From nobody Sun Feb 8 04:23:35 2026 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [23.128.96.18]) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 024DAEB64DA for ; Mon, 19 Jun 2023 10:34:29 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S231510AbjFSKe1 (ORCPT ); Mon, 19 Jun 2023 06:34:27 -0400 Received: from lindbergh.monkeyblade.net ([23.128.96.19]:41230 "EHLO lindbergh.monkeyblade.net" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S230461AbjFSKeT (ORCPT ); Mon, 19 Jun 2023 06:34:19 -0400 Received: from galois.linutronix.de (Galois.linutronix.de [IPv6:2a0a:51c0:0:12e:550::1]) by lindbergh.monkeyblade.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 9F964CA; Mon, 19 Jun 2023 03:34:17 -0700 (PDT) Date: Mon, 19 Jun 2023 10:34:15 -0000 DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=linutronix.de; s=2020; t=1687170856; h=from:from:sender:sender:reply-to:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date: message-id:message-id:to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version: content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding: in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references; bh=tzKIAkSRNHA5Cf1RLkHRArxPwsAojW8HDj1bvezLzf4=; b=wVz0QZ4oAdkldlkaSS4r5USfgXKKSTN2s+NwWrqv7AmnBHUIrM1tVpXu3Zmle+OsiYP+V1 HQ7ZD0cEK6Z1qSw0kFbgc1Kyynqu/WwRUmxz5HJ5UnYKESnVM2P5pVpVW+JqKFyCfHERK2 CT5CPqef1IyUdkBEnzpTev5e8AT5WivMG+4SKiDZYhG0RQfQavglQt9883E1DcVGdWrQM/ IRyQ9dkBOQfwPuT9eIIqX0Yz4UdnRoJVxyv6L4JNRlgkgBodNxNnf7DSjpcwKmPhYuUZI0 UHnHZpAIEt4P/Y160PRuBiSu+PgkL+zYxv0oFZIKh243e0w/+x+EwqH754JcDg== DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=ed25519-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=linutronix.de; s=2020e; t=1687170856; h=from:from:sender:sender:reply-to:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date: message-id:message-id:to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version: content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding: in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references; bh=tzKIAkSRNHA5Cf1RLkHRArxPwsAojW8HDj1bvezLzf4=; b=NkiMitom9yLW+v8kO5yTC5xYgRUGQvlkX596aeYc4cPnhxO0WZRimMVr4uWcoq7Q/Vjc7m aZyaK+z+lDYSgbAQ== From: "tip-bot2 for Randy Dunlap" Sender: tip-bot2@linutronix.de Reply-to: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org To: linux-tip-commits@vger.kernel.org Subject: [tip: x86/cleanups] Documentation: virt: Clean up paravirt_ops doc Cc: Randy Dunlap , "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" , Juergen Gross , x86@kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org In-Reply-To: <20230610054310.6242-1-rdunlap@infradead.org> References: <20230610054310.6242-1-rdunlap@infradead.org> MIME-Version: 1.0 Message-ID: <168717085535.404.15451163061150954875.tip-bot2@tip-bot2> Robot-ID: Robot-Unsubscribe: Contact to get blacklisted from these emails Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org The following commit has been merged into the x86/cleanups branch of tip: Commit-ID: 6f7f812f54b46da88ec6e98b4a10e501d0d7164c Gitweb: https://git.kernel.org/tip/6f7f812f54b46da88ec6e98b4a10e501d= 0d7164c Author: Randy Dunlap AuthorDate: Fri, 09 Jun 2023 22:43:10 -07:00 Committer: Borislav Petkov (AMD) CommitterDate: Mon, 19 Jun 2023 12:09:54 +02:00 Documentation: virt: Clean up paravirt_ops doc Clarify language. Clean up grammar. Hyphenate some words. Change "low-ops" to "low-level" since "low-ops" isn't defined or even mentioned anywhere else in the kernel source tree. Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) Acked-by: Juergen Gross Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230610054310.6242-1-rdunlap@infradead.org --- Documentation/virt/paravirt_ops.rst | 16 ++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/Documentation/virt/paravirt_ops.rst b/Documentation/virt/parav= irt_ops.rst index 6b789d2..62d867e 100644 --- a/Documentation/virt/paravirt_ops.rst +++ b/Documentation/virt/paravirt_ops.rst @@ -5,31 +5,31 @@ Paravirt_ops =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D =20 Linux provides support for different hypervisor virtualization technologie= s. -Historically different binary kernels would be required in order to support -different hypervisors, this restriction was removed with pv_ops. +Historically, different binary kernels would be required in order to suppo= rt +different hypervisors; this restriction was removed with pv_ops. Linux pv_ops is a virtualization API which enables support for different hypervisors. It allows each hypervisor to override critical operations and allows a single kernel binary to run on all supported execution environmen= ts including native machine -- without any hypervisors. =20 pv_ops provides a set of function pointers which represent operations -corresponding to low level critical instructions and high level -functionalities in various areas. pv-ops allows for optimizations at run -time by enabling binary patching of the low-ops critical operations +corresponding to low-level critical instructions and high-level +functionalities in various areas. pv_ops allows for optimizations at run +time by enabling binary patching of the low-level critical operations at boot time. =20 pv_ops operations are classified into three categories: =20 - simple indirect call - These operations correspond to high level functionality where it is + These operations correspond to high-level functionality where it is known that the overhead of indirect call isn't very important. =20 - indirect call which allows optimization with binary patch - Usually these operations correspond to low level critical instructions.= They + Usually these operations correspond to low-level critical instructions.= They are called frequently and are performance critical. The overhead is very important. =20 - a set of macros for hand written assembly code Hand written assembly codes (.S files) also need paravirtualization - because they include sensitive instructions or some of code paths in + because they include sensitive instructions or some code paths in them are very performance critical.