From nobody Tue Dec 2 02:18:57 2025 Received: from us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com (us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com [170.10.133.124]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id D499131DD99 for ; Thu, 20 Nov 2025 21:48:00 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=170.10.133.124 ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1763675282; cv=none; b=PxZY6uR31bxVr8SEdh7REMfbkAinHzyCJQU0nodHHPSkl090sfpUsXkFwInzuzqs63SWoDZFuhkttKna/7hxqB1hIoTfk0jjhe2xLTHaXMb4P7yVr2ZygqpXrhh2nJH5Nq/hWhA4zlcROaGf67ii8Nnsfth8hNJcj7O3FH4qZGo= ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1763675282; c=relaxed/simple; bh=M+/iBdFAshvT1ZMvIHDZIFrkD75pjG7bJeN1keZ/6LI=; h=From:To:Cc:Subject:Date:Message-ID:In-Reply-To:References: MIME-Version; b=LfOvEqtKyceAQWJFv4zvjfQlF9nnDZhcK3bMQNCaAJ/XMqEflR3vXPY6sNHGSJhr2yTcyfYSAYZGd1fN9BSWZ753ejYc2FZU1dwfAvKVYreLsf+Lt6rTUvkKOVWxzzUYHFUK64FoVtADfjm4in8HTWD45AH5CRJZmY1rKuPH5uo= ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=quarantine dis=none) header.from=redhat.com; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=redhat.com; dkim=pass (1024-bit key) header.d=redhat.com header.i=@redhat.com header.b=AWG3JdYe; arc=none smtp.client-ip=170.10.133.124 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=quarantine dis=none) header.from=redhat.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=redhat.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (1024-bit key) header.d=redhat.com header.i=@redhat.com header.b="AWG3JdYe" DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=redhat.com; s=mimecast20190719; t=1763675279; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding: in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references; bh=yaRVaGqvF7IgzSsHhbA8wppOS06rhi/DEFWhjGVi4MY=; b=AWG3JdYeeUR1LQEk8RHvWgp8dVXrPE2/GkLwekNeC+9SfiYADstzHg9Rr5UNv79qn5Qfp2 fVCvJPQfENaNcp93sfegvw4aUxjltERbOH5LOxNMnc+Rv3e6vhNyluHFmbcspja4086heB quYwdtn7CAN6VC5KktvSEpuQcNbqRT4= Received: from mx-prod-mc-08.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (ec2-35-165-154-97.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com [35.165.154.97]) by relay.mimecast.com with ESMTP with STARTTLS (version=TLSv1.3, cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384) id us-mta-280-ezBf1d8jMrKeHPf1sxJuNg-1; Thu, 20 Nov 2025 16:47:53 -0500 X-MC-Unique: ezBf1d8jMrKeHPf1sxJuNg-1 X-Mimecast-MFC-AGG-ID: ezBf1d8jMrKeHPf1sxJuNg_1763675271 Received: from mx-prod-int-05.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (mx-prod-int-05.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com [10.30.177.17]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) server-digest SHA256) (No client certificate requested) by mx-prod-mc-08.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 2203B18002C2; Thu, 20 Nov 2025 21:47:51 +0000 (UTC) Received: from chopper.redhat.com (unknown [10.22.88.52]) by mx-prod-int-05.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id AD8571940E82; Thu, 20 Nov 2025 21:47:46 +0000 (UTC) From: Lyude Paul To: rust-for-linux@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Thomas Gleixner Cc: Boqun Feng , Daniel Almeida , Miguel Ojeda , Alex Gaynor , Gary Guo , =?UTF-8?q?Bj=C3=B6rn=20Roy=20Baron?= , Benno Lossin , Andreas Hindborg , Alice Ryhl , Trevor Gross , Danilo Krummrich , Andrew Morton , Peter Zijlstra , Ingo Molnar , Will Deacon , Waiman Long Subject: [PATCH v14 10/16] rust: sync: lock: Add `Backend::BackendInContext` Date: Thu, 20 Nov 2025 16:46:02 -0500 Message-ID: <20251120214616.14386-11-lyude@redhat.com> In-Reply-To: <20251120214616.14386-1-lyude@redhat.com> References: <20251120214616.14386-1-lyude@redhat.com> Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Scanned-By: MIMEDefang 3.0 on 10.30.177.17 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" From: Boqun Feng `SpinLockIrq` and `SpinLock` use the exact same underlying C structure, with the only real difference being that the former uses the irq_disable() and irq_enable() variants for locking/unlocking. These variants can introduce some minor overhead in contexts where we already know that local processor interrupts are disabled, and as such we want a way to be able to skip modifying processor interrupt state in said contexts in order to avoid some overhead - just like the current C API allows us to do. So, `BackendInContext` allows us to cast a lock into it's contextless version for situations where we already have whatever guarantees would be provided by `Backend::Context` in place. In some hacked-together benchmarks we ran, most of the time this did actually seem to lead to a noticeable difference in overhead: From an aarch64 VM running on a MacBook M4: lock() when irq is disabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 500 } lock_with() when irq is disabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 292 } lock() when irq is enabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 834 } lock() when irq is disabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 459 } lock_with() when irq is disabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 291 } lock() when irq is enabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 709 } From an x86_64 VM (qemu/kvm) running on a i7-13700H lock() when irq is disabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 1002 } lock_with() when irq is disabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 729 } lock() when irq is enabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 1516 } lock() when irq is disabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 754 } lock_with() when irq is disabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 966 } lock() when irq is enabled, 100 times cost Delta { nanos: 1227 } (note that there were some runs on x86_64 where lock() on irq disabled vs. lock_with() on irq disabled had equivalent benchmarks, but it very much appeared to be a minority of test runs. While it's not clear how this affects real-world workloads yet, let's add this for the time being so we can find out. Signed-off-by: Boqun Feng Co-developed-by: Lyude Paul Signed-off-by: Lyude Paul --- V10: * Fix typos - Dirk/Lyude * Since we're adding support for context locks to GlobalLock as well, let's also make sure to cover try_lock while we're at it and add try_lock_with * Add a private function as_lock_in_context() for handling casting from a Lock to Lock so we don't have to duplicate safety comments V11: * Fix clippy::ref_as_ptr error in Lock::as_lock_in_context() V14: * Add benchmark results, rewrite commit message rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs | 61 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- rust/kernel/sync/lock/mutex.rs | 1 + rust/kernel/sync/lock/spinlock.rs | 41 +++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 101 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs index 7df62923608b7..abc7ceff35994 100644 --- a/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs +++ b/rust/kernel/sync/lock.rs @@ -30,10 +30,15 @@ /// is owned, that is, between calls to [`lock`] and [`unlock`]. /// - Implementers must also ensure that [`relock`] uses the same locking = method as the original /// lock operation. +/// - Implementers must ensure if [`BackendInContext`] is a [`Backend`], i= t's safe to acquire the +/// lock under the [`Context`], the [`State`] of two backends must be th= e same. /// /// [`lock`]: Backend::lock /// [`unlock`]: Backend::unlock /// [`relock`]: Backend::relock +/// [`BackendInContext`]: Backend::BackendInContext +/// [`Context`]: Backend::Context +/// [`State`]: Backend::State pub unsafe trait Backend { /// The state required by the lock. type State; @@ -47,6 +52,9 @@ pub unsafe trait Backend { /// The context which can be provided to acquire the lock with a diffe= rent backend. type Context<'a>; =20 + /// The alternative backend we can use if a [`Context`](Backend::Conte= xt) is provided. + type BackendInContext: Sized; + /// Initialises the lock. /// /// # Safety @@ -166,10 +174,59 @@ pub unsafe fn from_raw<'a>(ptr: *mut B::State) -> &'a= Self { } =20 impl Lock { + /// Casts the lock as a `Lock`. + fn as_lock_in_context<'a>( + &'a self, + _context: B::Context<'a>, + ) -> &'a Lock + where + B::BackendInContext: Backend, + { + // SAFETY: + // - Per the safety guarantee of `Backend`, if `B::BackendInContex= t` and `B` should + // have the same state, the layout of the lock is the same so it= 's safe to convert one to + // another. + // - The caller provided `B::Context<'a>`, so it is safe to recast= and return this lock. + unsafe { &*(core::ptr::from_ref(self) as *const _) } + } + /// Acquires the lock with the given context and gives the caller acce= ss to the data protected /// by it. - pub fn lock_with<'a>(&'a self, _context: B::Context<'a>) -> Guard<'a, = T, B> { - todo!() + pub fn lock_with<'a>(&'a self, context: B::Context<'a>) -> Guard<'a, T= , B::BackendInContext> + where + B::BackendInContext: Backend, + { + let lock =3D self.as_lock_in_context(context); + + // SAFETY: The constructor of the type calls `init`, so the existe= nce of the object proves + // that `init` was called. Plus the safety guarantee of `Backend` = guarantees that `B::State` + // is the same as `B::BackendInContext::State`, also it's safe to = call another backend + // because there is `B::Context<'a>`. + let state =3D unsafe { B::BackendInContext::lock(lock.state.get())= }; + + // SAFETY: The lock was just acquired. + unsafe { Guard::new(lock, state) } + } + + /// Tries to acquire the lock with the given context. + /// + /// Returns a guard that can be used to access the data protected by t= he lock if successful. + pub fn try_lock_with<'a>( + &'a self, + context: B::Context<'a>, + ) -> Option> + where + B::BackendInContext: Backend, + { + let lock =3D self.as_lock_in_context(context); + + // SAFETY: The constructor of the type calls `init`, so the existe= nce of the object proves + // that `init` was called. Plus the safety guarantee of `Backend` = guarantees that `B::State` + // is the same as `B::BackendInContext::State`, also it's safe to = call another backend + // because there is `B::Context<'a>`. + unsafe { + B::BackendInContext::try_lock(lock.state.get()).map(|state| Gu= ard::new(lock, state)) + } } =20 /// Acquires the lock and gives the caller access to the data protecte= d by it. diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/lock/mutex.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/lock/mutex.rs index be1e2e18cf42d..662a530750703 100644 --- a/rust/kernel/sync/lock/mutex.rs +++ b/rust/kernel/sync/lock/mutex.rs @@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ unsafe impl super::Backend for MutexBackend { type State =3D bindings::mutex; type GuardState =3D (); type Context<'a> =3D (); + type BackendInContext =3D (); =20 unsafe fn init( ptr: *mut Self::State, diff --git a/rust/kernel/sync/lock/spinlock.rs b/rust/kernel/sync/lock/spin= lock.rs index 70d19a2636afe..81384ea239955 100644 --- a/rust/kernel/sync/lock/spinlock.rs +++ b/rust/kernel/sync/lock/spinlock.rs @@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ unsafe impl super::Backend for SpinLockBackend { type State =3D bindings::spinlock_t; type GuardState =3D (); type Context<'a> =3D (); + type BackendInContext =3D (); =20 unsafe fn init( ptr: *mut Self::State, @@ -221,6 +222,45 @@ macro_rules! new_spinlock_irq { /// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) /// ``` /// +/// The next example demonstrates locking a [`SpinLockIrq`] using [`lock_w= ith()`] in a function +/// which can only be called when local processor interrupts are already d= isabled. +/// +/// ``` +/// use kernel::sync::{new_spinlock_irq, SpinLockIrq}; +/// use kernel::interrupt::*; +/// +/// struct Inner { +/// a: u32, +/// } +/// +/// #[pin_data] +/// struct Example { +/// #[pin] +/// inner: SpinLockIrq, +/// } +/// +/// impl Example { +/// fn new() -> impl PinInit { +/// pin_init!(Self { +/// inner <- new_spinlock_irq!(Inner { a: 20 }), +/// }) +/// } +/// } +/// +/// // Accessing an `Example` from a function that can only be called in n= o-interrupt contexts. +/// fn noirq_work(e: &Example, interrupt_disabled: &LocalInterruptDisabled= ) { +/// // Because we know interrupts are disabled from interrupt_disable,= we can skip toggling +/// // interrupt state using lock_with() and the provided token +/// assert_eq!(e.inner.lock_with(interrupt_disabled).a, 20); +/// } +/// +/// # let e =3D KBox::pin_init(Example::new(), GFP_KERNEL)?; +/// # let interrupt_guard =3D local_interrupt_disable(); +/// # noirq_work(&e, &interrupt_guard); +/// # +/// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) +/// ``` +/// /// [`lock()`]: SpinLockIrq::lock /// [`lock_with()`]: SpinLockIrq::lock_with pub type SpinLockIrq =3D super::Lock; @@ -245,6 +285,7 @@ unsafe impl super::Backend for SpinLockIrqBackend { type State =3D bindings::spinlock_t; type GuardState =3D (); type Context<'a> =3D &'a LocalInterruptDisabled; + type BackendInContext =3D SpinLockBackend; =20 unsafe fn init( ptr: *mut Self::State, --=20 2.51.1