From: Daniel P. Berrangé <berrange@redhat.com>

Incorrect loop bounds in vnc_update_freq result in iterating past the
last row and past the last column in the VNC stats array. With suitably
chosen dimensions this could be a OOB read that accesses memory beyond
the VncDisplay struct that the stats array is embedded in.

Should this hit a guard page, it could trigger a guest crash. If it
does not, then the VNC frequency stats will be updated with garbage.

Fixes: CVE-2026-48003
Reported-by: boy juju <agx1657748706@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Marc-André Lureau <marcandre.lureau@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrangé <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-ID: <20260521103353.1645561-5-berrange@redhat.com>
---
 ui/vnc.c | 6 ++++--
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/ui/vnc.c b/ui/vnc.c
index 071a3cbb7fe..92b62f62127 100644
--- a/ui/vnc.c
+++ b/ui/vnc.c
@@ -3093,12 +3093,14 @@ double vnc_update_freq(VncState *vs, int x, int y, int w, int h)
     int i, j;
     double total = 0;
     int num = 0;
+    int x_end = x + w;
+    int y_end = y + h;
 
     x =  QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(x, VNC_STAT_RECT);
     y =  QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(y, VNC_STAT_RECT);
 
-    for (j = y; j <= y + h; j += VNC_STAT_RECT) {
-        for (i = x; i <= x + w; i += VNC_STAT_RECT) {
+    for (j = y; j < y_end; j += VNC_STAT_RECT) {
+        for (i = x; i < x_end; i += VNC_STAT_RECT) {
             total += vnc_stat_rect(vs->vd, i, j)->freq;
             num++;
         }
-- 
2.54.0