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(unknown []) by gzsmtp3 (Coremail) with SMTP id PigvCgBHTfm8iahoidrHAA--.29756S3; Fri, 22 Aug 2025 23:16:15 +0800 (CST) From: Jiawei Zhao To: ast@kernel.org Cc: daniel@iogearbox.net, andrii@kernel.org, yonghong.song@linux.dev, bpf@vger.kernel.org, linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Subject: [PATCH bpf-next v13 1/2] libbpf: fix USDT SIB argument handling causing unrecognized register error Date: Fri, 22 Aug 2025 15:16:10 +0000 Message-ID: <20250822151611.1084244-2-phoenix500526@163.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.43.0 In-Reply-To: <20250822151611.1084244-1-phoenix500526@163.com> References: <20250822151611.1084244-1-phoenix500526@163.com> Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-CM-TRANSID: PigvCgBHTfm8iahoidrHAA--.29756S3 X-Coremail-Antispam: 1Uf129KBjvJXoWxtryfArWkXF4kJr1xKFWfZrb_yoWxZF47pa y09rZYyr18tw4Svan3WF40va43Cws7Gr4rZrW8ta45ZFWxWr4UJrWSkr1Yyrn5Jay2yr43 XF4YvrWfGF13Zr7anT9S1TB71UUUUU7qnTZGkaVYY2UrUUUUjbIjqfuFe4nvWSU5nxnvy2 9KBjDUYxBIdaVFxhVjvjDU0xZFpf9x07jzlksUUUUU= X-CM-SenderInfo: pskrv0dl0viiqvswqiywtou0bp/xtbBawqxiGiohfdJxAAAsn Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" On x86-64, USDT arguments can be specified using Scale-Index-Base (SIB) addressing, e.g. "1@-96(%rbp,%rax,8)". The current USDT implementation in libbpf cannot parse this format, causing `bpf_program__attach_usdt()` to fail with -ENOENT (unrecognized register). This patch fixes this by implementing the necessary changes: - add correct handling for SIB-addressed arguments in `bpf_usdt_arg`. - add adaptive support to `__bpf_usdt_arg_type` and `__bpf_usdt_arg_spec` to represent SIB addressing parameters. Signed-off-by: Jiawei Zhao --- tools/lib/bpf/usdt.bpf.h | 47 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- tools/lib/bpf/usdt.c | 58 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---- 2 files changed, 98 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/usdt.bpf.h b/tools/lib/bpf/usdt.bpf.h index 2a7865c8e3fe..263168d57286 100644 --- a/tools/lib/bpf/usdt.bpf.h +++ b/tools/lib/bpf/usdt.bpf.h @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ #define __USDT_BPF_H__ =20 #include +#include #include "bpf_helpers.h" #include "bpf_tracing.h" =20 @@ -34,13 +35,34 @@ enum __bpf_usdt_arg_type { BPF_USDT_ARG_CONST, BPF_USDT_ARG_REG, BPF_USDT_ARG_REG_DEREF, + BPF_USDT_ARG_SIB, }; =20 +/* + * This struct layout is designed specifically to be backwards/forward + * compatible between libbpf versions for ARG_CONST, ARG_REG, and + * ARG_REG_DEREF modes. ARG_SIB requires libbpf v1.7+. + */ struct __bpf_usdt_arg_spec { /* u64 scalar interpreted depending on arg_type, see below */ __u64 val_off; /* arg location case, see bpf_usdt_arg() for details */ - enum __bpf_usdt_arg_type arg_type; + enum __bpf_usdt_arg_type arg_type: 8; +#if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN_BITFIELD) + /* index register offset within struct pt_regs (high 12 bits) */ + __u16 idx_reg_off: 12, + /* scale factor for index register (1, 2, 4, or 8) (low 4 bits) */ + scale: 4; +#elif defined(__BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD) + /* scale factor for index register (1, 2, 4, or 8) (high 4 bits) */ + __u16 scale: 4, + /* index register offset within struct pt_regs (low 12 bits) */ + idx_reg_off: 12; +#else +#error "Please fix " +#endif + /* reserved for future use, keeps reg_off offset stable */ + __u8 reserved; /* offset of referenced register within struct pt_regs */ short reg_off; /* whether arg should be interpreted as signed value */ @@ -149,7 +171,7 @@ int bpf_usdt_arg(struct pt_regs *ctx, __u64 arg_num, lo= ng *res) { struct __bpf_usdt_spec *spec; struct __bpf_usdt_arg_spec *arg_spec; - unsigned long val; + unsigned long val, idx; int err, spec_id; =20 *res =3D 0; @@ -202,6 +224,27 @@ int bpf_usdt_arg(struct pt_regs *ctx, __u64 arg_num, l= ong *res) return err; #if __BYTE_ORDER__ =3D=3D __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__ val >>=3D arg_spec->arg_bitshift; +#endif + break; + case BPF_USDT_ARG_SIB: + /* Arg is in memory addressed by SIB (Scale-Index-Base) mode + * (e.g., "-1@-96(%rbp,%rax,8)" in USDT arg spec). We first + * fetch the base register contents and the index register + * contents from pt_regs. Then we calculate the final address + * as base + (index * scale) + offset, and do a user-space + * probe read to fetch the argument value. + */ + err =3D bpf_probe_read_kernel(&val, sizeof(val), (void *)ctx + arg_spec-= >reg_off); + if (err) + return err; + err =3D bpf_probe_read_kernel(&idx, sizeof(idx), (void *)ctx + arg_spec-= >idx_reg_off); + if (err) + return err; + err =3D bpf_probe_read_user(&val, sizeof(val), (void *)(val + (idx * arg= _spec->scale) + arg_spec->val_off)); + if (err) + return err; +#if __BYTE_ORDER__ =3D=3D __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__ + val >>=3D arg_spec->arg_bitshift; #endif break; default: diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/usdt.c b/tools/lib/bpf/usdt.c index 3373b9d45ac4..730a896a566b 100644 --- a/tools/lib/bpf/usdt.c +++ b/tools/lib/bpf/usdt.c @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include =20 /* s8 will be marked as poison while it's a reg of riscv */ #if defined(__riscv) @@ -200,12 +201,23 @@ enum usdt_arg_type { USDT_ARG_CONST, USDT_ARG_REG, USDT_ARG_REG_DEREF, + USDT_ARG_SIB, }; =20 /* should match exactly struct __bpf_usdt_arg_spec from usdt.bpf.h */ struct usdt_arg_spec { __u64 val_off; - enum usdt_arg_type arg_type; + enum usdt_arg_type arg_type: 8; +#if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN_BITFIELD) + __u16 idx_reg_off: 12, + scale: 4; +#elif defined(__BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD) + __u16 scale: 4, + idx_reg_off: 12; +#else +#error "Please fix " +#endif + __u8 reserved; /* keep reg_off offset stable */ short reg_off; bool arg_signed; char arg_bitshift; @@ -1283,11 +1295,46 @@ static int calc_pt_regs_off(const char *reg_name) =20 static int parse_usdt_arg(const char *arg_str, int arg_num, struct usdt_ar= g_spec *arg, int *arg_sz) { - char reg_name[16]; - int len, reg_off; - long off; + char reg_name[16] =3D {0}, idx_reg_name[16] =3D {0}; + int len, reg_off, idx_reg_off, scale =3D 1; + long off =3D 0; + + if (sscanf(arg_str, " %d @ %ld ( %%%15[^,] , %%%15[^,] , %d ) %n", + arg_sz, &off, reg_name, idx_reg_name, &scale, &len) =3D=3D 5 || + sscanf(arg_str, " %d @ ( %%%15[^,] , %%%15[^,] , %d ) %n", + arg_sz, reg_name, idx_reg_name, &scale, &len) =3D=3D 4 || + sscanf(arg_str, " %d @ %ld ( %%%15[^,] , %%%15[^)] ) %n", + arg_sz, &off, reg_name, idx_reg_name, &len) =3D=3D 4 || + sscanf(arg_str, " %d @ ( %%%15[^,] , %%%15[^)] ) %n", + arg_sz, reg_name, idx_reg_name, &len) =3D=3D 3 + ) { + /* + * Scale Index Base case: + * 1@-96(%rbp,%rax,8) + * 1@(%rbp,%rax,8) + * 1@-96(%rbp,%rax) + * 1@(%rbp,%rax) + */ + arg->arg_type =3D USDT_ARG_SIB; + arg->val_off =3D off; =20 - if (sscanf(arg_str, " %d @ %ld ( %%%15[^)] ) %n", arg_sz, &off, reg_name,= &len) =3D=3D 3) { + reg_off =3D calc_pt_regs_off(reg_name); + if (reg_off < 0) + return reg_off; + arg->reg_off =3D reg_off; + + idx_reg_off =3D calc_pt_regs_off(idx_reg_name); + if (idx_reg_off < 0) + return idx_reg_off; + /* validate scale factor and set fields directly */ + if (scale !=3D 1 && scale !=3D 2 && scale !=3D 4 && scale !=3D 8) { + pr_warn("usdt: invalid SIB scale %d, expected 1,2,4,8; defaulting to 1\= n", scale); + return -EINVAL; + } + arg->idx_reg_off =3D idx_reg_off; + arg->scale =3D scale; + } else if (sscanf(arg_str, " %d @ %ld ( %%%15[^)] ) %n", + arg_sz, &off, reg_name, &len) =3D=3D 3) { /* Memory dereference case, e.g., -4@-20(%rbp) */ arg->arg_type =3D USDT_ARG_REG_DEREF; arg->val_off =3D off; @@ -1306,6 +1353,7 @@ static int parse_usdt_arg(const char *arg_str, int ar= g_num, struct usdt_arg_spec } else if (sscanf(arg_str, " %d @ %%%15s %n", arg_sz, reg_name, &len) =3D= =3D 2) { /* Register read case, e.g., -4@%eax */ arg->arg_type =3D USDT_ARG_REG; + /* register read has no memory offset */ arg->val_off =3D 0; =20 reg_off =3D calc_pt_regs_off(reg_name); --=20 2.43.0 From nobody Wed Dec 17 07:42:55 2025 Received: from m16.mail.163.com (m16.mail.163.com [220.197.31.4]) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 2A31221254F; Fri, 22 Aug 2025 15:17:03 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=220.197.31.4 ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1755875827; cv=none; b=iulj9A/w7hoAMkgtWvMTxxLKZrvg4KhwIlNadiA+NsILZuU0PSBV6U3uJyvEALX9Hc3SKyxGP+GqxyLGm9FlFy+VogcqWy4iK84OJqh8Wxbw/fX+SkdKvPJxd4IySWbG1Zl8NKCCFAv4x+34FXZ910YevhhI9IaMkAvBENMz7xg= ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1755875827; c=relaxed/simple; bh=DYIv+8O47AgXECoNN0D9qxENXd43XygJabRYMi9Zf2w=; h=From:To:Cc:Subject:Date:Message-ID:In-Reply-To:References: MIME-Version; b=rKQVNAH/xYbA1Ja7TIdbpVsIZLqbTEPVjZ5LSRLXTt/z6w7uHDrdoTSELnTPl38Ruu0lbS+HXSbaUbSOe/Pe1bnD1u/vs3eN/QxVYKVIJBqLaWSXLImIuLpHFqgfx6HVflMbW2tGWFBdeS3FBtZpWpygvAeqt6n927GzYoM29ZU= ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; 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(unknown []) by gzsmtp3 (Coremail) with SMTP id PigvCgBHTfm8iahoidrHAA--.29756S4; Fri, 22 Aug 2025 23:16:15 +0800 (CST) From: Jiawei Zhao To: ast@kernel.org Cc: daniel@iogearbox.net, andrii@kernel.org, yonghong.song@linux.dev, bpf@vger.kernel.org, linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Subject: [PATCH bpf-next v13 2/2] selftests/bpf: Enrich subtest_basic_usdt case in selftests to cover SIB handling logic Date: Fri, 22 Aug 2025 15:16:11 +0000 Message-ID: <20250822151611.1084244-3-phoenix500526@163.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.43.0 In-Reply-To: <20250822151611.1084244-1-phoenix500526@163.com> References: <20250822151611.1084244-1-phoenix500526@163.com> Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-CM-TRANSID: PigvCgBHTfm8iahoidrHAA--.29756S4 X-Coremail-Antispam: 1Uf129KBjvJXoWxKF15Cry3JFW7ZFyfKr17Jrb_yoW7CrWfpa ykZ34xtryrt3WxG34fJr4jqw4rKFn2yrW5JFZrXryjvrWkGrs7Xrn7tw13KFnxX3ykX3W5 ArZ0kan5Kw4xXF7anT9S1TB71UUUUU7qnTZGkaVYY2UrUUUUjbIjqfuFe4nvWSU5nxnvy2 9KBjDUYxBIdaVFxhVjvjDU0xZFpf9x07jqeHDUUUUU= X-CM-SenderInfo: pskrv0dl0viiqvswqiywtou0bp/1tbiFBqxiGiogESwtQAAs2 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" When using GCC on x86-64 to compile an usdt prog with -O1 or higher optimization, the compiler will generate SIB addressing mode for global array and PC-relative addressing mode for global variable, e.g. "1@-96(%rbp,%rax,8)" and "-1@4+t1(%rip)". In this patch: - enrich subtest_basic_usdt test case to cover SIB addressing usdt argument= spec handling logic Signed-off-by: Jiawei Zhao --- tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/usdt.c | 44 ++++++++++++++++++- tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_usdt.c | 30 +++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 72 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/usdt.c b/tools/testing/= selftests/bpf/prog_tests/usdt.c index 9057e983cc54..c04b416aa4a8 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/usdt.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/usdt.c @@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ unsigned short test_usdt0_semaphore SEC(".probes"); unsigned short test_usdt3_semaphore SEC(".probes"); unsigned short test_usdt12_semaphore SEC(".probes"); =20 +#if ((defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__)) && defined(__GNUC__) && !d= efined(__clang__)) +unsigned short test_usdt_sib_semaphore SEC(".probes"); +#endif + static void __always_inline trigger_func(int x) { long y =3D 42; =20 @@ -40,12 +44,29 @@ static void __always_inline trigger_func(int x) { } } =20 +#if ((defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__)) && defined(__GNUC__) && !d= efined(__clang__)) +static __attribute__((optimize("O1"))) void trigger_sib_spec(void) +{ + /* Base address + offset + (index * scale) */ + /* Force SIB addressing with inline assembly */ + asm volatile( + "# probe point with memory access\n" + STAP_PROBE_ASM(test, usdt_sib, -2@(%%rdx,%%rax,2)) + "# end probe point" + : + : "d"(nums), "a"(0) + : "memory" + ); +} +#endif + static void subtest_basic_usdt(void) { LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_usdt_opts, opts); struct test_usdt *skel; struct test_usdt__bss *bss; int err, i; + const __u64 expected_cookie =3D 0xcafedeadbeeffeed; =20 skel =3D test_usdt__open_and_load(); if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(skel, "skel_open")) @@ -59,20 +80,29 @@ static void subtest_basic_usdt(void) goto cleanup; =20 /* usdt0 won't be auto-attached */ - opts.usdt_cookie =3D 0xcafedeadbeeffeed; + opts.usdt_cookie =3D expected_cookie; skel->links.usdt0 =3D bpf_program__attach_usdt(skel->progs.usdt0, 0 /*self*/, "/proc/self/exe", "test", "usdt0", &opts); if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(skel->links.usdt0, "usdt0_link")) goto cleanup; =20 +#if ((defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__)) && defined(__GNUC__) && !d= efined(__clang__)) + opts.usdt_cookie =3D expected_cookie; + skel->links.usdt_sib =3D bpf_program__attach_usdt(skel->progs.usdt_sib, + 0 /*self*/, "/proc/self/exe", + "test", "usdt_sib", &opts); + if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(skel->links.usdt_sib, "usdt_sib_link")) + goto cleanup; +#endif + trigger_func(1); =20 ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt0_called, 1, "usdt0_called"); ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt3_called, 1, "usdt3_called"); ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt12_called, 1, "usdt12_called"); =20 - ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt0_cookie, 0xcafedeadbeeffeed, "usdt0_cookie"); + ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt0_cookie, expected_cookie, "usdt0_cookie"); ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt0_arg_cnt, 0, "usdt0_arg_cnt"); ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt0_arg_ret, -ENOENT, "usdt0_arg_ret"); ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt0_arg_size, -ENOENT, "usdt0_arg_size"); @@ -156,6 +186,16 @@ static void subtest_basic_usdt(void) ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt3_args[1], 42, "usdt3_arg2"); ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt3_args[2], (uintptr_t)&bla, "usdt3_arg3"); =20 +#if ((defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__)) && defined(__GNUC__) && !d= efined(__clang__)) + trigger_sib_spec(); + ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt_sib_called, 1, "usdt_sib_called"); + ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt_sib_cookie, expected_cookie, "usdt_sib_cookie"); + ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt_sib_arg_cnt, 1, "usdt_sib_arg_cnt"); + ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt_sib_arg, nums[0], "usdt_sib_arg"); + ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt_sib_arg_ret, 0, "usdt_sib_arg_ret"); + ASSERT_EQ(bss->usdt_sib_arg_size, sizeof(nums[0]), "usdt_sib_arg_size"); +#endif + cleanup: test_usdt__destroy(skel); } diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_usdt.c b/tools/testing/= selftests/bpf/progs/test_usdt.c index 096488f47fbc..b5f883bca66b 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_usdt.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_usdt.c @@ -107,4 +107,34 @@ int BPF_USDT(usdt12, int a1, int a2, long a3, long a4,= unsigned a5, return 0; } =20 + +int usdt_sib_called; +u64 usdt_sib_cookie; +int usdt_sib_arg_cnt; +int usdt_sib_arg_ret; +u64 usdt_sib_arg; +int usdt_sib_arg_size; + +// Note: usdt_sib is only tested on x86-related architectures, so it requi= res +// manual attach since auto-attach will panic tests under other architectu= res +SEC("usdt") +int usdt_sib(struct pt_regs *ctx) +{ + long tmp; + + if (my_pid !=3D (bpf_get_current_pid_tgid() >> 32)) + return 0; + + __sync_fetch_and_add(&usdt_sib_called, 1); + + usdt_sib_cookie =3D bpf_usdt_cookie(ctx); + usdt_sib_arg_cnt =3D bpf_usdt_arg_cnt(ctx); + + usdt_sib_arg_ret =3D bpf_usdt_arg(ctx, 0, &tmp); + usdt_sib_arg =3D (short)tmp; + usdt_sib_arg_size =3D bpf_usdt_arg_size(ctx, 0); + + return 0; +} + char _license[] SEC("license") =3D "GPL"; --=20 2.43.0