From nobody Sun Feb 8 08:48:50 2026 Received: from mail-ed1-f54.google.com (mail-ed1-f54.google.com [209.85.208.54]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 56CA23D0A9 for ; Wed, 3 Jul 2024 07:53:45 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=209.85.208.54 ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1719993227; cv=none; b=O4Iz2deuTOQ+3WXz2LvwTalodlrUoRjOstNxlj6ayH2E4m+u1UluK9pITs9g+Y6QUtoZZTICY9CjFckLVAuS118ua95mkMJvOyeY/6nf1nxxvplday9z5eO+Bj1eJyLdUwuNyE93PzMwaQ1BYGgpZfLD3QIs+KHCHDNsx5tQsos= ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1719993227; c=relaxed/simple; bh=Du+hbtiVe0vXnZWfZdgrHmmTfF2kGLcwXBrD2Oxxgjk=; h=From:To:Cc:Subject:Date:Message-Id:MIME-Version; b=trSiPWyiFfQjW9UH6EeWu/zOrt91KdGA1uLrYybt46vSQXlsCZcjXYno6W6Su3yHkl0vO53JmRdr/rMQ7EQsd7MrtBlnEEDo+W9ra8CNfvLCACMSLvuBz9ko3vlyXr36Ky44Tb1LRBFbtHhIrpSoPJigcdHiE9SNiiweNEl3kd0= ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=quarantine dis=none) header.from=suse.com; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=suse.com; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=suse.com header.i=@suse.com header.b=GcdDQjZy; arc=none smtp.client-ip=209.85.208.54 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=quarantine dis=none) header.from=suse.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=suse.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=suse.com header.i=@suse.com header.b="GcdDQjZy" Received: by mail-ed1-f54.google.com with SMTP id 4fb4d7f45d1cf-57cb9a370ddso3269292a12.1 for ; Wed, 03 Jul 2024 00:53:44 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=suse.com; s=google; t=1719993223; x=1720598023; darn=vger.kernel.org; h=content-transfer-encoding:mime-version:message-id:date:subject:cc :to:from:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id:reply-to; bh=U5JXgyMic27rF0uTzeA4AUA7J0+eENGzNVobt6nLL58=; b=GcdDQjZyTRcjBnL9qEFlSYkHCowNubI1leV9g29WtADcqWWk8P/+/gNQLBaQ0OX6jN aL8xi9IbtAXDX5Ph0KbQy1oN1E6Wqpl88ll51ScC8kxPVF51HKso/xvwaeCH1QYamSRd 7xF26UUzptqgmpkiReOMYFWP5HSidYVmZRp00LPfKtDwd9F0AxdmCpSc1I0Mb+NCvkRM LQ94oi1S0qK97NqS/jMJ7XR3pyELWqIl21polGUsR+Yk1GcUb9/b4h4y0uaRCg6lub3U ZtDZRuEQuxbZ0OQjBGkLe+hXXeaRDF0p0i4v8xwwTQUWo/9/HfrVW0m+ZBgMuCjDjm2n GWUA== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20230601; t=1719993223; x=1720598023; h=content-transfer-encoding:mime-version:message-id:date:subject:cc :to:from:x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id :reply-to; bh=U5JXgyMic27rF0uTzeA4AUA7J0+eENGzNVobt6nLL58=; b=UYsthTT8Sz+Lwu5T1tDqk0UJQmoxXB5T/iLLn/NM/vbzQIlqGzJWw9TWJOr/sSLzBP GuU1QB5bUhqiLq/SzcifH3MVHRN8lTCP0NCb5eLl/Xel/m2qNaWEafz51VpqtGqvsbNq +fgn0qLxlbHNA9Bj4I/wYFAwPAeHVccI2zH5JDOkREKtfVwu0yVX/uXj1tRyymk9lCo8 eDuz7xuUjvIIU2SD2P9m1OHySedoKH572Az6avMY4lFUlinpeeSpXHZDzli9c/fETNsP 68ivbPkH9jn14HpmtW+ynywXTveG7geZVkPPSyc9jgrPlP0SDkbKLLt86h5oiPHK1+Kc E4Sw== X-Gm-Message-State: AOJu0YxwbkSi2tUW4EbO6lluljDh8FBTla93XBp3VrZeg+rvQ2UjfNko KwJfqpUgt1YwMW2z/LLWhp9Ca6JZ+1Vh8OoiqBhvVBHdvBFC0hDocC/eXtxSYWo= X-Google-Smtp-Source: AGHT+IHx2gSoZYtFSuNqPB57GKnRYFsLhjFlEi4nE9BwzkxY9JN1lUj3Kg8MQ0EELkRhuPKAEIgTAA== X-Received: by 2002:a05:6402:254a:b0:578:649e:e63e with SMTP id 4fb4d7f45d1cf-5879f1c2563mr7293173a12.16.1719993222472; Wed, 03 Jul 2024 00:53:42 -0700 (PDT) Received: from dhcp161.suse.cz ([193.86.92.181]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id 4fb4d7f45d1cf-58bef78662fsm1409447a12.70.2024.07.03.00.53.41 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Wed, 03 Jul 2024 00:53:42 -0700 (PDT) From: Petr Pavlu To: Steven Rostedt , Masami Hiramatsu , Mathieu Desnoyers Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-trace-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Petr Pavlu Subject: [PATCH v2] ring-buffer: Limit time with disabled interrupts in rb_check_pages() Date: Wed, 3 Jul 2024 09:53:14 +0200 Message-Id: <20240703075314.23511-1-petr.pavlu@suse.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.35.3 Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" The function rb_check_pages() validates the integrity of a specified per-CPU tracing ring buffer. It does so by traversing the underlying linked list and checking its next and prev links. To guarantee that the list isn't modified during the check, a caller typically needs to take cpu_buffer->reader_lock. This prevents the check from running concurrently, for example, with a potential reader which can make the list temporarily inconsistent when swapping its old reader page into the buffer. A problem with this approach is that the time when interrupts are disabled is non-deterministic, dependent on the ring buffer size. This particularly affects PREEMPT_RT because the reader_lock is a raw spinlock which doesn't become sleepable on PREEMPT_RT kernels. Modify the check so it still attempts to traverse the entire list, but gives up the reader_lock between checking individual pages. Introduce for this purpose a new variable ring_buffer_per_cpu.pages_era which is bumped any time the list is modified. The value is used by rb_check_pages() to detect such a change and restart the check. Signed-off-by: Petr Pavlu --- This is a follow-up to the discussion about improving this check [1]. Changes since v1 [2]: * Correct the case when rb_check_pages() is invoked concurrently with the resize code which modifies the list. Introduce ring_buffer_per_cpu.pages_era for this purpose. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-trace-kernel/20240517134008.24529-1-petr.= pavlu@suse.com/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-trace-kernel/20240621150956.24814-1-petr.= pavlu@suse.com/ kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c | 97 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 71 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-) diff --git a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c index 28853966aa9a..ff9a98c06043 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c +++ b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c @@ -462,6 +462,7 @@ struct ring_buffer_per_cpu { unsigned long nr_pages; unsigned int current_context; struct list_head *pages; + unsigned long pages_era; /* list state era */ struct buffer_page *head_page; /* read from head */ struct buffer_page *tail_page; /* write to tail */ struct buffer_page *commit_page; /* committed pages */ @@ -1454,40 +1455,87 @@ static void rb_check_bpage(struct ring_buffer_per_c= pu *cpu_buffer, RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, val & RB_FLAG_MASK); } =20 +static bool rb_check_links(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer, + struct list_head *list) +{ + if (RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, + rb_list_head(rb_list_head(list->next)->prev) !=3D list)) + return false; + + if (RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, + rb_list_head(rb_list_head(list->prev)->next) !=3D list)) + return false; + + return true; +} + /** * rb_check_pages - integrity check of buffer pages * @cpu_buffer: CPU buffer with pages to test * * As a safety measure we check to make sure the data pages have not * been corrupted. - * - * Callers of this function need to guarantee that the list of pages doesn= 't get - * modified during the check. In particular, if it's possible that the fun= ction - * is invoked with concurrent readers which can swap in a new reader page = then - * the caller should take cpu_buffer->reader_lock. */ static void rb_check_pages(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer) { - struct list_head *head =3D rb_list_head(cpu_buffer->pages); - struct list_head *tmp; + struct list_head *head, *tmp; + unsigned long pages_era; + unsigned long flags; + int nr_loops =3D 0; =20 - if (RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, - rb_list_head(rb_list_head(head->next)->prev) !=3D head)) + /* + * Walk the linked list underpinning the ring buffer and validate all + * its next and prev links. + * + * The check acquires the reader_lock to avoid concurrent processing + * with code that could be modifying the list. However, the lock cannot + * be held for the entire duration of the walk, as this would make the + * time when interrupts are disabled non-deterministic, dependent on the + * ring buffer size. Therefore, the code releases and re-acquires the + * lock after checking each page. The pages_era variable is then used to + * detect if the list was modified while the lock was not held, in which + * case the check needs to be restarted. + * + * The code attempts to perform the check at most three times before + * giving up. This is acceptable because this is only a self-validation + * to detect problems early on. In practice, the list modification + * operations are fairly spaced, and so this check typically succeeds at + * most on the second try. + */ +again: + if (++nr_loops > 3) return; =20 - if (RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, - rb_list_head(rb_list_head(head->prev)->next) !=3D head)) - return; + raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cpu_buffer->reader_lock, flags); + head =3D rb_list_head(cpu_buffer->pages); + if (!rb_check_links(cpu_buffer, head)) + goto out_locked; + pages_era =3D cpu_buffer->pages_era; + tmp =3D head; + raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cpu_buffer->reader_lock, flags); =20 - for (tmp =3D rb_list_head(head->next); tmp !=3D head; tmp =3D rb_list_hea= d(tmp->next)) { - if (RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, - rb_list_head(rb_list_head(tmp->next)->prev) !=3D tmp)) - return; + while (true) { + raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cpu_buffer->reader_lock, flags); =20 - if (RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, - rb_list_head(rb_list_head(tmp->prev)->next) !=3D tmp)) - return; + if (pages_era !=3D cpu_buffer->pages_era) { + /* The list was updated, try again. */ + raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cpu_buffer->reader_lock, flags); + goto again; + } + + tmp =3D rb_list_head(tmp->next); + if (tmp =3D=3D head) + /* The iteration circled back, all is done. */ + goto out_locked; + + if (!rb_check_links(cpu_buffer, tmp)) + goto out_locked; + + raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cpu_buffer->reader_lock, flags); } + +out_locked: + raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cpu_buffer->reader_lock, flags); } =20 static int __rb_allocate_pages(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer, @@ -1874,6 +1922,7 @@ rb_remove_pages(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffe= r, unsigned long nr_pages) =20 /* make sure pages points to a valid page in the ring buffer */ cpu_buffer->pages =3D next_page; + cpu_buffer->pages_era++; =20 /* update head page */ if (head_bit) @@ -1980,6 +2029,7 @@ rb_insert_pages(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffe= r) * pointer to point to end of list */ head_page->prev =3D last_page; + cpu_buffer->pages_era++; success =3D true; break; } @@ -2215,12 +2265,8 @@ int ring_buffer_resize(struct trace_buffer *buffer, = unsigned long size, */ synchronize_rcu(); for_each_buffer_cpu(buffer, cpu) { - unsigned long flags; - cpu_buffer =3D buffer->buffers[cpu]; - raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cpu_buffer->reader_lock, flags); rb_check_pages(cpu_buffer); - raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cpu_buffer->reader_lock, flags); } atomic_dec(&buffer->record_disabled); } @@ -4611,6 +4657,7 @@ rb_get_reader_page(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_bu= ffer) rb_list_head(reader->list.next)->prev =3D &cpu_buffer->reader_page->list; rb_inc_page(&cpu_buffer->head_page); =20 + cpu_buffer->pages_era++; local_inc(&cpu_buffer->pages_read); =20 /* Finally update the reader page to the new head */ @@ -5150,12 +5197,9 @@ void ring_buffer_read_finish(struct ring_buffer_iter *iter) { struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer =3D iter->cpu_buffer; - unsigned long flags; =20 /* Use this opportunity to check the integrity of the ring buffer. */ - raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cpu_buffer->reader_lock, flags); rb_check_pages(cpu_buffer); - raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cpu_buffer->reader_lock, flags); =20 atomic_dec(&cpu_buffer->resize_disabled); kfree(iter->event); @@ -6050,6 +6094,7 @@ int ring_buffer_subbuf_order_set(struct trace_buffer = *buffer, int order) cpu_buffer->pages =3D cpu_buffer->new_pages.next; cpu_buffer->new_pages.next->prev =3D cpu_buffer->new_pages.prev; cpu_buffer->new_pages.prev->next =3D cpu_buffer->new_pages.next; + cpu_buffer->pages_era++; =20 /* Clear the new_pages list */ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cpu_buffer->new_pages); base-commit: 1dfe225e9af5bd3399a1dbc6a4df6a6041ff9c23 --=20 2.35.3