Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20241026115714.1437435-1-jingxiangze= ng.cas@gmail.com/ [1] Reviewed-by: Axel Rasmussen --- mm/vmscan.c | 44 +++++++++++++------------------------------- 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-) diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c index b26959d90850..e11d0f1a8b68 100644 --- a/mm/vmscan.c +++ b/mm/vmscan.c @@ -4577,7 +4577,6 @@ static bool sort_folio(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct = folio *folio, struct scan_c int tier_idx) { bool success; - bool dirty, writeback; int gen =3D folio_lru_gen(folio); int type =3D folio_is_file_lru(folio); int zone =3D folio_zonenum(folio); @@ -4627,21 +4626,6 @@ static bool sort_folio(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct= folio *folio, struct scan_c return true; } =20 - dirty =3D folio_test_dirty(folio); - writeback =3D folio_test_writeback(folio); - if (type =3D=3D LRU_GEN_FILE && dirty) { - sc->nr.file_taken +=3D delta; - if (!writeback) - sc->nr.unqueued_dirty +=3D delta; - } - - /* waiting for writeback */ - if (writeback || (type =3D=3D LRU_GEN_FILE && dirty)) { - gen =3D folio_inc_gen(lruvec, folio, true); - list_move(&folio->lru, &lrugen->folios[gen][type][zone]); - return true; - } - return false; } =20 @@ -4748,8 +4732,6 @@ static int scan_folios(unsigned long nr_to_scan, stru= ct lruvec *lruvec, trace_mm_vmscan_lru_isolate(sc->reclaim_idx, sc->order, nr_to_scan, scanned, skipped, isolated, type ? LRU_INACTIVE_FILE : LRU_INACTIVE_ANON); - if (type =3D=3D LRU_GEN_FILE) - sc->nr.file_taken +=3D isolated; =20 *isolatedp =3D isolated; return scanned; @@ -4814,11 +4796,11 @@ static int get_type_to_scan(struct lruvec *lruvec, = int swappiness) =20 static int isolate_folios(unsigned long nr_to_scan, struct lruvec *lruvec, struct scan_control *sc, int swappiness, - int *type_scanned, struct list_head *list) + int *type_scanned, + struct list_head *list, int *isolated) { int i; int scanned =3D 0; - int isolated =3D 0; int type =3D get_type_to_scan(lruvec, swappiness); =20 for_each_evictable_type(i, swappiness) { @@ -4827,8 +4809,8 @@ static int isolate_folios(unsigned long nr_to_scan, s= truct lruvec *lruvec, *type_scanned =3D type; =20 scanned +=3D scan_folios(nr_to_scan, lruvec, sc, - type, tier, list, &isolated); - if (isolated) + type, tier, list, isolated); + if (*isolated) return scanned; =20 type =3D !type; @@ -4843,6 +4825,7 @@ static int evict_folios(unsigned long nr_to_scan, str= uct lruvec *lruvec, int type; int scanned; int reclaimed; + int isolated =3D 0; LIST_HEAD(list); LIST_HEAD(clean); struct folio *folio; @@ -4856,7 +4839,7 @@ static int evict_folios(unsigned long nr_to_scan, str= uct lruvec *lruvec, =20 lruvec_lock_irq(lruvec); =20 - scanned =3D isolate_folios(nr_to_scan, lruvec, sc, swappiness, &type, &li= st); + scanned =3D isolate_folios(nr_to_scan, lruvec, sc, swappiness, &type, &li= st, &isolated); =20 try_to_inc_min_seq(lruvec, swappiness); =20 @@ -4866,12 +4849,18 @@ static int evict_folios(unsigned long nr_to_scan, s= truct lruvec *lruvec, return scanned; retry: reclaimed =3D shrink_folio_list(&list, pgdat, sc, &stat, false, memcg); - sc->nr.unqueued_dirty +=3D stat.nr_unqueued_dirty; sc->nr_reclaimed +=3D reclaimed; trace_mm_vmscan_lru_shrink_inactive(pgdat->node_id, scanned, reclaimed, &stat, sc->priority, type ? LRU_INACTIVE_FILE : LRU_INACTIVE_ANON); =20 + /* + * If too many file cache in the coldest generation can't be evicted + * due to being dirty, wake up the flusher. + */ + if (stat.nr_unqueued_dirty =3D=3D isolated) + wakeup_flusher_threads(WB_REASON_VMSCAN); + list_for_each_entry_safe_reverse(folio, next, &list, lru) { DEFINE_MIN_SEQ(lruvec); =20 @@ -5023,13 +5012,6 @@ static bool try_to_shrink_lruvec(struct lruvec *lruv= ec, struct scan_control *sc) cond_resched(); } =20 - /* - * If too many file cache in the coldest generation can't be evicted - * due to being dirty, wake up the flusher. - */ - if (sc->nr.unqueued_dirty && sc->nr.unqueued_dirty =3D=3D sc->nr.file_tak= en) - wakeup_flusher_threads(WB_REASON_VMSCAN); - /* whether this lruvec should be rotated */ return need_rotate; } --=20 2.53.0