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Thu, 20 Feb 2025 03:37:08 -0800 (PST) X-Google-Smtp-Source: AGHT+IEZIr8eN55QWSoczzSYg8M4rFjdf2crzxSrzpju5mABBV1jbJ6ERwG84KePhIip1dVR4LWl7g== X-Received: by 2002:a05:6000:1887:b0:38f:3c01:fb2c with SMTP id ffacd0b85a97d-38f3c01fe81mr19483622f8f.48.1740051426840; Thu, 20 Feb 2025 03:37:06 -0800 (PST) From: Paolo Bonzini To: qemu-devel@nongnu.org Cc: zhao1.liu@intel.com, kwolf@redhat.com Subject: [PATCH v3 2/2] rust: add module to convert between success/-errno and io::Result Date: Thu, 20 Feb 2025 12:36:59 +0100 Message-ID: <20250220113659.863332-3-pbonzini@redhat.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.48.1 In-Reply-To: <20250220113659.863332-1-pbonzini@redhat.com> References: <20250220113659.863332-1-pbonzini@redhat.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Received-SPF: pass (zohomail.com: domain of gnu.org designates 209.51.188.17 as permitted sender) client-ip=209.51.188.17; envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+importer=patchew.org@nongnu.org; helo=lists.gnu.org; Received-SPF: pass client-ip=170.10.133.124; envelope-from=pbonzini@redhat.com; helo=us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com X-Spam_score_int: -22 X-Spam_score: -2.3 X-Spam_bar: -- X-Spam_report: (-2.3 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIMWL_WL_HIGH=-0.191, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H2=0.001, RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_RPBL_BLOCKED=0.001, RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_SAFE_BLOCKED=0.001, SPF_HELO_NONE=0.001, SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no X-Spam_action: no action X-BeenThere: qemu-devel@nongnu.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.29 Precedence: list List-Id: List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Errors-To: qemu-devel-bounces+importer=patchew.org@nongnu.org Sender: qemu-devel-bounces+importer=patchew.org@nongnu.org X-ZohoMail-DKIM: pass (identity @redhat.com) X-ZM-MESSAGEID: 1740051484639019100 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" It is a common convention in QEMU to return a positive value in case of success, and a negated errno value in case of error. Unfortunately, using errno portably in Rust is a bit complicated; on Unix the errno values are supported natively by io::Error, but on Windows they are not; so, use the libc crate. This is a set of utility functions that are used by both chardev and block layer bindings. Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini --- docs/devel/rust.rst | 1 + rust/qemu-api/meson.build | 4 + rust/qemu-api/src/assertions.rs | 28 +++ rust/qemu-api/src/errno.rs | 343 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ rust/qemu-api/src/lib.rs | 1 + rust/qemu-api/src/prelude.rs | 2 + 6 files changed, 379 insertions(+) create mode 100644 rust/qemu-api/src/errno.rs diff --git a/docs/devel/rust.rst b/docs/devel/rust.rst index 90958e5a306..c75dccdbb7c 100644 --- a/docs/devel/rust.rst +++ b/docs/devel/rust.rst @@ -179,6 +179,7 @@ module status ``callbacks`` complete ``cell`` stable ``c_str`` complete +``errno`` complete ``irq`` complete ``memory`` stable ``module`` complete diff --git a/rust/qemu-api/meson.build b/rust/qemu-api/meson.build index 2e9c1078b9b..bcf1cf780f3 100644 --- a/rust/qemu-api/meson.build +++ b/rust/qemu-api/meson.build @@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ _qemu_api_cfg =3D run_command(rustc_args, '--config-headers', config_host_h, '--features', files('Cargo.toml'), capture: true, check: true).stdout().strip().splitlines() =20 +libc_dep =3D dependency('libc-0.2-rs') + # _qemu_api_cfg +=3D ['--cfg', 'feature=3D"allocator"'] if rustc.version().version_compare('>=3D1.77.0') _qemu_api_cfg +=3D ['--cfg', 'has_offset_of'] @@ -22,6 +24,7 @@ _qemu_api_rs =3D static_library( 'src/cell.rs', 'src/chardev.rs', 'src/c_str.rs', + 'src/errno.rs', 'src/irq.rs', 'src/memory.rs', 'src/module.rs', @@ -39,6 +42,7 @@ _qemu_api_rs =3D static_library( override_options: ['rust_std=3D2021', 'build.rust_std=3D2021'], rust_abi: 'rust', rust_args: _qemu_api_cfg, + dependencies: libc_dep, ) =20 rust.test('rust-qemu-api-tests', _qemu_api_rs, diff --git a/rust/qemu-api/src/assertions.rs b/rust/qemu-api/src/assertions= .rs index fa1a18de6fe..104dec39774 100644 --- a/rust/qemu-api/src/assertions.rs +++ b/rust/qemu-api/src/assertions.rs @@ -92,3 +92,31 @@ fn types_must_be_equal(_: T) }; }; } + +/// Assert that an expression matches a pattern. This can also be +/// useful to compare enums that do not implement `Eq`. +/// +/// # Examples +/// +/// ``` +/// # use qemu_api::assert_match; +/// // JoinHandle does not implement `Eq`, therefore the result +/// // does not either. +/// let result: Result, u32> =3D Err(42); +/// assert_match!(result, Err(42)); +/// ``` +#[macro_export] +macro_rules! assert_match { + ($a:expr, $b:pat) =3D> { + assert!( + match $a { + $b =3D> true, + _ =3D> false, + }, + "{} =3D {:?} does not match {}", + stringify!($a), + $a, + stringify!($b) + ); + }; +} diff --git a/rust/qemu-api/src/errno.rs b/rust/qemu-api/src/errno.rs new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bfd972df951 --- /dev/null +++ b/rust/qemu-api/src/errno.rs @@ -0,0 +1,343 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later + +//! Utility functions to convert `errno` to and from +//! [`io::Error`]/[`io::Result`] +//! +//! QEMU C functions often have a "positive success/negative `errno`" call= ing +//! convention. This module provides functions to portably convert an int= eger +//! into an [`io::Result`] and back. + +use std::{convert::TryFrom, io, io::ErrorKind}; + +/// An `errno` value that can be converted into an [`io::Error`] +pub struct Errno(pub u16); + +// On Unix, from_raw_os_error takes an errno value and OS errors +// are printed using strerror. On Windows however it takes a +// GetLastError() value; therefore we need to convert errno values +// into io::Error by hand. This is the same mapping that the +// standard library uses to retrieve the kind of OS errors +// (`std::sys::pal::unix::decode_error_kind`). +impl From for ErrorKind { + fn from(value: Errno) -> ErrorKind { + let Errno(errno) =3D value; + match i32::from(errno) { + libc::EPERM | libc::EACCES =3D> ErrorKind::PermissionDenied, + libc::ENOENT =3D> ErrorKind::NotFound, + libc::EINTR =3D> ErrorKind::Interrupted, + x if x =3D=3D libc::EAGAIN || x =3D=3D libc::EWOULDBLOCK =3D> = ErrorKind::WouldBlock, + libc::ENOMEM =3D> ErrorKind::OutOfMemory, + libc::EEXIST =3D> ErrorKind::AlreadyExists, + libc::EINVAL =3D> ErrorKind::InvalidInput, + libc::EPIPE =3D> ErrorKind::BrokenPipe, + libc::EADDRINUSE =3D> ErrorKind::AddrInUse, + libc::EADDRNOTAVAIL =3D> ErrorKind::AddrNotAvailable, + libc::ECONNABORTED =3D> ErrorKind::ConnectionAborted, + libc::ECONNREFUSED =3D> ErrorKind::ConnectionRefused, + libc::ECONNRESET =3D> ErrorKind::ConnectionReset, + libc::ENOTCONN =3D> ErrorKind::NotConnected, + libc::ENOTSUP =3D> ErrorKind::Unsupported, + libc::ETIMEDOUT =3D> ErrorKind::TimedOut, + _ =3D> ErrorKind::Other, + } + } +} + +// This is used on Windows for all io::Errors, but also on Unix if the +// io::Error does not have a raw OS error. This is the reversed +// mapping of the above. +impl From for Errno { + fn from(value: io::ErrorKind) -> Errno { + let errno =3D match value { + // can be both EPERM or EACCES :( pick one + ErrorKind::PermissionDenied =3D> libc::EPERM, + ErrorKind::NotFound =3D> libc::ENOENT, + ErrorKind::Interrupted =3D> libc::EINTR, + ErrorKind::WouldBlock =3D> libc::EAGAIN, + ErrorKind::OutOfMemory =3D> libc::ENOMEM, + ErrorKind::AlreadyExists =3D> libc::EEXIST, + ErrorKind::InvalidInput =3D> libc::EINVAL, + ErrorKind::BrokenPipe =3D> libc::EPIPE, + ErrorKind::AddrInUse =3D> libc::EADDRINUSE, + ErrorKind::AddrNotAvailable =3D> libc::EADDRNOTAVAIL, + ErrorKind::ConnectionAborted =3D> libc::ECONNABORTED, + ErrorKind::ConnectionRefused =3D> libc::ECONNREFUSED, + ErrorKind::ConnectionReset =3D> libc::ECONNRESET, + ErrorKind::NotConnected =3D> libc::ENOTCONN, + ErrorKind::Unsupported =3D> libc::ENOTSUP, + ErrorKind::TimedOut =3D> libc::ETIMEDOUT, + _ =3D> libc::EIO, + }; + Errno(errno as u16) + } +} + +impl From for io::Error { + #[cfg(unix)] + fn from(value: Errno) -> io::Error { + let Errno(errno) =3D value; + io::Error::from_raw_os_error(errno.into()) + } + + #[cfg(windows)] + fn from(value: Errno) -> io::Error { + let error_kind: ErrorKind =3D value.into(); + error_kind.into() + } +} + +impl From for Errno { + fn from(value: io::Error) -> Errno { + if cfg!(unix) { + if let Some(errno) =3D value.raw_os_error() { + return Errno(u16::try_from(errno).unwrap()); + } + } + value.kind().into() + } +} + +/// Internal traits; used to enable [`into_io_result`] and [`into_neg_errn= o`] +/// for the "right" set of types. +mod traits { + use super::Errno; + + /// A signed type that can be converted into an + /// [`io::Result`](std::io::Result) + pub trait GetErrno { + /// Unsigned variant of `Self`, used as the type for the `Ok` case. + type Out; + + /// Return `Ok(self)` if positive, `Err(Errno(-self))` if negative + fn into_errno_result(self) -> Result; + } + + /// A type that can be taken out of an [`io::Result`](std::io::Result)= and + /// converted into "positive success/negative `errno`" convention. + pub trait MergeErrno { + /// Signed variant of `Self`, used as the return type of + /// [`into_neg_errno`](super::into_neg_errno). + type Out: From + std::ops::Neg; + + /// Return `self`, asserting that it is in range + fn map_ok(self) -> Self::Out; + } + + macro_rules! get_errno { + ($t:ty, $out:ty) =3D> { + impl GetErrno for $t { + type Out =3D $out; + fn into_errno_result(self) -> Result { + match self { + 0.. =3D> Ok(self as $out), + -65535..=3D-1 =3D> Err(Errno(-self as u16)), + _ =3D> panic!("{self} is not a negative errno"), + } + } + } + }; + } + + get_errno!(i32, u32); + get_errno!(i64, u64); + get_errno!(isize, usize); + + macro_rules! merge_errno { + ($t:ty, $out:ty) =3D> { + impl MergeErrno for $t { + type Out =3D $out; + fn map_ok(self) -> Self::Out { + self.try_into().unwrap() + } + } + }; + } + + merge_errno!(u8, i32); + merge_errno!(u16, i32); + merge_errno!(u32, i32); + merge_errno!(u64, i64); + + impl MergeErrno for () { + type Out =3D i32; + fn map_ok(self) -> i32 { + 0 + } + } +} + +use traits::{GetErrno, MergeErrno}; + +/// Convert an integer value into a [`io::Result`]. +/// +/// Positive values are turned into an `Ok` result; negative values +/// are interpreted as negated `errno` and turned into an `Err`. +/// +/// ``` +/// # use qemu_api::errno::into_io_result; +/// # use std::io::ErrorKind; +/// let ok =3D into_io_result(1i32).unwrap(); +/// assert_eq!(ok, 1u32); +/// +/// let err =3D into_io_result(-1i32).unwrap_err(); // -EPERM +/// assert_eq!(err.kind(), ErrorKind::PermissionDenied); +/// ``` +/// +/// # Panics +/// +/// Since the result is an unsigned integer, negative values must +/// be close to 0; values that are too far away are considered +/// likely overflows and will panic: +/// +/// ```should_panic +/// # use qemu_api::errno::into_io_result; +/// # #[allow(dead_code)] +/// let err =3D into_io_result(-0x1234_5678i32); // panic +/// ``` +pub fn into_io_result(value: T) -> io::Result { + value.into_errno_result().map_err(Into::into) +} + +/// Convert a [`Result`] into an integer value, using negative `errno` +/// values to report errors. +/// +/// ``` +/// # use qemu_api::errno::into_neg_errno; +/// # use std::io::{self, ErrorKind}; +/// let ok: io::Result<()> =3D Ok(()); +/// assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(ok), 0); +/// +/// let err: io::Result<()> =3D Err(ErrorKind::InvalidInput.into()); +/// assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(err), -22); // -EINVAL +/// ``` +/// +/// Since this module also provides the ability to convert [`io::Error`] +/// to an `errno` value, [`io::Result`] is the most commonly used type +/// for the argument of this function: +/// +/// # Panics +/// +/// Since the result is a signed integer, integer `Ok` values must remain +/// positive: +/// +/// ```should_panic +/// # use qemu_api::errno::into_neg_errno; +/// # use std::io; +/// let err: io::Result =3D Ok(0x8899_AABB); +/// into_neg_errno(err) // panic +/// # ; +/// ``` +pub fn into_neg_errno>(value: Result) = -> T::Out { + match value { + Ok(x) =3D> x.map_ok(), + Err(err) =3D> -T::Out::from(err.into().0), + } +} + +#[cfg(test)] +mod tests { + use std::io::ErrorKind; + + use super::*; + use crate::assert_match; + + #[test] + pub fn test_from_u8() { + let ok: io::Result<_> =3D Ok(42u8); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(ok), 42); + + let err: io::Result =3D Err(io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied.in= to()); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(err), -1); + + if cfg!(unix) { + let os_err: io::Result =3D Err(io::Error::from_raw_os_erro= r(10)); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(os_err), -10); + } + } + + #[test] + pub fn test_from_u16() { + let ok: io::Result<_> =3D Ok(1234u16); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(ok), 1234); + + let err: io::Result =3D Err(io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied.i= nto()); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(err), -1); + + if cfg!(unix) { + let os_err: io::Result =3D Err(io::Error::from_raw_os_err= or(10)); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(os_err), -10); + } + } + + #[test] + pub fn test_i32() { + assert_match!(into_io_result(1234i32), Ok(1234)); + + let err =3D into_io_result(-1i32).unwrap_err(); + #[cfg(unix)] + assert_match!(err.raw_os_error(), Some(1)); + assert_match!(err.kind(), ErrorKind::PermissionDenied); + } + + #[test] + pub fn test_from_u32() { + let ok: io::Result<_> =3D Ok(1234u32); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(ok), 1234); + + let err: io::Result =3D Err(io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied.i= nto()); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(err), -1); + + if cfg!(unix) { + let os_err: io::Result =3D Err(io::Error::from_raw_os_err= or(10)); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(os_err), -10); + } + } + + #[test] + pub fn test_i64() { + assert_match!(into_io_result(1234i64), Ok(1234)); + + let err =3D into_io_result(-22i64).unwrap_err(); + #[cfg(unix)] + assert_match!(err.raw_os_error(), Some(22)); + assert_match!(err.kind(), ErrorKind::InvalidInput); + } + + #[test] + pub fn test_from_u64() { + let ok: io::Result<_> =3D Ok(1234u64); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(ok), 1234); + + let err: io::Result =3D Err(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput.into(= )); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(err), -22); + + if cfg!(unix) { + let os_err: io::Result =3D Err(io::Error::from_raw_os_err= or(6)); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(os_err), -6); + } + } + + #[test] + pub fn test_isize() { + assert_match!(into_io_result(1234isize), Ok(1234)); + + let err =3D into_io_result(-4isize).unwrap_err(); + #[cfg(unix)] + assert_match!(err.raw_os_error(), Some(4)); + assert_match!(err.kind(), ErrorKind::Interrupted); + } + + #[test] + pub fn test_from_unit() { + let ok: io::Result<_> =3D Ok(()); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(ok), 0); + + let err: io::Result<()> =3D Err(io::ErrorKind::OutOfMemory.into()); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(err), -12); + + if cfg!(unix) { + let os_err: io::Result<()> =3D Err(io::Error::from_raw_os_erro= r(2)); + assert_eq!(into_neg_errno(os_err), -2); + } + } +} diff --git a/rust/qemu-api/src/lib.rs b/rust/qemu-api/src/lib.rs index ed1a8f9a2b4..05f38b51d30 100644 --- a/rust/qemu-api/src/lib.rs +++ b/rust/qemu-api/src/lib.rs @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ pub mod callbacks; pub mod cell; pub mod chardev; +pub mod errno; pub mod irq; pub mod memory; pub mod module; diff --git a/rust/qemu-api/src/prelude.rs b/rust/qemu-api/src/prelude.rs index fbf0ee23e0b..634acf37a85 100644 --- a/rust/qemu-api/src/prelude.rs +++ b/rust/qemu-api/src/prelude.rs @@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ pub use crate::cell::BqlCell; pub use crate::cell::BqlRefCell; =20 +pub use crate::errno; + pub use crate::qdev::DeviceMethods; =20 pub use crate::qom::InterfaceType; --=20 2.48.1