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([2001:288:7001:2703:22d2:323c:497d:adbd]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id d9443c01a7336-2985c2b0c35sm43342225ad.52.2025.11.13.22.01.59 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Thu, 13 Nov 2025 22:02:02 -0800 (PST) From: Guan-Chun Wu <409411716@gms.tku.edu.tw> To: 409411716@gms.tku.edu.tw Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org, andriy.shevchenko@intel.com, axboe@kernel.dk, ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org, david.laight.linux@gmail.com, ebiggers@kernel.org, hch@lst.de, home7438072@gmail.com, idryomov@gmail.com, jaegeuk@kernel.org, kbusch@kernel.org, linux-fscrypt@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-nvme@lists.infradead.org, sagi@grimberg.me, tytso@mit.edu, visitorckw@gmail.com, xiubli@redhat.com Subject: [PATCH v5 4/6] lib: add KUnit tests for base64 encoding/decoding Date: Fri, 14 Nov 2025 14:01:57 +0800 Message-Id: <20251114060157.89507-1-409411716@gms.tku.edu.tw> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.34.1 In-Reply-To: <20251114055829.87814-1-409411716@gms.tku.edu.tw> References: <20251114055829.87814-1-409411716@gms.tku.edu.tw> Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Add a KUnit test suite to validate the base64 helpers. The tests cover both encoding and decoding, including padded and unpadded forms as defined by RFC 4648 (standard base64), and add negative cases for malformed inputs and padding errors. The test suite also validates other variants (URLSAFE, IMAP) to ensure their correctness. In addition to functional checks, the suite includes simple microbenchmarks which report average encode/decode latency for small (64B) and larger (1KB) inputs. These numbers are informational only and do not gate the tests. Kconfig (BASE64_KUNIT) and lib/tests/Makefile are updated accordingly. Sample KUnit output: KTAP version 1 # Subtest: base64 # module: base64_kunit 1..4 # base64_performance_tests: [64B] encode run : 32ns # base64_performance_tests: [64B] decode run : 35ns # base64_performance_tests: [1KB] encode run : 510ns # base64_performance_tests: [1KB] decode run : 530ns ok 1 base64_performance_tests ok 2 base64_std_encode_tests ok 3 base64_std_decode_tests ok 4 base64_variant_tests # base64: pass:4 fail:0 skip:0 total:4 # Totals: pass:4 fail:0 skip:0 total:4 Reviewed-by: Kuan-Wei Chiu Signed-off-by: Guan-Chun Wu <409411716@gms.tku.edu.tw> --- lib/Kconfig.debug | 19 ++- lib/tests/Makefile | 1 + lib/tests/base64_kunit.c | 294 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 313 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) create mode 100644 lib/tests/base64_kunit.c diff --git a/lib/Kconfig.debug b/lib/Kconfig.debug index 3034e294d50d..8f55ab41d62a 100644 --- a/lib/Kconfig.debug +++ b/lib/Kconfig.debug @@ -2815,8 +2815,25 @@ config CMDLINE_KUNIT_TEST =20 If unsure, say N. =20 +config BASE64_KUNIT + tristate "KUnit test for base64 decoding and encoding" if !KUNIT_ALL_TESTS + depends on KUNIT + default KUNIT_ALL_TESTS + help + This builds the base64 unit tests. + + The tests cover the encoding and decoding logic of Base64 functions + in the kernel. + In addition to correctness checks, simple performance benchmarks + for both encoding and decoding are also included. + + For more information on KUnit and unit tests in general please refer + to the KUnit documentation in Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/. + + If unsure, say N. + config BITS_TEST - tristate "KUnit test for bits.h" if !KUNIT_ALL_TESTS + tristate "KUnit test for bit functions and macros" if !KUNIT_ALL_TESTS depends on KUNIT default KUNIT_ALL_TESTS help diff --git a/lib/tests/Makefile b/lib/tests/Makefile index f7460831cfdd..601dba4b7d96 100644 --- a/lib/tests/Makefile +++ b/lib/tests/Makefile @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ =20 # KUnit tests CFLAGS_bitfield_kunit.o :=3D $(DISABLE_STRUCTLEAK_PLUGIN) +obj-$(CONFIG_BASE64_KUNIT) +=3D base64_kunit.o obj-$(CONFIG_BITFIELD_KUNIT) +=3D bitfield_kunit.o obj-$(CONFIG_BITS_TEST) +=3D test_bits.o obj-$(CONFIG_BLACKHOLE_DEV_KUNIT_TEST) +=3D blackhole_dev_kunit.o diff --git a/lib/tests/base64_kunit.c b/lib/tests/base64_kunit.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..f7252070c359 --- /dev/null +++ b/lib/tests/base64_kunit.c @@ -0,0 +1,294 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +/* + * base64_kunit_test.c - KUnit tests for base64 encoding and decoding func= tions + * + * Copyright (c) 2025, Guan-Chun Wu <409411716@gms.tku.edu.tw> + */ + +#include +#include + +/* ---------- Benchmark helpers ---------- */ +static u64 bench_encode_ns(const u8 *data, int len, char *dst, int reps, + enum base64_variant variant) +{ + u64 t0, t1; + + t0 =3D ktime_get_ns(); + for (int i =3D 0; i < reps; i++) + base64_encode(data, len, dst, true, variant); + t1 =3D ktime_get_ns(); + + return div64_u64(t1 - t0, (u64)reps); +} + +static u64 bench_decode_ns(const char *data, int len, u8 *dst, int reps, + enum base64_variant variant) +{ + u64 t0, t1; + + t0 =3D ktime_get_ns(); + for (int i =3D 0; i < reps; i++) + base64_decode(data, len, dst, true, variant); + t1 =3D ktime_get_ns(); + + return div64_u64(t1 - t0, (u64)reps); +} + +static void run_perf_and_check(struct kunit *test, const char *label, int = size, + enum base64_variant variant) +{ + const int reps =3D 1000; + size_t outlen =3D DIV_ROUND_UP(size, 3) * 4; + u8 *in =3D kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL); + char *enc =3D kmalloc(outlen, GFP_KERNEL); + u8 *decoded =3D kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL); + + KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, in); + KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, enc); + KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, decoded); + + get_random_bytes(in, size); + int enc_len =3D base64_encode(in, size, enc, true, variant); + int dec_len =3D base64_decode(enc, enc_len, decoded, true, variant); + + /* correctness sanity check */ + KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, dec_len, size); + KUNIT_EXPECT_MEMEQ(test, decoded, in, size); + + /* benchmark encode */ + + u64 t1 =3D bench_encode_ns(in, size, enc, reps, variant); + + kunit_info(test, "[%s] encode run : %lluns", label, t1); + + u64 t2 =3D bench_decode_ns(enc, enc_len, decoded, reps, variant); + + kunit_info(test, "[%s] decode run : %lluns", label, t2); + + kfree(in); + kfree(enc); + kfree(decoded); +} + +static void base64_performance_tests(struct kunit *test) +{ + /* run on STD variant only */ + run_perf_and_check(test, "64B", 64, BASE64_STD); + run_perf_and_check(test, "1KB", 1024, BASE64_STD); +} + +/* ---------- Helpers for encode ---------- */ +static void expect_encode_ok(struct kunit *test, const u8 *src, int srclen, + const char *expected, bool padding, + enum base64_variant variant) +{ + char buf[128]; + int encoded_len =3D base64_encode(src, srclen, buf, padding, variant); + + buf[encoded_len] =3D '\0'; + + KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, encoded_len, strlen(expected)); + KUNIT_EXPECT_STREQ(test, buf, expected); +} + +/* ---------- Helpers for decode ---------- */ +static void expect_decode_ok(struct kunit *test, const char *src, + const u8 *expected, int expected_len, bool padding, + enum base64_variant variant) +{ + u8 buf[128]; + int decoded_len =3D base64_decode(src, strlen(src), buf, padding, variant= ); + + KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, decoded_len, expected_len); + KUNIT_EXPECT_MEMEQ(test, buf, expected, expected_len); +} + +static void expect_decode_err(struct kunit *test, const char *src, + int srclen, bool padding, + enum base64_variant variant) +{ + u8 buf[64]; + int decoded_len =3D base64_decode(src, srclen, buf, padding, variant); + + KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, decoded_len, -1); +} + +/* ---------- Encode Tests ---------- */ +static void base64_std_encode_tests(struct kunit *test) +{ + /* With padding */ + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"", 0, "", true, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"f", 1, "Zg=3D=3D", true, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"fo", 2, "Zm8=3D", true, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"foo", 3, "Zm9v", true, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"foob", 4, "Zm9vYg=3D=3D", true, BASE6= 4_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"fooba", 5, "Zm9vYmE=3D", true, BASE64= _STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"foobar", 6, "Zm9vYmFy", true, BASE64_= STD); + + /* Extra cases with padding */ + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"Hello, world!", 13, "SGVsbG8sIHdvcmxk= IQ=3D=3D", + true, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ", 26, + "QUJDREVGR0hJSktMTU5PUFFSU1RVVldYWVo=3D", true, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", 26, + "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3R1dnd4eXo=3D", true, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"0123456789+/", 12, "MDEyMzQ1Njc4OSsv", + true, BASE64_STD); + + /* Without padding */ + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"", 0, "", false, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"f", 1, "Zg", false, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"fo", 2, "Zm8", false, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"foo", 3, "Zm9v", false, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"foob", 4, "Zm9vYg", false, BASE64_STD= ); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"fooba", 5, "Zm9vYmE", false, BASE64_S= TD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"foobar", 6, "Zm9vYmFy", false, BASE64= _STD); + + /* Extra cases without padding */ + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"Hello, world!", 13, "SGVsbG8sIHdvcmxk= IQ", + false, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ", 26, + "QUJDREVGR0hJSktMTU5PUFFSU1RVVldYWVo", false, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", 26, + "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3R1dnd4eXo", false, BASE64_STD); + expect_encode_ok(test, (const u8 *)"0123456789+/", 12, "MDEyMzQ1Njc4OSsv", + false, BASE64_STD); +} + +/* ---------- Decode Tests ---------- */ +static void base64_std_decode_tests(struct kunit *test) +{ + /* -------- With padding --------*/ + expect_decode_ok(test, "", (const u8 *)"", 0, true, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zg=3D=3D", (const u8 *)"f", 1, true, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zm8=3D", (const u8 *)"fo", 2, true, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zm9v", (const u8 *)"foo", 3, true, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zm9vYg=3D=3D", (const u8 *)"foob", 4, true, BASE6= 4_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zm9vYmE=3D", (const u8 *)"fooba", 5, true, BASE64= _STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zm9vYmFy", (const u8 *)"foobar", 6, true, BASE64_= STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "SGVsbG8sIHdvcmxkIQ=3D=3D", (const u8 *)"Hello, wo= rld!", 13, + true, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "QUJDREVGR0hJSktMTU5PUFFSU1RVVldYWVo=3D", + (const u8 *)"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ", 26, true, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3R1dnd4eXo=3D", + (const u8 *)"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", 26, true, BASE64_STD); + + /* Error cases */ + expect_decode_err(test, "Zg=3D!", 4, true, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_err(test, "Zm$=3D", 4, true, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_err(test, "Z=3D=3D=3D", 4, true, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_err(test, "Zg", 2, true, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_err(test, "Zm9v=3D=3D=3D=3D", 8, true, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_err(test, "Zm=3D=3DA", 5, true, BASE64_STD); + + { + char with_nul[4] =3D { 'Z', 'g', '\0', '=3D' }; + + expect_decode_err(test, with_nul, 4, true, BASE64_STD); + } + + /* -------- Without padding --------*/ + expect_decode_ok(test, "", (const u8 *)"", 0, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zg", (const u8 *)"f", 1, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zm8", (const u8 *)"fo", 2, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zm9v", (const u8 *)"foo", 3, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zm9vYg", (const u8 *)"foob", 4, false, BASE64_STD= ); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zm9vYmE", (const u8 *)"fooba", 5, false, BASE64_S= TD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "Zm9vYmFy", (const u8 *)"foobar", 6, false, BASE64= _STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "TWFu", (const u8 *)"Man", 3, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "SGVsbG8sIHdvcmxkIQ", (const u8 *)"Hello, world!",= 13, + false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "QUJDREVGR0hJSktMTU5PUFFSU1RVVldYWVo", + (const u8 *)"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ", 26, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcHFyc3R1dnd4eXo", + (const u8 *)"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", 26, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_ok(test, "MDEyMzQ1Njc4OSsv", (const u8 *)"0123456789+/", 12, + false, BASE64_STD); + + /* Error cases */ + expect_decode_err(test, "Zg=3D!", 4, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_err(test, "Zm$=3D", 4, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_err(test, "Z=3D=3D=3D", 4, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_err(test, "Zg=3D", 3, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_err(test, "Zm9v=3D=3D=3D=3D", 8, false, BASE64_STD); + expect_decode_err(test, "Zm=3D=3Dv", 4, false, BASE64_STD); + + { + char with_nul[4] =3D { 'Z', 'g', '\0', '=3D' }; + + expect_decode_err(test, with_nul, 4, false, BASE64_STD); + } +} + +/* ---------- Variant tests (URLSAFE / IMAP) ---------- */ +static void base64_variant_tests(struct kunit *test) +{ + const u8 sample1[] =3D { 0x00, 0xfb, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x80 }; + char std_buf[128], url_buf[128], imap_buf[128]; + u8 back[128]; + int n_std, n_url, n_imap, m; + int i; + + n_std =3D base64_encode(sample1, sizeof(sample1), std_buf, false, BASE64_= STD); + n_url =3D base64_encode(sample1, sizeof(sample1), url_buf, false, BASE64_= URLSAFE); + std_buf[n_std] =3D '\0'; + url_buf[n_url] =3D '\0'; + + for (i =3D 0; i < n_std; i++) { + if (std_buf[i] =3D=3D '+') + std_buf[i] =3D '-'; + else if (std_buf[i] =3D=3D '/') + std_buf[i] =3D '_'; + } + KUNIT_EXPECT_STREQ(test, std_buf, url_buf); + + m =3D base64_decode(url_buf, n_url, back, false, BASE64_URLSAFE); + KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, m, (int)sizeof(sample1)); + KUNIT_EXPECT_MEMEQ(test, back, sample1, sizeof(sample1)); + + n_std =3D base64_encode(sample1, sizeof(sample1), std_buf, false, BASE64= _STD); + n_imap =3D base64_encode(sample1, sizeof(sample1), imap_buf, false, BASE6= 4_IMAP); + std_buf[n_std] =3D '\0'; + imap_buf[n_imap] =3D '\0'; + + for (i =3D 0; i < n_std; i++) + if (std_buf[i] =3D=3D '/') + std_buf[i] =3D ','; + KUNIT_EXPECT_STREQ(test, std_buf, imap_buf); + + m =3D base64_decode(imap_buf, n_imap, back, false, BASE64_IMAP); + KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, m, (int)sizeof(sample1)); + KUNIT_EXPECT_MEMEQ(test, back, sample1, sizeof(sample1)); + + { + const char *bad =3D "Zg=3D=3D"; + u8 tmp[8]; + + m =3D base64_decode(bad, strlen(bad), tmp, false, BASE64_URLSAFE); + KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, m, -1); + + m =3D base64_decode(bad, strlen(bad), tmp, false, BASE64_IMAP); + KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, m, -1); + } +} + +/* ---------- Test registration ---------- */ +static struct kunit_case base64_test_cases[] =3D { + KUNIT_CASE(base64_performance_tests), + KUNIT_CASE(base64_std_encode_tests), + KUNIT_CASE(base64_std_decode_tests), + KUNIT_CASE(base64_variant_tests), + {} +}; + +static struct kunit_suite base64_test_suite =3D { + .name =3D "base64", + .test_cases =3D base64_test_cases, +}; + +kunit_test_suite(base64_test_suite); + +MODULE_AUTHOR("Guan-Chun Wu <409411716@gms.tku.edu.tw>"); +MODULE_DESCRIPTION("KUnit tests for Base64 encoding/decoding, including pe= rformance checks"); +MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); --=20 2.34.1